System for performing Miller-Urey experiment

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for performing a Miller-Urey experiment, and relates to the technical field of experimental equipment, the system comprises an explosion-proof shell, a separated Miller-Urey experiment reaction glass assembly is arranged in the explosion-proof shell, and the system comprises six parts including an electrical generation bottle, a condensation pipe, a water vapor generation bottle, a gas supply pipe, a vacuum glass manifold and a pressure stabilizing bottle; all the parts are connected through detachable assemblies; according to the invention, the problem that the Mill-Urey experimental device is inconvenient to clean and operate in the prior art is solved by designing the separated detachable Mill-Urey experimental reaction glass assembly, each part of the reaction bottle can be touched by a test tube brush due to the separated design, and the adaptability of the Mill-Urey experimental device with an existing common ultrasonic cleaning instrument and a high-temperature drying box in a laboratory is improved; the gas tightness of the device is ensured by arranging the detachable connecting assembly at the connecting position, meanwhile, the anti-explosion shell is arranged to avoid potential safety hazards existing in the experiment process, and safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of experimental equipment, and in particular to a system for performing a Miller-Urey experiment. Background Art

[0002] The Miller-Urey experiment is a classic experiment proposed by American scientists Stanley Miller and Harold Urey in 1953. It is used to simulate the synthesis process of organic matter under primitive Earth conditions, aiming to prove that basic components of life such as amino acids can be naturally synthesized under primitive Earth conditions. The experiment studies the possibility of the origin of life by simulating gases in the primitive atmosphere (such as ammonia, methane, hydrogen and water vapor, etc.) and external energy such as lightning and thunder.

[0003] During the Miller-Urey experiment, spark discharge of methane, ammonia and hydrogen is often accompanied by the generation of a large amount of water-insoluble hydrogen and toxic gases (such as hydrogen cyanide). Overpressure usually causes the reaction bottle seal to leak, which in turn allows O2 in the atmosphere to enter the reaction bottle, making it possible to induce combustion, leading to explosions and threatening the safety of operators. In order to avoid the problem of sealing leakage during the reaction process, traditional Miller-Urey experiment reaction bottles are usually made of one-piece borosilicate glass. However, cleaning such a complex and bulky borosilicate glass reaction bottle is often a problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a system for performing a Miller-Urey experiment.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A system for conducting a Miller-Urey experiment is provided, which comprises an explosion-proof housing, an electrical generator bottle is arranged in the explosion-proof housing, two tungsten needle electrodes are arranged on the upper half of the electrical generator bottle, and the two tungsten needle electrodes are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the high voltage generator;

[0007] The top of the electric generator bottle is also connected to an air supply pipe; the bottom of the electric generator bottle is connected to a condenser pipe, and the other end of the condenser pipe is connected to a water vapor generator bottle; and the top of the water vapor generator bottle is connected to an end of the air supply pipe away from the electric generator bottle; the electric generator bottle and the air supply pipe, the electric generator bottle and the condenser pipe, the condenser pipe and the water vapor generator bottle, and the water vapor generator bottle and the air supply pipe are all connected through detachable components;

[0008] A heating device is also provided at the bottom of the water vapor generating bottle, and the heating device is located inside the explosion-proof housing;

[0009] The gas supply pipe is also provided with a gas inlet, which is connected to a gas supply component, and the gas supply component supplies original atmospheric gas to the electrical generator bottle.

[0010] Furthermore, the detachable component includes a first interface and a second interface respectively arranged on two connected components, the first interface is a double frustum type, and the second interface is a bell mouth that cooperates with the first interface; the connection between the first interface and the second interface and the components is both provided with an annular connecting plate, and the inner diameter of the connecting plate is smaller than the maximum diameter of the first interface or the second interface; a plurality of screw holes are provided on the connecting plate, and the connecting plates of adjacent first interfaces and second interfaces are connected and fixed by bolts; a sealing ring is also provided between the two connected first interfaces and second interfaces.

[0011] Furthermore, the connecting plate is modular, including a total of four semicircular plates, which are combined in pairs to form a two-layer circular ring structure, and the connecting seams of the two-layer circular ring structure are not on the same plane; the bolts pass through the two-layer circular ring structure in sequence, and then pass through the two layers of circular rings of the connecting plate of another adjacent component in sequence, and are then connected and fixed by nuts.

