Press fitting production line and press fitting method for engine cylinder cover holder

Abstract

The invention discloses an engine cylinder cover retainer press-fitting production line and a press-fitting method. The engine cylinder cover retainer press-fitting production line comprises a component feeding station used for feeding an engine cylinder cover retainer; the material taking and press-fitting station is used for taking materials and press-fitting the engine cylinder cover retainer; the conveying mechanism is used for conveying the engine cylinder cover; the positioning and lifting mechanism is used for positioning and lifting the engine cylinder cover to enable the engine cylinder cover to be located at the press-fitting position of the material taking and press-fitting station; the material taking and press fitting station comprises a material taking and press fitting robot which comprises a paw, and a plurality of pressing heads are fixed to the paw. The pressing head comprises a floating material taking press-fitting rod which can be inserted into a pin hole of the engine cylinder cover holder, take out the engine cylinder cover holder from the component feeding station through friction force, press-fit the engine cylinder cover holder on the engine cylinder cover through axial elastic movement and then separate the engine cylinder cover holder from the engine cylinder cover holder. The press-fitting machine has the advantages of being high in press-fitting efficiency, low in cost, small in occupied area, high in assembly precision, high in press-fitting reliability and high in automation degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle assembly equipment, and in particular to a press-assembly production line and a press-assembly method for an engine cylinder head retainer. Background Art

[0002] The engine cylinder head is one of the most complex parts in the engine. Its structure and processing technology are complex and the precision requirements are extremely high, which also determines the strict requirements for its assembly accuracy. The cage is a key component of the engine valve group. It is used to fix the cylinder head camshaft. Its installation accuracy is directly related to the running accuracy of the camshaft, which in turn affects the entire engine valve group.

[0003] In the field of automobile engine cylinder head machining, the traditional method of cage press-fitting is for the operator to hold a nylon hammer in one hand and the cage in the other hand for manual press-fitting. Since the cylinder head cage parts are relatively small in size compared to other parts of the cylinder head, and a single cylinder head is used in large quantities, each workpiece needs to be knocked 20 times, and the number of knocks per day is as high as 30,000 times, resulting in a huge workload for the personnel. At the same time, personnel fatigue can easily cause the cage to be installed in reverse, and the uncertainty of the nylon hammer's point of force can also cause the cage to deform, posing a risk of defective products flowing out. In addition, the noise generated by knocking is greater than 85dB, which does not comply with occupational safety and health regulations, and there is a safety hazard of knocking fingers. From the perspective of the G-PCAV process quality assurance system, the instability of personnel due to fatigue or objective ability makes it difficult to ensure the process assurance capability.

[0004] Although there are fully automatic press-fitting production lines for retainers in the prior art, such as the Chinese invention patent with patent number CN116765811A and the name "Automatic Press-fitting Production Line and Press-fitting Method for Automobile Engine Cylinder Head Retainer", a fully automatic press-fitting process method for retainers is disclosed, which uses two sets of robot systems for press-fitting and one set of robot systems for food preparation, realizes the flow of workpieces through a turntable, and uses vision to inspect parts. However, the press-fitting system has many disadvantages: two robots are used for press-fitting, each can only press-fit one retainer part at a time, and the two sets of robot press-fitting systems need to work simultaneously and press-fit five times respectively to complete the press-fitting operation of a cylinder head, resulting in a complex overall structure of the equipment, high equipment cost, high operating energy consumption, and a large footprint. In addition, the equipment has many electrical components configured in the claw part, and the maintenance cost in later use is higher. Therefore, how to press-fit the retainer parts onto the engine cylinder head at a lower cost and higher efficiency, while reducing the equipment manufacturing cost, and maintaining low energy consumption and low failure rate during use, the prior art has not yet provided an ideal solution. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide an engine cylinder head retainer press assembly production line and press assembly method with high efficiency, low cost, small footprint and few equipment components.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the engine cylinder head retainer press-fitting production line designed by the present invention includes a component loading station for loading the engine cylinder head retainer; a material picking and pressing station for picking and pressing the engine cylinder head retainer; a conveying mechanism for conveying the engine cylinder head; a positioning and lifting mechanism for positioning and lifting the engine cylinder head to locate it in the pressing position of the material picking and pressing station; the material picking and pressing station includes a material picking and pressing robot, which includes a gripper, and a plurality of pressing heads are fixed on the gripper, and the pressing heads include a floating material picking and pressing rod that can be inserted into the pin hole of the engine cylinder head retainer, pick up the engine cylinder head retainer from the component loading station by friction, and separate from the engine cylinder head retainer after the engine cylinder head retainer is press-fitted on the engine cylinder head by axial elastic movement.

