High-temperature-resistant heat-insulating basalt fiber composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of basalt fiber material preparation, and discloses a high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation basalt fiber composite material and a preparation method thereof, and the high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation basalt fiber composite material comprises the following raw materials by weight: 50-80 parts of basalt fiber, 15-30 parts of high-temperature-resistant silicon resin, 20-30 parts of a thermal-insulation filler and 0.5-2 parts of a curing agent. According to the preparation method, the thermal insulation filler is infiltrated into the basalt fiber by adopting a liquid impregnation method, so that the high-temperature-resistant thermal insulation composite material can be prepared. The high-temperature-resistant and heat-insulating basalt fiber composite material prepared by the method is relatively good in mechanical property and has high-temperature-resistant and heat-insulating properties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of basalt fiber materials, and in particular provides a high-temperature resistant heat-insulating basalt fiber composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] There are many types of thermal insulation fillers currently being studied, but it is difficult to take into account thermal insulation performance, mechanical properties, cost and environmental issues. Compared with porous and layered thermal insulation fillers, fiber thermal insulation fillers have the advantages of low cost and good stability. Commonly used reinforcing fibers include basalt fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, etc. By comparison, basalt fiber has obvious advantages, with electrical insulation, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, low moisture absorption and sound absorption and other excellent properties, and the thermal conductivity is only 0.031W / m·K~0.038W / m·K. As a thermal insulation filler, the fiber reinforcement has the advantage of reducing the basic thermal conductivity of the material.

[0003] Fiber insulation fillers are mostly composed of a single fiber and insulation filler. Fiber as a reinforcement can improve the strength of the material, but too high a fiber content will reduce the insulation performance, while too much filler will reduce the bonding ability of the composite material, ultimately affecting the strength of the material. The mechanical properties and high temperature resistant insulation properties of fiber insulation fillers cannot be balanced.

[0004] Therefore, developing a high-temperature resistant and heat-insulating basalt fiber composite material that has high-temperature resistance, heat insulation and mechanical properties, is environmentally friendly and low-cost has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a high temperature resistant and heat insulating basalt fiber composite material and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] On one hand, the present invention provides a high temperature resistant heat insulating basalt fiber composite material, which comprises the following raw materials by weight: 50-80 parts of basalt fiber, 15-30 parts of high temperature resistant silicone resin, 20-30 parts of heat insulating filler and 0.5-2 parts of curing agent.

[0007] Preferably, the basalt fiber is a plain weave or a twill weave.

[0008] More preferably, the high temperature resistant silicone resin is one or more of methyl silicone resin, methylphenyl silicone resin, phenyl silicone resin, epoxy modified silicone resin, and polyester modified silicone resin.

[0009] Further preferably, the thermal insulation filler is one or more of SiO2 aerogel, alumina aerogel, hollow glass microspheres, hollow alumina spheres, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, and boron oxide.

[0010] More preferably, the curing agent is one or more of silane coupling agents, titanate coupling agents, and organotin agents.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned high temperature resistant heat insulating basalt fiber composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0012] a) After uniformly mixing the high temperature resistant silicone resin and the heat insulating filler according to the weight ratio, adding the curing agent, stirring evenly, and preparing the impregnation material;

[0013] b) diluting the impregnating material with a solvent to facilitate coating on the fiber;

[0014] c) coating the diluted impregnating material onto the cut and multi-layered basalt fiber single-layer cloth, and then pre-curing and post-curing the multi-layer basalt fiber single-layer cloth coated with the diluted impregnating material by a molding process to obtain a high temperature resistant heat insulation composite material sample.

[0015] Preferably, in step c), the pre-curing pressure is 0.8-1.2 MPa, the temperature is 75-80° C., and the time is 1-1.5 h; the post-curing pressure is 2.8-3 MPa, the temperature is 200-230° C., and the time is 2-2.5 h.

