Winnowing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of material sorting, in particular to a winnowing device. The winnowing device comprises a feeding mechanism which is integrally in an umbrella shape, the center of the top face of the feeding mechanism is higher than the peripheral side, and the feeding mechanism is used for receiving materials from the top and enabling the materials to fall down from the peripheral side along the top face of the feeding mechanism; the blowing mechanism is arranged on the peripheral side of the lower part of the feeding mechanism in a surrounding manner and is used for spraying airflow to the falling materials from outside to inside so as to separate the materials with different weights; an air inlet of the air outlet pipeline is formed in the middle of the lower portion of the feeding mechanism, and the air outlet pipeline is used for discharging airflow sprayed inwards by the spraying and blowing mechanism; and the material receiving mechanism is in a multi-layer ring shape and is arranged below the blowing mechanism, and each layer is used for collecting materials with different weights. The winnowing device is more compact in structure, the size of the winnowing device is effectively reduced, the internal space utilization rate is increased, and space is saved. And by arranging the air outlet pipeline, air blown into the winnowing device can be exhausted through the air outlet pipeline, and the situation that turbulent flow is generated in the winnowing device or the air pressure is too large to affect work of the winnowing device is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of material sorting, and in particular to an air sorting device. Background Art

[0002] For the sorting and separation of small-size materials, a wind sorting device is generally used. The different weights of different types of materials are used to separate materials of different weights from each other by blowing airflow to achieve material separation. The currently used wind sorting devices have certain defects. The components in the wind sorting device are dispersed, resulting in a large volume of the wind sorting device and a large space occupation. In addition, since the material separation is carried out by blowing airflow, it is easy to cause excessive air pressure inside the wind sorting device or gas turbulence, which affects the effect of material sorting. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art, an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a wind separation device for sorting materials, wherein the wind separation device includes: a feeding mechanism, which is umbrella-shaped as a whole, and the center of the top surface is higher than the surrounding side, for receiving the material from the top and allowing the material to fall from the surrounding side along the top surface of the feeding mechanism; a blowing mechanism, which is arranged around the surrounding side of the lower part of the feeding mechanism, and is used to spray air flow from the outside to the inside to the falling material so as to separate materials of different weights; an air outlet duct, the air inlet of the air outlet duct is arranged in the middle below the feeding mechanism, and is used to discharge the airflow sprayed inward by the blowing mechanism; a collecting mechanism, which is multi-layered ring-shaped and is arranged below the blowing mechanism, and each layer is used to collect the materials of different weights.

[0004] In some embodiments, the air selection device includes: an air return mechanism, which connects the air outlet of the air outlet duct and the blowing mechanism, and is used to supply the airflow discharged from the air outlet duct to the blowing mechanism.

[0005] In some embodiments, the air return mechanism includes: an external air source for supplying air flow to the blowing mechanism.

[0006] In some embodiments, the air selection device includes: a cover shell having a circular top wall and an annular side wall, the feeding mechanism is arranged in the cover shell; the top wall is provided with a feed port, the feed port is located above the center of the top surface of the feeding mechanism for material entry; the blowing mechanism is arranged on the side wall; the receiving mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the cover shell; the air outlet duct passes through the bottom center of the cover shell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the top surface of the feeding mechanism is a conical surface; the bottom diameter of the conical surface is less than or equal to 2m.

[0008] In some embodiments, the top surface of the feeding mechanism is a curved surface with a center higher than the circumference; the curved surface is the gentlest curve on both sides of the longitudinal section of the central axis; or, the curved surface is the gentlest curve near the bottom on both sides of the longitudinal section of the central axis.

[0009] In some embodiments, the bottom of the feeding mechanism is formed as an upwardly concave cavity.

[0010] In some embodiments, the air inlet is higher than the blowing mechanism; or, the air inlet is flush with the blowing mechanism in the vertical direction.

[0011] In some embodiments, an air inlet portion is formed at the top of the air outlet duct, the top end of the air inlet portion forms the air inlet port, and a cross-section of the air inlet port is larger than a cross-section of a bottom end of the air inlet portion.

[0012] In some embodiments, the air inlet is provided with a filter.

[0013] In some embodiments, a dust removal component is provided in the air outlet duct.

[0014] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure.

[0015] The air separation device provided by the present disclosure is provided with a spraying mechanism surrounding the lower circumference of the umbrella-shaped feeding mechanism, and the spraying mechanism sprays airflow from the outside to the inside to achieve material sorting, and the multi-layer annular material collecting mechanism collects different materials, which can make the air separation device structure more compact, effectively reduce the volume of the air separation device, and improve the internal space utilization rate of the air separation device, saving space. By providing an air outlet duct, the gas blown into the air separation device by the spraying mechanism can be discharged to the outside of the air separation device through the air outlet duct, avoiding turbulence or excessive air pressure in the air separation device that affects the operation of the air separation device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The present invention may be better understood by describing exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wind selection device according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure;