[0007] Furthermore, the parts loading station includes a serving tray for placing a plurality of engine cylinder head holders and a reciprocating mechanism for driving the serving tray to reciprocate between a manual loading position and a machine picking position; a plurality of engine cylinder head holders can be manually installed on the serving tray at the manual loading position, and the picking and pressing robot can take out a plurality of engine cylinder head holders from the serving tray at one time at the machine picking position.

[0008] Furthermore, the meal tray includes a bottom plate fixed on the movable part of the reciprocating mechanism and a retainer mounting plate fixed on the bottom plate, on which a plurality of retainer mounting holes for mounting the engine cylinder head retainer are provided.

[0009] Furthermore, an anti-error plate is fixed above the retainer mounting plate, and a plurality of retainer positioning holes corresponding to the outer contour of the engine cylinder head retainer are opened on the anti-error plate; the outer contour shapes of engine cylinder head retainers of different models are different, and retainer positioning holes of different shapes are opened on the anti-error plate according to the different models of engine cylinder head retainers, thereby ensuring that the installation positions of engine cylinder head retainers of various models on the retainer mounting plate are correct.

[0010] Furthermore, a material presence detection switch mounting plate is fixed to the left and right sides of the anti-error plate respectively, and a plurality of material presence detection switches corresponding to the positioning holes of the retaining frame are fixed thereon at intervals along the length direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the positioning and lifting mechanism includes a pushing mechanism located on the left and right sides of the conveying mechanism, a press-fit blocking mechanism arranged in front of the pushing mechanism along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism, and a lifting mechanism located between the left and right pushing mechanisms of the conveying mechanism and fixed to the lower part of the conveying mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism includes a pushing drive unit and a pushing block driven by the pushing drive unit and capable of reciprocating vertically in the conveying direction to adjust the left and right position of the engine cylinder head; the press-fitting blocking mechanism includes a blocking drive unit and a blocking block driven by the blocking drive unit and capable of lifting up and down to block the engine cylinder head from moving forward along the conveying direction; the lifting mechanism includes a lifting drive unit and a lifting unit driven by the lifting drive unit and capable of reciprocating up and down to drive the engine cylinder head to lift and lower.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressing head includes a cylindrical mounting seat having an axial internal space, one end of the floating material picking and pressing rod is coaxially located inside the cylindrical mounting seat, an elastic member is connected between one end of the floating material picking and pressing rod and the cylindrical mounting seat, and is coaxially arranged with the floating material picking and pressing rod and the cylindrical mounting seat, and a picking ring is fixed to the other end of the floating material picking and pressing rod, and the other end of the floating material picking and pressing rod can be inserted into the pin hole of the engine cylinder head retainer, and the engine cylinder head retainer can be removed from the component loading station by the friction between the picking ring and the pin hole wall.

