Laser shot peening and grinding cooperative machining device

Abstract

The invention relates to a laser shot peening and grinding collaborative processing device which comprises a spindle system and a laser generator, the spindle system comprises a spindle box, a spindle body is horizontally installed in the spindle box through a plurality of bearings, and the spindle body is of a hollow structure; a built-in driving motor is further fixedly installed in the spindle box, and a rotor of the built-in driving motor is fixedly arranged on the spindle body in a sleeving mode. A grinding wheel is fixedly connected to one end of the spindle body and is of a hollow structure. The laser generator is located on the side, away from the grinding wheel, of the spindle system. An output port of the laser generator and the centers of the spindle body and the grinding wheel are located on the same straight line. Synchronous cooperative machining of grinding and laser peening can be achieved, the machining efficiency is improved, meanwhile, uniform residual compressive stress can be introduced through laser peening on the premise that the machining precision is not damaged, and therefore stress concentration and deformation generated during grinding are avoided, and the machining precision is improved. And under the synergistic effect, the machining precision and the surface quality of the friction stir welding workpiece can be further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular relates to a laser shot peening and grinding collaborative processing device. Background Art

[0002] In friction stir welding, there are usually microscopic defects and residual stresses on the surface of parts, which will affect the fatigue life, corrosion resistance and overall mechanical properties of the parts.

[0003] Traditional grinding relies on high-precision grinding wheels to precisely grind the workpiece surface, which can remove microscopic surface protrusions, reduce roughness, make the surface smoother, and improve dimensional accuracy and geometric morphology, but it is difficult to effectively improve the workpiece surface structure and residual stress distribution. Laser shot peening, as a high-energy impact strengthening technology, can induce plastic deformation through shock waves, introduce favorable residual compressive stresses in the material surface, and improve fatigue resistance and wear resistance. If laser shot peening and grinding work together synchronously, not only will the processing efficiency be high, but the two can also complement each other's advantages. Laser shot peening strengthens the material surface and improves mechanical properties, while grinding ensures surface accuracy and quality.

[0004] However, the processing devices equipped with grinding and laser shot peening functions on the market currently all treat grinding and laser shot peening as two independent processes. For example, the invention patent CN106392639A discloses a laser combined processing grinder, which has a bracket above the base, and the bracket is provided with a laser processing mechanism and a grinding wheel mechanism that can move horizontally on the bracket and process the workpiece on the workbench. It can not only grind relatively large guide rail surfaces, but also perform laser welding, laser quenching, laser cladding and other processing on relatively large guide rail surfaces. This method of treating grinding and laser shot peening as two independent processes simply integrates the two processing methods into the same device, and does not truly achieve the synchronous and coordinated operation of the two, and cannot give full play to the advantages of the combined effect of laser shot peening and grinding. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to propose a laser shot peening and grinding collaborative processing device, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A laser shot peening and grinding collaborative processing device, comprising a spindle system and a laser generator;

[0008] The spindle system comprises a spindle box, in which a spindle body is horizontally mounted via a plurality of bearings, and the spindle body is a hollow structure;

[0009] A built-in drive motor is also fixedly installed in the spindle box, and a rotor of the built-in drive motor is fixedly sleeved on the spindle body to drive the spindle body to rotate;

[0010] One end of the main shaft body is fixedly connected to a grinding wheel, and the grinding wheel is a hollow structure;

[0011] The laser generator is located at a side of the spindle system away from the grinding wheel, and the output port of the laser generator is located on the same straight line as the spindle body and the center of the grinding wheel.

[0012] Preferably, the built-in drive motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor.

[0013] Preferably, two bearings are disposed on each of the fixed sleeves at both ends of the main shaft body, and an oil ring is disposed between the two bearings.

[0014] Preferably, the bearing and the rotor of the built-in drive motor are respectively fixed to the main shaft body by locking nuts.

[0015] Preferably, a convex lens is arranged between the laser generator and the spindle system.

[0016] The present invention provides a laser shot peening and grinding collaborative processing device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. When the device is in use, the high-energy pulse laser beam emitted by the laser generator can smoothly pass through the spindle body and the grinding wheel to irradiate the stir friction welding workpiece for laser shot peening. At the same time, the built-in drive motor can drive the spindle body to rotate at high speed, and then drive the grinding wheel to rotate at high speed to grind the stir friction welding workpiece, thereby realizing the synchronous collaborative processing of grinding and laser shot peening. Compared with the traditional grinding and laser shot peening processing alone, it can save the workpiece transfer, repeated clamping and other links, and improve the processing efficiency. At the same time, laser shot peening can introduce uniform residual compressive stress on the surface of the stir friction welding workpiece through shock wave-induced plastic deformation without damaging the processing accuracy, thereby avoiding stress concentration and deformation caused by grinding. Under the synergistic effect, the processing accuracy and surface quality of the stir friction welding workpiece can be further improved.

