Differential mechanism bolt automatic tightening robot

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic differential bolt tightening machine and relates to the technical field of tightening machines, the automatic differential bolt tightening machine comprises a bottom plate and a tightening assembly, the tightening assembly comprises a first support, two second supports, two square frame plates and two tightening shafts, and a lifting assembly enabling the first support to linearly move up and down is arranged on the plate face of the bottom plate. A first moving assembly enabling the two second supports to transversely move is arranged at the top of the first support, and the two square frames are arranged on the two second supports correspondingly. Floating design is adopted for the tightening shaft, in the process of downwards moving the tightening shaft, the screw head of the bolt makes contact with part of the contact rods of the tightening head, the screw head of the bolt makes contact with part of the contact rods, and the tightening shaft moves in the horizontal plane till the screw head of the bolt makes contact with the six contact rods; due to the fact that the six contact rods are distributed on the tightening head at equal intervals in a hexagonal mode, the tightening head and the bolt are coaxially arranged at the moment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tightening machines, in particular to an automatic tightening machine for differential bolts. Background Art

[0002] Tightening the toothed bolts is an important step in the process of press-fitting the gears of automobile differentials. However, this step requires a large number of bolts to be tightened, which is relatively cumbersome, and there are process requirements for the tightening force and tightening angle of each bolt.

[0003] After searching, the Chinese patent with the authorization announcement number CN118905624A discloses a new type of automobile differential gear bolt tightening machine, including a workbench and a tightening platform and a tooling platform arranged on the workbench; the tightening platform is located above the tooling platform, and the tooling platform is located below the tightening platform, including a differential fixing tool, a tooling positioning plate and a rotating table servo motor, the differential fixing tool is installed on the tooling positioning plate, the tooling positioning plate is arranged on the rotating table, the rotating table is connected to the rotating table servo motor, and the rotating table can rotate under the drive of the rotating table servo motor. This patent achieves the compatibility of the equipment by replacing different differential fixing tools to fix different models of differentials.

[0004] Based on the above search and the prior art, it is found that generally a tightening shaft is provided in a tightening machine to tighten the bolts, but the problem of finding the cap is not considered, that is, how the tightening machine aligns the screw head of the bolt. If the tightening machine is not coaxial with the bolt, the tightening work cannot be completed smoothly. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic differential bolt tightening robot to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an automatic tightening machine for differential bolts, comprising a base plate and a tightening assembly, wherein the tightening assembly comprises a first bracket, two second brackets, two frame plates and two tightening shafts, the plate surface of the base plate is provided with a lifting assembly for enabling the first bracket to move up and down linearly, the top of the first bracket is provided with a first moving assembly for enabling the two second brackets to move laterally, the two frames are respectively provided on the two second brackets, and the outer side of the second bracket is provided with a second moving assembly for enabling the frame plate to move longitudinally;

[0007] The top of the square frame plate is provided with two rectangular frames distributed orthogonally, and two ends of the rectangular frames are slidably plugged with T-shaped guide rails, and the T-shaped guide rails are fixed to the square frame plate. A fixed block is slidably plugged at the overlap of the two rectangular frames, and the top and bottom of the fixed block are fixed with limited space frames. The top of the fixed block is provided with a mounting hole, and the outer side of the tightening shaft is fixedly installed in the mounting hole;

[0008] A tightening head is fixed to the output end of the tightening shaft, a hexagonal socket coaxially arranged with the output end of the tightening shaft is provided at the bottom of the tightening head, and a feeding assembly is provided below the tightening assembly;

[0009] A sliding groove is provided in the middle of each of the six surfaces of the inner hexagonal groove, a vertical rod is slidably inserted inside the sliding groove, a recess is provided at the bottom of the vertical rod, and a contact rod is rotatably installed inside the recess, a pulling structure that applies pulling force to one end of the contact rod is provided on one side of the vertical rod, and a pushing structure that applies downward force to each vertical rod is provided on the outer side of the tightening shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a fixed frame fixed to the base plate, a screw lift is fixedly installed on the outer side of the fixed frame, a movable end of the screw lift is fixed to the first bracket, a third slider is fixed on both sides of the first bracket, a third guide rail adapted to the third slider is fixed on both sides of the fixed frame, and the first bracket is slidably mounted on the third guide rail via the third slider.

