Container CO2 transport ship in dry ice mode

Abstract

The invention provides a container CO2 transport ship in a dry ice mode. The container CO2 transport ship comprises a CO2 container, a cabin partition plate, a cabin cover, a cargo cabin heat preservation layer, a refrigerating system and a heat exchanger. According to the container CO2 transport ship, the CO2 container is used for loading the dry ice, the problem that the ship is lack of cabins due to the fact that a traditional CO2 storage tank is used is solved, the size of the container CO2 transport ship is easily increased, the container CO2 transport ship is large, the single-voyage transport volume of CO2 is greatly increased, and the transport capacity and economical efficiency are improved. In addition, due to the use of the CO2 container, the CO2 container can be conveniently and quickly transferred on the land of a sealed land, the defects that the period of building pipelines on the land is long and the cost is high are overcome, and the CO2 unloading efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ships, and in particular relates to a dry ice mode container CO2 transport ship. Background Art

[0002] At present, the large-scale emission of CO2 causes global warming to continue. Therefore, effectively dealing with CO2 emissions has become the primary problem to be solved. In this context, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology is recognized as the most feasible way to reduce CO2 emissions and mitigate global warming. CCS technology refers to the use of carbon capture technology to capture CO2 produced by industry and related energy industries, and then store it on the seabed of the ocean or in places such as Iceland. The captured CO2 needs to be transported from land ports to the above-mentioned locations, which involves the need for special CO2 transport ships to solve the link of sea transportation. In addition, the amount of CO2 transported is relatively large, so it is particularly important to improve the transportation capacity of each CO2 transport ship.

[0003] A CO2 carrier is a ship specially designed to transport CO2 safely and efficiently to a storage or use location. Generally, CO2 is stored on board in three forms: gaseous, liquid, and solid. When CO2 is stored on board a ship in gaseous form, due to the low density of gaseous CO2, a larger ship cargo hold space is required to accommodate the gaseous CO2, which will result in a small amount of gaseous CO2 transported by a single ship and low transportation efficiency. In view of this drawback, most ships usually store CO2 in liquid form to reduce the storage volume of CO2. Liquid CO2 is usually stored in ship CO2 storage tanks in a semi-cold and semi-pressured manner (temperature is about -50℃~-20℃, pressure is about 0.7MPa~1.5MPa), but this storage method also has disadvantages: first, the CO2 storage tank is cylindrical and cannot fully adapt to the shape of the ship's cargo hold, which leads to a "deficient hold" phenomenon in the cargo hold, that is, the CO2 storage tank cannot fully fill the cargo hold space, resulting in a large amount of unused volume in the ship's cargo hold; second, the semi-cold and semi-pressured storage method requires the pressure in the CO2 storage tank to be 0.7MPa~1.5MPa, which makes the CO2 storage tank have higher requirements on materials, and then the CO2 storage tank is difficult to manufacture and has a high cost.

[0004] At the same time, the semi-cold and semi-pressurized storage method requires a high pressure in the CO2 tank. Therefore, in order to maintain a stable pressure in the CO2 tank, the size of the CO2 tank cannot be too large. Large-scale CO2 tanks will aggravate the "empty tank" problem of ships. Therefore, there are deficiencies in the technology and space utilization of large-scale CO2 tanks. In addition, CO2 transport ships are also difficult to achieve large-scale due to technical reasons. For example, the world's largest CO2 transport ship built by the Norwegian Northern Lights Company is only 7,500m 3 Therefore, there are also many difficulties and challenges in achieving large-scale CO2 transport ships. Since it is difficult to achieve large-scale CO2 storage tanks and CO2 transport ships, this limits the CO2 transport volume per voyage, thereby reducing the CO2 transportation efficiency.

