A drilling mechanism for reducer processing

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling instruments, and discloses a drilling mechanism for processing based on a reduction gearbox, including: an operating table, a drilling component, a clamping component, and a linear driving component. The clamping component includes a sliding seat slidably disposed on the top surface of the operating table, a clamping table disposed on the sliding seat, a rotating assembly, and a pressing assembly. The top surface of the clamping table is provided with a limiting block adapted to the outer side of the reduction gearbox housing and a plurality of through-type correction grooves. The pressing assembly includes a pressing member disposed above the clamping table, a correction member fixed to the bottom of the pressing member, and a linear telescopic member connected to the sliding seat and driving the pressing member to move up and down. The pressing assembly provided by the present invention, in addition to being used for pressing and fixing the reduction gearbox housing, automatically compensates for mechanical errors during the rotation indexing of the clamping table through the forced sliding fit between the correction member and the correction groove, ensuring that the clamping table is accurately reset to the standard position before each drilling, and significantly improving the assembly consistency of the connection holes of the reduction gearbox housing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling instruments, and more specifically, it relates to a drilling mechanism for processing based on a speed reducer. Background Art

[0002] A speed reducer is a core transmission device that realizes power transmission and speed regulation through gear meshing or worm and worm gear transmission. Its main function is to convert the high-speed and low-torque output of a prime mover (such as an electric motor or an internal combustion engine) into a low-speed and high-torque output to meet the specific power characteristic requirements of industrial equipment. A typical structure includes core components such as an input shaft, an output shaft, a gear pair (or worm and worm gear), a housing, and bearings. It is widely used in fields such as construction machinery, automated production lines, and transportation equipment. While ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the power system, it realizes the optimized control of mechanical energy transmission by precisely matching the load characteristics, and is a key basic component of the power transmission system of modern industrial equipment.

[0003] In the production process of a speed reducer housing, the high-precision drilling process of the connecting end face is a key technical link to achieve reliable bolt connection with other components. Existing drilling components usually clamp and fix the housing with a fixture, and then align the surface to be machined with the drill bit by rotating the fixture for drilling. Although such equipment relies on an automatic control system to achieve angle adjustment, under long-term high-load working conditions, its rotating transmission mechanism is prone to mechanical wear and component aging, resulting in a gradual attenuation of the rotating positioning accuracy. This systematic error will directly cause the actual machining position of the housing connection hole to deviate from the theoretical design coordinates, and further lead to fitting deviations during the component assembly process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drilling mechanism for processing based on a speed reducer to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned existing technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a drilling mechanism for processing based on a speed reducer, including: an operating table, a drilling component, a clamping component, and a linear driving component. The clamping component includes a sliding seat slidably arranged on the top surface of the operating table, a clamping table arranged on the sliding seat, a rotating assembly, and a pressing assembly; a limiting block and a number of through-type correction grooves adapted to the outer side of the speed reducer housing are arranged on the top surface of the clamping table; the pressing assembly includes a pressing member arranged above the clamping table, a correction member fixed to the bottom of the pressing member, and a linear telescopic member connected to the sliding seat and driving the pressing member to move up and down.

[0007] The bottom end of the correction member is provided with a contact body adapted to the shape of the correction groove. When the linear expansion member drives the pressing member to press down, the contact and extrusion between the correction member and the correction groove force the clamping table to rotate to the standard working position. At the same time, the pressing member applies a longitudinal fixing pressure to the top of the reducer housing.

[0008] Preferably, the correction member further includes a buffer pad provided at the top end of the contact body and a ball provided at the bottom end of the contact body. The contact body is conical, the correction groove has a U-shaped cross-section and its width decreases from top to bottom, and the top edge thereof is arc-shaped.

[0009] Preferably, the pressing member includes a support bottom plate, a pressing plate and a connecting portion. The support bottom plate and the pressing plate are vertically staggered and kept parallel, and are connected and fixed through the connecting portion.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the pressing plate is provided with a V-shaped protective fence, and its opening faces the drilling station to intercept debris.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting portion includes a rotating rod hinged to the support bottom plate and a limiting rod fixed to the end of the pressing plate. The top end of the rotating rod is movably hinged to the end of the pressing plate, and a spherical roller is provided at its bottom end. A torsion spring is provided between the hinged end of the rotating rod and the support bottom plate. The bottom end of the limiting rod slides on the support bottom plate, and the two are connected by a support spring. The protective fence and the pressing plate are connected by a return spring to automatically scrape debris when the pressing member rises.