[0014] Furthermore, a method for pressing an engine cylinder head holder based on the above-mentioned engine cylinder head holder pressing production line comprises: the engine cylinder head holder is loaded by a component loading station and conveyed to a waiting position corresponding to the material picking and pressing station, the material picking and pressing robot drives the gripper to move, so that the floating material picking and pressing rod of the pressing head is inserted into the pin hole of the engine cylinder head holder, and the engine cylinder head holder is taken out from the component loading station, and when the engine cylinder head reaches the pressing position of the material picking and pressing station through the conveying mechanism, the engine cylinder head is blocked by the positioning and lifting mechanism, and the left and right positions are adjusted and then lifted, the material picking and pressing robot drives the gripper to move, the pressing head brings the engine cylinder head holder to the pressing position, and the engine cylinder head holder is pressed onto the engine cylinder head by the floating material picking and pressing rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the engine cylinder head retainer press-fitting method of the engine cylinder head retainer press-fitting production line also includes: when the engine cylinder head reaches the pressing position of the material picking and pressing station through the conveying mechanism, the position of the engine cylinder head is detected to determine whether the engine cylinder head has reached the set position, and if not, an alarm is issued; after the engine cylinder head retainer is pressed onto the engine cylinder head by the floating material picking and pressing rod, it is detected whether the entire engine cylinder head retainer is pressed, and if not, an alarm is issued.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. High efficiency: Multiple pressing heads are fixed on the grippers of the picking and pressing robot, which can pick up and press multiple engine cylinder head retainers at one time, reducing the number of operations and improving the overall pressing efficiency. At the same time, each station works together, including the rapid loading of the parts loading station, the efficient transportation of the conveying mechanism, and the rapid positioning and lifting of the positioning and lifting mechanism, further improving the production rhythm.

[0018] 2. Low cost: The equipment has relatively few parts, which reduces the cost of equipment procurement, maintenance and fault repair. Through optimized design, simple and effective structure is used to achieve complex press-fitting functions, which reduces production costs.

[0019] 3. Small footprint: The overall layout is compact, and each workstation and mechanism is reasonably arranged. For example, the positioning and lifting mechanism is cleverly arranged at the relevant position of the conveying mechanism, without taking up too much additional space, and efficient production can be achieved in a limited production site.

[0020] 4. High precision: The error-proofing plate of the serving tray is equipped with cage positioning holes corresponding to the outer contours of the engine cylinder head cages of different models, which can ensure the correct installation position of each model of cage; the material detection switches on both sides of the error-proofing plate can monitor the presence of the cage in real time to improve the accuracy of feeding. The push mechanism, press-fit blocking mechanism and lifting mechanism of the positioning lifting mechanism work together to accurately adjust the position of the engine cylinder head and lift it to ensure the accuracy of the press-fit position.

[0021] 5. Strong press-fitting reliability: The floating material-taking and press-fitting rod of the press head realizes axial elastic movement through elastic parts, which can not only ensure accurate material taking through friction during press-fitting, but also adaptively adjust the pressure during press-fitting, ensuring that the engine cylinder head retainer is firmly pressed and not easily damaged, thereby improving the press-fitting quality and reliability.

[0022] 6. High degree of automation: The production line realizes automated operation from parts loading, material picking and pressing to engine cylinder head positioning and transportation, reducing manual intervention, which not only improves production efficiency, but also reduces errors and quality problems caused by human factors. At the same time, position detection and pressing completion detection are set in the pressing process, and timely alarms are issued in case of abnormalities, further improving the stability and reliability of automated production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A top view of the engine cylinder head retainer press assembly production line designed for the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a front view of the conveying mechanism in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a left side view of the engine cylinder head retainer press-assembly production line designed in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the conveying mechanism in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 A top view of the conveying mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a left side view of the conveying mechanism in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 A three-dimensional diagram of the lifting mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a front view of the lifting mechanism in the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the left push and lean in the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a stereogram of the right push and lean in the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 is a three-dimensional diagram of the press-fit blocking mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the parts loading station in the present invention;

[0035] Fig.13 is a three-dimensional diagram of a meal tray according to the present invention;

[0036] Fig.14 An exploded view of the meal tray of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.15 It is a top view of the meal tray installed with the engine cylinder head retainer and the material detection switch in the present invention;

[0038] Fig.16 A three-dimensional diagram of the material picking and pressing robot of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.17 A three-dimensional diagram of the pressure head installed on the hand claw in the present invention;

[0040] Fig.18 is a three-dimensional diagram of the pressure head in the present invention;

