Fuel composition and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fuel, and discloses a fuel composition and application thereof. The fuel composition comprises a basic fuel and functional fuel addition components, the functional fuel addition components comprise polyoxymethylene dialkyl ether, hydrocarbon, a cetane number enhancer and a lubricant, the hydrocarbon is polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel and / or polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel, and the cetane number enhancer is polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel and / or polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel. The lubricant is selected from dibasic acid monoester compounds and fatty acid and / or fatty acid polyol ester; based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive components, the content of the polyoxymethylene dialkyl ether is 1-70% by mass, the content of the hydrocarbon is 15-90% by mass, the content of the cetane number enhancer is 0.005-10% by mass, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-5% by mass. The composition is suitable for making up the deficiency of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers in plateau areas and improving the power and power performance of fuel engines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fuels, and in particular to a fuel composition and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] my country has a vast plateau, of which areas above 1,000 meters above sea level account for more than 58% of the country's land area, and areas above 2,000 meters above sea level account for more than 33% of the country's land area. The plateau environment is characterized by complex terrain, low atmospheric pressure, insufficient oxygen content, and changeable climate conditions.

[0003] When a diesel engine is running in plateau areas, the amount of air entering the diesel engine cylinder is reduced due to the decrease in atmospheric pressure and temperature, and the pressure and temperature of the mixture at the end of compression are reduced, so that the fuel injected into the cylinder cannot ignite in time, causing combustion lag and deterioration of combustion, which leads to a series of problems, such as power reduction, increased fuel consumption, and deterioration of emissions, which seriously reduce the power and economy of the diesel engine. Therefore, improving the performance of diesel in plateau areas is an important issue that needs to be solved urgently.

[0004] Patent application CN113293040A discloses a high-altitude field tank diesel-powered propellant, which is composed of a high-performance, high-activity oxygen mixture, a cetane number enhancer, a low-freezing-point component oil, a clean dispersing smoke suppressant, a power enhancer, a calorific value enhancer, an oil-soluble friction modifier, and an antioxidant. The low-freezing-point component oil is a Fischer-Tropsch synthetic kerosene fuel; the clean dispersing smoke suppressant is composed of a polymer containing a class of clean dispersants with a main chain of a polyether structure and an amino group as the terminal active functional group, and dicyclopentadiene iron. The patent discloses that burning diesel containing the power propellant has the effect of improving power performance and combustion performance. However, the composition of the propellant is relatively complex, and the product preparation is difficult.

[0005] Patent application CN106244262A discloses a plateau oxygen-containing multi-effect agent, which is composed of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, ferrocene, xylene, isooctyl nitrate, oleic acid, detergent and fatty acid methyl ester, with the plateau oxygen-containing multi-effect agent as the main component, and regenerated diesel, diesel component oil, aviation kerosene blending to obtain plateau oxygen-containing clean diesel. The patent discloses that burning the plateau oxygen-containing diesel can improve engine power and reduce exhaust emissions. However, under plateau environmental conditions, it is usually accompanied by a low temperature environment, and the condensation point of fatty acid methyl ester is higher, and it is easy to precipitate under plateau environmental conditions, and it is difficult to be actually applied to plateau areas.

[0006] Patent application CN104830382A discloses a methyl ester diesel, which is composed of national standard diesel, 200# petroleum, fatty acid methyl ester, cetane number improver, triethanolamine, dimethyl carbonate and antioxidant. The patent discloses that the methyl ester diesel can be used in plateau areas and areas with low oxygen content to improve the power performance of diesel. However, this technical solution is difficult to apply under low-temperature plateau environmental conditions because the freezing point of fatty acid methyl ester is high and it is easy to precipitate under low-temperature environmental conditions; on the other hand, the methyl ester diesel component contains triethanolamine nitride, which produces nitrogen oxides when burned and does not meet the requirements of green chemistry.

[0007] Patent application CN108329957A discloses a diesel fuel suitable for plateau areas, which is composed of petroleum-based diesel, coal-based diesel, fatty acid methyl ester and a cleaning agent, wherein the fatty acid methyl ester is -10# biodiesel after decondensation treatment, and the cleaning agent is diethylhydroxylamine and / or hydrazine hydrate. The patent discloses that the diesel fuel product is suitable for use in plateau areas, and has the advantages of strong power, low emissions and low cost. However, the diesel fuel product contains nitrides, so that the combustion of the diesel fuel product will produce nitrogen oxides, especially hydrazine hydrate, which is not only highly alkaline and hygroscopic, but also can corrode rubber, leather, etc., and will have an adverse effect on the rubber parts of the engine.

[0008] Patent application CN113150852A discloses a diesel cleaning synergist suitable for severe cold and oxygen-deficient plateau environments, wherein the cleaning synergist comprises hexanol and its isomeric alcohols, heptanol and its isomeric alcohols, octanol and its isomeric alcohols, nonanol and its isomeric alcohols, and decanol and its isomeric alcohols. The patent discloses that it is particularly suitable for severe cold and oxygen-deficient plateau environments and has significant efficiency-enhancing and emission-reducing effects. However, from Example 5 of the patent, the engine power of the clean composite diesel is reduced by 1.7% compared with pure diesel; from Example 6 of the patent, the engine power of the clean composite diesel is reduced by 1.4% compared with pure diesel. In other words, the technical method has no beneficial effect on engine power; on the other hand, fatty alcohols have a certain swelling effect on materials such as rubber parts of the engine, and there are certain safety risks in using it. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem of insufficient engine power and dynamic performance in low-pressure environments in plateau areas in the prior art, and to provide a clean fuel composition that can be used in plateau areas, make up for the shortcomings of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, and effectively improve the power and dynamic performance of fuel engines.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a clean fuel composition, wherein the composition comprises a base fuel and a functional fuel additive component, the functional fuel additive component comprises a polymethoxydialkyl ether, a hydrocarbon, a cetane number enhancer and a lubricant, and the hydrocarbon is a polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel and / or a cage hydrocarbon fuel;

[0011] Wherein, based on the total weight of the functional fuel additive components, based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive components, the content of the polymethoxy dialkyl ether is 1-70% by mass, the content of the hydrocarbon is 15-90% by mass, the content of the cetane number enhancer is 0.005-10% by mass, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-5% by mass.