[0012] Preferably, the linear expansion member is a cylinder fixed to one side of the sliding seat, and the rotating assembly is a servo motor fixed to the sliding seat.

[0013] Preferably, the number of the correction grooves is four and they are evenly distributed along the circumference of the clamping table.

[0014] Preferably, the linear driving member is a cylinder, which drives the sliding seat to move along the operating table slide rail to the preset drilling station.

[0015] Preferably, the rotating assembly is coaxially connected to the clamping table, and the rotation angle each time is 360° divided by the number of correction grooves.

[0016] Preferably, the connection between the contact body and the pressing member is a threaded connection.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] The pressing assembly provided by the present invention, in addition to being used for pressing and fixing the reduction housing, automatically compensates for mechanical errors during the rotation indexing of the clamping table through the forced sliding fit between the correction member and the correction groove, ensuring that the clamping table is accurately reset to the standard position before each drilling, and significantly improving the assembly consistency of the connection holes of the reducer housing;

[0019] In addition, through the integrated design of vertical pressing and lateral deviation correction of the pressing component, when clamping the housing, positioning and locking and error correction are synchronously achieved through a single linear drive, avoiding the cumulative error caused by traditional step-by-step operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling mechanism for reducer processing provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram among a drilling component, a clamping component and a linear drive component in a drilling mechanism for reducer processing provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 FIG. 14 is an exploded view of a clamping component in a drilling mechanism for reducer processing provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a correcting part in a drilling mechanism for reducer processing provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram between a pressing part and a correcting part in a drilling mechanism for reducer processing provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram between a pressing plate and a protective fence in a drilling mechanism for reducer processing provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 FIG. 30 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting part in a drilling mechanism for reducer processing provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 FIG. 34 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping component during use in a drilling mechanism for reducer processing provided by the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1, operating table; 2, drilling component; 3, clamping component; 31, sliding seat; 32, clamping table; 321, limiting block; 322, correcting groove; 33, rotating component; 34, pressing component; 341, pressing part; 3411, supporting bottom plate; 3412, pressing plate; 3413, protective fence; 3414, rotating rod; 3415, limiting rod; 3416, spherical roller; 3417, torsion spring; 3418, supporting spring; 3419, return spring; 342, correcting part; 3421, contact body; 3422, buffer pad; 3423, ball; 343, linear telescopic part; 4, linear drive component; 5, reducer housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] Reference will now be made to example embodiments to discuss the subject matter described herein. It should be understood that discussing these embodiments is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the subject matter described herein. Without departing from the scope of protection of the content of this specification, changes can be made to the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed. Each example can omit, substitute, or add various processes or components as needed. Additionally, the features described relative to some examples can also be combined in other examples.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , a drilling mechanism for the processing of a speed reducer, comprising: an operating table 1, a drilling component 2, a clamping component 3, and a linear driving component 4. Among them, the drilling component 2 is arranged on the operating table 1 and is used for drilling the speed reducer housing 5; the drilling component 2 includes a drill bit, a lifting component, a drill bit rotation driving component, etc. Since it belongs to the prior art, the structure is not specifically marked in the drawings, and the specific structure and principle will not be elaborated too much. The clamping component 3 is slidably arranged on the top surface of the operating table 1 and includes: a sliding seat 31, a clamping table 32, a rotating component 33, and a pressing component 34. The sliding seat 31 is slidably arranged on the slide rail on the top surface of the operating table 1 and can slide smoothly on the top surface of the operating table 1. The clamping table 32 is circular and is arranged above the sliding seat 31 and is used for fixing the speed reducer housing 5 to be drilled. A limiting block 321 for positioning the outer side of the speed reducer housing 5 is arranged on the top surface of the clamping table 32, and a number of through correction grooves 322 are arranged on the edge of the top surface of the clamping table 32. The number of the correction grooves 322 is the same as the number of drill holes required for the speed reducer housing 5, generally four, and is adjusted according to the actual situation. The rotating component 33 is installed on the sliding seat 31 and uses a servo motor. The sliding seat 31 and the clamping table 32 are connected through the rotating component 33 to realize the rotation of the clamping table 32, and the rotation angle each time is 360° divided by the number of the correction grooves 322.