[0018] 2. The present invention adopts a built-in drive motor, and the rotor of the built-in drive motor is directly fixedly sleeved on the main shaft body, which can ensure the accuracy and stability of the high-speed rotation of the main shaft body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser shot peening and grinding collaborative processing device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spindle system of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the storage cabin of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1. spindle system; 11. spindle box; 12. bearing; 13. spindle body; 14. built-in drive motor; 15. grinding wheel; 16. oil ring; 17. locking nut; 2. laser generator; 3. convex lens; 4. high-energy pulse laser beam; 5. stir friction welding workpiece; 6. horizontal machine tool Y spindle; 7. storage compartment; 8. hatch cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0026] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] Example

[0028] Reference Figure 1-3 , a laser shot peening and grinding collaborative processing device, comprising a spindle system 1 and a laser generator 2, wherein the spindle system 1 and the laser generator 2 are used to be installed on a horizontal machine tool;

[0029] The spindle system 1 comprises a spindle box 11, in which a spindle body 13 is horizontally mounted via a plurality of bearings 12, and the spindle body 13 is a hollow structure;

[0030] A built-in drive motor 14 is also fixedly installed in the spindle box 11, and a rotor of the built-in drive motor 14 is fixedly sleeved on the spindle body 13 to drive the spindle body 13 to rotate;

[0031] One end of the spindle body 13 is fixedly connected to a grinding wheel 15, and the grinding wheel 15 is a hollow structure;

[0032] The laser generator 2 is located at a side of the spindle system 1 away from the grinding wheel 15 , and the output port of the laser generator 2 is located on the same straight line as the spindle body 13 and the center of the grinding wheel 15 .

[0033] The spindle body 13 and the grinding wheel 15 of the present invention are both hollow structures, which can form a laser transmission channel. The output port of the laser generator 2 is located on the same straight line as the center of the spindle body 13 and the grinding wheel 15. Therefore, when the device is in use, the high-energy pulse laser beam 4 emitted by the laser generator 2 can smoothly pass through the spindle body 13 and the grinding wheel 15 to irradiate the stir friction welding workpiece 5 for laser shot peening. At the same time, the built-in drive motor 14 can drive the spindle body 13 to rotate at a high speed, and then drive the grinding wheel 15 to rotate at a high speed to grind the stir friction welding workpiece 5, thereby realizing the synchronous coordinated processing of grinding and laser shot peening. Compared with the traditional grinding and laser shot peening processing alone, it can save the workpiece transfer, repeated clamping and other links, and improve the processing efficiency. At the same time, laser shot peening can introduce uniform residual compressive stress on the surface of the stir friction welding workpiece 5 through shock wave induced plastic deformation without damaging the processing accuracy, thereby avoiding stress concentration and deformation caused by grinding, and can further improve the processing accuracy and surface quality of the stir friction welding workpiece 5 under the synergistic effect.

[0034] The present invention adopts a built-in drive motor 14, and the rotor of the built-in drive motor 14 is fixedly mounted on the spindle body 13, which can ensure the accuracy and stability of the high-speed rotation of the spindle body 13. The built-in drive motor 14 is also equipped with a vector control system, which can accurately adjust the speed and rotation direction of the spindle body 13 according to processing requirements.

[0035] In a specific implementation, the built-in drive motor 14 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which has the advantages of high speed, high torque density and high efficiency.

[0036] In a specific implementation scheme, two bearings 12 are provided in fixed sleeves at both ends of the main shaft body 13, and an oil ring 16 is provided between the two bearings 12. When the main shaft body 13 rotates, the oil ring 16 can rotate with it by relying on the contact friction with the main shaft body 13, and continuously bring up the lubricating oil in the oil pool and transport it to various parts of the bearing 12, thereby reducing friction and wear, thereby extending the service life of the bearing 12. At the same time, the oil ring 16 can also play a sealing role. It can form a dynamic sealing barrier at the end of the bearing 12 to prevent external pollutants such as dust and impurities from entering the interior of the bearing 12, and prevent lubricating oil leakage.

[0037] In a specific implementation, the bearing 12 and the rotor of the built-in drive motor 14 are respectively locked and fixed to the main shaft body 13 by locking nuts 17 to prevent axial movement of the bearing 12 and the rotor when the main shaft body 13 rotates, thereby ensuring the rotation accuracy of the main shaft body 13.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, a convex lens 3 is arranged between the laser generator 2 and the spindle system 1. The convex lens 3 can focus the laser beam into a very small area, thereby achieving a light spot with high energy density.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, it also includes a storage cabin 7, one end of which is fixed to the Y spindle 6 of the horizontal machine tool by bolts, and the other end is provided with a cabin cover 8, and the laser generator 2 can be installed in the storage cabin 7 to facilitate the installation of the laser generator 2.

[0040] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser shot peening and grinding collaborative processing device, characterized in that: Including spindle system and laser generator; The spindle system comprises a spindle box, in which a spindle body is horizontally mounted via a plurality of bearings, and the spindle body is a hollow structure; A built-in drive motor is also fixedly installed in the spindle box, and a rotor of the built-in drive motor is fixedly sleeved on the spindle body to drive the spindle body to rotate; One end of the main shaft body is fixedly connected to a grinding wheel, and the grinding wheel is a hollow structure; The laser generator is located at a side of the spindle system away from the grinding wheel, and the output port of the laser generator is located on the same straight line as the spindle body and the center of the grinding wheel.

2. The laser shot peening and grinding collaborative processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The built-in drive motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor.

3. The laser shot peening and grinding collaborative processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two bearings are arranged on each fixed sleeve at both ends of the main shaft body, and an oil ring is arranged between the two bearings.

4. The laser shot peening and grinding collaborative processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing and the rotor of the built-in driving motor are respectively fixed on the main shaft body by locking nuts.

5. The laser shot peening and grinding collaborative processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A convex lens is arranged between the laser generator and the spindle system.

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