[0012] The second aspect of the present invention provides an application of the clean fuel composition described in the first aspect in a fuel engine in plateau areas.

[0013] The composition provided by the present invention selects hydrocarbons, cetane number enhancers and lubricants to cooperate with polymethoxy dialkyl ethers. The components cooperate with each other, which can make up for the insufficient calorific value of polymethoxy dialkyl ethers and make the fuel fully fueled in a plateau low-pressure environment, thereby improving the power and dynamic performance of the engine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

[0015] The first aspect of the present invention provides a fuel composition, wherein the composition comprises a base fuel and a functional fuel additive component, the functional fuel additive component comprises a polymethoxydialkyl ether, a hydrocarbon, a cetane number enhancer and a lubricant, the hydrocarbon is a polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel and / or a cage hydrocarbon fuel, and the lubricant is selected from a dibasic acid monoester compound and a fatty acid and / or a fatty acid polyol ester;

[0016] Wherein, based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive component, the content of the polymethoxy dialkyl ether is 1-70 mass%, for example, it can be 1 mass%, 5 mass%, 15 mass%, 20 mass%, 25 mass%, 30 mass%, 35 mass%, 40 mass%, 45 mass%, 50 mass%, 55 mass%, 60 mass%, 65 mass%, 70 mass% and values ​​between any two groups, and the content of the hydrocarbon is 15-90 mass%, for example, it can be 15 mass%, 20 mass%, 25 mass%, 30 mass%, 35 mass%, 40 mass%, 45 mass%, 50 mass%, 55 mass%, 60 mass%, 65 mass%, 70 mass% and values ​​between any two groups. %, 30 mass%, 35 mass%, 40 mass%, 45 mass%, 50 mass%, 55 mass%, 60 mass%, 65 mass%, 70 mass%, 75 mass%, 80 mass%, 85 mass%, 90 mass% and values ​​between any two groups, and the content of the cetane number enhancer is 0.005-10 mass%, for example, it can be 0.005 mass%, 0.1 mass%, 0.2 mass%, 0.3 mass%, 0.4 mass%, 0.5 mass%, 0.6 mass%, 0.7 mass%, 0.8 mass%, 0.9 mass%, 10 mass%, 11 mass%, 12 mass%, 13 mass%, 14 mass%, 15 mass%, 16 mass%, 17 mass%, 18 mass%, 19 mass%, 20 mass%, 21 mass%, 22 mass%, 23 mass%, 24 mass%, 25 mass%, 26 mass%, 27 mass%, 28 mass%, 29 mass%, 30 mass%, %, 0.9% by mass, 1% by mass, 1.5% by mass, 2% by mass, 2.5% by mass, 3% by mass, 3.5% by mass, 4% by mass, 4.5% by mass, 5% by mass, 5.5% by mass, 6% by mass, 6.5% by mass, 7% by mass, 7.5% by mass, 8% by mass, 8.5% by mass, 9% by mass, 9.5% by mass, 10% by mass and values ​​between any two groups, the content of the lubricant is 0.001-5% by mass, for example, it can be 0.001% by mass, 0.01% by mass, 0.02% by mass Mass%, 0.03 mass%, 0.04 mass%, 0.05 mass%, 0.06 mass%, 0.07 mass%, 0.08 mass%, 0.09 mass%, 0.1 mass%, 0.2 mass%, 0.3 mass%, 0.4 mass%, 0.5 mass%, 0.6 mass%, 0.7 mass%, 0.8 mass%, 0.9 mass%, 1 mass%, 1.5 mass%, 2 mass%, 2.5 mass%, 3 mass%, 3.5 mass%, 4.5 mass%, 5 mass% and values ​​between any two groups.

[0017] The composition provided by the present invention selects hydrocarbons, cetane number enhancers and lubricants to cooperate with polymethoxy dialkyl ethers. The components cooperate with each other, which can make up for the insufficient calorific value of polymethoxy dialkyl ethers and make the fuel fully fueled in a plateau low-pressure environment, thereby improving the power and dynamic performance of the engine.

[0018] The functional fuel additive component in the composition provided by the present invention has a simple formula and can be added to the blended fuel product through the fuel blending process without investing huge manpower, material and financial resources. It is an economical, efficient and practical way to improve fuel efficiency.

[0019] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the content of each component in the composition, as long as it can meet the performance requirements of the fuel composition under the plateau environment. Preferably, based on the total mass of the composition, the content of the base fuel is 20-95% by mass, and the content of the functional fuel additive component is 5-80% by mass; further preferably, based on the total mass of the composition, the content of the base fuel is 25-90% by mass, and the content of the functional fuel additive component is 10-75% by mass; further preferably, based on the total mass of the composition, the content of the base fuel is 25-70% by mass, and the content of the functional fuel additive component is 30-75% by mass.

[0020] In the present invention, based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive components, the content of the polymethoxy dialkyl ether is 5-60% by mass, the content of the hydrocarbon is 32-87% by mass, the content of the hexadecyl enhancer is 0.01-5% by mass, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-3% by mass;

[0021] Preferably, based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive components, the content of the polymethoxydialkyl ether is 15-50 mass %, the content of the hydrocarbon is 45-80 mass %, the content of the hexadecyl enhancer is 0.01-3 mass %, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-2 mass %.