[0031] Specifically, the pressing component 34 is arranged on one side of the sliding seat 31 and includes: a pressing member 341, a correcting member 342, and a linear telescopic member 343. Among them, the pressing member 341 is arranged above the clamping table 32 and is used to apply a downward pressure to the top of the speed reducer housing 5 installed on the clamping table 32, thereby further fixing the speed reducer housing 5 and preventing it from shaking longitudinally when being drilled. The correcting member 342 is arranged at the bottom of the pressing member 341 and can generate a lateral extrusion force on the clamping table 32 through cooperation and clamping with the correction groove 322 to achieve position deviation correction. The linear telescopic member 343 is arranged on the sliding seat 31, and its telescopic end is connected to the pressing member 341 and is used to drive the pressing member 341 to linearly lift and lower, generally using a cylinder. The linear driving component 4 is arranged on the operating table 1 and is used to drive the sliding seat 31 to linearly move to a preset drilling station, generally using a cylinder.

[0032] It should be noted that when the above-mentioned drilling component 2 is in use, first place the reducer housing 5 to be processed on the top surface of the clamping table 32. By contacting the limit block 321, the reducer housing 5 is positioned. Then, when the linear telescopic member 343 contracts, it can drive the pressing member 341 and the correcting member 342 to move downward together. When the bottom end of the correcting member 342 contacts the lower correcting groove 322, if the clamping table 32 is in the standard position, the correcting member 342 and the correcting groove 322 are in an up-and-down alignment state, so that the correcting member 342 will not generate a lateral force on the correcting groove 322 during the downward movement. After the linear telescopic member 343 contracts to the preset contraction amount, it just makes the correcting member 342 and the correcting groove 322 be completely docked. At this time, the correcting member 342 can play a positioning role for the clamping table 32, so that the clamping table 32 will not rotate during the subsequent translation to the processing station. And the bottom of the pressing member 341 also just moves downward to contact the top surface of the reducer housing 5, so that the reducer housing 5 is further fixed. If the clamping table 32 is not in the standard position, after the correcting member 342 moves downward and contacts the correcting groove 322, at this time the pressing member 341 has not yet contacted the reducer housing 5, and the correcting member 342 can generate a lateral extrusion force on the correcting groove 322, so that the clamping table 32 can rotate to the standard position. In this way, during the process of clamping and fixing the reducer housing 5, the position correction function of the clamping table 32 is synchronously realized, which is convenient for subsequent precise processing of the connecting holes. After the drilling component 2 completes a drilling operation, the linear telescopic member 343 drives the pressing member 341 and the correcting member 342 to move upward together, so that the correcting member 342 and the pressing member 341 are separated from the correcting groove 322 and the reducer housing 5 respectively. Then, the rotating assembly 33 drives the clamping table 32 to rotate a preset angle. If four connecting holes need to be processed, control the clamping table 32 to rotate 90 degrees, and then drive the correcting member 342 and the pressing member 341 to move downward together through the linear telescopic member 343. If the clamping table 32 is in the standard position at this time, the correcting member 342 directly locks the clamping table 32. If the clamping table 32 is not in the standard position, it will generate an extrusion force on the clamping table 32 to make it rotate to the standard position. By repeating such actions, it can be ensured that before each drilling, the reducer housing 5 is in the preset standard position, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the processing accuracy of the connecting holes.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 3 to 4, the correcting member 342 includes a conical contact body 3421 and a buffer pad 3422 fixed to the top of the contact body 3421. The buffer pad 3422 can be a rubber pad, which is mainly used to play a buffer protection role during the contact process between the contact body 3421 and the clamping table 32. At the bottom end of the contact body 3421, there are balls 3423. The balls 3423 can be made of stainless steel, which can reduce the friction force when the contact body 3421 contacts the correcting groove 322. The top end of the contact body 3421 is detachably connected to the bottom of the pressing member 341, such as by threaded connection, mating clamping, etc., which is convenient for replacing or repairing the contact body 3421. The cross-section of the correcting groove 322 is U-shaped, and its cross-sectional width decreases successively from top to bottom to match the conical contact body 3421. The top edge of the correcting groove 322 is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped edge is to facilitate contact with the contact body 3421, thereby generating an extrusion force.