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind selection device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind selection device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wind selection device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below. It should be noted that in the specific description of these embodiments, in order to provide a concise description, it is impossible for this specification to provide a detailed description of all the features of the actual embodiments. It should be understood that in the actual implementation of any embodiment, just as in the process of any engineering project or design project, in order to achieve the specific goals of the developer and to meet system-related or business-related restrictions, various specific decisions are often made, and this will also change from one embodiment to another. In addition, it can also be understood that although the efforts made in this development process may be complex and lengthy, for ordinary technicians in the field related to the content disclosed by the present invention, some changes such as design, manufacturing or production based on the technical content disclosed in this disclosure are just conventional technical means, and should not be understood as insufficient content of this disclosure.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the claims and the specification shall have the usual meaning understood by persons with ordinary skills in the technical field to which the invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the patent application specification and the claims of the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "One" or "one" and other similar words do not indicate a quantitative limitation, but indicate the existence of at least one. "Include" or "comprises" and other similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprises" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprises" and their equivalent elements, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Connected" or "connected" and other similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, nor are they limited to direct or indirect connections.

[0023] The exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a wind separation device for separating materials, wherein Figure 1 As shown, the air separation device may include: a feeding mechanism 110, a blowing mechanism 120, an air outlet duct 130 and a material receiving mechanism 140. The air separation device in this embodiment can be used for sorting and separating materials with a particle size less than or equal to 20 mm. For materials with a particle size less than or equal to 20 mm, it can ensure that the airflow blown by the blowing mechanism 120 can blow the materials to achieve sorting and separation, thereby ensuring the efficiency and sorting accuracy of the air separation device.

[0024] The feeding mechanism 110 is in an umbrella shape as a whole, with the center of the top surface higher than the surrounding side, and is used to receive materials from the top and allow the materials to fall from the surrounding side along the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110. The feeding mechanism 110 can be used to disperse materials, so that the materials fed into the air separation device from the outside can fall along the surface of the feeding mechanism 110, so that the materials can fall more evenly from the surrounding side of the feeding mechanism 110, avoiding overlapping and mutual blocking of adjacent materials, so as to facilitate the sorting and separation of the blowing mechanism 120. The center of the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110 can extend upward, so that the feeding mechanism 110 has an umbrella-shaped structure with a high center and low surroundings, so as to facilitate the dispersion of materials. The material can fall from the top of the feeding mechanism 110 into the air separation device. After the material falls to the feeding mechanism 110 and falls near the center of the top surface with a higher height, it can fall from the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110 along the circumference, and finally fall from the circumference with a lower height, leave the feeding mechanism 110, and fall to the blowing mechanism 120.

[0025] The blowing mechanism 120 is disposed around the lower part of the feeding mechanism 110 and is used to spray airflow from the outside to the inside on the falling materials to separate materials of different weights. The blowing mechanism 120 may include nozzles for spraying airflow, so that the multiple nozzles of the blowing mechanism 120 can be disposed around the lower part of the feeding mechanism 110, and the surrounding blowing mechanism 120 can continuously spray airflow from the outside to the inside, so that the airflow sprayed by the blowing mechanism 120 can blow the materials with smaller weight, so that the materials with smaller weight move to the middle of the air separation device and fall into the collecting mechanism 140 located in the middle below the blowing mechanism 120; while the falling process of the materials with larger weight is less affected by the airflow sprayed by the blowing mechanism 120, and they continue to fall in the original state, and finally fall into another collecting mechanism 140 located below the blowing mechanism 120. The blowing mechanism 120 can be supplied with air by a medium-pressure fan or a high-pressure fan. For the air separation device provided in this embodiment, the blowing mechanism 120 is used to blow away the lighter materials according to the weight of the materials to be sorted, and change their falling trajectory so that they are separated from the heavier materials, thereby realizing the sorting function. Therefore, for the selection of the fan of the blowing mechanism 120, it is necessary to ensure that the wind pressure is moderate. If the wind pressure is too high, the gas blown out by the blowing mechanism 120 will blow away both the gas with a larger mass and the gas with a smaller mass, resulting in inability to separate; if the wind pressure is too low, the material with a smaller mass cannot be blown away, and sorting and separation cannot be achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the wind pressure of the fan is moderate, so that the airflow blown out by the blowing mechanism 120 can blow away the lighter materials, and the blown airflow has little effect on the heavier materials, so as to ensure that the blowing mechanism 120 can separate the materials by blowing the airflow. A medium-pressure fan or a high-pressure fan can be used to supply air to the blowing mechanism 120, and one or two fans can be provided for the blowing mechanism 120 to ensure air supply to the blowing mechanism 120. Different from the conventional air separation device, the blowing mechanism 120 arranged around the lower part of the feeding mechanism 110 in this embodiment can spray air from outside to inside so that the sorted materials fall into the collecting mechanism 140 located in the middle part below the blowing mechanism 120, which can effectively improve the space utilization rate of the air separation device, make the air separation device smaller, and save space.