[0022] By optimizing the content of each component in the functional fuel additive component, the performance of the fuel composition can be further improved, making it suitable for plateau environments and improving the power performance of the engine.

[0023] In the present invention, preferably, the polymethoxy dialkyl ether has a structure shown in formula (I),

[0024] [CH 3 (CH 2 ) x O] m1 (CH 2 O) m2 (CH 2 ) y CH 3 Formula (I)

[0025] In formula (I), x and y are each independently 0-30, preferably 1-15, more preferably 1-10, and even more preferably 1-5;

[0026] m1 and m2 are each independently 1-20, preferably 1-10, and more preferably 1-8.

[0027] In the present invention, preferably, m1 is 1-5, and m2 is 3-8.

[0028] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the specific types of polymethoxy dialkyl ethers, and any compound having the aforementioned structure is applicable to the present invention. Preferably, the polymethoxy dialkyl ether is selected from at least one of polymethoxy dimethyl ether, polymethoxy diethyl ether, polymethoxy dipropyl ether, polymethoxy dibutyl ether, polymethoxy dipentyl ether, polymethoxy dihexyl ether, polymethoxy diheptyl ether, polymethoxy dioctyl ether, polymethoxy dinonyl ether and polymethoxy didecyl ether, and is further preferably selected from at least one of polymethoxy dimethyl ether, polymethoxy diethyl ether, polymethoxy dipropyl ether and polymethoxy dibutyl ether.

[0029] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the specific type of hydrocarbon. Preferably, the hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, penta-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrocyclopentadiene trimer, pentacyclic [5.4.0.0 2,6 .0 3, 10 .0 5,9 ] Undecane, mixture of bridged and exo-tetrahydrodimethyldicyclopentadiene, adamantane, alkyl adamantane, C18 tricyclohexane, spirocyclic fuel, dicyclopentane, tricyclopentane, tetracyclopentane, decalin, alkyl decalin, tetracycloheptane, dihomocubane, norbornene dimer, dimethyltetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, methyltetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrotricyclopentadiene derivatives, tetracycloheptane, tetracyclo[7.4.0.0 2,7 .1 3,6 ] at least one of tetradecane and 1,4-end-methylene-1,2,3,4,4a,9a-hexahydrofluorene, and further preferably at least one selected from end-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, end-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, dimethyltetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, methyltetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, spirocyclic fuel and alkyl adamantane or a combination thereof. The use of hydrocarbons within the above preferred range has the advantages of increasing the calorific value of the fuel product and increasing the power of the fuel product.

[0030] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the specific type of the cetane number enhancer, and all cetane number enhancers conventionally defined in the art are applicable to the present invention. Preferably, the cetane number enhancer is selected from at least one of peroxides, nitrate ester compounds, ester compounds, ether compounds, acetal polymers, nitro hydrocarbon compounds and azide compounds.

[0031] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the specific type of peroxide. Preferably, the peroxide is at least one selected from hydrogen peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, 1,1-di-tert-butyl peroxide cycloalkane, 2,2-di-tert-butyl peroxide alkane and tert-butyl peroxybenzoate.

[0032] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the specific types of nitrate compounds. Preferably, the nitrate compounds are selected from at least one of isooctyl nitrate, 2-nitro-2-methylpropyl nitrate, 2-methoxyethyl nitrate, 5,6-cyclopentyl-2-norbornene nitrate, 2-ethoxyethyl nitrate, ethylene glycol nitrate, cyclohexyl nitrate, n-butyl nitrate, cyclododecyl nitrate, 3-tetrahydrofuran nitrate, methylbenzyl alcohol nitrate, glycerol trinitrate, tetraethylene glycol dinitrate, isopropyl nitrate, amyl nitrate, heptyl nitrate and nonyl nitrate.

[0033] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the specific type of the ester compound. Preferably, the ester compound is selected from at least one of carbonate, oleate, oxalate and partially saturated organic acid ester.

[0034] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the specific type of the ether compound. Preferably, the ether compound is selected from at least one of dimethoxyethane, 1,2,4-trioxane and di-n-pentyl ether.

[0035] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the specific type of the nitro hydrocarbon compound. Preferably, the nitro hydrocarbon compound is selected from at least one of 2-nitro-2-hexene, 2-nitro-2-octene, 3-methyl-2-nitro-2-pentene, 3-ethyl-2-nitro-2-pentene, 3-methyl-2-nitro-2-butene and 2-methyl-2-nitropropene.

[0036] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the specific type of the azide compound. Preferably, the azide compound is selected from at least one of propyl azide, isopropyl azide, n-butyl azide, n-pentyl azide, methylbenzene azide, ethylbenzene azide, dimethylbenzene azide, methoxybenzene azide, aminobenzene azide, 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone diazo, N,N-diethyloctylamine and diethyl oleate.

[0037] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the compound form of the lubricant. In a preferred embodiment, the lubricant is a dibasic acid monoester compound and a fatty acid. In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the content of the dibasic acid monoester compound and the fatty acid. Preferably, the mass ratio of the fatty acid to the dibasic acid monoester compound is 0.01-100:1, preferably 0.02-50:1, and more preferably 0.1-10:1.

[0038] In another preferred embodiment, the lubricant is a dibasic acid monoester compound and a fatty acid polyol ester. In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the content of the dibasic acid monoester compound and the fatty acid polyol ester. Preferably, the mass ratio of the fatty acid polyol ester to the dibasic acid monoester compound is 0.01-100:1, preferably 0.02-50:1, and more preferably 0.1-10:1.

