PCB drilling target machine intelligent feeding and alignment device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of PCB board drill target machine intelligence feeding alignment equipment, including working assembly, lifting assembly and pre-alignment component;The working assembly is used to carry out drill target collection work to PCB board, the working assembly includes pre-alignment input machine and the X-Ray drill target machine fixedly arranged in the side of pre-alignment input machine, the lifting assembly is used to carry out automatic conveying feeding to PCB board incoming material, the pre-alignment component is used to carry out the position of the PCB board after feeding automatically pre-alignment, the both sides in the inside of base frame are fixedly provided with the thickness measuring component for the thickness detection of PCB board.The laser sensor in pre-alignment component and Teflon fixture can accurately position the PCB board after feeding, and make the PCB copper foil bend, so that the effective edge of the product is detected to provide accurate positioning basis for subsequent drilling target work, improve drilling target precision, reduce scrap rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of transportation technology, and in particular to intelligent feeding and positioning equipment for a PCB board drilling machine. Background Art

[0002] Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are key components in electronic products, used to house other electronic components and connect circuits. For complex circuit configurations, PCBs can be arranged into multiple layers and laminated together. Through-holes are created between layers to connect the circuits on each layer, creating a multi-layer PCB. The through-holes in these multi-layer PCBs are drilled using an X-ray target drill. Pre-position marks are placed at the corresponding through-hole locations on each layer to facilitate alignment. The drill requires the use of a loading and alignment device.

[0003] Current loading equipment, such as the one disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN117002993A, for a PCB drilling machine, can easily cause two PCBs to stick together due to static electricity when the suction cup picks up the PCB. This not only requires manual removal but also easily leads to errors and ultimately inaccuracies in the drilling process. Accordingly, this application proposes an intelligent loading and alignment device for a PCB drilling machine. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose an intelligent loading and positioning device for a PCB board drilling target machine.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An intelligent loading and alignment device for a PCB board drilling target machine, comprising a working component, a lifting component and a pre-alignment component;

[0007] The working component is used to collect drilling targets for PCB boards, and the working component includes a pre-alignment input machine and an X-ray target drilling machine fixedly arranged on one side of the pre-alignment input machine;

[0008] The lifting assembly is used to automatically transport and load incoming PCB boards. The lifting assembly includes a base frame fixedly mounted on the pre-alignment feeding machine and a transport arm fixedly mounted inside the pre-alignment feeding machine.

[0009] Thickness measuring components for detecting the thickness of the PCB are fixedly installed on both sides of the base frame;

[0010] The pre-alignment component is used to automatically pre-align the position of the PCB board after loading. The pre-alignment component includes two sheet metal bases fixedly connected to the base frame and two laser sensors fixedly connected to both sides of the sheet metal base.

[0011] Preferably, a lifting motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base frame, a guide rail fixedly connected to the driving end of the lifting motor is fixedly provided on the base frame, a lifting frame slidably connected to the base frame is passed through the guide rail, a carrier positioning cylinder is fixedly provided on both sides of the lifting frame, a material box clamped between two carrier positioning cylinders is provided on the lifting frame, the movable end of the conveying arm is fixedly connected to the fixed frame, shaking plate pneumatic cylinders are fixedly provided on both sides of the fixed frame, a color sensor is fixedly provided on one side of the fixed frame, the bottoms of the two shaking plate pneumatic cylinders are fixedly connected to an extension frame, and a number of first vacuum suction cups are fixedly provided on the extension frame.

[0012] Preferably, a Teflon jig fixedly connected to the sheet metal base is provided above the two laser sensors and inside the sheet metal base, three support columns are fixedly provided inside the base frame, a movable track is fixedly provided on the top of the three support columns, a vacuum pump is slidably connected to the movable track, and a second vacuum suction cup connected to the vacuum pump is fixedly provided on the top of the vacuum pump.

[0013] Preferably, the thickness measuring assembly comprises a thickness measuring platform fixedly connected to the base frame, and a thickness gauge is fixedly connected to the top of the thickness measuring platform.