[0026] The air outlet duct 130, the air inlet 131 of the air outlet duct 130 is arranged in the middle below the feeding mechanism 110, and is used to discharge the airflow ejected inward by the blowing mechanism 120. The air outlet duct 130 may include the air inlet 131, so that the airflow ejected by the blowing mechanism 120 can enter the air outlet duct 130 through the air inlet 131 and be discharged along the air outlet duct 130. The air inlet 131 may be located at the top of the air outlet duct 130. The air outlet duct 130 may be arranged below the feeding mechanism 110, so that the air inlet 131 of the air outlet duct 130 can be located in the middle below the feeding mechanism 110, and the air outlet duct 130 may be coaxially arranged with the feeding mechanism 110. The distance between the air inlet 131 of the air outlet duct 130 and the bottom surface of the feeding mechanism 110 may be greater than or equal to 500 mm, so as to ensure that the airflow blown out by the blowing mechanism 120 can pass more through the space between the top surface of the air outlet duct 130 and the bottom surface of the feeding mechanism 110, and enter the air outlet duct 130 through the air inlet 131. A flow guide component may be provided near the air inlet 131 of the air outlet duct 130, and the flow guide component may be provided on the side of the air inlet 131 or on the bottom surface of the feeding mechanism 110. The gas blown out by the blowing mechanism 120 may be guided to the air inlet 131 of the air outlet duct 130 through the flow guide component, so as to facilitate the discharge of the gas. The airflow ejected by the blowing mechanism 120 can flow along the bottom surface of the feeding mechanism 110 to the air inlet 131 of the air outlet duct 130, thereby realizing gas discharge, ensuring the gas flow field inside the air separation device, and avoiding the formation of turbulence in the air separation device to affect the sorting and separation accuracy of the materials.

[0027] In some embodiments, the side wall of the air outlet duct 130 may be provided with a plurality of air inlet holes for gas to flow in, so that after the gas is ejected from the blowing mechanism 120, part of the air flow can enter the air outlet duct 130 through the air inlet holes around the air outlet duct 130, thereby reducing the wind resistance around the air outlet duct 130 and preventing the air flow from stagnating around the air outlet duct 130. This makes the gas in the air selection device flow more smoothly from the outside to the middle, reduces the wind resistance, improves the air selection efficiency, reduces the wind pressure required by the blowing mechanism 120, and reduces the cost.

[0028] The material collecting mechanism 140 is in a multi-layered ring shape and is disposed below the blowing mechanism 120, and each layer is used to collect materials of different weights. The material collecting mechanism 140 can be used to receive the materials sorted by the blowing mechanism 120. The material collecting mechanism 140 can be in a multi-layered ring shape and is disposed on the peripheral side of the air outlet duct 130. Each layer of the material collecting mechanism 140 can be used to collect materials of different weights sorted by the blowing mechanism 120. The material collecting mechanism 140 can include at least a first material collecting mechanism 140 and a second material collecting mechanism 140. The first material collecting mechanism 140 can be located on the peripheral side of the air outlet duct 130 and arranged close to the air outlet duct 130, and the second material collecting mechanism 140 can be arranged on the peripheral side of the first material collecting mechanism 140. The first material receiving mechanism 140 can be used to collect materials with lighter weight. The lighter materials can be blown into the first material receiving mechanism 140 close to the air outlet duct 130 through the air flow sprayed from the outside to the inside by the blowing mechanism 120; and the second material receiving mechanism 140 can be used to collect materials with heavier weight. The blowing mechanism 120 sprays air flow from the outside to the inside to sort the materials. For heavier materials, their horizontal position is less affected by the air flow and can maintain their original falling state and fall to the second material receiving mechanism 140 located on the outer peripheral side of the first material receiving mechanism 140, thereby realizing the sorting of materials of different weights.

[0029] The air separation device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can disperse the materials fed from the outside through the umbrella-shaped feeding mechanism 110, so that the materials fall from the surrounding side of the feeding mechanism 110, which can effectively prevent the materials from falling in piles or overlapping, resulting in the inability of the blowing mechanism 120 to effectively separate materials of different weights, and can improve the accuracy of material sorting. The blowing mechanism 120 of the embodiment of the present disclosure is arranged around the surrounding side of the lower part of the feeding mechanism 110, and the materials are blown from the outside to the inside to achieve the sorting of the materials, and the materials with smaller weight can be blown inward, and the materials with smaller weight can fall into the annular material receiving mechanism 140 located in the inner layer in the middle below the blowing mechanism 120, while the materials with larger weight are not affected by the airflow and fall into another annular material receiving mechanism 140 located in the outer layer below the blowing mechanism 120, so as to achieve the separation and sorting of the materials. Through this air separation device that blows airflow from the outside to the inside, the internal space utilization rate of the air separation device can be improved, thereby effectively reducing the volume of the air separation device and saving space. Since the blowing mechanism 120 blows air from the outside to the inside, it is easy to cause gas turbulence in the air separation device, causing the lighter materials to be blown away by the gas turbulence, affecting the sorting effect. By setting an air outlet duct 130 to discharge the air flow blown by the blowing mechanism 120, the air pressure and gas flow field in the air separation device can be effectively controlled to avoid affecting the material sorting and improve the accuracy of material sorting.