[0039] In another preferred embodiment, the lubricant is a dibasic acid monoester compound, a fatty acid and a fatty acid polyol ester. In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the content of the dibasic acid monoester compound, the fatty acid and the fatty acid polyol ester. Preferably, the mass ratio of the fatty acid, the fatty acid polyol ester and the dibasic acid monoester compound is 0.01-90:0.01-90:1, preferably 0.02-60:0.02-40:1, and more preferably 0.1-30:0.1-20:1.

[0040] The advantage of adopting the above preferred embodiment is that the lubrication performance of the fuel product is significantly improved and no wear is caused to the precision parts of the engine.

[0041] In the present invention, preferably, the dibasic acid monoester compound has a structure shown in formula (II),

[0042]

[0043] In formula (II), R 1 Selected from C n H 2n-2 The hydrocarbon group, C n H 2n At least one of a hydrocarbon group and a cyclic hydrocarbon group, n is 0-18, preferably 2-4, R 2 It is a C1-C30 hydrocarbon group, preferably a C1-C18 hydrocarbon group.

[0044] In the present invention, preferably, the cyclic hydrocarbon group has a structure shown in formula (III),

[0045]

[0046] In formula (III), p is 1-8, q is 0-3, x is 0-8, y1 is 0-2, and y2 is 0-2.

[0047] In the present invention, the dibasic acid monoester compound may be an unsaturated dibasic acid monoester compound. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when R 1 C n H 2n-2 When the unsaturated dibasic acid monoester compound has a structure shown in formula (II-1),

[0048]

[0049] In formula (II-1), n ​​is 2-4, R 2 It is a C1-C18 hydrocarbon group.

[0050] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, when n is 2, the dibasic acid monoester compound is maleic acid monoester (maleic acid monoester) and / or fumaric acid monoester (fumalic acid monoester), and is further preferably at least one of monomethyl maleate, monoethyl maleate, mono-n-propyl maleate, mono-n-butyl maleate, mono-n-octyl maleate, monoisopropyl maleate, monoisobutyl maleate, mono-sec-butyl maleate, mono-isooctyl maleate, mono-isononyl maleate, mono-isodecyl maleate, monoallyl maleate, mono-3-butene-1-ol maleate and mono-isopentenol maleate.

[0051] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, when n is 3, the dibasic acid monoester compound is selected from at least one of itaconic acid monoester, citraconic acid monoester (methylmaleic acid monoester), methyl fumaric acid monoester (methyl fumaric acid monoester) and glutaconate monoester, and is further preferably selected from at least one of monomethyl itaconate, monoethyl itaconate, mono-n-propyl itaconate, mono-n-butyl itaconate, mono-n-octyl itaconate, mono-n-decyl itaconate, mono-n-dodecyl itaconate (lauryl itaconate), monoisopropyl itaconate, monoisobutyl itaconate, mono-isooctyl itaconate (mono-2-ethylhexyl itaconate), monoisononyl itaconate, monoisodecyl itaconate, monoallyl itaconate, mono-3-butene-1-ol itaconate and monoisopentenyl itaconate.

[0052] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, when n is 4, the dibasic acid monoester compound is at least one selected from 2,3-dimethyl maleic acid monoester, ethyl maleic acid monoester and hexenedioic acid monoester, and is further preferably at least one of monocyclobutyl maleate, monocyclopentyl maleate, monocyclohexyl maleate, mono-3-cyclohexene-1-methyl maleate, monocyclohexyl itaconate, mono-2-cyclohexenyl itaconate, mono-p-nonylphenyl maleate, monobenzyl maleate, monophenylethyl maleate, monophenylpropanol maleate, monobenzyl itaconate, monophenylethyl itaconate and monophenylpropanol itaconate.

[0053] In the present invention, the dibasic acid monoester compound may be a saturated dibasic acid monoester compound with or without a substituent. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when R 1 C n H 2n When the saturated dibasic acid monoester compound has a structure of formula (II-2),

[0054]

[0055] In formula (II-2), n is 0-18, preferably 2-8, R 2 It is a C1-C18 hydrocarbon group.

[0056] In the present invention, the unsubstituted saturated dibasic acid monoester compound refers to the CH 2 There is no branched substituent structure on the group.

[0057] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the saturated dicarboxylic acid monoester compound is selected from at least one of oxalic acid monoester, malonic acid monoester, succinic acid monoester, glutaric acid monoester, adipic acid monoester, pimelic acid monoester, suberic acid monoester, azelaic acid monoester, sebacic acid monoester, undecanedioic acid monoester, dodecanedioic acid monoester, tridecanedioic acid monoester, tetradecanedioic acid monoester, hexadecanedioic acid monoester and octadecanoic acid monoester.

[0058] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the unsubstituted saturated dicarboxylic acid monoester compound is selected from oxalic acid monoester, malonic acid monoester, succinic acid monoester, glutaric acid monoester, adipic acid monoester, azelaic acid monoester and sebacic acid monoester.

[0059] In the present invention, the specific type of oxalic acid monoester is not particularly limited. Preferably, the oxalic acid monoester is selected from at least one of monomethyl oxalate, monoethyl oxalate, monopropyl oxalate, mono-n-butyl oxalate, mono-isobutyl oxalate, mono-tert-butyl oxalate, mono-n-pentyl oxalate, mono-isopentyl oxalate, monohexyl oxalate, monooctyl oxalate, mono-isooctyl oxalate, monocyclohexyl oxalate, mono-3-cyclohexene-1-methyl oxalate, mono-p-nonylphenyl oxalate and monobenzyl oxalate.