[0014] Preferably, an X-Ray detection component for detecting PCB boards is provided inside the base frame, and the X-Ray detection component includes a fixed base frame fixedly connected to the base frame, a mounting frame is slidably provided on the fixed base frame, a movable track is provided on the fixed base frame, one end of the movable track is fixedly connected to the fixed base frame, and the other end of the movable track is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, an image intensifier is fixedly connected to the mounting frame, a ray blocking plate is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame, a lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame, and an X-ray light tube is fixedly connected to the lifting end of the lifting cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the base frame is fixedly connected to a fixed plate on one side close to the lifting assembly, and a slicing assembly is provided on the fixed plate for slicing two plates attracted by static electricity during the loading process. The slicing assembly includes a fixed rod fixedly connected to the fixed plate, a baffle is sleeved on the outer side of the fixed rod and rotatably connected to the fixed plate, a torsion spring is fixedly connected between the inner wall of the baffle and the fixed rod, the bottom of the baffle is fixedly connected to a fixed block, the bottom of the fixed block is rotatably connected to a swing rod, the top of the swing rod is fixedly connected to the fixed block with a spring, the bottom of the swing rod is fixedly connected to a suction cup, and an inner warehouse is opened on one side of the interior of the fixed plate, and a negative pressure assembly for sucking and releasing air from the suction cup is provided inside the inner warehouse.

[0016] Preferably, the negative pressure assembly includes a threaded rod rotatably connected to the inside of the inner bin and fixedly connected to the baffle, a nut is threadedly sleeved on the threaded rod, the bottom of the inner bin is fixedly connected to an air box, one side of the air box is slidably connected to an air pumping rod fixedly connected to the nut through a piston, and the other side of the air box is fixedly connected to an air guide hose connected to the suction cup.

[0017] Preferably, a board sorting and collecting machine is fixedly provided on a side of the X-Ray target drilling machine away from the pre-alignment feeding machine.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. By setting up the lifting assembly, the guide rail can be driven by the lifting motor to drive the lifting frame to move. The carrier positioning cylinder can accurately position the material box. The handling arm can quickly and stably grab the PCB board and carry it through the fixed frame, shaking plate pneumatic cylinder and vacuum suction cup, greatly improving the loading efficiency and reducing manual operation costs.

[0020] 2. By setting up thickness measurement components and pre-alignment components, the thickness of the PCB board can be detected in real time to ensure that the quality of the board meets the standards and avoid processing errors caused by thickness problems. The laser sensor and Teflon fixture in the pre-alignment component can accurately pre-align the PCB board after loading and bend the PCB copper foil, thereby detecting the effective edge of the product and providing an accurate positioning basis for subsequent drilling work, improving drilling accuracy and reducing scrap rate.

[0021] 3. By setting up the sheet separation component, the baffle, torsion spring, swing rod, suction cup and negative pressure component work together to effectively separate the two sheets adsorbed together, ensuring the accuracy of each loading, avoiding processing errors caused by overlapping sheets, and improving production stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an intelligent loading and alignment device for a PCB board drilling target machine proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the pre-alignment feeding machine in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting assembly in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the thickness measuring component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the adsorption end of the transport arm in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the pre-alignment component in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile track in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the X-Ray detection component in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of A;

[0031] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed plate in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure inside the fixed plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the slicing component in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 for Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of B;

[0035] Figure 14 for Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of C in the middle.

[0036] In the figure: 1 Pre-positioning feeder, 2 X-Ray target drilling machine, 3 Classification board receiving machine, 4 Base frame, 5 Lifting motor, 6 Guide rail, 7 Lifting frame, 8 Carrier positioning cylinder, 9 Material box, 10 Thickness measuring platform, 11 Thickness gauge, 12 Transport arm, 13 Fixed frame, 14 Shaking board pneumatic cylinder, 15 Color sensor, 16 Extension frame, 17 First vacuum suction cup, 18 Sheet metal base, 19 Laser sensor, 20 Teflon fixture, 21 Support column, 22 Mobile track, 23 vacuum pump, 24 second vacuum suction cup, 25 fixed chassis, 26 mounting frame, 27 mobile crawler, 28 image intensifier, 29 X-ray light tube, 30 ray blocking plate, 31 lifting cylinder, 32 fixed plate, 33 fixed rod, 34 baffle, 35 torsion spring, 36 fixed block, 37 swing rod, 38 spring, 39 suction cup, 40 inner warehouse, 41 threaded rod, 42 nut, 43 air box, 44 air pump, 45 air hose. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Example 1:

[0038] Reference Figure 1-Figure 7 , a PCB board drilling target machine intelligent loading and positioning equipment, including a working component, a lifting component and a pre-alignment component;

[0039] The working component is used to collect drilling targets for PCB boards. The working component includes a pre-alignment feeding machine 1 and an X-ray drilling target machine 2 fixedly arranged on one side of the pre-alignment feeding machine 1;

[0040] The lifting assembly is used to automatically transport and load incoming PCB boards. The lifting assembly includes a base frame 4 fixedly mounted on the pre-alignment feeder 1 and a transport arm 12 fixedly mounted inside the pre-alignment feeder 1.