[0011] Preferably, a group of sprockets are rotatably installed on both sides of the top of the fixed frame, each group of sprockets is provided with a chain, one end of the chain is fixed to the first bracket, and the other ends of the chains on the two groups of sprockets are commonly fixed to a counterweight box, and a plurality of counterweight plates are placed inside the counterweight box.

[0012] Preferably, the loading assembly includes a conveyor roller and a lifting mechanism, the conveyor roller is a double-track type, and a workpiece placing mechanism is placed on the roller of the conveyor roller, wherein the placing mechanism includes a pallet and a fixture fixed on the pallet, and the lifting mechanism is arranged below the conveyor roller.

[0013] Preferably, the jacking mechanism includes a bottom bracket fixed to the bottom plate, the bottom bracket is located directly below the tightening assembly, positioning plates are fixed at the four corners of the top of the bottom bracket, a vertically arranged fourth guide rail is fixed to the outer side of the positioning plate, the track sliding sleeve of the fourth guide rail is provided with a fourth slider matched with it, a lifting platform is commonly fixed to the outer sides of the four fourth sliders, a plurality of fifth guide rails are fixed to the top of the bottom bracket, the outer sliding sleeve of the fifth guide rail is provided with a fifth slider matched with it, a platform is commonly fixed to the outer sides of each of the fifth sliders, inclined blocks are fixed at the four corners of the platform, four pulleys are rotatably installed at the bottom of the lifting platform, the wheel surfaces of the four pulleys are respectively in contact with the inclined surfaces of the four inclined blocks, a third linear motor is fixed to the top of the bottom bracket, and the moving end of the third linear motor is fixed to the platform.

[0014] Preferably, the tension structure includes a tension spring, which is a double-hook spring, a first hanging groove is opened on the outer side of the vertical rod, a second hanging groove is opened on the outer side of the contact rod, and two ends of the tension spring are hung in the first hanging groove and the second hanging groove respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the pushing structure includes a ring slidably mounted on the output end of the tightening shaft, the top of each vertical rod is fixed to the ring, a rotating ring is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the outer shell of the tightening shaft, and a reset spring is fixed to the ring and the rotating ring.

[0016] Preferably, a limiting plate is fixed on the outer side of the contact rod, and a hook head which is an integral structure with the contact rod is provided on the top end of the contact rod.

[0017] Preferably, a plurality of spring support rods are fixed to the bottom of the first bracket, and a pressing plate is commonly fixed to the bottom ends of the plurality of spring support rods.

[0018] Preferably, the first moving assembly includes two first linear motors both fixed to the first bracket, the moving ends of the two first linear motors are respectively fixed to the two second brackets, two first sliders are fixed to both sides of the bottom of the two second brackets, and two first guide rails are fixed to the top of the first bracket; the bottom of the second bracket is slidably mounted on the first guide rail via the first slider;

[0019] Wherein, the second moving assembly comprises two second linear motors, and the housings of the two second linear motors are respectively fixed on two second brackets;

[0020] Among them, multiple second guide rails are fixed on one side of the second bracket, and a second slider is slidably installed on the track of the second guide rail. A connecting plate is commonly fixed to the outer side of each second slider, and the connecting plate is fixed to the frame plate. The moving end of the second linear motor is fixed to the connecting plate.

[0021] The present invention provides an automatic differential bolt tightening machine through improvement, which has the following improvements and advantages compared with the prior art:

[0022] First, the tightening shaft of the present invention adopts a floating design. When the tightening shaft is moved downward, the screw head of the bolt will contact part of the contact rod of the tightening head, and the screw head of the bolt will contact part of the contact rod. The tightening shaft moves in a horizontal plane until the screw head of the bolt contacts the six contact rods. Since the six contact rods are equidistantly distributed hexagonally on the tightening head, the tightening head and the bolt are coaxially arranged at this time.