[0060] In the present invention, the specific type of malonic acid monoester is not particularly limited. Preferably, the malonic acid monoester is selected from at least one of monomethyl malonate, monoethyl malonate, monopropyl malonate, mono-n-butyl malonate, mono-isooctyl malonate, mono-sec-octyl malonate, mono-isononyl malonate, monocyclohexyl malonate, mono-3-cyclohexene-1-methyl malonate, mono-p-nonylphenyl malonate and monobenzyl malonate.

[0061] In the present invention, the specific type of succinic acid monoester is not particularly limited. Preferably, the succinic acid monoester is selected from at least one of mono-n-butyl succinate, mono-sec-butyl succinate, mono-n-hexyl succinate, mono-n-octyl succinate, mono-isobutyl succinate, mono-tert-butyl succinate, mono-isoamyl succinate, mono-isohexyl succinate, mono-isooctyl succinate, mono-cyclohexyl succinate, mono-3-cyclohexene-1-methyl succinate, mono-p-nonylphenyl succinate and mono-benzyl succinate.

[0062] In the present invention, the dibasic acid monoester compound may be a dibasic acid monoester compound containing a cyclic hydrocarbon group. According to a specific preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dibasic acid monoester compound containing a cyclic hydrocarbon group has a structure shown in formula (II-3),

[0063]

[0064] In formula (II-3), p is 1-8, preferably 1-6, more preferably 4 or 5, q is 0-3, preferably 0-1, more preferably 0, x is 0-8, preferably 0-6, y1 and y2 are each independently 0-2, preferably 0-1, and R 2 It is a C1-C30 hydrocarbon group, preferably a C1-C18 hydrocarbon group, and more preferably a C4-C12 hydrocarbon group.

[0065] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the dibasic acid monoester compound containing a cyclic hydrocarbon group is selected from 4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid monoester (tetrahydrophthalic acid monoester), phthalic acid monoester, terephthalic acid monoester, 3-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid monoester (3-methylhexahydrophthalic acid monoester), 4-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid monoester (4-methylhexahydrophthalic acid monoester), methylhexahydrophthalic acid monoester, methyltetrahydrophthalic acid monoester, 4-methyl-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid monoester At least one of monocarboxylic acid monoester, 3-methyl-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid monoester, tetrahydrophthalic acid monobutyl ester, tetrahydrophthalic acid monooctyl ester, tetrahydrophthalic acid monoisooctyl ester, tetrahydrophthalic acid monoisononyl ester, monobutyl phthalate, monooctyl phthalate, monoisooctyl phthalate, monosec-octyl phthalate, monoisononyl phthalate, methylhexahydrophthalic acid monobutyl ester, methylhexahydrophthalic acid monobutyl ester, methylhexahydrophthalic acid monooctyl ester and methylhexahydrophthalic acid monoisooctyl ester.

[0066] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the source of the dibasic acid monoester compound, for example, it can be obtained commercially, or it can be prepared by methods conventionally defined in the art, for example, it can be prepared by monoesterification reaction of dicarboxylic acid or acid anhydride with fatty alcohol or phenol. The present invention does not make any particular limitation on its specific operation method.

[0067] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the specific type of fatty acid. Preferably, the fatty acid is selected from saturated fatty acids and / or unsaturated fatty acids of C8-C30, more preferably saturated fatty acids and / or unsaturated fatty acids of C12-C20, more preferably saturated fatty acids and / or unsaturated fatty acids of C15-C20, and even more preferably saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids of C15-C20.

[0068] In the present invention, preferably, based on the total amount of C15-C20 saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids, the mass fraction of the unsaturated fatty acids is less than 2.5%, and more preferably 0-2%.

[0069] In the present invention, preferably, the fatty acid polyol ester is selected from C8-C30 fatty acid polyol esters, and more preferably fatty acid monoglyceride and / or fatty acid monopentaerythritol ester.

[0070] In the present invention, the base fuel has a wide range of choices. Preferably, the base fuel is selected from at least one of gasoline, diesel and kerosene, and more preferably diesel.

[0071] In the present invention, preferably, the diesel is petroleum-based diesel and / or coal-based diesel.

[0072] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the source of coal-based diesel. Preferably, the coal-based diesel is provided by coal-to-liquid diesel (CTL), preferably by direct coal-to-liquid diesel and / or indirect coal-to-liquid diesel, and more specifically, it can be a diesel fraction with a distillation range of 160-380°C from a petroleum-based source.

[0073] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the source of petroleum-based diesel. Preferably, the petroleum-based diesel is provided by diesel fuel for compression ignition engines, for example, it can be standard diesel fuel or non-standard diesel fuel, for example, it can be a fraction with a distillation range between 160-380°C after crude oil (petroleum) is processed by various refining processes in refineries such as atmospheric and vacuum distillation, catalytic cracking, catalytic reforming, coking, hydrofining, hydrocracking and the like, or it can be a fuel for compression ignition internal combustion engines that meets the national standard GB 19147 for automotive diesel after being formulated.

[0074] In the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the physical and chemical property parameters of the base fuel.

[0075] The present invention does not particularly limit the preparation method of the fuel composition. Preferably, the fuel composition can be prepared according to the following method: (1) polymethoxy dialkyl ether, hydrocarbon, cetane number enhancer and lubricant are mixed to prepare a functional fuel additive component; (2) the functional fuel additive component prepared in step (1) is blended with a base fuel to obtain a fuel composition. The present invention does not particularly limit the specific operating conditions, and those skilled in the art can adjust them according to actual conditions.

[0076] The second aspect of the present invention provides an application of the fuel composition described in the first aspect in a fuel engine in plateau areas.