[0041] A lifting motor 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base frame 4, and a guide rail 6 fixedly connected to the driving end of the lifting motor 5 is fixedly provided on the base frame 4. A lifting frame 7 slidingly connected to the base frame 4 is passed through the guide rail 6, and a carrier positioning cylinder 8 is fixedly provided on both sides of the lifting frame 7. A material box 9 clamped between the two carrier positioning cylinders 8 is provided on the lifting frame 7. The movable end of the transport arm 12 is fixedly connected to a fixed frame 13, and a shaking plate pneumatic cylinder 14 is fixedly provided on both sides of the fixed frame 13. A color sensor 15 is fixedly provided on one side of the fixed frame 13. The bottoms of the two shaking plate pneumatic cylinders 14 are fixedly connected to an extension frame 16, and a plurality of first vacuum suction cups 17 are fixedly provided on the extension frame 16;

[0042] Thickness measuring components for detecting the thickness of PCB boards are fixedly installed on both sides of the base frame 4. The thickness measuring components include a thickness measuring platform 10 fixedly connected to the base frame 4, and a thickness gauge 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the thickness measuring platform 10;

[0043] The pre-alignment component is used to automatically pre-align the position of the PCB board after loading. The pre-alignment component includes two sheet metal bases 18 fixedly connected to the base frame 4 and two laser sensors 19 fixedly connected to the inside of the sheet metal base 18 on both sides;

[0044] A Teflon jig 20 fixedly connected to the sheet metal base 18 is provided above the two laser sensors 19 and inside the sheet metal base 18. Three support columns 21 are fixedly provided inside the base frame 4. A movable track 22 is fixedly provided on the top of the three support columns 21. A vacuum pump 23 is slidably connected to the movable track 22. A second vacuum suction cup 24 connected to the vacuum pump 23 is fixedly provided on the top of the vacuum pump 23.

[0045] In this embodiment, a Teflon jig 20 fixedly connected to the sheet metal base 18 is provided above the two laser sensors 19 and inside the sheet metal base 18. Three support columns 21 are fixedly provided inside the base frame 4. A movable track 22 is fixedly provided on the top of the three support columns 21. A vacuum pump 23 is slidably connected to the movable track 22. A second vacuum suction cup 24 connected to the vacuum pump 23 is fixedly provided on the top of the vacuum pump 23.

[0046] Furthermore, the material box 9 filled with PCB boards is placed steadily on the lifting frame 7, and the position sensor on the carrier positioning cylinder 8 starts working to detect the placement position deviation of the material box 9. Based on the data fed back by the sensor, the control system calculates the deviation amount and sends an action command to the carrier positioning cylinder 8. The piston of the carrier positioning cylinder 8 extends or retracts, pushing the material box 9 for fine adjustment until the material box 9 is accurately positioned at the preset position.

[0047] At the same time, the transport arm 12 moves the fixed frame 13 to the top of the material box 9 according to the preset motion trajectory and the instruction of the control system through the servo motor at the joint. The air pressure valve of the plate-shaking pneumatic cylinder 14 is opened, and compressed air enters the cylinder, pushing the piston downward, thereby driving the extension frame 16 to descend. When the first vacuum suction cup 17 contacts the surface of the PCB board, the vacuum generator is started, so that negative pressure is formed inside the first vacuum suction cup 17, tightly adsorbing the PCB board. The air pressure valve of the plate-shaking pneumatic cylinder 14 moves in the reverse direction, and the piston retracts, driving the extension frame 16 and the adsorbed PCB board to rise. The transport arm 12 moves again to transport the PCB board to the loading station of the pre-alignment input machine 1, completing a loading process. This step is repeated to achieve continuous automatic loading, greatly improving loading efficiency and reducing manual operation costs.

[0048] In addition, after the transport arm 12 places the PCB board on the thickness measuring platform 10, the detection probe of the thickness gauge 11 starts working. The thickness gauge 11 uses the principles of laser ranging or ultrasonic ranging to transmit a detection signal to the PCB board. After the signal is reflected back, the thickness gauge 11 calculates the thickness of the PCB board based on parameters such as the round-trip time or phase difference of the signal. The thickness gauge 11 transmits the measured thickness data to the control system in real time via a data cable. The control system compares the received thickness data with a preset standard thickness range. If the thickness is not within the standard range, the control system immediately triggers an alarm device, such as an audible and visual alarm, to prompt the operator to take action to avoid subsequent processing errors due to thickness problems.