[0005] In addition to gaseous and liquid storage forms, CO2 can also be stored and transported on ships in solid form (dry ice). Compared with gaseous and liquid CO2, dry ice has no requirements for the pressure of the storage container, so dry ice can be stored in storage containers such as containers that do not have pressure requirements. This not only reduces the manufacturing cost of the storage container, but also further reduces the transportation cost of dry ice. In addition, in the loading and unloading process, gaseous and liquid CO2 usually need to use pipelines for loading and unloading, but the construction period of pipelines is long, which will reduce the loading and unloading efficiency of CO2, and when transported to places such as Iceland for sealing, the ports of these places are far away from the sealing site, and the construction cost of the pipeline is also increased accordingly, which undoubtedly increases the overall cost of loading and unloading CO2. In contrast, the loading and unloading of dry ice is simpler. After completing the unloading operation at the port using cranes and other loading and unloading equipment, the container can be directly transported to the sealing site using a truck, thereby saving the cost of building pipelines and further improving economic benefits.

[0006] Based on the above problems, the present invention proposes a container CO2 transport ship in a dry ice mode, in which dry ice is stored in a CO2 container, and the CO2 container is stacked in the cargo hold of the ship for large-scale transportation. The present invention uses CO2 containers to load dry ice, which solves the problem of "shortage of cargo space" and manufacturing cost problems caused by the traditional use of CO2 storage tanks. Moreover, the cargo hold of the present invention can have a large depth, so that more CO2 containers can be loaded, realizing the large-scale container CO2 transport ship and greatly increasing the transportation volume of a single container CO2 transport ship. At the same time, the use of CO2 containers facilitates the use of port hoisting equipment for loading and unloading operations during loading and unloading, thereby greatly improving the loading and unloading efficiency of CO2. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a dry ice mode container CO2 transport ship, which stores dry ice in a CO2 container and stacks the CO2 container in the cargo hold of the ship for large-scale transportation. In the present invention, the use of CO2 containers not only solves the problem of "empty hold" in the cargo hold caused by the traditional use of CO2 storage tanks, and realizes the efficient use of the cargo hold space of the ship, but also facilitates the use of cranes and other loading and unloading equipment to load and unload CO2 containers during loading and unloading, greatly improving the loading and unloading efficiency of CO2. At the same time, the depth of the cargo hold of the present invention can be very large, so that more CO2 containers can be loaded, realizing the large-scale container CO2 transport ship, and greatly improving the transportation volume of a single container CO2 transport ship.

[0008] The present invention proposes a dry ice mode container CO2 transport ship, which comprises a CO2 container, a cabin partition, a cabin hatch cover, a cargo hold insulation layer, a refrigeration system, and a heat exchanger.

[0009] The CO2 container is made of special low-temperature resistant material, with an insulation layer inside. The CO2 container is placed longitudinally in the cargo hold of the ship along the length of the ship; the cabin partition is located in the cargo hold of the ship, and plays a role in fixing the CO2 container, which can avoid the unstable center of gravity of the ship caused by the shaking of the CO2 container during transportation. The cabin hatch is located above the cargo hold area of ​​the ship; the cargo hold insulation layer is placed outside the cargo hold of the ship.

[0010] For containers, a 20-foot long container is considered as a standard container unit (TEU), and the size of the CO2 container used in the present invention is two TEUs. In the present invention, the length of a cabin hatch cover in the ship length direction is twice the length of the CO2 container.

[0011] The cargo hold of the ship is equipped with a refrigeration system, and a heat exchanger is installed in each cargo hold. The refrigeration system is connected to the heat exchangers in each cargo hold through pipes. The circulating medium in the refrigeration system is cooled and enters the cargo hold of the ship through pipes, and heat is exchanged in the heat exchanger to maintain the low temperature environment of the cargo hold of the ship. The refrigeration system, heat exchanger and cargo hold insulation layer work together to keep the temperature in the CO2 container between -85℃ and -79℃, avoiding the generation of gaseous CO2 due to heat exchange between dry ice and the external environment.

[0012] After the captured CO2 is made into dry ice, the dry ice loading operation must be carried out at the port. First, the CO2 container is placed vertically, and then the door is opened to load the dry ice into the CO2 container. After loading, make sure the door is tightly closed, and finally use professional loading and unloading equipment such as cranes to place the CO2 container horizontally and orderly in the ship's cargo hold. When the ship arrives at the port, it is also necessary to use the port's cranes and other professional loading and unloading equipment to unload the CO2 container, and then use a truck to transport the CO2 container to the storage site. Compared with loading and unloading liquid or gaseous CO2, the present invention does not require the construction of pipelines, shortens the loading and unloading time, and greatly improves the loading and unloading efficiency of CO2. During the above-mentioned loading and unloading and land transportation process, since the CO2 container is provided with an insulation layer, the dry ice in the CO2 container can be effectively prevented from exchanging heat with the external environment to produce gaseous CO2.