[0034] It should be noted that when the above-mentioned correcting member 342 is in use, the contact body 3421 moves downward to contact the correcting groove 322. Since the contact body 3421 and the inner wall of the correcting groove 322 are adaptively arranged, if the two are in an aligned state, the contact body 3421 will directly dock with the correcting groove 322 and will not generate an extrusion force on the correcting groove 322. However, if the two are not aligned, since the moving path of the contact body 3421 is fixed up and down, it will generate an extrusion force on the inner wall of the correcting groove 322 during the downward movement, causing the clamping table 32 to rotate to the standard position. In this way, the correcting member 342 can not only ensure the rapid position correction of the clamping table 32 but also will not affect the normal pressing and fixing effect of the pressing assembly 34 on the reducer housing 5.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 , the pressing member 341 includes a supporting bottom plate 3411, a pressing plate 3412 and a connecting part. The supporting bottom plate 3411 and the pressing plate are vertically staggered and kept parallel, and are connected and fixed through the connecting part, so that a stable height difference is formed between the supporting bottom plate 3411 and the pressing plate 3412. At the bottom of the pressing plate 3412, there is a protection pad made of rubber, which can avoid abrasion to the reducer housing 5.

[0036] When the pressing member 341 is in use, the supporting bottom plate 3411 moves downward together with the linear telescopic member 343. Under the driving action of the connecting part, the pressing plate 3412 moves downward synchronously. After the correcting member 342 at the bottom of the supporting bottom plate 3411 is fully cooperated and docked with the correcting groove 322, the bottom of the pressing plate 3412 just contacts the top of the reducer housing 5. By contacting the non-punching position at the top of the reducer housing 5 through the pressing plate 3412, the reducer housing 5 is pressed and fixed.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6, in order to prevent debris from scattering towards the reducer housing 5 and its surroundings during the drilling process, based on the above solution, further optimization is carried out as follows: The end of the pressing plate 3412 is provided with a protective fence 3413, which is approximately V-shaped, and its opening faces the drilling station to intercept debris. After the pressing plate 3412 contacts the reducer housing 5, the protective fence 3413 is exactly aligned with the drilling station.

[0038] When the above solution is used, that is, the pressing plate 3412 is in contact with the top of the reducer housing 5 at this time, and the protective fence 3413 is also exactly at the position where the reducer housing 5 needs to be drilled, isolating the position where the reducer housing 5 needs to be drilled from the outside. During the subsequent drilling process, the generated debris will accumulate concentratedly inside the protective fence 3413, thereby avoiding the problem of debris splashing everywhere.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 5 to 7 , when the above protective fence 3413 is separated from the reducer housing 5, the accumulated debris will concentrate on the top of the reducer housing, which will affect the subsequent drilling operation. Therefore, based on the above solution, further optimization is carried out. The specific solution is as follows: The connecting part includes a rotating rod 3414 hinged to the support bottom plate 3411 and a limiting rod 3415 fixed to the end of the pressing plate 3412. The top end of the rotating rod 3414 is movably hinged to the end of the pressing plate 3412, and a spherical roller 3416 is provided at its bottom end. A torsion spring 3417 is provided between the hinged end of the rotating rod 3414 and the support bottom plate 3411. The bottom end of the limiting rod 3415 is slidably arranged on the support bottom plate 3411, and the two are connected by a support spring 3418. The protective fence 3413 and the pressing plate 3412 are connected by a return spring 3419 to automatically scrape off debris when the pressing member 341 rises.

[0040] When the above solution is used, refer to Figure 8The current state, at this time, the support spring 3418 is in a stretched state, while the return spring 3419 is in a compressed state, and the torsion spring 3417 is in a tightened state. During the process of the linear telescopic member 343 driving the pressing member 341 and the correcting member 342 to move upward, the rotating rod 3414 begins to rotate synchronously in the clockwise direction under the torsion of the torsion spring 3417. Under the rolling action of the spherical roller 3416, the friction between the bottom end of the rotating rod 3414 and the top surface of the clamping table 32 can be reduced. Due to the linear sliding limit of the limiting rod 3415, the pressing plate 3412 linearly slides to the right synchronously under the drive of the rotating rod 3414 and the combined action of the support spring 3418, and the support bottom plate 3411 and the pressing plate 3412 move upward gradually at the same time. At the same time, due to the downward elastic force of the return spring 3419 acting on the protective fence 3413, its bottom always contacts the top of the reducer housing 5. In this way, the protective fence 3413 can linearly slide in synchronization with the top of the reducer housing 5 during the upward movement of the pressing plate 3412, and then push the debris accumulated inside it outward, making the debris away from the top of the reducer housing 5. When the return spring 3419 returns to its initial state, the protective fence 3413 has translated out of the plane where the top of the reducer housing 5 is located, and the debris falls outside the top of the reducer housing 5 under the action of gravity. After that, the protective fence 3413 begins to move upward together with the pressing plate 3412, and its bottom no longer contacts the top of the reducer housing 5. In this way, during the separation process of the pressing plate 3412 and the top of the reducer housing 5, the protective fence 3413 can automatically clean the accumulated debris synchronously. After that, the pressing plate 3412 moves up to the preset height, and the spherical roller 3416 no longer contacts the top of the clamping table 32. The torsion spring 3417 and the support spring 3418 both return to their initial states. At this time, the rotating rod 3414 is still in an inclined posture. When the pressing member 341 moves downward next time, the inclined rotating rod 3414 enables the spherical roller 3416 at its bottom end to rotate in the counterclockwise direction after contacting the clamping table 32. In this way, through further improvement of the connecting part, while ensuring the normal connection and use of the pressing plate 3412 and the contact body 3421, the protective fence 3413 can also have the function of cleaning debris. At this time, when the pressing group presses and fixes the reducer housing 5, it has basic pressing and fixing as well as synchronous adaptive position correction. During the drilling process, it can prevent debris from splashing everywhere, and when releasing the fixation of the reducer housing 5, it has the function of cleaning debris. It does not require manual or system program active control to achieve, and can automatically adapt to the use state of the pressing assembly 34 and complete synchronously.