[0030] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the air selection device may include: a return air mechanism 150, which is connected to the air outlet 132 of the air outlet duct 130 and the blowing mechanism 120, and is used to supply the airflow discharged from the air outlet duct 130 to the blowing mechanism 120. The return air mechanism 150 can be used for airflow circulation inside the air selection device, and the return air mechanism 150 can be connected to the air outlet duct 130 and the blowing mechanism 120. The airflow blown by the blowing mechanism 120 can enter the air outlet duct 130 from the air inlet 131, and flow to the return air mechanism 150 from the air outlet 132 of the air outlet duct 130, and finally flow back to the blowing mechanism 120, and the returned gas is sprayed again through the blowing mechanism 120, which can realize the circulation of airflow, avoid continuous large-scale air supply to the blowing mechanism 120 from an external air source, and can effectively save energy. A guide assembly may be provided near the air inlet 131 of the air outlet duct 130, and the gas blown out by the blowing mechanism 120 may be guided to the air inlet 131 through the guide assembly, so that the gas enters the air outlet duct 130, and flows from the air outlet 132 of the air outlet duct 130 to the return air mechanism 150, and is finally transported back to the blowing mechanism 120. The return air mechanism 150 may also be provided with a fan for air supply, which can actively suck the gas and transport it to the blowing mechanism 120. The air selection device improved by this embodiment can use the return air mechanism 150 to transport the gas blown out by the blowing mechanism 120 from the air outlet 132 of the air outlet duct 130 to the blowing mechanism 120, so as to realize the air flow circulation in the air selection device, and can effectively save energy. Since the blowing mechanism 120 in the air separation device blows air from the outside to the inside, it is easy to cause gas turbulence inside the air separation device, affecting the sorting of materials; the provision of an air outlet duct 130 and an air return mechanism 150 can circulate the gas through the air separation device, avoid the generation of gas turbulence, and improve the accuracy and safety of material sorting.

[0031] In some embodiments, the return air mechanism 150 may include: an external air source for supplying airflow to the blowing mechanism 120. The return air mechanism 150 can guide the gas flowing through the air outlet 132 of the air outlet duct 130 to the blowing mechanism 120 to realize the circulation of the gas. During the circulation of the gas, in order to ensure the balance inside the air separation device and make the airflow sprayed by the blowing mechanism 120 sufficient to blow the materials with smaller mass to achieve sorting, the return air mechanism 150 may be provided with an external air source. The air supply through the external air source can ensure that during the internal gas circulation process of the air separation device, the airflow blown by the blowing mechanism 120 is sufficient to achieve the requirements of material sorting. The external air source can supply air to the blowing mechanism 120 in the return air mechanism 150 to replenish fresh air during the circulation of the gas and maintain the balance of the gas flow field inside the air separation device.

[0032] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the air separation device may include: a housing 160 having a circular top wall and an annular side wall, wherein the feeding mechanism 110 is arranged in the housing 160; a feeding port 161 is provided on the top wall, and the feeding port 161 is located above the center of the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110 for material to enter; a blowing mechanism 120 is provided on the side wall; a receiving mechanism 140 is provided at the bottom of the housing 160; and an air outlet duct 130 passes through the bottom center of the housing 160. The air separation device may be provided with a housing 160, which can be provided outside the feeding mechanism 110 and the receiving mechanism 140 of the air separation device. The housing 160 may include a circular top wall corresponding to the feeding mechanism 110, and a feeding port 161 may be provided at the center of the top wall of the housing 160 in a vertical direction, and the material may be fed into the air separation device through the feeding port 161. The center of the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110 can be convex, so that the feeding mechanism 110 is umbrella-shaped as a whole, so as to facilitate the dispersion of materials; the feed port 161 can be arranged opposite to the convex part of the center of the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110, so that the materials can fall from the feed port 161 to the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110, and fall along the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110 and around the feeding mechanism 110 to disperse the materials, so that the blowing mechanism 120 can spray airflow to sort the falling materials. The side wall of the cover 160 can be annular and cover the outer peripheral side of the feeding mechanism 110. The side wall of the cover 160 can be used to install the blowing mechanism 120, so that the blowing mechanism 120 can be arranged around the outer peripheral side of the lower part of the feeding mechanism 110. The outer peripheral side of the material receiving mechanism 140 can cooperate with the bottom of the side wall of the cover shell 160, so that the material receiving mechanism 140 can be set at the bottom of the cover shell 160. By covering the material receiving mechanism 140 outside, the material flying out can be blocked to prevent the material from flying out of the air separation device. Through the air separation device of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the cover shell 160 is covered outside the feeding mechanism 110 and the material receiving mechanism 140, which can limit the volume of the air separation device. The circular top wall and the annular side wall correspond to the structural settings of the feeding mechanism 110, the blowing mechanism 120, etc., which can effectively save space. The feed port 161 opened on the top wall of the cover shell 160 can be used to feed materials into the air separation device from the outside. By installing the spray mechanism 120 on the annular side wall of the cover 160, the spray mechanism 120 can be arranged in an annular shape, and the airflow can be sprayed from the outside to the inside to achieve material sorting. The cover 160 can limit the airflow inside the air separation device to prevent the airflow from escaping, so that the airflow can enter the air outlet duct 130 from the air inlet 131 and flow back to the spray mechanism 120 through the return air mechanism 150. By providing the cover 160, it is also possible to prevent the material inside the air separation device from flying out, and at the same time reduce the impurities and dust outside the air separation device from entering the air separation device.