[0013] In the process of transporting CO2 at sea, CO2 transport ships are mainly used to transport liquid CO2 to the storage site. However, this type of transport ship is usually limited in scale, which will result in a small amount of CO2 transported in a single voyage and low transportation efficiency. In addition, CO2 transport ships usually store liquid CO2 in CO2 storage tanks, but the shape of the CO2 storage tanks is incompatible with the shape of the cargo hold space, resulting in the inability to fully utilize the volume of the ship's cargo hold, resulting in a "deficient hold" phenomenon. At the same time, due to the low storage temperature of liquid CO2 (usually -50°C to -30°C), it is inevitable to exchange heat with the external environment during transportation to produce CO2 evaporation gas (abbreviated as BOG). In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes to use CO2 containers to store dry ice (solid CO2), which not only solves the problem of "deficient hold" of ships caused by using CO2 storage tanks, but also the depth of the cargo hold of the present invention can be very large, so that more CO2 containers can be loaded, realizing the large-scale container CO2 transport ship, and greatly improving the transportation volume of a single container CO2 transport ship. In addition, the cargo hold insulation layer and refrigeration system of the container CO2 transport ship avoids the production of gaseous CO2 due to heat exchange between dry ice and the external environment, greatly improving the transportation efficiency of CO2.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0015] 1. The ship of the present invention uses a CO2 container without pressure requirements to transport dry ice, which solves the problem of "empty tank" of ships caused by traditional CO2 storage tank transportation. At the same time, the loading and unloading process of the CO2 container is simpler, further improving the overall efficiency of dry ice transportation.

[0016] 2. The present invention adopts CO2 container to load dry ice, realizes the large-scale transportation volume of container CO2 transport ship, improves the transportation capacity of single container CO2 transport ship, solves the problem of small transportation volume and low efficiency of traditional CO2 transport ship, and has significant scale advantages and good economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of CO2 containers placed in the cargo hold of a ship;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a front view of the CO2 container placed in the ship's cargo hold;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a CO2 container laid flat;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the direction of loading dry ice in a CO2 container;

[0021] Figure 5 is a refrigeration system diagram of the present invention;

[0022] In the attached figure: 1. CO2 container; 2. Cabin partition; 3. Cabin hatch cover; 4. Cargo hold insulation layer; 5. Refrigeration system; 6. Heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0024] A dry ice mode container CO2 transport ship comprises a CO2 container 1, a cabin partition 2, a cabin hatch cover 3, a cargo hold insulation 4, a refrigeration system 5, and a heat exchanger 6.

[0025] Among them, the CO2 container 1 is made of special low-temperature material and is provided with an insulation layer inside. The CO2 container 1 is placed longitudinally in the cargo hold of the ship along the length of the ship; the cabin partition 2 is located in the cargo hold of the ship, and plays the role of fixing the CO2 container 1, so as to avoid the unstable center of gravity of the ship caused by the shaking of the CO2 container 1 during transportation; the cabin hatch cover 3 is located above the cargo hold area of ​​the ship; the cargo hold insulation layer 4 is placed outside the cargo hold of the ship.

[0026] The cargo hold of the ship is equipped with a refrigeration system 5, and a heat exchanger 6 is provided in each cargo hold. The refrigeration system 5 is connected to the heat exchangers 6 in each cargo hold through a pipeline. The circulating medium in the refrigeration system 5 is cooled and enters the cargo hold of the ship through a pipeline, and heat is exchanged in the heat exchanger 6 to maintain the low temperature environment of the cargo hold. The refrigeration system 5, the heat exchanger 6 and the cargo hold insulation layer 4 work together to maintain the temperature in the CO2 container 1 between -85°C and -79°C, avoiding the generation of gaseous CO2 by heat exchange between dry ice and the external environment.