[0023] Second, the six contact rods of the present invention can rotate, and the six contact rods are respectively located at the middle position of each of the six inner surfaces of the tightening shaft. When the tightening head and the bolt are coaxial, the tightening head continues to move downward, and the screw head of the bolt pushes the contact rod to rotate the contact rod until the contact rod is in a vertical state. At this time, the contact rod contacts the six surfaces of the screw head, and the contact rod drives the output shaft of the tightening shaft to rotate, so that the tightening head can be smoothly sleeved on the screw head of the bolt. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lifting assembly of the present invention from a first viewing angle;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lifting assembly of the present invention from a second viewing angle;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the jacking mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the workpiece placement mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tightening assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom area of ​​the first bracket of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tightening shaft of the present invention;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom end area of ​​the tightening shaft of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the tightening head of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical rod, the contact rod and the tension structure of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.12It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the contact rod of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rectangular frame, T-shaped guide rail, fixing block and square frame plate of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structures of the fixing block and the limiting frame of the present invention.

[0039] Reference numerals:

[0040] 1. Bottom plate; 2. Conveyor roller; 3. Workpiece placement mechanism; 301. Tray; 302. Fixture; 4. Tightening assembly; 401. First bracket; 402. Second bracket; 403. First guide rail; 404. First slider; 405. First linear motor; 406. Second guide rail; 407. Second slider; 408. Tightening shaft; 409. Second linear motor; 410. Spring support rod; 411. Press plate; 412. Connecting plate; 413. Rotating ring; 414. Reset spring; 415. Sleeve ring; 416. Tightening head; 417. Hexagon socket; 418. Vertical rod; 419. First hanging groove; 420. Tension spring; 421. Second hanging groove; 422. Contact Rod; 423, limit plate; 424, hook; 425, square plate; 426, rectangular frame; 427, T-shaped guide rail; 428, limit frame; 429, fixed block; 430, mounting hole; 5, lifting assembly; 501, fixed frame; 502, screw lift; 503, third slider; 504, third guide rail; 505, chain; 506, sprocket; 507, counterweight box; 6, lifting mechanism; 601, bottom bracket; 602, positioning plate; 603, fourth guide rail; 604, fourth slider; 605, third linear motor; 606, platform; 607, inclined block; 608, fifth slider; 609, fifth guide rail; 610, lifting platform; 611, pulley. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention is described in detail below, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] The present invention provides an automatic differential bolt tightening machine through improvement. The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0043] like Figures 1 to 14As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic tightening robot for differential bolts, comprising a base plate 1 and a tightening assembly 4, the tightening assembly 4 comprising a first bracket 401, two second brackets 402, two frame plates 425 and two tightening shafts 408, the plate surface of the base plate 1 is provided with a lifting assembly 5 for enabling the first bracket 401 to move up and down linearly, the top of the first bracket 401 is provided with a first moving assembly for enabling the two second brackets 402 to move laterally, the two frames are respectively provided on the two second brackets 402, and the outer side of the second bracket 402 is provided with a second moving assembly for enabling the frame plate 425 to move longitudinally;

[0044] Two orthogonally distributed rectangular frames 426 are arranged on the top of the square frame plate 425, and T-shaped guide rails 427 are slidably inserted at both ends of the rectangular frames 426. The T-shaped guide rails 427 are fixed to the square frame plate 425. A fixed block 429 is slidably inserted at the overlap of the two rectangular frames 426. The top and bottom of the fixed block 429 are fixed with a limit frame 428. A mounting hole 430 is opened on the top of the fixed block 429, and the outer side of the tightening shaft 408 is fixedly installed in the mounting hole 430. It can be seen from the above description that the entire fixed block 429 can maintain its original state (the fixed block 429 cannot rotate) and move to any point in the frame of the square frame plate 425 in the horizontal plane, that is, the tightening shaft 408 moves to any point in the frame of the square frame plate 425 in the horizontal plane;