[0033] In some embodiments, Figure 1As shown, the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110 can be a conical surface; the bottom diameter of the conical surface is less than or equal to 2m. The feeding mechanism 110 can be conical, so that the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110 is a conical surface, the center of the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110 is the apex of the conical surface, and the apex of the conical surface of the feeding mechanism 110 can be arranged close to the feed port 161 of the cover 160. After the material falls from the feed port 161 to the feeding mechanism 110, it can naturally slide down from the center of the top of the conical surface through the conical structure, and slide down along the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110 with the help of gravity, so that the material is scattered from the center to the surroundings, which is convenient for sorting. The annular blowing mechanism 120 of the air separation device, the distance between the two relatively arranged nozzles can be less than or equal to 3m, and greater than or equal to 2m, that is, the inner side wall diameter of the cover 160 of the air separation device can be less than or equal to 3m, and greater than or equal to 2m. The largest diameter of the feeding mechanism 110 needs to be at a certain distance from the inner wall of the housing 160 to ensure that the material can fall along the circumference of the bottom of the feeding mechanism 110, and can pass through the sortable range of the blowing mechanism 120 after falling, and avoid hitting the housing 160 in the process of falling to the receiving mechanism 140 after the sorting is completed. Therefore, the bottom diameter of the conical surface can be set to be less than or equal to 2m to ensure that the material can fall along the bottom of the feeding mechanism 110 and be sorted by the airflow of the blowing mechanism 120. The inclination slope of the conical surface can be relatively gentle, so as to ensure that the material can have a smaller horizontal speed when falling from the bottom of the conical surface after moving along the conical surface. For the small-sized materials that need to be sorted in this embodiment, the inclination angle of the conical surface can be relatively small, about 30° to 50°, which can effectively control the speed of the material falling and make the material more evenly dispersed. The conical feeding mechanism 110 with a relatively gentle inclination angle can make the material fall nearly vertically, and the moving distance in the horizontal direction is shorter, which can further reduce the size of the air separation device, save space, and provide higher safety for the air separation mechanism with a smaller diameter of the cover 160. The feeding mechanism 110 of the embodiment of the present disclosure makes the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110 a conical surface, which can effectively avoid the accumulation of materials on the feeding mechanism 110. The conical surface with a high center and a low circumference can make the material slide naturally along the conical surface of the feeding mechanism 110, and automatically diffuse outward with the help of gravity, so that the material can have a higher dispersion uniformity when falling from the bottom of the circumference of the feeding mechanism 110. The uniform dispersion helps to make the forces in each area consistent when the airflow is sprayed for sorting, which can effectively improve the accuracy and stability of the subsequent sorting of the blowing mechanism 120, and have a higher sorting accuracy.

[0034] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the top surface of the feeding mechanism 110 can be a curved surface with a center higher than the circumference; the curved surface is the gentlest curve on both sides of the longitudinal section of the central axis; or, the curved surface is the gentlest curve on both sides of the longitudinal section of the central axis near the bottom. The top surface of the feeding mechanism 110 can also be a smooth curved surface with central symmetry, so that the center of the curved surface is higher than the circumference. The gentlest curve can be a curve with a small change in curvature and a smooth transition. The gentlest curve can enable the material to move along a more natural and gentle path, reducing the material speed changes and instability caused by sharp turns. The curved surface of the feeding mechanism 110 can be fitted as the gentlest curve on both sides of the longitudinal section of the central axis, so that the shape of the longitudinal section of the feeding mechanism 110 is arc-shaped, or it can be a parabola-like, forming a smooth arc. By making the curved surface of the feeding mechanism 110 the most gentle curve, the material can fall more evenly along the feeding mechanism 110 under the action of gravity, and the material has a smaller horizontal speed when it falls from the side of the feeding mechanism 110 and leaves the feeding mechanism 110, so that the material falls nearly vertically. The curved surface of the feeding mechanism 110 on both sides of the longitudinal section of the central axis near the bottom can be fitted as the most gentle curve. On the longitudinal section of the feeding mechanism 110, the curve near the top can be made steeper, and as it approaches the bottom, the curve gradually eases, so that the bottom part near the bottom is the most gentle curve. For granular materials with smaller particle sizes to be sorted, the materials can fall evenly and gently from the side of the feeding mechanism 110, avoiding the materials from falling in piles and affecting the sorting effect. Through this embodiment, the curved surface of the feeding mechanism 110 can be fitted as the slowest curve, so that the speed of the material falling along the curved surface of the feeding mechanism 110 changes more slowly, and the discharge rate can be effectively controlled to avoid uneven falling of the material from the sides of the feeding mechanism 110, so that the feeding is more uniform, so that the blowing mechanism 120 can separate the material by blowing airflow. Through this embodiment, the speed and direction of the material falling can be controlled, so that the material can have a smaller horizontal speed when falling from the sides of the feeding mechanism 110, and fall closer to vertical, so that the falling material can be prevented from hitting the inner wall of the cover 160 of the air separation device or the blowing mechanism 120; the falling material can be kept at a safe distance from the blowing mechanism 120, so that the falling material can be blown by the airflow sprayed by the blowing mechanism 120 to be separated.