[0027] For containers, a 20-foot container is considered a standard container unit (TEU). Figure 1The schematic diagram of a CO2 container 1 placed in a ship cargo hold is shown. The size of the CO2 container 1 used in the present invention is two TEUs. In the present invention, the length of a ship cabin hatch cover 3 in the ship length direction is twice the length of the CO2 container 1.

[0028] After the captured CO2 is made into dry ice, the dry ice loading operation needs to be carried out. First, the CO2 container 1 is placed vertically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the door is then opened and the dry ice is loaded into the CO2 container 1. When the dry ice is loaded, ensure that the door is tightly closed, and finally use professional loading and unloading equipment such as a crane to slowly and horizontally place the CO2 container 1 along the track in the cargo hold of the ship. When the ship arrives at the port and needs to unload, it is also necessary to use professional loading and unloading equipment such as a crane to unload the CO2 container 1. The CO2 container 1 unloaded from the ship is transported to the storage site by a truck. During the loading and unloading process and the transportation to the storage site by truck, since the CO2 container 1 is provided with an insulation layer inside, the heat exchange between the dry ice and the external environment to produce gaseous CO2 is greatly avoided.

[0029] In the process of transporting CO2 at sea, CO2 transport ships are mainly used to transport CO2 to the storage site. However, the size of CO2 transport ships is limited. For example, the world's largest CO2 transport ship built by the Norwegian company Northern Lights is only 7,500m 3 , which will result in a relatively small amount of CO2 transported in a single voyage and low transportation efficiency. In response to this problem, the CO2 container 1 used in the present invention is a rectangular parallelepiped, which can be densely discharged and loaded in the cargo hold of the ship. Compared with the entire cargo hold space, each CO2 container 1 is like a small "differential" module, which can make full use of the space of the ship's cargo hold and avoid the "deficient hold" problem caused by the incompatibility between the shape of the traditional CO2 storage tank and the shape of the cargo hold space. In addition, the depth of the cargo hold of the present invention can be very large, so that more CO2 containers 1 can be loaded, realizing the large-scale container CO2 transport ship, and greatly improving the transportation volume of a single container CO2 transport ship. At the same time, the ship's cargo hold is equipped with a refrigeration system 5, and a cargo hold insulation layer 4 is provided outside the ship's cargo hold, which effectively avoids the dry ice in the cargo hold exchanging heat with the external environment during sea transportation to produce gaseous CO2.

[0030] In addition, during loading and unloading, the use of the CO2 container 1 facilitates operation using various loading and unloading equipment such as cranes, and can quickly and efficiently carry out loading and unloading operations. For example, when unloading in Iceland, compared with building a pipeline in Iceland and using it to unload gaseous or liquid CO2, the present invention avoids the disadvantages of long construction period and high cost of pipelines on land in Iceland, and greatly improves the unloading efficiency of CO2.

[0031] The above is only a preferred implementation mode of the present invention, but it is not limited to the above embodiments when it is implemented. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dry ice mode container CO2 transport ship, characterized by: The present invention comprises a CO2 container (1), a cabin partition (2), a cabin cover (3), a cargo hold insulation layer (4), a refrigeration system (5), and a heat exchanger (6); The CO2 container (1) is placed in a cargo hold of a ship, and dry ice is stored in the CO2 container (1); The CO2 container (1) is provided with a heat-insulating layer; The cargo hold insulation layer (4) is wrapped outside the cargo hold of the ship; The cargo hold of the ship is equipped with a refrigeration system (5), and a heat exchanger (6) is provided in each cargo hold. The refrigeration system (5) is connected to the heat exchangers (6) in each cargo hold through a pipeline.

2. The dry ice mode container CO2 transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The CO2 container (1) used in the present invention is two TEUs, and the length of a cabin hatch cover (3) in the ship length direction is twice the length of the CO2 container (1).

3. The dry ice mode container CO2 transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabin bulkhead (2) is located in the cargo hold of the ship and is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ship and arranged along the length of the ship.

4. The dry ice mode container CO2 transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: When transporting dry ice, a CO2 container (1) is used to load the dry ice, and the CO2 container (1) is stacked in a ship's cargo hold for large-scale transportation.

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