[0077] The fuel composition provided by the present invention is particularly suitable for low-pressure environments in plateau areas, for example, plateau environments of 500-9000m. By using the plateau-specific fuel composition with the aforementioned technical characteristics, the compression ignition engine achieves excellent power performance under low-pressure environmental conditions at high altitudes.

[0078] In the present invention, the application conditions include: a pressure of 30-100 kPa, preferably a pressure of 40-90 kPa, and more preferably a pressure of 50-80 kPa. It should be noted that the pressure is atmospheric pressure.

[0079] The plateau-specific fuel composition provided by the present invention takes full account of the combustion characteristics of the fuel in the engine from the perspective of fuel modification, and fundamentally changes the insufficient engine power and dynamic performance caused by the insufficient combustion process of the fuel under low-pressure environmental conditions. Under the above-mentioned plateau environmental conditions, the power of the compression ignition engine can be increased by at least 2%.

[0080] In the present invention, the application environment of the fuel composition is not particularly limited. Preferably, in addition to the compression ignition engine used under the above-mentioned low-pressure environment conditions, it can also be applied to other places where diesel engines are used, such as transportation vehicles (including various motor vehicles and ships) using diesel as fuel and engineering, mining, agricultural and forestry machinery and other technical fields powered by diesel engines. By using the fuel composition described in the present invention, the engine power is also significantly improved.

[0081] The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. In the following examples, all products are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0082] In the following embodiments, the test oil was tested on a test bench at simulated engine intake pressures of 130 kPa, 160 kPa, 200 kPa, and 240 kPa, respectively, to measure the engine power performance of the engine burning diesel and the formulated plateau-specific fuel composition diesel product, with power as the evaluation technical indicator, and the unit is kW.

[0083] The basic physical and chemical properties of the petroleum-based diesel used in the bench test are shown in Table 1, which serves as the base diesel for Examples 1-4.

[0084] Table 1

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] Example 1

[0088] Step (1): Preparation of functional fuel additive components:

[0089] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; hanging tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; isooctyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity greater than 99%; monobutyl maleate, purchased from Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., with a purity of 97%; unsaturated fatty acid product, saturated fatty acid content 1.46% (mass fraction), model KMJ-031, purchased from Xinjiang Dasen Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0090] Preparation of lubricant: Take 80g of KMJ-031 unsaturated fatty acid product and 20g of monobutyl maleate to prepare a lubricant product with a total mass of 100g. The mass ratio of the unsaturated fatty acid product to monobutyl maleate is 4:1.

[0091] 4.5 kg of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is compounded with 18 kg of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene and 225 g of isooctyl nitrate, and 4.5 g of the above-prepared lubricant product is added, stirred until uniform, and prepared as a functional fuel additive component for use, wherein, based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 19.8%, the mass fraction of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene is 79.2%, the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate is 0.98%, and the mass fraction of the lubricant is 0.02%.

[0092] Step (2): Preparation of a special fuel composition diesel product for plateaus:

[0093] The functional fuel additive component prepared in step (1) is added to the base diesel and mixed mechanically to achieve uniform mixing. The mass of the functional fuel additive component is 20 kg, and the mass of the base diesel is 20 kg. In the prepared plateau-specific fuel composition diesel product, the mass proportion of the functional fuel additive component is 50%, and the mass proportion of the base diesel is 50%.

[0094] The basic physical and chemical properties of the plateau-specific fuel composition diesel product are shown in Table 2.

[0095] Table 2

[0096] project result Test methods 10% residual carbon (w) / % <0.05 GB / T 17144 Acidity / (mgKOH / 100mL) 4.29 GB / T 258 Moisture (w) / % none GB / T 260 <![CDATA[Viscosity at 20℃ / (mm 2 / s)]]> 3.028 GB / T 265 Ash content (w) / % <0.002 GB / T 508 Copper corrosion (50℃, 3h) / level 1a GB / T 5096 Freezing point / ℃ -20 GB / T 510 Initial distillation point / ℃ 159.4 GB / T 6536 50% recovery temperature / ℃ 205.4 GB / T 6536 90% recovery temperature / ℃ 302.8 GB / T 6536 95% recovery temperature / ℃ 337.1 GB / T 6536 Cold filter point / ℃ -12 SH / T 0248 <![CDATA[Density at 20 °C / (kg / m 3 )]]> 893.7 SH / T 0604 Calorific value / (MJ / kg) 43.22 GB / T 384

[0097] Example 2

[0098] Step (1): Preparation of functional fuel additive components:

[0099] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; hanging tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; isooctyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity greater than 99%; monooctyl maleate, purchased from Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., with a purity of 95%; fatty acid monoglyceride, saturated fatty acid content 2.0% (mass fraction), free glycerol content 0.1% (mass fraction), model: JC-2017Z, purchased from Jiangsu Innovation Petrochemical Co., Ltd.; unsaturated fatty acid product, saturated fatty acid content 1.46% (mass fraction), model KMJ-031, purchased from Xinjiang Dasen Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0100] Preparation of lubricant: 100g of KMJ-031 unsaturated fatty acid product, 100g of JC-2017Z fatty acid monoglyceride product and 50g of maleic acid monooctyl ester are evenly blended to prepare a lubricant product with a total mass of 250g. The mass ratio of the unsaturated fatty acid product, the fatty acid monoglyceride product and the maleic acid monooctyl ester is 2:2:1.

[0101] 15 kg of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is compounded with 35 kg of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene and 500 g of isooctyl nitrate, and 15 g of the prepared lubricant is added, stirred until uniform, and prepared as a functional fuel additive component for use, wherein, based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 29.702%, the mass fraction of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene is 69.305%, the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate is 0.99%, and the mass fraction of the lubricant is 0.003%.