[0049] The PCB board that has completed thickness detection is transported to the pre-alignment component. The two laser sensors 19 in the sheet metal base 18 simultaneously emit laser beams. The laser beams are irradiated on the edge contour of the PCB board at a certain angle. The laser sensor 19 receives the reflected laser signal and converts it into an electrical signal and transmits it to the control system. The control system calculates the position deviation of the PCB board according to the signals transmitted by the two laser sensors 19, including translation deviation and rotation deviation. The control system sends an action instruction to the drive device of the Teflon fixture 20 based on the calculated deviation. The drive device of the Teflon fixture 20 is activated to fine-tune the PCB board to achieve a precise pre-alignment state, providing a precise positioning basis for subsequent target drilling work, improving target drilling accuracy, and reducing scrap rate. Example 2:

[0050] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 Compared with the first embodiment, in this embodiment, an X-Ray detection component for detecting PCB boards is provided inside the base frame 4. The X-Ray detection component includes a fixed base frame 25 fixedly connected to the inside of the base frame 4, a mounting frame 26 is slidably provided on the fixed base frame 25, a movable track 27 is provided on the fixed base frame 25, one end of the movable track 27 is fixedly connected to the fixed base frame 25, and the other end of the movable track 27 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 26, an image intensifier 28 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 26, a ray blocking plate 30 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame 26, a lifting cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame 26, and an X-ray tube 29 is fixedly connected to the lifting end of the lifting cylinder 31.

[0051] In this embodiment, the pre-alignment platform PCB uses program-specific parameters, and the PCB-specific MARK target will be moved into the X-ray effective field of view to capture two or more targets. By comparing the captured MARK target graphics with the program preset, the software calculates the deviation of the product's current position and compares the product attributes to output the data to the control program of the transport arm 12.

[0052] Furthermore, after receiving the deviation data calculated from the X-ray image unit, the data is sent to the transport arm 12 through the PC and PLC for mechanical adjustment, so that the preset drilling target of the PCB is within the effective field of view of the X-ray drilling target machine (field of view: maximum 10*10mm). The interface signal between the pre-alignment input machine 1 and the X-RAY drilling target machine 2 is interacted, and the IO signal is sent to the X-ray drilling target machine. Therefore, after receiving the signal from the pre-alignment input machine 1, the X-ray drilling target machine performs mechanical movement and PCB processing operations according to a specific program. Example 3:

[0053] Reference Figure 10-14 The lifting mechanism 32 is actuated by a spring 35 which is adapted to engage the support member 32 and engage the support member 36 so as to engage the support member 36 of the machine.

[0054] The negative pressure assembly includes a threaded rod 41 which is rotatably connected to the interior of the inner chamber 40 and fixedly connected to the baffle 34. A nut 42 is threadedly sleeved on the threaded rod 41. An air box 43 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner chamber 40. One side of the air box 43 is slidably connected to an air pumping rod 44 which is fixedly connected to the nut 42 through a piston. The other side of the air box 43 is fixedly connected to an air guide hose 45 which is connected to the suction cup 39.

[0055] In this embodiment, when two plates stuck together due to electrostatic adsorption move to the sheeting assembly position along with the loading process, the baffle 34 on the fixed plate 32 first contacts the plates, and the plates push the baffle 34 to rotate around the fixed rod 33. The torsion spring 35 on the fixed rod 33 is stretched to store elastic potential energy. When the baffle 34 rotates, it drives the fixed block 36 to move together.