[0045] A tightening head 416 is fixed to the output end of the tightening shaft 408, and a hexagonal groove 417 coaxially arranged with the output end of the tightening shaft 408 is provided at the bottom of the tightening head 416. A feeding assembly for feeding is provided below the tightening assembly 4;

[0046] A slide groove is provided at the middle position of the six faces of the inner hexagonal groove 417, and a vertical rod 418 is slidably inserted inside the slide groove. A notch is provided at the bottom of the vertical rod 418, and a contact rod 422 is rotatably installed inside the notch. A tension structure that applies tension to one end of the contact rod 422 is provided on one side of the vertical rod 418, and a pushing structure that applies downward force to each vertical rod 418 is provided on the outer side of the tightening shaft 408. In the process of moving the tightening shaft 408 downward, the screw head of the bolt will contact the part of the contact rod 422 of the tightening head 416, and the screw head of the bolt will contact the part of the contact rod 422 of the tightening head 416. 22 contact, the contact rod 422 is forced to drive the entire tightening shaft 408 to move. Since the entire fixed block 429 can maintain its original state (the fixed block 429 cannot rotate) and move to any point in the frame of the square plate 425 in the horizontal plane, the tightening shaft 408 can maintain its original state. The tightening shaft 408 moves to any point in the frame of the square plate 425 in the horizontal plane until the bolt head contacts the six contact rods 422. Since the six contact rods 422 are equidistantly distributed hexagonally on the tightening head 416, the tightening head 416 and the bolt are now coaxially arranged.

[0047] Specifically, in combination with Figure 2 As shown, the lifting assembly 5 includes a fixed frame 501 fixed to the base plate 1, and a screw lift 502 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the fixed frame 501. The screw lift 502 here is the existing technology, that is, the moving end is controlled to move up and down by a screw transmission form. The screw lift 502 is not elaborated in detail and the specific structure is not elaborated here. The moving end of the screw lift 502 is fixed to the first bracket 401, and a third slider 503 is fixed on both sides of the first bracket 401. A third guide rail 504 adapted to the third slider 503 is fixed on both sides of the fixed frame 501. The first bracket 401 is slidably installed on the third guide rail 504 through the third slider 503. The third slider 503 and the third guide rail 504 are arranged to improve the stability of the movement of the first bracket 401. It can be seen from the above connection relationship that the moving end on the screw lift 502 enables the first bracket 401 to slide up and down on the third guide rail 504.

[0048] Specifically, in combination with Figure 3 As shown, a group of sprockets 506 are rotatably installed on both sides of the top of the fixed frame 501, and a chain 505 is sleeved on each group of sprockets 506, one end of the chain 505 is fixed to the first bracket 401, and the other ends of the chains 505 on the two groups of sprockets 506 are commonly fixed with a counterweight box 507, and a plurality of counterweight plates are placed inside the counterweight box 507; it can be seen from the above connection relationship that the chain 505 on the sprocket 506 is a force guiding structure, and the gravity of the counterweight box 507 exerts a pulling force on the first bracket 401 through the chain 505, and the weight of the counterweight plate is consistent with or slightly less than the weight of the entire tightening assembly 4, which can reduce the load on the moving end of the screw elevator 502, thereby ensuring that the screw of the screw elevator 502 will not be deformed.

[0049] Specifically, in combination with Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 4 and attached Figure 5 As shown, the loading assembly includes a conveyor roller 2 and a lifting mechanism 6. The conveyor roller 2 is a double-track type. The conveyor roller 2 is a prior art. The structure is not specifically shown in the figure. The conveyor roller 2 and the specific structure are not described in detail here. At the same time, the model of the conveyor roller 2 is not limited. The roller of the conveyor roller 2 is placed with a workpiece placement mechanism 3, wherein the placement mechanism includes a tray 301 and a fixture 302 fixed on the tray 301. The fixture 302 is a non-standard part and can be customized according to actual production. Figure 5The figure shows a non-standard structure. The specific structure of the fixture 302 is not limited here and can be replaced accordingly. The lifting mechanism 6 is arranged below the conveyor roller 2. It can be seen from the upper connection relationship that the gear and the differential plate are pre-fixed by bolts. At this time, the bolts are only screwed in at one end. This process is a pre-tightening process in the prior art. Then, the pallet 301 is placed on the fixture 302, and the pallet 301 is placed on the roller of the conveyor roller 2. The conveyor roller 2 transports the pallet 301 to the top of the lifting mechanism 6.