[0041] Fig.19 An exploded view of the pressure head in the present invention;

[0042] Fig. 20 It is a front view of the pressure head grabbing the engine cylinder head retainer of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.21 It is a front view of the pressure head in the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 22 It is a top view of the pressure head without the floating material taking and pressing rod installed in the present invention;

[0045] Fig.23 It is an axial cross-sectional view of the pressing head without the floating material taking and pressing rod installed in the present invention;

[0046] Fig.24 It is a flow chart of the press-fitting method of the engine cylinder head retainer in the present invention;

[0047] Among them, 1 is a part loading station, 2 is a material picking and pressing station, 3 is a conveying mechanism, 4 is an engine cylinder head holder, 5 is an engine cylinder head, 6 is a material picking and pressing robot, 7 is a gripper, 8 is a press head (8.1 is a columnar mounting seat, 8.2 is a press head fixing plate), 9 is a floating material picking and pressing rod, 10 is a bottom plate, 11 is a holder mounting plate, 12 is a holder mounting hole, 13 is an anti-error plate, 14 is a holder positioning hole, 15 is a material detection switch mounting plate, 16 is a material detection switch, 17 is a press blocking mechanism (17.1 is a blocking drive unit, 17.2 is a blocking block), 18 is a lifting and lowering mechanism. Lifting mechanism (18.1—lifting drive unit, 18.2—lifting unit, 18.3—guide unit), 19—elastic member, 20—feeding ring, 21—limiting pin, 22—limiting pin mounting hole, 23—spring mounting hole, 24—anti-slip ring, 25—anti-slip ring mounting groove, 26—left push (26.1—left push cylinder, 26.2—left push block), 27—right push (27.1—right push electric cylinder, 27.2—right push block), 28—material blocking mechanism, 29—positioning block, 30—feeding guide rail, 31—No. 1 meal tray, 32—No. 2 meal tray, 33—feeding cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 6 , in certain embodiments, the engine cylinder head retainer press-fitting production line designed by the present invention comprises a component loading station 1 for loading the engine cylinder head retainer 4; a component loading station 2 for picking up and press-fitting the engine cylinder head retainer 4 (such as Fig.15 a conveying mechanism 3 for conveying the engine cylinder head 5; and a positioning and lifting mechanism for positioning and lifting the engine cylinder head 5 so that it is located at the pressing position of the material picking and pressing station 2.

[0050] Embodiment 1

[0051] like Fig.12 As shown in FIG. 15 , the component loading station 1 includes a food preparation tray for placing a plurality of engine cylinder head retainers 4 and a reciprocating mechanism for driving the food preparation tray to reciprocate between a manual loading position and a machine fetching position.

[0052] A specific embodiment of the reciprocating mechanism includes a feeding cylinder 33 and a feeding guide rail 30. The meal tray is fixed on a slider (not shown in the figure) of the feeding guide rail 33. The feeding cylinder 33 can drive the slider to move along the feeding guide rail 33 to drive the meal tray from the manual feeding position to the machine fetching position, or drive the meal tray from the machine fetching position to the manual feeding position. A plurality of engine cylinder head retainers 4 can be manually installed on the meal tray at the manual feeding position.