[0035] In some embodiments, Figure 4As shown, the bottom of the feeding mechanism 110 can be formed into an upwardly concave cavity 111. The bottom of the feeding mechanism 110 can be formed with a cavity 111 for gas circulation, and the center of the cavity 111 can be higher than the surrounding side, so that the cavity 111 is bowl-shaped. The gas blown out by the blowing mechanism 120 is ejected inward from the surrounding side of the air outlet duct 130, and the airflow can converge from the surrounding to the center, forming a low-pressure area in the center to ensure the stability of the airflow flowing toward the center. When the airflow flows to the vicinity of the cavity 111, it can flow along the inner wall of the cavity 111, so that the airflow gradually slows down, which helps to make the smooth airflow enter the air outlet duct 130, reduce turbulence, and avoid the impact caused by the airflow suddenly entering the air outlet duct 130. After being buffered by the cavity 111, the airflow can enter the air outlet duct 130 at a relatively stable speed, making the airflow entering the air outlet duct 130 flow more smoothly, and can flow more smoothly when entering the return air mechanism 150 from the air outlet 132 of the air outlet duct 130, thereby improving the efficiency of the return air mechanism 150 and ensuring the stability of the gas circulation in the air selection device. In the above process, the outside of the air outlet duct 130 is a positive pressure area, and the inside of the air outlet duct 130 and the return air mechanism 150 are negative pressure areas. A fan can also be set in the air outlet duct 130 and the return air mechanism 150 to suck gas to ensure a negative pressure state, so that the airflow can stably and continuously enter the negative pressure area of ​​the air outlet duct 130 from the positive pressure area outside the air outlet duct 130, effectively avoiding the backflow and reflux of the airflow. The bottom diameter of the cavity 111 can be larger than the diameter of the air inlet 131 of the air outlet duct 130. The bottom diameter of the cavity 111 can be 1.5 to 2 times the diameter of the air inlet 131, which can form a larger airflow buffer zone in the cavity 111, significantly slowing down the flow rate of the airflow, reducing turbulence and airflow fluctuations caused by changes in flow rate. The depth of the concave portion of the cavity 111 can be 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the diameter of the cavity 111, which can prevent the cavity 111 from being too deep and causing the gas to stay in the cavity 111 for too long, thereby ensuring that the airflow smoothly enters the air outlet duct 130. The feeding mechanism 110 can be a conical shell with a concave bottom surface, which can effectively reduce the weight of the feeding mechanism 110, making the air selection mechanism lighter and easier to assemble and install. The cavity 111 on the bottom surface of the feeding mechanism 110 provided in this embodiment can make the gas flow outside the air outlet duct 130 more stable, with a stable gas flow field, and can effectively avoid the backflow and reflux of the airflow in the air outlet duct 130, thereby improving the efficiency of the airflow circulation. In addition, since there may be some dust, impurities, etc. in the air separation device, the cavity 111 provided in this embodiment can form a low-pressure area in the cavity 111, and the airflow is decelerated in the low-pressure area, which is conducive to the sedimentation of dust or impurities in the cavity 111, and prevents dust from entering the air outlet duct 130, effectively reducing the dust content in the air outlet duct 130, and improving the cleanliness of the air separation device and the service life of the air separation device.

[0036] In some embodiments, Figures 2 to 4As shown, the air inlet 131 may be higher than the blowing mechanism 120; or, the air inlet 131 is flush with the blowing mechanism 120 in the vertical direction. The air inlet 131 of the outlet duct 130 may be higher than the height of the airflow ejected by the blowing mechanism 120. When the airflow flows near the outlet duct 130, it needs to be lifted up a certain distance before entering the air inlet 131 of the outlet duct 130. The air inlet 131 is higher than the height of the airflow, which can form a buffer zone around the outlet duct 130, slow down the airflow in this area, make the gas flow rate entering the outlet duct 130 from the air inlet 131 more stable, reduce turbulence, and make the airflow distribution more uniform. In addition, since part of the gas is retained around the air outlet duct 130 at the lower part of the air selection device, the design that the air inlet 131 is higher than the blowing mechanism 120 can drive part of the retained gas into the air outlet duct 130 during the process of the airflow entering the air inlet 131 upward, effectively avoiding the retention of gas and improving the ventilation effect of the air selection device. For the air selection device in which the cavity 111 for gas circulation is formed at the bottom of the feeding mechanism 110, combined with the design that the air inlet 131 is higher than the blowing mechanism 120, the airdrop structure can be more effectively utilized to further improve the stability of the airflow.