[0050] Specifically, in combination with Figure 4 As shown, the lifting mechanism 6 includes a bottom bracket 601 fixed to the bottom plate 1, the bottom bracket 601 is located directly below the tightening component 4, positioning plates 602 are fixed at the four corners of the top of the bottom bracket 601, a fourth guide rail 603 arranged vertically is fixed on the outer side of the positioning plate 602, the track sliding sleeve of the fourth guide rail 603 is provided with a fourth slider 604 adapted thereto, a lifting platform 610 is fixed to the outer sides of the four fourth sliders 604, the fourth guide rail 603 and the fourth slider 604 are provided so that the lifting platform 610 can only move up and down relative to the bottom bracket 601; a plurality of fifth guide rails 609 are fixed to the top of the bottom bracket 601, the outer sliding sleeve of the fifth guide rail 609 is provided with a fifth slider 608 adapted thereto, a platform 606 is fixed to the outer sides of each fifth slider 608, the fifth guide rail 609 and the fourth slider 604 are provided with a fifth slider 608 adapted thereto, The five sliders 608 are arranged to enable the platform 606 to move horizontally and linearly only relative to the bottom bracket 601; inclined blocks 607 are fixed at the four corners of the platform 606, and four pulleys 611 are rotatably installed at the bottom of the lifting platform 610, and the wheel surfaces of the four pulleys 611 are respectively in contact with the inclined surfaces of the four inclined blocks 607, and a third linear motor 605 is fixed on the top of the bottom bracket 601, and the moving end of the third linear motor 605 is fixed to the platform 606; it can be seen from the upper connection relationship that the third linear motor 605 enables the platform 606 to move horizontally and linearly along the fifth guide rail 609 through the moving end, and the inclined plate on the platform 606 moves with the platform 606, and the pulley 611 at the bottom of the lifting platform 610 moves upward along the inclined surface of the inclined plate, at which time the lifting platform 610 is lifted up, and the lifting platform 610 pushes the tray 301 away from the roller of the conveyor roller 2.

[0051] Specifically, in combination with Figure 9-12As shown, the tension structure includes a tension spring 420, which is a double-hook spring. A first hanging groove 419 is provided on the outer side of the vertical rod 418, and a second hanging groove 421 is provided on the outer side of the contact rod 422. Both ends of the tension spring 420 are hung in the first hanging groove 419 and the second hanging groove 421 respectively. The pushing structure includes a collar 415 slidably sleeved on the output end of the tightening shaft 408. The top of each vertical rod 418 is fixed to the collar 415. A rotating ring 413 is rotatably installed at the bottom end of the outer shell of the tightening shaft 408. A reset spring 414 is fixed to the collar 415 and the rotating ring 413 together. It can be seen from the above connection relationship that when the tightening head 416 and the bolt are coaxial, the tightening head 416 continues to move downward, and the screw head of the bolt pushes the contact rod 422 to Fig.11 For example, the contact rod 422 is rotated counterclockwise until the contact rod 422 is in a vertical state. At this time, the contact rod 422 contacts the six surfaces of the screw head, and the contact rod 422 drives the output shaft of the tightening shaft 408 to rotate, so that the hexagonal groove 417 of the tightening head 416 can be smoothly aligned with the hexagonal screw head of the bolt; a limiting plate 423 is fixed to the outer side of the contact rod 422, and a hook head 424 is provided on the top of the contact rod 422 with an integral structure therewith, the hexagonal groove 417 of the tightening head 416 is aligned with the hexagonal screw head of the bolt, and the tightening head 416 continues to move downward, and the hexagonal screw head of the bolt contacts the contact rod 422 and the hook head 424, thereby pushing the contact rod 422 and the vertical rod 418 to move upward, and the vertical rod 418 pushes the ring 415, and the ring 415 moves upward until the hexagonal screw head of the bolt enters the hexagonal groove 417 of the tightening head 416.