[0102] Step (2): Preparation of a special fuel composition diesel product for plateaus:

[0103] The functional fuel additive component prepared in step (1) is added to the base diesel and mixed mechanically to achieve uniform mixing. The mass of the functional fuel additive component is 30 kg, and the mass of the base diesel is 10 kg. In the prepared plateau-specific fuel composition diesel product, the mass proportion of the functional fuel additive component is 75%, and the mass proportion of the base diesel is 25%.

[0104] The basic physical and chemical properties of the plateau-specific fuel composition diesel product are shown in Table 3.

[0105] Table 3

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] Example 3

[0109] Step (1): Preparation of functional fuel additive components:

[0110] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; hanging tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; isooctyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity greater than 99%; monooctyl maleate, purchased from Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., with a purity of 95%; fatty acid monoglyceride, saturated fatty acid content 2.0% (mass fraction), free glycerol content 0.1% (mass fraction), model: JC-2017Z, purchased from Jiangsu Innovation Petrochemical Co., Ltd.; unsaturated fatty acid product, saturated fatty acid content 1.46% (mass fraction), model KMJ-031, purchased from Xinjiang Dasen Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0111] Preparation of lubricant: 200g of KMJ-031 unsaturated fatty acid product, 100g of JC-2017Z fatty acid monoglyceride product and 20g of maleic acid monooctyl ester are evenly blended to prepare a lubricant product with a total mass of 320g. The mass ratio of the unsaturated fatty acid product, the fatty acid monoglyceride product and the maleic acid monooctyl ester is 10:5:1.

[0112] 11.7 kg of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is compounded with 48 kg of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene and 300 g of isooctyl nitrate, and 36 g of the prepared lubricant is added and stirred until uniform to prepare a functional fuel additive component for use. Based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 19.49%, the mass fraction of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene is 79.95%, the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate is 0.5%, and the mass fraction of the lubricant is 0.06%.

[0113] Step (2): Preparation of a special fuel composition diesel product for plateaus:

[0114] The functional fuel additive component prepared in step (1) is added to the base diesel and mixed mechanically to achieve uniform mixing. The mass of the functional fuel additive component is 15 kg, and the mass of the base diesel is 35 kg. In the prepared plateau-specific fuel composition diesel product, the mass proportion of the functional fuel additive component is 30%, and the mass proportion of the base diesel is 70%.

[0115] The basic physical and chemical properties of the plateau-specific fuel composition diesel product are shown in Table 4.

[0116] Table 4

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] Example 4

[0120] Step (1): Preparation of functional fuel additive components:

[0121] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; hanging tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; isooctyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity greater than 99%; monooctyl phthalate, purchased from Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., with a purity of 98%; fatty acid monoglyceride, saturated fatty acid content 2.0% (mass fraction), free glycerol content 0.1% (mass fraction), model: JC-2017Z, purchased from Jiangsu Innovation Petrochemical Co., Ltd.

[0122] Preparation of lubricant: 200g of JC-2017Z fatty acid monoglyceride product and 40g of monooctyl phthalate were evenly blended to prepare a lubricant product with a total mass of 240g. The mass ratio of the fatty acid monoglyceride product to monooctyl phthalate was 5:1.

[0123] 24.95 kg of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is compounded with 25 kg of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene and 50 g of isooctyl nitrate, and 100 g of the prepared lubricant is added and stirred until uniform to prepare a functional fuel additive component for use. Based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 49.8%, the mass fraction of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene is 49.9%, the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate is 0.1%, and the mass fraction of the lubricant is 0.2%.

[0124] Step (2): Preparation of a special fuel composition diesel product for plateaus:

[0125] The functional fuel additive component prepared in step (1) is added to the base diesel and mixed mechanically to achieve uniform mixing. The mass of the functional fuel additive component is 5 kg, and the mass of the base diesel is 45 kg. In the prepared plateau-specific fuel composition diesel product, the mass proportion of the functional fuel additive component is 10%, and the mass proportion of the base diesel is 90%.

[0126] The basic physical and chemical properties of the plateau-specific fuel composition diesel product are shown in Table 5.

[0127] Table 5

[0128] project result Test methods 10% residual carbon (w) / % <0.05 GB / T 17144 Acidity / (mgKOH / 100mL) 2.52 GB / T 258 Moisture (w) / % trace GB / T 260 <![CDATA[Viscosity at 20°C / (mm 2 / s)]]> 3.793 GB / T 265 Ash content (w) / % <0.002 GB / T 508 Copper corrosion (50℃, 3h) / level 1a GB / T 5096 Freezing point / ℃ -16 GB / T 510 Initial distillation point / ℃ 187.6 GB / T 6536 50% recovery temperature / ℃ 259.9 GB / T 6536 90% recovery temperature / ℃ 320.5 GB / T 6536 95% recovery temperature / ℃ 339.2 GB / T 6536 Cold filter point / ℃ -12 SH / T 0248 <![CDATA[Density at 20 °C / (kg / m 3 )]]> 840.6 SH / T 0604 Calorific value / (MJ / kg) 42.61 GB / T 384

[0129] Example 5

[0130] The basic diesel of this embodiment is coal-based diesel, and its basic physical and chemical properties are shown in Table 6.