[0037] The air inlet 131 of the air outlet duct 130 can also be flush with the blowing mechanism 120 in the height direction, so that the airflow sprayed by the blowing mechanism 120 is at the same height as the air inlet 131, which can directly guide the airflow so that the airflow can enter the air outlet duct 130 more smoothly and directly after converging from the surroundings to the center, and the path of the airflow can be made more direct. When the airflow height is the same as the height of the air inlet 131, the airflow disturbance and turbulence caused by the vertical height difference can be reduced, and the airflow can be further stabilized. And when the airflow is at the same height as the air inlet 131, the air outlet duct 130 can capture the airflow more efficiently, improve the efficiency of the air separation device to exhaust gas, and for the air separation device including the return air mechanism 150, the gas circulation efficiency of the air separation device can be improved.

[0038] In some embodiments, Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the top of the air outlet duct 130 may be formed with an air inlet 133, and the top of the air inlet 133 may form an air inlet 131, and the cross section of the air inlet 131 is larger than the cross section of the bottom of the air inlet 133. The air inlet 133 at the top of the air outlet duct 130 may be in a funnel shape or a cone shape that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the top of the air inlet 133 is provided with the air inlet 131, so that the cross section of the air inlet 131 is larger than the cross section of the bottom of the air inlet 133, and the cross section of the bottom of the air inlet 133 may be the same as the cross section size of the lower part of the air outlet duct 130. The cross section of the air inlet 133 may gradually decrease from top to bottom, and finally connect with the diameter of the air outlet duct 130. According to the air inlet 133 of this embodiment, the airflow sprayed inward from all sides can be effectively gathered by its wide at the top and narrow at the bottom structure. The airflow enters the air outlet duct 130 from the air inlet 131 with a larger cross-section, and flows into the air outlet duct 130 through the gradually narrowing air inlet 133, which can increase the flow rate of the airflow, help to quickly guide the gas into the air outlet duct 130, and reduce the airflow diffusion loss. The air inlet 133 gradually shrinks from the air inlet 131 to the bottom, which can guide the airflow to flow smoothly, reduce turbulence and eddy currents, and improve the stability of the airflow. The side wall inclination angle of the air inlet 131 can be 15° to 30°, which can accelerate the airflow smoothly without generating excessive turbulence, and has a better guiding effect. For the air outlet duct 130 disclosed in the present invention, its inner diameter can be 800mm to 1000mm, and the diameter of the air inlet 131 can be larger than the inner diameter of the air outlet duct 130. The diameter of the air inlet 131 can be 1.5 to 2 times the inner diameter of the air outlet duct 130, and the diameter of the air inlet 131 can be between 1200 mm and 2000 mm, which can make the cross-section of the air inlet 131 larger, have a larger air intake area, and more effectively capture the airflow from the surroundings. At the same time, it can reduce the backflow of the airflow or the swirl at the air outlet 132, and have a better diversion effect.

[0039] In some embodiments, the air inlet 131 may be provided with a filter. Since the air separation device provided by the present disclosure is mainly used for sorting materials with small particle sizes, the size and weight of the materials are small, and the materials may enter the air outlet duct 130 along with the airflow ejected by the blowing mechanism 120, resulting in blockage of the air outlet duct 130 and causing failure of the air separation mechanism. Therefore, a filter may be provided at the air inlet 131 so that the diameter of the filter is the same as the diameter of the air inlet 131. The filter may be fixedly provided at the air inlet 131 so that the edge of the filter is fixedly connected to the air inlet 131. The aperture of the filter may be determined according to the particle size of the material to be sorted. The air separation device disclosed in the present disclosure is mainly used for sorting materials with a particle size less than or equal to 20 mm, so the aperture of the filter may be set to 1 mm to 5 mm to block the material. The filter may be made of a relatively strong material with good wear resistance, such as a stainless steel wire mesh or a high-strength alloy wire mesh. The filter can be welded to the air inlet 131 or formed integrally with the air outlet duct 130, or it can be fixed to the air inlet 131 by bolts or buckles for easy disassembly and replacement. The filter provided by the present disclosure can prevent materials from entering the air outlet duct 130, reduce the risk of clogging of the air outlet duct 130, improve the safety of the air selection device, and reduce the maintenance frequency. The filter can also extend the service life of the air outlet duct 130 and the return air mechanism 150, and avoid damage to the air selection device caused by wear and tear caused by material impact.