[0052] Specifically, in combination with Figure 6 and attached Figure 7As shown, a plurality of spring support rods 410 are fixed to the bottom of the first bracket 401, and a pressure plate 411 is fixed to the bottom ends of the plurality of spring support rods 410. The first moving assembly includes two first linear motors 405 fixed to the first bracket 401, and the moving ends of the two first linear motors 405 are respectively fixed to the two second brackets 402. Two first sliders 404 are fixed to both sides of the bottom of the two second brackets 402, and two first guide rails 403 are fixed to the top of the first bracket 401; the bottom of the second bracket 402 is slidably mounted on the first guide rail 403 through the first slider 404; wherein, the second moving assembly includes two second linear motors 409, and the shells of the two second linear motors 409 are respectively fixed to the two second brackets. The second bracket 402 is on a rack 402; wherein, a plurality of second guide rails 406 are fixed on one side of the second bracket 402, and a second slider 407 is slidably installed on the track of the second guide rail 406, and a connecting plate 412 is commonly fixed to the outer side of each second slider 407, and the connecting plate 412 is fixed to the square frame plate 425, and the moving end of the second linear motor 409 is fixed to the connecting plate 412; it can be seen from the above connection relationship that the first linear motor 405 drives the second bracket 402 to move horizontally through the moving end, and the second linear motor 409 drives the connecting plate 412 to move longitudinally through the moving end, and the square frame plate 425 on the connecting plate 412 moves synchronously with the connecting plate 412, so that the output shaft of the tightening shaft 408 on the square frame plate 425 is roughly aligned with the bolt.

[0053] To supplement the above, the first linear motor 405, the second linear motor 409 and the third linear motor 605 are all prior art, and the first linear motor 405, the second linear motor 409 and the third linear motor 605 are not described in detail or their specific structures are not described here, and the models of the first linear motor 405, the second linear motor 409 and the third linear motor 605 are not limited.

[0054] Working principle: the gear and the differential plate are pre-fixed by bolts. At this time, the bolts are only screwed into one end. This process is a pre-tightening process in the prior art. Then, the pallet 301 is placed on the fixture 302. The pallet 301 is placed on the roller of the conveyor roller 2. The conveyor roller 2 transports the pallet 301 to the top of the lifting mechanism 6.

[0055] The third linear motor 605 moves the platform 606 horizontally and linearly along the fifth guide rail 609 through the moving end, and the inclined plate on the platform 606 moves with the platform 606. The pulley 611 at the bottom of the lifting platform 610 moves upward along the inclined surface of the inclined plate. At this time, the lifting platform 610 is lifted up, and the lifting platform 610 lifts the tray 301 away from the roller of the conveying roller 2.

[0056] The first linear motor 405 drives the second bracket 402 to move horizontally through the moving end, and the second linear motor 409 drives the connecting plate 412 to move longitudinally through the moving end, and the square frame plate 425 on the connecting plate 412 moves synchronously with the connecting plate 412, so that the output shaft of the tightening shaft 408 on the square frame plate 425 is roughly aligned with the bolt;

[0057] The moving end of the screw lift 502 makes the first bracket 401 slide downward, at which time the pressure plate 411 contacts the differential, the spring branch rod is compressed, and a reaction force is generated, so that the pressure plate 411 presses the differential;

[0058] The tightening shaft 408 continues to move downward. In the process of moving the tightening shaft 408 downward, the screw head of the bolt will contact part of the contact rod 422 of the tightening head 416, and the screw head of the bolt will contact part of the contact rod 422. The contact rod 422 is forced to drive the entire tightening shaft 408 to move. Since the entire fixed block 429 can maintain its original state (the fixed block 429 cannot rotate) and move to any point in the frame of the square plate 425 in the horizontal plane, the tightening shaft 408 can maintain its original state and move to any point in the frame of the square plate 425 in the horizontal plane until the screw head of the bolt contacts the six contact rods 422. Since the six contact rods 422 are equidistantly distributed hexagonally on the tightening head 416, the tightening head 416 and the bolt are now coaxially arranged.