[0012] Further, the gas supply assembly includes a glass manifold, a tee is provided between the glass manifold and the gas supply pipe, the tee is connected to the glass manifold and the gas supply pipe respectively, and the tee is also connected to a pressure gauge;

[0013] The glass manifold is connected to a vacuum pump, a pressure-stabilizing bottle and a group of original atmosphere gas storage bottles through pipelines; the vacuum pump and the group of original atmosphere gas storage bottles are both located outside the explosion-proof housing;

[0014] Vacuum valves are provided between the tee and the gas supply pipe, between the tee and the pressure gauge, between the tee and the glass manifold, between the glass manifold and the vacuum pump, between the glass manifold and the pressure-stabilizing bottle, and between the glass manifold and the original atmosphere gas storage cylinder group.

[0015] Furthermore, the glass manifold is also provided with a vent connected to the outdoors; a vacuum valve is provided between the glass manifold and the vent.

[0016] Furthermore, an observation window is provided on the front of the explosion-proof housing.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] The present invention solves the problem of inconvenient cleaning and operation of Miller-Urey experimental devices in the prior art by designing a separate and detachable Miller-Urey experimental reaction glass component. The separate design enables various parts of the reaction bottle to be touched with a test tube brush, thereby improving the compatibility with common ultrasonic cleaning instruments and high-temperature drying ovens in existing laboratories. The air tightness of the device is ensured by arranging a detachable connection component at the connection, and an explosion-proof shell is configured to avoid potential safety hazards in the experimental process, thereby improving safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the assembly of the Miller-Urey experiment reaction glass components;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the explosion-proof housing;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a detachable component;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the first interface and the second interface;

[0024] Figure 6 is a front view schematic diagram of the connecting plate;

[0025] Among them, 1. explosion-proof shell; 2. electrical generator bottle; 3. tungsten needle electrode; 4. high-voltage generator; 5. gas supply pipe; 6. condenser; 7. water vapor generating bottle; 8. heating device; 9. gas inlet; 10. first interface; 101. second interface; 11. connecting plate; 12. semicircular plate; 13. screw hole; 14. sealing ring; 15. glass manifold; 16. three-way pipe; 17. pressure gauge; 18. vacuum pump; 19. pressure regulating bottle; 20. original atmosphere gas storage bottle group; 21. vent; 22. mass flow meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described below so that those skilled in the art can understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation modes. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the attached claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations utilizing the concept of the present invention are protected.

[0027] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a system for performing a Miller-Urey experiment comprises an explosion-proof housing 1, an electric generator bottle 2 is arranged in the explosion-proof housing 1, two tungsten needle electrodes 3 are arranged on the upper half of the electric generator bottle, and the two tungsten needle electrodes 3 are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a high voltage generator 4;

[0028] The top of the electric generator bottle 2 is also connected to an air supply pipe 5; the bottom of the electric generator bottle 2 is connected to a condenser 6, and the other end of the condenser 6 is connected to a water vapor generating bottle 7; and the top of the water vapor generating bottle 7 is connected to an end of the air supply pipe 5 away from the electric generator bottle 2; the electric generator bottle 2 and the air supply pipe 5, the electric generator bottle 2 and the condenser 6, the condenser 6 and the water vapor generating bottle 7, and the water vapor generating bottle 7 and the air supply pipe 5 are all connected through detachable components; the condenser 6 is connected to a refrigeration water tank, and the refrigeration water tank is located outside the explosion-proof housing 1;

[0029] A heating device 8 is also provided at the bottom of the water vapor generating bottle 7, and the heating device 8 is located inside the explosion-proof housing 1; in specific implementation, the heating device 8 adopts a constant temperature oil bath pot.