[0040] In some embodiments, a dust removal component may be provided in the air outlet duct 130. Since material sorting is achieved by blowing airflow, small particles of impurities and dust are easily driven into the air outlet duct 130 during the flow of airflow. A dust removal component may be provided in the air outlet duct 130 to block or process dust and impurities entering the air outlet duct 130. The dust removal component may be a filter with a small aperture. Different from the filter provided at the air inlet 131, the aperture of the dust removal component is smaller, which may be 0.1 mm to 1 mm. The dust removal component may be provided below the filter to filter impurities smaller than the material size. A cloth bag may also be fixedly installed in the air outlet duct 130 as a dust removal component. As a dust removal component, the cloth bag can capture fine dust in the airflow. One or more layers of cloth bags may be provided to achieve multi-layer dust removal, which has a better dust removal effect. The dust removal component can also be an electrostatic precipitator, and a dust collecting plate can be set on the inner wall of the air outlet duct 130. The electrostatic field of the electrostatic precipitator charges fine particles such as dust and makes them adhere to the dust collecting plate, thereby achieving dust removal and preventing small particles of impurities from entering the return air mechanism 150 from the air outlet duct 130. By setting up the dust removal component, dust and impurities entering the air outlet duct 130 can be blocked, the inside of the air selection device can be kept clean, the service life can be extended, the risk of blockage of the air outlet duct 130, the return air mechanism 150 and the blowing mechanism 120 can be reduced, and the safety of the air selection device can be improved.

[0041] The present application uses specific words to describe the embodiments of the present application. For example, "one embodiment", "an embodiment", and / or "some embodiments" refer to a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or multiple times in different positions in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, some features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present application can be appropriately combined.

[0042] In the context of this application, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "a kind" and / or "the" do not refer to the singular, but may also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements that have been clearly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or device may also include other steps or elements.

[0043] Similarly, it should be noted that in order to simplify the description of the disclosure of this application and thus help understand one or more application embodiments, in the above description of the embodiments of this application, multiple features are sometimes merged into one embodiment, figure or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not mean that the features required by the object of this application are more than the features mentioned in the claims. In fact, the features of the embodiments are less than all the features of the single embodiment disclosed above.

[0044] The basic concepts have been described above. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, the above disclosure is only for example and does not constitute a limitation of the present application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements and amendments to the present application. Such modifications, improvements and amendments are suggested in the present application, so such modifications, improvements and amendments still belong to the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A wind separation device for separating materials, wherein: The air selection device comprises: The feeding mechanism is umbrella-shaped as a whole, with the center of the top surface higher than the peripheral side, and is used to receive the material from the top and make the material fall from the peripheral side along the top surface of the feeding mechanism; A spraying mechanism is disposed around the lower part of the feeding mechanism and is used to spray airflow from outside to inside to the falling materials so as to separate materials of different weights; An air outlet duct, the air inlet of which is arranged in the middle below the feeding mechanism, for discharging the airflow ejected inwardly by the blowing mechanism; The material collecting mechanism is in a multi-layer ring shape and is arranged below the blowing mechanism, and each layer is used to collect the materials of different weights.

2. The wind selection device according to claim 1, wherein: The air selection device comprises: The air return mechanism is connected to the air outlet of the air outlet duct and the blowing mechanism, and is used to supply the airflow discharged from the air outlet duct to the blowing mechanism.

3. The wind selection device according to claim 2, wherein: The air return mechanism comprises: an external air source, which is used to supply air flow to the blowing mechanism.

4. The wind selection device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: The air selection device comprises: The cover shell has a circular top wall and annular side walls, the feeding mechanism is arranged in the cover shell; the top wall is provided with a feeding port, the feeding port is located above the center of the top surface of the feeding mechanism, for the material to enter; the blowing mechanism is arranged on the side wall; the receiving mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the cover shell; the air outlet duct passes through the bottom center of the cover shell.

5. The wind selection device according to claim 4, wherein: The top surface of the feeding mechanism is a conical surface; The bottom diameter of the conical surface is less than or equal to 2m.

6. The wind selection device according to claim 4, wherein: The top surface of the feeding mechanism is a curved surface with a center higher than the circumference; The curved surface is the gentlest curve on both sides of the longitudinal section of the central axis; or, The curved surface has the slowest curves at the parts close to the bottom ends on both sides of the longitudinal section of the central axis.

7. The wind selection device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: The bottom of the feeding mechanism is formed as an upwardly concave cavity.

8. The wind selection device according to claim 7, wherein: The air inlet is higher than the blowing mechanism; or, The air inlet is flush with the blowing mechanism in the vertical direction.

9. The wind selection device according to claim 8, wherein: An air inlet portion is formed at the top of the air outlet duct, and the top end of the air inlet portion forms the air inlet port, and the cross section of the air inlet port is larger than the cross section of the bottom end of the air inlet portion.

10. The wind selection device according to claim 8, wherein: The air inlet is provided with a filter.

11. The wind selection device according to claim 8, wherein: A dust removal component is arranged in the air outlet duct.

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