[0053] A specific embodiment of a meal tray includes a No. 1 meal tray 31 and a No. 2 meal tray 32. The two meal trays can be used for continuous and cyclic loading. For example, when the No. 1 meal tray 31 is in the manual loading position, it can be loaded manually, and the No. 2 meal tray 32 carrying the engine cylinder head retainer 4 can wait to be picked up at the expected position of the machine. When the No. 2 meal tray 32 returns to the manual loading position, it can be loaded again manually. After the manual loading is completed, the No. 1 meal tray 32 carrying the engine cylinder head retainer 4 can wait to be picked up at the expected position of the machine. Such a reciprocating cycle can achieve a high-efficiency and rapid press-fitting operation. The meal tray includes a base plate 10 fixed on a slider and a retainer mounting plate 11 fixed on the base plate 10, on which a plurality of retainer mounting holes 12 for mounting the engine cylinder head retainer 4 are provided. An error prevention plate 13 is fixed above the holder mounting plate 11, and a plurality of holder positioning holes 14 corresponding to the outer contour of the engine cylinder head holder 4 are provided on the error prevention plate 13; the outer contours of different types of engine cylinder head holders 4 are different, and holder positioning holes 14 of different shapes are provided on the error prevention plate 13 according to different types of engine cylinder head holders 4, so as to ensure that the installation positions of various types of engine cylinder head holders 4 on the holder mounting plate 11 are correct. A material detection switch mounting plate 15 is fixed on the left and right sides of the error prevention plate 13, and a plurality of material detection switches 16 corresponding to the holder positioning holes 14 are fixed at intervals along the length direction. The material detection switch 16 is used to detect whether all the engine cylinder head holders 4 on the meal tray have been fully pressed.

[0054] Embodiment 2

[0055] like Fig.16 As shown in —23, the picking and pressing station 2 includes a picking and pressing robot 6, which includes a rotatable and movable gripper 7, and a plurality of pressing heads 8 are fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the gripper 7. The pressing head 8 includes a floating picking and pressing rod 9 which can be inserted into the pin hole of the engine cylinder head holder 4, pick up the engine cylinder head holder 4 from the component loading station 1 through friction, and press the engine cylinder head holder 4 onto the engine cylinder head 5 through axial elastic movement and then separate from the engine cylinder head holder 4.

[0056] A specific embodiment of the pressing head 8: the pressing head 8 includes a cylindrical mounting seat 8.1 with an axial internal space, a spring mounting hole 23 is opened inside the pressing head 8, one end of the floating material picking and pressing rod 9 is coaxially located inside the cylindrical mounting seat 8.1, a spring (elastic member 19) is connected between one end of the floating material picking and pressing rod 9 and the cylindrical mounting seat 8.1, the spring is installed in the spring mounting hole 23, the spring is coaxially arranged with the floating material picking and pressing rod 9 and the cylindrical mounting seat 18.1, the other end of the floating material picking and pressing rod 9 is fixed with a picking ring 20, the other end of the floating material picking and pressing rod 9 can be inserted into the pin hole of the engine cylinder head retainer 4, and the engine cylinder head retainer 4 is taken out from the component loading station 1 by the friction between the picking ring 20 and the pin hole wall. In order to facilitate the positioning of the spring, an axial hole is provided inside one end of the floating material pressing rod 9, and the spring is located in the axial hole. At the same time, in order to prevent the floating material pressing rod 9 from detaching from the columnar mounting seat 8.1, a radial limit pin mounting hole 22 is provided in the columnar mounting seat 8.1, and a limit pin 21 is installed in the limit pin mounting hole 22. An axially arranged elliptical hole is provided on the side surface of the floating material pressing rod 9, and the limit pin 21 passes through the elliptical hole. When the floating material pressing rod 9 moves up and down, it can be limited by the limit pin 21, and the axial elastic movement of the floating material pressing rod 9 is realized by the structure of the spring and the limit pin 21. Fig.15 As shown, two types of engine cylinder head holders 4 are arranged on the meal tray (the lighter color is the 15T type holder, and the darker color is the AP3 type holder), each type of engine cylinder head holder 4 has ten, and the upper and lower surfaces of the gripper 7 are arranged with twenty pressure heads 8, and every two pressure heads 8 can take out one engine cylinder head holder 4, so the twenty pressure heads 8 on the same surface of the gripper 7 can take out ten engine cylinder head holders 4 of the same type at one time, and after the gripper 7 is turned over, the twenty pressure heads 8 on the other surface can take out another ten engine cylinder head holders 4 of the same type at one time. The efficiency of taking out the engine cylinder head holder 4 is greatly increased.