[0030] The gas supply pipe 5 is also provided with a gas inlet 9, which is connected to a gas supply assembly, and the gas supply assembly supplies raw atmospheric gas to the electrical generator bottle 2;

[0031] The detachable assembly includes a first interface 10 and a second interface 101 respectively arranged on two connected components, the first interface 10 is a double truncated cone type, and the second interface 101 is a trumpet type that cooperates with the first interface 10; the connection between the first interface 10 and the second interface 101 and the components is sleeved with an annular connecting plate 11, and the inner diameter of the connecting plate 11 is smaller than the maximum diameter of the first interface 10 or the second interface 101; a plurality of screw holes 13 are arranged on the connecting plate 11, and the connecting plates 11 of the adjacent first interface 10 and the second interface are connected and fixed by bolts; a sealing ring 14 is also arranged between the two connected first interfaces 10 and the second interface. In specific implementation, the contact surface of the first interface 10 and the second interface 101 is also coated with sealing silicone grease.

[0032] The connecting plate 11 is a modular type, including a total of four semicircular plates 12. The four semicircular plates 12 are combined in pairs to form a two-layer circular ring structure, and the connecting seams of the two-layer circular ring structure are not on the same plane; the bolts pass through the two-layer circular ring structure in sequence, and then pass through the two layers of circular rings of the connecting plate 11 of another adjacent component in sequence, and are connected and fixed by nuts.

[0033] The gas supply assembly includes a glass manifold 15, a tee 16 is provided between the glass manifold 15 and the gas supply pipe 5, the tee 16 is connected to the glass manifold 15 and the gas supply pipe 5 respectively, and the tee 16 is also connected to a pressure gauge 17;

[0034] The glass manifold 15 is respectively connected to a vacuum pump 18, a pressure-stabilizing bottle 19 and a raw atmosphere gas storage bottle group 20 through pipelines; the vacuum pump 18 and the raw atmosphere gas storage bottle group 20 are both located outside the explosion-proof housing 1;

[0035] Vacuum valves are provided between the tee 16 and the gas supply pipe 5, between the tee 16 and the pressure gauge 17, between the tee 16 and the glass manifold 15, between the glass manifold 15 and the vacuum pump 18, between the glass manifold 15 and the pressure-stabilizing bottle 19, and between the glass manifold 15 and the original atmosphere gas storage bottle group 20. To facilitate the description of the work process and principle, the vacuum valve between the tee 16 and the gas supply pipe 5 is V1, the vacuum valve between the tee 16 and the pressure gauge 17 is V2, the vacuum valve between the tee 16 and the glass manifold 15 is V3, the vacuum valve between the glass manifold 15 and the vacuum pump 18 is V4, the vacuum valve between the glass manifold 15 and the pressure-stabilizing bottle 19 is V6, and the vacuum valve between the glass manifold 15 and the original atmosphere gas storage bottle group 20 is V7. A mass flow meter 22 is also provided between the original atmosphere gas storage bottle group 20 and the glass manifold 15;

[0036] The glass manifold 15 is also provided with a vent 21 communicating with the outside of the room; a vacuum valve V5 is provided between the glass manifold 15 and the vent 21 .

[0037] The explosion-proof housing 1 is also provided with an observation window. In specific implementation, the front of the explosion-proof housing 1 uses a transparent panel as the observation window, and the transparent panel is provided with a folding structure, which can be folded to facilitate the experimenter to reach into the interior for operation, such as collecting samples.

[0038] The gas supply process of the gas supply component is as follows: Take the introduction of CH4 as an example:

[0039] S1: Calculate the pressure of CH4 to be introduced into the glass manifold 15 so as to introduce methane of a specified pressure into the electrical generator bottle 2;

[0040] S2: Connect the CH4 gas cylinder to the single-row high vacuum glass manifold 15;

[0041] S3: Open all valves except V1, V5 and V7, and evacuate the glass manifold 15 to a pressure of -96 kPa (the reaction chamber has been evacuated before the gas is introduced);

[0042] S4: After draining the glass manifold 15, close V4;

[0043] S5: Open V7, slowly introduce CH4 into the pressure-regulating bottle 19 connected to the glass manifold 15, and then close it immediately after obtaining a small pressure (about 10 kPa);

[0044] S6: Open V4 and evacuate the glass manifold 15 to a pressure of -96 kPa; this will purge any contaminating gas in the pipeline; repeat twice;

[0045] S7: Open V7 and introduce CH4 into the pressure regulating bottle 19 connected to the glass manifold 15 until the pressure calculated in step 1 is reached and then close the valve immediately;

[0046] S8: Open V1 and inject 26.66 kPa of CH4 into the electrical generator bottle 2;

[0047] S9: Once the expected CH4 pressure is introduced into the electrical generator bottle 2 (i.e., pressure balance), close V1 and record the pressure measured by the pressure gauge 17;

[0048] S10: Open V4 and evacuate the glass manifold 15 to -96 kPa;

[0049] S11: Ensure that V7 is closed and disconnect the CH4 gas bottle from the glass manifold 15.