[0016] The high temperature resistant heat insulating basalt fiber composite material provided by the present invention uses basalt fiber as a reinforcement, silicone resin as a binder, and uses a liquid impregnation method to infiltrate heat insulating fillers (such as aerogel, hollow microspheres, etc.) into basalt fiber cloth to prepare a high temperature resistant heat insulating composite material. Since the heat insulating fillers (such as aerogel, hollow microspheres, etc.) have excellent heat insulating properties, and the basalt fiber has good mechanical properties, the two are combined to prepare a basalt fiber composite material with good mechanical properties. In addition, silicone resin is used as a binder. In a high temperature aerobic environment, SiO2 generated by the decomposition of the matrix can further prevent the transfer of heat, play a role in heat insulation, and optimize and improve the high temperature resistant heat insulating properties of the material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation schemes, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] According to the weighing of 80 parts of basalt fiber, 15 parts of methyl silicone resin, 20 parts of hollow glass microspheres, and 1 part of curing agent silane coupling agent KH550, the methyl silicone resin and hollow glass microspheres are first mixed evenly, and then the curing agent is added, stirred evenly to make an impregnation liquid, and diluted with a solvent. The cut basalt fiber single-layer cloth is stacked and coated with impregnation material, and pre-cured by molding process, with an initial pressure of 1MPa, a preheating temperature of 80℃, and a time of 1h. After preheating, the pressure is increased to 3Mpa at 0.2MPa / min, and then the temperature is increased to 230℃. After curing for 2h, the high-temperature resistant heat-insulating composite material sample is obtained after pressure relief and demolding.

[0020] The prepared high temperature resistant heat insulation composite material was tested by an electric heating table, the thickness of the composite material was 0.5 cm, the temperature of the base surface was 500°C, and the temperature of the back plate of the test material was 318°C.

[0021] Example 2

[0022] According to the weighing of 50 parts of basalt fiber, 30 parts of methyl silicone resin, 5 parts of SiO2 aerogel, 25 parts of hollow glass microspheres, and 2 parts of curing agent silane coupling agent KH550, the methyl silicone resin, SiO2 aerogel, and hollow glass microspheres are first mixed evenly, and then the curing agent is added, and the impregnation liquid is made evenly, and the solvent is used to dilute it. The cut basalt fiber single-layer cloth is stacked and coated with impregnation material, and the molding process is used for pre-curing. The initial pressure is 0.8MPa, the preheating temperature is 75℃, and the time is 1.5h. After preheating, the pressure is increased to 3Mpa at 0.2MPa / min, and then the temperature is increased to 200℃. After curing for 2.5h, the pressure is released and demolded to obtain a high-temperature resistant heat-insulating composite material sample.

[0023] The prepared high temperature resistant heat insulation composite material was tested by an electric heating table, the thickness of the composite material was 0.5 cm, the temperature of the base surface was 500°C, and the temperature of the back plate of the test material was 295°C.

[0024] Example 3

[0025] According to the weighing of 65 parts of basalt fiber, 25 parts of phenyl silicone resin, 5 parts of SiO2 aerogel, 15 parts of hollow alumina balls, and 0.5 parts of curing agent titanate coupling agent, phenyl silicone resin, SiO2 aerogel, and hollow alumina balls are first mixed evenly, and then the curing agent is added, stirred evenly to form an impregnation liquid, and diluted with a solvent. The cut basalt fiber single-layer cloth is stacked and coated with impregnation material, and pre-cured by molding process, with an initial pressure of 1.2MPa, a preheating temperature of 75℃, and a time of 1h. After preheating, the pressure is increased to 2.8Mpa at 0.2MPa / min, and then the temperature is increased to 230℃. After curing for 2.5h, the high-temperature resistant heat-insulating composite material sample is obtained after pressure relief and demolding.

[0026] The prepared high temperature resistant heat insulation composite material was tested by an electric heating table, the thickness of the composite material was 0.5 cm, the temperature of the base surface was 500°C, and the temperature of the back plate of the test material was 283°C.

[0027] Example 4

[0028] According to the weighing of 65 parts of basalt fiber, 25 parts of methylphenyl silicone resin, 5 parts of alumina aerogel, 15 parts of titanium dioxide, and 1 part of curing agent organic tin, first mix the methylphenyl silicone resin, alumina aerogel, and titanium dioxide evenly, then add the curing agent, stir evenly to make an impregnation liquid, and dilute it with a solvent. The cut basalt fiber single-layer cloth is stacked and coated with impregnation material, and pre-cured by molding process, with an initial pressure of 1MPa, a preheating temperature of 80℃, and a time of 1.5h. After preheating, the pressure is increased to 2.8Mpa at 0.2MPa / min, and then the temperature is increased to 200℃. After curing for 2h, the pressure is released and demolded to obtain a high-temperature resistant heat-insulating composite material sample.