[0041] It can be seen from this that the present invention mainly realizes the integrated operation of drilling positioning, pressing and deviation correction, and chip management through the forced cooperation between the conical contact body and the tapered correction groove, driving the clamping table to accurately reset to the standard working position while pressing the housing, combined with the design of ball resistance reduction and the linkage of the protective fence for chip cleaning. With a pure mechanical structure assisting the sensor closed-loop control mode, it can significantly reduce the maintenance cost while ensuring high-precision machining, and is especially suitable for the low-cost and high-reliability machining of the reducer housing in high-load industrial scenarios.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling mechanism for reducer processing, comprising: An operating table, a drilling component, a clamping component, and a linear driving component, characterized in that: The clamping component includes a sliding seat slidably disposed on the top surface of the operating table, a clamping table disposed on the sliding seat, a rotating assembly, and a pressing assembly; a limiting block adapted to the outer side of the reducer housing and a plurality of through-type correction grooves are provided on the top surface of the clamping table; the pressing assembly includes a pressing member disposed above the clamping table, a correction member fixed to the bottom of the pressing member, and a linear telescopic member connected to the sliding seat and driving the pressing member to move up and down; A contact body adapted to the shape of the correction groove is provided at the bottom end of the correction member. When the linear telescopic member drives the pressing member to press down, the contact and extrusion between the correction member and the correction groove force the clamping table to rotate to the standard working position, and at the same time, the pressing member applies a longitudinal fixing pressure to the top of the reducer housing; The correction member further includes a buffer pad disposed at the top end of the contact body and a ball disposed at the bottom end of the contact body. The contact body is conical, the correction groove has a U-shaped cross section and the width decreases from top to bottom, and the top edge thereof is arc-shaped; The pressing member includes a support bottom plate, a pressing plate, and a connecting portion. The support bottom plate and the pressing plate are vertically offset and parallel to each other, and are connected and fixed by the connecting portion; A V-shaped protective fence is provided at the end of the pressing plate, and its opening faces the drilling station to intercept debris; The connecting portion includes a rotating rod hinged to the support bottom plate and a limiting rod fixed to the end of the pressing plate. The top end of the rotating rod is movably hinged to the end of the pressing plate, and a spherical roller is provided at the bottom end thereof. A torsion spring is provided between the hinged end of the rotating rod and the support bottom plate. The bottom end of the limiting rod slides on the support bottom plate, and the two are connected by a support spring. The protective fence and the pressing plate are connected by a return spring to automatically scrape off debris when the pressing member rises.

2. The drilling mechanism for the processing of a speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear telescopic member is a cylinder fixed to one side of the sliding seat, and the rotating assembly is a servo motor fixed to the sliding seat.

3. The drilling mechanism for reducer processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the correction grooves is four, and they are evenly distributed along the circumference of the clamping table.

4. A drilling mechanism for reducer processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear driving component is a cylinder, which drives the sliding seat to move along the slide rail of the operating table to a preset drilling station.

5. A drilling mechanism for reducer processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating assembly is coaxially connected to the clamping table, and the rotation angle each time is 360° divided by the number of correction grooves.

6. The drilling mechanism for speed reducer processing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection between the contact body and the pressing member is a threaded connection method.

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