[0059] When the tightening head 416 is coaxial with the bolt, the tightening head 416 continues to move downward, and the screw head of the bolt pushes the contact rod 422 to Fig.11 For example, the contact rod 422 is rotated counterclockwise until the contact rod 422 is in a vertical state. At this time, the contact rod 422 contacts the six surfaces of the screw head. The contact rod 422 drives the output shaft of the tightening shaft 408 to rotate, so that the inner hexagonal groove 417 of the tightening head 416 can be smoothly aligned with the hexagonal screw head of the bolt. The inner hexagonal groove 417 of the tightening head 416 is aligned with the hexagonal screw head of the bolt. The tightening head 416 continues to move downward, and the hexagonal screw head of the bolt contacts the contact rod 422 and the hook head 424, thereby pushing the contact rod 422 and the vertical rod 418 to move upward, and the vertical rod 418 pushes the collar 415, and the collar 415 moves upward until the hexagonal screw head of the bolt enters the inner hexagonal groove 417 of the tightening head 416, and then the tightening work begins.

[0060] After the tightening is completed, the tightening shaft 408 and the lifting platform 610 are reset, and the conveyor roller 2 transports a new pallet 301 to be placed directly above the lifting mechanism 6, and the above steps are repeated.

[0061] The above description enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A differential bolt automatic tightening robot, comprising a base plate (1) and a tightening assembly (4), characterized in that: The tightening assembly (4) comprises a first bracket (401), two second brackets (402), two square frame plates (425) and two tightening shafts (408); the plate surface of the bottom plate (1) is provided with a lifting assembly (5) for enabling the first bracket (401) to move linearly up and down; the top of the first bracket (401) is provided with a first moving assembly for enabling the two second brackets (402) to move horizontally; the two square frames are respectively provided on the two second brackets (402); and the outer side of the second bracket (402) is provided with a second moving assembly for enabling the square frame plate (425) to move longitudinally; Two orthogonally distributed rectangular frames (426) are arranged on the top of the square frame plate (425), T-shaped guide rails (427) are slidably inserted at both ends of the rectangular frames (426), the T-shaped guide rails (427) are fixed to the square frame plate (425), a fixed block (429) is slidably inserted at the overlap of the two rectangular frames (426), the top and bottom of the fixed block (429) are fixed with a limit frame (428), a mounting hole (430) is opened on the top of the fixed block (429), and the outer side of the tightening shaft (408) is fixedly installed in the mounting hole (430); A tightening head (416) is fixed to the output end of the tightening shaft (408), a hexagonal socket (417) coaxially arranged with the output end of the tightening shaft (408) is provided at the bottom of the tightening head (416), and a feeding assembly is arranged below the tightening assembly (4); A sliding groove is provided at the middle position of the six surfaces of the hexagonal groove (417), and a vertical rod (418) is slidably inserted inside the sliding groove. A recess is provided at the bottom of the vertical rod (418), and a contact rod (422) is rotatably installed inside the recess. A pulling structure for applying a pulling force to one end of the contact rod (422) is provided on one side of the vertical rod (418), and a pushing structure for applying a downward force to each vertical rod (418) is provided on the outer side of the tightening shaft (408).

2. The automatic differential bolt tightening robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (5) comprises a fixed frame (501) fixed to the bottom plate (1); a screw lifter (502) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the fixed frame (501); a movable end of the screw lifter (502) is fixed to the first bracket (401); third sliders (503) are fixed on both sides of the first bracket (401); third guide rails (504) adapted to the third sliders (503) are fixed on both sides of the fixed frame (501); and the first bracket (401) is slidably mounted on the third guide rails (504) via the third sliders (503).