[0057] Embodiment 3

[0058] like Figure 1 —11 shows a specific embodiment of the conveying mechanism 3: the conveying mechanism 3 is a conveying roller, and the engine cylinder head 5 moves along the conveying roller with the pallet. The positioning lifting mechanism includes a push mechanism located on the left and right sides of the conveying mechanism 3, a press-fitting blocking mechanism 17 arranged in front of the push mechanism along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism 3, and a lifting mechanism 18 located between the left and right push mechanisms of the conveying mechanism 3 and fixed to the lower part of the conveying mechanism 3.

[0059] A specific embodiment of the pushing mechanism includes a left pushing mechanism 26 and a right pushing mechanism 27. The left pushing mechanism 26 includes a left pushing cylinder 26.1 (pushing mechanism driving unit) and a left pushing mechanism block 26.2 (pushing mechanism block) driven by the left pushing cylinder 26.1, and the right pushing mechanism 27 includes a right pushing electric cylinder 27.1 (pushing mechanism driving unit) and a right pushing mechanism block 27.2 (pushing mechanism block) driven by the right pushing electric cylinder 27.1. The left and right pushing mechanisms can adjust the left and right positions of the engine cylinder head 5 perpendicular to the conveying direction.

[0060] A specific embodiment of the press-fitting blocking mechanism 17: The press-fitting blocking mechanism 17 includes a lifting electric cylinder (blocking driving part 17.1) and a blocking block 17.2 driven by the lifting electric cylinder and capable of being raised and lowered to block the engine cylinder head 5 from moving forward along the conveying direction.

[0061] A specific embodiment of the lifting mechanism 18: includes a lifting electric cylinder (lifting drive unit 18.1) and a lifting unit 18.2 driven by the lifting electric cylinder and capable of reciprocating up and down to drive the engine cylinder head 5 to rise and fall. The lifting unit is a workpiece positioning plate, on which five positioning blocks 29 are provided for determining the lifting position of the engine cylinder head 5. The two positioning blocks 29 located at opposite corners of the workpiece positioning plate are air detection blocks, which will sound an alarm if they are not in the correct lifting position.

[0062] Embodiment 4

[0063] like Fig.24As shown, the engine cylinder head retainer pressing method based on the above-mentioned engine cylinder head retainer pressing production line is as follows: the engine cylinder head retainer 4 is loaded by the component loading station 1 and conveyed to the waiting position corresponding to the material picking and pressing station 2, the material picking and pressing robot 6 drives the claw 7 to move, so that the floating material picking and pressing rod 9 of the pressing head 8 is inserted into the pin hole of the engine cylinder head retainer 4, and the engine cylinder head retainer 4 is taken out from the component loading station 1. When the engine cylinder head 5 reaches the pressing position of the material picking and pressing station 2 through the conveying mechanism 3, the engine cylinder head 5 is blocked by the positioning and lifting mechanism, and the left and right positions are adjusted and then lifted. The material picking and pressing robot 6 drives the claw 7 to move, and the pressing head 8 brings the engine cylinder head retainer 4 to the pressing position, and the engine cylinder head retainer 4 is pressed onto the engine cylinder head 5 by the floating material picking and pressing rod 9. When the engine cylinder head 5 reaches the pressing position of the material picking and pressing station 2 through the conveying mechanism 3, the position of the engine cylinder head 5 is detected by the air detection block to determine whether the engine cylinder head 5 has reached the set position. If not, an alarm is issued; after the engine cylinder head retainer 4 is pressed onto the engine cylinder head 5 by the floating material picking and pressing rod 9, it is detected whether the pressing of all the engine cylinder head retainers 4 is completed. If not, an alarm is issued. Before the engine cylinder head 5 is pressed, the rear engine cylinder head 5 can be blocked by the waiting material blocking mechanism 28 to ensure the pressing operation of the current engine cylinder head 5. After the current engine cylinder head 5 completes the pressing of all the engine cylinder head retainers 4, the engine cylinder head 5 is lowered and the engine cylinder head 5 runs to the next station with the conveying roller. The waiting material blocking mechanism 28 releases the engine cylinder head 5, and the meal tray is reset to enter the next pressing operation cycle.