[0056] Furthermore, the fixed block 36 is connected to the swing rod 37 through a pin shaft. Under the buffering action of the spring 38, the swing rod 37 moves downward, causing the suction cup 39 to gradually approach the plate. At the same time, the rotation of the baffle 34 drives the threaded rod 41 to rotate. The nut 42 on the threaded rod 41 moves axially along the threaded rod 41 under the action of the thread. The nut 42 pushes the air pump 44 to perform a piston motion in the air box 43. The gas in the air box 43 is extracted through the air guide hose 45, so that a negative pressure is formed inside the suction cup 39. The suction cup 39 adsorbs the lowest plate. As the baffle 34 continues to rotate, the adhered plates are successfully separated, ensuring the accuracy of each loading, avoiding processing errors caused by overlapping plates, and improving production stability.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent loading and alignment device for a PCB drilling machine, comprising a working assembly, a lifting assembly, and a pre-alignment assembly, characterized in that: The working component is used for collecting drilling targets on PCB boards, and the working component comprises a pre-alignment input machine (1) and an X-ray target drilling machine (2) fixedly arranged on one side of the pre-alignment input machine (1); The lifting assembly is used for automatically conveying and loading incoming PCB boards, and the lifting assembly comprises a base frame (4) fixedly arranged on the pre-alignment feeding machine (1) and a transport arm (12) fixedly arranged inside the pre-alignment feeding machine (1); Thickness measuring components for detecting the thickness of the PCB board are fixedly arranged on both sides of the interior of the base frame (4); The pre-alignment component is used to automatically pre-align the position of the PCB board after loading, and the pre-alignment component includes two sheet metal bases (18) fixedly connected to the base frame (4) and two laser sensors (19) fixedly connected to both sides of the inside of the sheet metal base (18); A fixed plate (32) is fixedly connected to one side of the base frame (4) close to the lifting assembly. A slicing assembly is provided on the fixed plate (32) for slicing two plates adsorbed by static electricity during the loading process. The slicing assembly includes a fixed rod (33) fixedly connected to the fixed plate (32). The outer side of the fixed rod (33) is provided with a baffle (34) rotatably connected to the fixed plate (32). The inner wall of the baffle (34) is fixedly connected to the fixed rod (33) by a torsion spring. A spring (35) is provided, the bottom of the baffle (34) is fixedly connected to a fixed block (36), the bottom of the fixed block (36) is rotatably connected to a swing rod (37), a spring (38) is fixedly connected between the top of the swing rod (37) and the fixed block (36), the bottom of the swing rod (37) is fixedly connected to a suction cup (39), an inner bin (40) is provided on one side of the interior of the fixed plate (32), and a negative pressure component for sucking and releasing air from the suction cup (39) is provided inside the inner bin (40); The negative pressure assembly includes a threaded rod (41) rotatably connected to the interior of the inner chamber (40) and fixedly connected to the baffle (34); a nut (42) is threadedly sleeved on the threaded rod (41); an air box (43) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner chamber (40); an air pumping rod (44) fixedly connected to the nut (42) is slidably connected to one side of the air box (43) through a piston; and an air guide hose (45) communicating with the suction cup (39) is fixedly connected to the other side of the air box (43).

2. The intelligent loading and positioning device for a PCB drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the base frame (4) is fixedly connected to a lifting motor (5), the base frame (4) is fixedly provided with a guide rail (6) fixedly connected to the driving end of the lifting motor (5), the guide rail (6) is slidably connected to a lifting frame (7) slidably connected to the base frame (4), both sides of the lifting frame (7) are fixedly provided with a carrier positioning cylinder (8), the lifting frame (7) is provided with a material box (9) clamped between two carrier positioning cylinders (8), the movable end of the transport arm (12) is fixedly connected to a fixed frame (13), both sides of the fixed frame (13) are fixedly provided with a shaking plate pneumatic cylinder (14), one side of the fixed frame (13) is fixedly provided with a color sensor (15), the bottoms of the two shaking plate pneumatic cylinders (14) are fixedly connected to an extension frame (16), and a plurality of first vacuum suction cups (17) are fixedly provided on the extension frame (16).

3. The intelligent loading and positioning device for a PCB board drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A Teflon jig (20) fixedly connected to the sheet metal base (18) is provided above the two laser sensors (19) and inside the sheet metal base (18); three support columns (21) are fixedly provided inside the base frame (4); a movable track (22) is fixedly provided on the top of the three support columns (21); a vacuum pump (23) is slidably connected to the movable track (22); and a second vacuum suction cup (24) connected to the vacuum pump (23) is fixedly provided on the top of the vacuum pump (23).

4. The intelligent loading and positioning device for a PCB board drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness measuring assembly comprises a thickness measuring platform (10) fixedly connected to a base frame (4), and a thickness gauge (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the thickness measuring platform (10).

5. The intelligent loading and positioning device for a PCB board drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An X-ray detection component for detecting PCB boards is provided inside the base frame (4), and the X-ray detection component includes a fixed base frame (25) fixedly connected to the inside of the base frame (4), a mounting frame (26) is slidably provided on the fixed base frame (25), a movable crawler (27) is provided on the fixed base frame (25), one end of the movable crawler (27) is fixedly connected to the fixed base frame (25), and the other end of the movable crawler (27) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (26), an image intensifier (28) is fixedly connected to the mounting frame (26), a ray blocking plate (30) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame (26), a lifting cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to the top of the mounting frame (26), and an X-ray tube (29) is fixedly connected to the lifting end of the lifting cylinder (31).

6. The intelligent loading and positioning device for a PCB board drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A board classification and collection machine (3) is fixedly provided on a side of the X-Ray target drilling machine (2) away from the pre-alignment input machine (1).

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