[0029] The prepared high temperature resistant heat insulating composite material was tested by means of an electric heating table. The temperature of the base surface of the composite material was 500°C and the temperature of the back plate of the test material was 287°C.

[0030] Example 5

[0031] According to the weighing of 50 parts of basalt fiber, 25 parts of phenyl silicone resin, 5 parts of SiO2 aerogel, 15 parts of hollow glass microspheres, and 1 part of curing agent silane coupling agent KH550, phenyl silicone resin, SiO2 aerogel, and hollow glass microspheres are first mixed evenly, and then the curing agent is added, stirred evenly to make an impregnation liquid, and diluted with a solvent. The cut basalt fiber single-layer cloth is stacked and coated with impregnation material, and pre-cured by molding process, with an initial pressure of 1MPa, a preheating temperature of 80℃, and a time of 1h. After preheating, the pressure is increased to 3Mpa at 0.2MPa / min, and then the temperature is increased to 220℃. After curing for 2h, the pressure is released and demolded to obtain a high-temperature resistant heat-insulating composite material sample.

[0032] The prepared high temperature resistant heat insulating composite material was tested by means of an electric heating table. The temperature of the back plate of the composite material was 500°C and the temperature of the back plate of the test material was 285°C.

[0033] Comparative Example 1

[0034] According to the weighing of 65 parts of basalt fiber, 30 parts of methyl silicone resin, and 1 part of curing agent silane coupling agent KH550, stir evenly to make an impregnation liquid, and dilute it with a solvent. The cut basalt fiber single-layer cloth is stacked and coated with impregnation material, and pre-cured by molding process, with an initial pressure of 1MPa, a preheating temperature of 80℃, and a time of 1h. After preheating, the pressure is increased to 3Mpa at 0.2MPa / min, and then the temperature is increased to 230℃. After curing for 2h, the high-temperature resistant composite material sample is obtained after pressure relief and demoulding.

[0035] The prepared high temperature resistant composite material was tested by an electric heating table, the thickness of the composite material was 0.5 cm, the temperature of the base surface was 500°C, and the temperature of the back plate of the test material was 363°C.

[0036] The composite material samples obtained in Examples 1-5 and the comparative example were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1:

[0037] Table 1

[0038]

[0039] By comparing the test results, it can be learned that the composite material prepared by the method provided by the present invention has a better thermal insulation effect than the basalt fiber composite material without adding thermal insulation filler. Since the thermal insulation filler has excellent thermal insulation performance and the basalt fiber has good mechanical properties, the basalt fiber composite material prepared by combining the two can still maintain good mechanical properties at high temperatures.

Claims

1. A high temperature resistant heat insulating basalt fiber composite material, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following by weight: 50-80 parts of basalt fiber, 15-30 parts of high temperature resistant silicone resin, 20-30 parts of heat insulating filler and 0.5-2 parts of curing agent.

2. The high temperature resistant heat insulating basalt fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basalt fiber is a plain weave fabric or a twill weave fabric.

3. The high temperature resistant and heat insulating basalt fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high temperature resistant silicone resin is one or more of methyl silicone resin, methylphenyl silicone resin, phenyl silicone resin, epoxy modified silicone resin, and polyester modified silicone resin.

4. The high temperature resistant and heat insulating basalt fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating filler is one or more of SiO2 aerogel, alumina aerogel, hollow glass microspheres, hollow alumina spheres, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, and boron oxide.

5. The high temperature resistant heat insulating basalt fiber composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curing agent is one or more of silane coupling agents, titanate coupling agents and organotin agents.

6. The method for preparing the high temperature resistant heat insulating basalt fiber composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: a) After uniformly mixing the high temperature resistant silicone resin and the heat insulating filler according to the weight ratio, adding the curing agent, stirring evenly, and preparing the impregnation material; b) diluting the impregnating material with a solvent to facilitate coating on the fiber; c) coating the diluted impregnating material onto the cut and multi-layered basalt fiber single-layer cloth, and then pre-curing and post-curing the multi-layer basalt fiber single-layer cloth coated with the diluted impregnating material by a molding process to obtain a high temperature resistant heat insulation composite material sample.

7. The method for preparing the high temperature resistant heat insulating basalt fiber composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step c), the pre-curing pressure is 0.8-1.2 MPa, the temperature is 75-80° C., and the time is 1-1.5 h; the post-curing pressure is 2.8-3 MPa, the temperature is 200-230° C., and the time is 2-2.5 h.

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