[0064] In summary, the engine cylinder head retainer press-fitting production line designed by the present invention simplifies the equipment structure, reduces the equipment footprint, uses a simple mechanical structure to replace the electrical operating part of the equipment, and reduces the cost of equipment use, manufacturing, and spare parts. The press-fitting part is designed with a purely mechanical structure, which improves the stability of the equipment, reduces the energy consumption cost of the equipment, and achieves energy conservation and emission reduction. The press-fitting part is designed with a simple mechanized design, which is convenient for maintenance during use and reduces maintenance time and cost. The gripper 7 is designed for batch material collection and press-fitting, which improves the operating efficiency of the equipment. All component press-fitting operations can be completed in one lift, which reduces repeated positioning operations of the workpiece. During press-fitting, the lifting electric cylinder monitors the press-fitting force throughout the process, detects component abnormalities in a timely manner, and improves the product press-fitting stability and press-fitting quality.

[0065] Here, it should be noted that the description of the above technical solution is exemplary, and this specification can be embodied in different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the technical solution set forth herein. On the contrary, providing these descriptions will make the disclosure of the present invention thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope disclosed in this specification to those skilled in the art. In addition, the technical solution of the present invention is limited only by the scope of the claims. In the case of using "including", "having" and "comprising" described in this specification, another part or other parts may also be provided, and the terms used may generally be singular but may also represent plural forms. It should be noted that although the terms "first", "second", "top", "bottom", "one side", "other side", "one end", "other end", etc. may appear and be used in this specification to describe various components, these components and parts should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component and part from another component and part. For example, without departing from the scope of this specification, the first component may be referred to as the second component, and similarly, the second component may be referred to as the first component, and the components at the top and bottom may also be interchanged or converted with each other under certain circumstances; the components at one end and the other end may have the same or different performances.

[0066] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only representative examples of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and there are many variations. Any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention should be considered to belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An engine cylinder head retainer press assembly production line, characterized in that: It comprises a component loading station (1) for loading an engine cylinder head retainer (4); a material picking and pressing station (2) for picking and pressing the engine cylinder head retainer (4); a conveying mechanism (3) for conveying the engine cylinder head (5); a positioning and lifting mechanism for positioning and lifting the engine cylinder head (5) so that it is located at the pressing position of the material picking and pressing station (2); the material picking and pressing station (2) comprises a material picking and pressing robot (6), which comprises a gripper (7), on which a plurality of pressing heads (8) are fixed, and the pressing heads (8) comprise a floating material picking and pressing rod (9) which can be inserted into a pin hole of the engine cylinder head retainer (4), pick the engine cylinder head retainer (4) from the component loading station (1) by friction force, and separate from the engine cylinder head retainer (4) after the engine cylinder head retainer (4) is pressed onto the engine cylinder head (5) by axial elastic movement.

2. The engine cylinder head retainer press assembly production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The component loading station (1) comprises a serving tray for placing a plurality of engine cylinder head retainers (4) and a reciprocating mechanism for driving the serving tray to reciprocate between a manual loading position and a machine fetching position; a manual worker can install a plurality of engine cylinder head retainers (4) on the serving tray at the manual loading position, and the fetching and pressing robot (6) can fetch a plurality of engine cylinder head retainers (4) from the serving tray at one time at the machine fetching position.

3. The engine cylinder head retainer press assembly production line according to claim 2, characterized in that: The meal tray comprises a bottom plate (10) fixed on the movable part of the reciprocating mechanism and a retainer mounting plate (11) fixed on the bottom plate (10), and provided with a plurality of retainer mounting holes (12) for mounting an engine cylinder head retainer (4).

4. The engine cylinder head retainer press assembly production line according to claim 3, characterized in that: An anti-mistake plate (13) is fixed above the retainer mounting plate (11), and a plurality of retainer positioning holes (14) corresponding to the outer contour of the engine cylinder head retainer (4) are provided on the anti-mistake plate (13); the outer contours of engine cylinder head retainers (4) of different models are different in shape, and retainer positioning holes (14) of different shapes are provided on the anti-mistake plate (13) according to the different models of engine cylinder head retainers (4), thereby ensuring that the installation positions of engine cylinder head retainers (4) of different models on the retainer mounting plate (11) are all correct.