Claims

1. A system for performing a Miller-Urey experiment, characterized in that: It comprises an explosion-proof housing (1), wherein an electric generator bottle (2) is arranged in the explosion-proof housing (1), and two tungsten needle electrodes (3) are arranged on the upper half of the electric generator bottle, and the two tungsten needle electrodes (3) are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a high-voltage generator (4); The top end of the electric generator bottle (2) is also connected to an air supply pipe (5); the bottom end of the electric generator bottle (2) is connected to a condenser pipe (6), and the other end of the condenser pipe (6) is connected to a water vapor generating bottle (7); and the top end of the water vapor generating bottle (7) is connected to an end of the air supply pipe (5) away from the electric generator bottle (2); the electric generator bottle (2) and the air supply pipe (5), the electric generator bottle (2) and the condenser pipe (6), the condenser pipe (6) and the water vapor generating bottle (7), and the water vapor generating bottle (7) and the air supply pipe (5) are all connected via detachable components; A heating device (8) is also provided at the bottom end of the water vapor generating bottle (7), and the heating device (8) is located inside the explosion-proof housing (1); The gas supply pipe (5) is also provided with a gas inlet (9), and the gas inlet (9) is connected to a gas supply component, and the gas supply component supplies raw atmospheric gas to the electrical generator bottle (2).

2. The system for performing the Miller-Urey experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detachable component comprises a first interface (10) and a second interface (101) respectively arranged on two connected components, the first interface (10) is a double frustum type, and the second interface (101) is a trumpet type matched with the first interface (10); the connection between the first interface (10) and the second interface (101) and the components is sleeved with an annular connecting plate (11), the inner diameter of the connecting plate (11) is smaller than the maximum diameter of the first interface (10) or the second interface (101); a plurality of screw holes (13) are arranged on the connecting plate (11), and the connecting plates (11) of adjacent first interfaces (10) and second interfaces are connected and fixed by bolts; and a sealing ring (14) is also arranged between the two connected first interfaces (10) and second interfaces.

3. The system for performing the Miller-Urey experiment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting plate (11) is of a combined type, comprising a total of four semicircular plates (12), wherein the four semicircular plates (12) are combined in pairs to form a two-layer circular ring structure, and the connecting seams of the two-layer circular ring structure are not on the same plane; the bolts sequentially pass through the two-layer circular ring structure, and then sequentially pass through the two-layer circular ring of another adjacent component connecting plate (11), and are then connected and fixed by nuts.

4. The system for performing the Miller-Urey experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas supply assembly comprises a glass manifold (15), a tee pipe (16) is arranged between the glass manifold (15) and the gas supply pipe (5), the tee pipe (16) is connected to the glass manifold (15) and the gas supply pipe (5) respectively, and the tee pipe (16) is also connected to a pressure gauge (17); The glass manifold (15) is connected to a vacuum pump (18), a pressure-stabilizing bottle (19) and a raw atmosphere gas storage bottle group (20) through pipelines; the vacuum pump (18) and the raw atmosphere gas storage bottle group (20) are both located outside the explosion-proof housing (1); Vacuum valves are provided between the three-way pipe (16) and the gas supply pipe (5), between the three-way pipe (16) and the pressure gauge (17), between the three-way pipe (16) and the glass manifold (15), between the glass manifold (15) and the vacuum pump (18), between the glass manifold (15) and the pressure-stabilizing bottle (19), and between the glass manifold (15) and the original atmosphere gas storage bottle group (20).

5. The system for performing the Miller-Urey experiment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The glass manifold (15) is also provided with a vent (21) communicating with the outdoors; a vacuum valve is provided between the glass manifold (15) and the vent (21).

6. The system for performing the Miller-Urey experiment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front of the explosion-proof housing (1) is also provided with an observation window.

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