3. The automatic differential bolt tightening robot according to claim 2, characterized in that: A group of sprockets (506) are rotatably mounted on both sides of the top of the fixed frame (501), and a chain (505) is sleeved on each group of sprockets (506). One end of the chain (505) is fixed to the first bracket (401), and the other ends of the chains (505) on the two groups of sprockets (506) are commonly fixed with a counterweight box (507), and a plurality of counterweight plates are placed inside the counterweight box (507).

4. The automatic differential bolt tightening robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading assembly comprises a conveyor roller (2) and a lifting mechanism (6); the conveyor roller (2) is a double-track type; a workpiece placement mechanism (3) is placed on the roller of the conveyor roller (2); wherein the placement mechanism comprises a tray (301) and a fixture (302) fixed on the tray (301); and the lifting mechanism (6) is arranged below the conveyor roller (2).

5. The automatic differential bolt tightening robot according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (6) comprises a bottom bracket (601) fixed to the bottom plate (1), the bottom bracket (601) being located directly below the tightening assembly (4), positioning plates (602) being fixed at the four corners of the top of the bottom bracket (601), a fourth guide rail (603) being vertically arranged being fixed on the outer side of the positioning plate (602), a track sliding sleeve of the fourth guide rail (603) being provided with a fourth slider (604) matching therewith, a lifting platform (610) being fixed to the outer sides of the four fourth sliders (604), a plurality of fifth guide rails (603) being fixed on the top of the bottom bracket (601), and a plurality of fifth guide rails (604) being fixed on the outer side of the fourth sliders (604). 9), the outer sliding sleeve of the fifth guide rail (609) is provided with a fifth slider (608) matched therewith, a platform (606) is commonly fixed on the outer side of each of the fifth sliders (608), and inclined blocks (607) are fixed at the four corners of the platform (606), and four pulleys (611) are rotatably installed at the bottom of the lifting platform (610), and the wheel surfaces of the four pulleys (611) are respectively in contact with the inclined surfaces of the four inclined blocks (607), and a third linear motor (605) is fixed on the top of the bottom bracket (601), and the moving end of the third linear motor (605) is fixed to the platform (606).

6. The automatic differential bolt tightening robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tension structure comprises a tension spring (420), which is a double-hook spring. A first hanging groove (419) is provided on the outer side of the vertical rod (418), and a second hanging groove (421) is provided on the outer side of the contact rod (422). Two ends of the tension spring (420) are respectively hung in the first hanging groove (419) and the second hanging groove (421).

7. The automatic differential bolt tightening robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing structure comprises a collar (415) slidably mounted on the output end of the tightening shaft (408), the top end of each of the vertical rods (418) is fixed to the collar (415), a rotating ring (413) is rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the outer shell of the tightening shaft (408), and a return spring (414) is fixed to the collar (415) and the rotating ring (413) together.

8. The automatic differential bolt tightening robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting plate (423) is fixed on the outer side of the contact rod (422), and a hook head (424) integrally formed therewith is provided at the top end of the contact rod (422).

9. The automatic differential bolt tightening robot according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of spring support rods (410) are fixed to the bottom of the first bracket (401), and a pressing plate (411) is commonly fixed to the bottom ends of the plurality of spring support rods (410).

10. The automatic differential bolt tightening robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first moving assembly comprises two first linear motors (405) both fixed to the first bracket (401); the moving ends of the two first linear motors (405) are respectively fixed to the two second brackets (402); two first sliders (404) are fixed to both sides of the bottom of the two second brackets (402); and two first guide rails (403) are fixed to the top of the first bracket (401); the bottom of the second bracket (402) is slidably mounted on the first guide rail (403) via the first slider (404); Wherein, the second moving assembly comprises two second linear motors (409), and the shells of the two second linear motors (409) are respectively fixed on two second brackets (402); A plurality of second guide rails (406) are fixed to one side of the second bracket (402), a second slider (407) is slidably mounted on the track of the second guide rail (406), a connecting plate (412) is commonly fixed to the outer side of each second slider (407), the connecting plate (412) is fixed to the frame plate (425), and the moving end of the second linear motor (409) is fixed to the connecting plate (412).

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