5. The engine cylinder head retainer press assembly production line according to claim 4, characterized in that: A material presence detection switch mounting plate (15) is fixed to the left and right sides of the anti-error plate (13), respectively, and a plurality of material presence detection switches (16) corresponding to the retaining frame positioning holes (14) are fixed to the mounting plate at intervals along the length direction.

6. The engine cylinder head retainer press assembly production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning and lifting mechanism comprises a pushing mechanism located on the left and right sides of the conveying mechanism (3), a pressing and blocking mechanism (17) arranged in front of the pushing mechanism along the conveying direction of the conveying mechanism (3), and a lifting mechanism (18) located between the left and right pushing mechanisms of the conveying mechanism (3) and fixed to the lower part of the conveying mechanism (3).

7. The engine cylinder head retainer press assembly production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism comprises a pushing drive unit and a pushing block driven by the pushing drive unit and capable of reciprocating in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction to adjust the left and right position of the engine cylinder head (5); the pressing blocking mechanism (17) comprises a blocking drive unit (17.1) and a blocking block (17.2) driven by the blocking drive unit (17.1) and capable of lifting up and down to block the engine cylinder head (5) from advancing in the conveying direction; the lifting mechanism (18) comprises a lifting drive unit (18.1) and a lifting unit (18.2) driven by the lifting drive unit (18.1) and capable of reciprocating in a direction to drive the engine cylinder head (5) to lift and lower.

8. The engine cylinder head retainer press assembly production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing head (8) comprises a columnar mounting seat (8.1) having an axial internal space, one end of the floating material picking and pressing rod (9) is coaxially located inside the columnar mounting seat (8.1), an elastic member (19) is connected between one end of the floating material picking and pressing rod (9) and the columnar mounting seat (8.1), and the elastic member (19) is coaxially arranged with the floating material picking and pressing rod (9) and the columnar mounting seat (18.1), and a picking ring (20) is fixed to the other end of the floating material picking and pressing rod (9), and the other end of the floating material picking and pressing rod (9) can be inserted into the pin hole of the engine cylinder head retainer (4), and the engine cylinder head retainer (4) is removed from the component loading station (1) by the friction between the picking ring (20) and the wall of the pin hole.

9. An engine cylinder head retainer press-fitting method based on the engine cylinder head retainer press-fitting production line according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It includes: The engine cylinder head holder (4) is loaded by the component loading station (1) and conveyed to the position to be picked up corresponding to the picking and pressing station (2). The picking and pressing robot (6) drives the hand claw (7) to move, so that the floating picking and pressing rod (9) of the pressing head (8) is inserted into the pin hole of the engine cylinder head holder (4), and the engine cylinder head holder (4) is taken out from the component loading station (1). When the engine cylinder head (5) reaches the pressing position of the picking and pressing station (2) through the conveying mechanism (3), the engine cylinder head (5) is blocked by the positioning and lifting mechanism, and the left and right positions are adjusted and then lifted. The picking and pressing robot (6) drives the hand claw (7) to move, and the pressing head (8) brings the engine cylinder head holder (4) to the pressing position, and the floating picking and pressing rod (9) presses the engine cylinder head holder (4) onto the engine cylinder head (5).

10. The engine cylinder head retainer press-assembly method of the engine cylinder head retainer press-assembly production line according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes: when the engine cylinder head (5) reaches the pressing position of the material picking and pressing station (2) through the conveying mechanism (3), the position of the engine cylinder head (5) is detected to determine whether the engine cylinder head (5) has reached the set position, and if not, an alarm is issued; after the engine cylinder head retainer (4) is pressed onto the engine cylinder head (5) by the floating material picking and pressing rod (9), it is detected whether the pressing of the entire engine cylinder head retainer (4) is completed, and if not, an alarm is issued.

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