[0131] Table 6

[0132]

[0133]

[0134] Step (1): Preparation of functional fuel additive components:

[0135] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; hanging tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; isooctyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity greater than 99%; monooctyl maleate, purchased from Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., with a purity of 95%; fatty acid monoglyceride, saturated fatty acid content 2.0% (mass fraction), free glycerol content 0.1% (mass fraction), model: JC-2017Z, purchased from Jiangsu Innovation Petrochemical Co., Ltd.; unsaturated fatty acid product, saturated fatty acid content 1.46% (mass fraction), model KMJ-031, purchased from Xinjiang Dasen Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0136] Preparation of lubricant: 200g of KMJ-031 unsaturated fatty acid product, 100g of JC-2017Z fatty acid monoglyceride product and 20g of maleic acid monooctyl ester are evenly blended to prepare a lubricant product with a total mass of 320g. The mass ratio of the unsaturated fatty acid product, the fatty acid monoglyceride product and the maleic acid monooctyl ester is 10:5:1.

[0137] 17.5 kg of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is compounded with 32.25 kg of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene and 250 g of isooctyl nitrate, and 20 g of the prepared lubricant is added. The mixture is stirred until uniform and prepared as a functional fuel additive component for use. Based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 34.99%, the mass fraction of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene is 64.47%, the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate is 0.5%, and the mass fraction of the lubricant is 0.04%.

[0138] Step (2): Preparation of a special fuel composition diesel product for plateaus:

[0139] The functional fuel additive component prepared in step (1) is added to the base diesel and mixed mechanically to achieve uniform mixing. The mass of the functional fuel additive component is 20 kg, and the mass of the base diesel is 30 kg. In the prepared plateau-specific fuel composition diesel product, the mass proportion of the functional fuel additive component is 40%, and the mass proportion of the base diesel is 60%.

[0140] The basic physical and chemical properties of the plateau-specific fuel composition diesel product are shown in Table 7.

[0141] Table 7

[0142]

[0143]

[0144] Example 6

[0145] Step (1): Preparation of fuel additive components:

[0146] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; hanging tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; monooctyl maleate, purchased from Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., with a purity of 95%; fatty acid monoglyceride, saturated fatty acid content 2.0% (mass fraction), free glycerol content 0.1% (mass fraction), model: JC-2017Z, purchased from Jiangsu Innovation Petrochemical Co., Ltd.; unsaturated fatty acid product, saturated fatty acid content 1.46% (mass fraction), model KMJ-031, purchased from Xinjiang Dasen Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0147] Preparation of lubricant: 100g of KMJ-031 unsaturated fatty acid product, 500g of JC-2017Z fatty acid monoglyceride product and 50g of maleic acid monooctyl ester are evenly blended to prepare a lubricant product with a total mass of 650g. The mass ratio of the unsaturated fatty acid product, the fatty acid monoglyceride product and the maleic acid monooctyl ester is 2:10:1.

[0148] 25 kg of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is compounded with 24.75 kg of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene and 250 g of isooctyl nitrate, 10 g of the prepared lubricant is added, and the mixture is stirred until uniform to prepare a fuel additive component for use. Based on the total mass of the fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 50.17%, the mass fraction of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene is 49.31%, the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate is 0.5%, and the mass fraction of the lubricant is 0.02%.

[0149] Step (2): Preparation of fuel composition diesel product:

[0150] The fuel additive component prepared in step (1) is added to the base diesel and mechanically mixed to be uniform. The mass of the fuel additive component is 40 kg, and the mass of the base diesel is 40 kg. In the prepared fuel composition diesel product, the mass of the fuel additive component accounts for 50%, and the mass of the base diesel accounts for 50%.

[0151] The basic physical and chemical properties of the fuel composition diesel product are shown in Table 8.

[0152] Table 8

[0153] project result Test methods 10% residual carbon (w) / % <0.05 GB / T 17144 Acidity / (mgKOH / 100mL) 3.35 GB / T 258 Moisture (w) / % trace GB / T 260 <![CDATA[Viscosity at 20℃ / (mm 2 / s)]]> 2.971 GB / T 265 Ash content (w) / % 0.005 GB / T 508 Copper corrosion (50℃, 3h) / level 1a GB / T 5096 Freezing point / ℃ -22 GB / T 510 Initial distillation point / ℃ 156.6 GB / T 6536 50% recovery temperature / ℃ 209.0 GB / T 6536 90% recovery temperature / ℃ 296.5 GB / T 6536 95% recovery temperature / ℃ 317.1 GB / T 6536 Cold filter point / ℃ -16 SH / T 0248 <![CDATA[Density at 20 °C / (kg / m 3 )]]> 891.2 SH / T 0604 Calorific value / (MJ / kg) 40.26 GB / T 384

[0154] Comparative Example 1

[0155] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%.

[0156] 4 kg of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether was added into 36 kg of basic diesel and mixed mechanically to obtain a uniform mixture. The mass fraction of the polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether was 10% and the mass fraction of the basic diesel was 90%.

[0157] The basic physical and chemical properties of the diesel product of Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 9.

[0158] Table 9

[0159] project result Test methods 10% residual carbon (w) / % 0.06 GB / T 17144 Acidity / (mgKOH / 100mL) 5.36 GB / T 258 Moisture (w) / % trace GB / T 260 <![CDATA[Viscosity at 20°C / (mm 2 / s)]]> 3.299 GB / T 265 Ash content (w) / % <0.002 GB / T 508 Copper corrosion (50℃, 3h) / level 1a GB / T 5096 Freezing point / ℃ -16 GB / T 510 Initial distillation point / ℃ 167.5 GB / T 6536 50% recovery temperature / ℃ 253.4 GB / T 6536 90% recovery temperature / ℃ 314.5 GB / T 6536 95% recovery temperature / ℃ 330.0 GB / T 6536 Cold filter point / ℃ -14 SH / T 0248 <![CDATA[Density at 20°C / (kg / m 3 )]]> 856.6 SH / T 0604 Calorific value / (MJ / kg) 40.72 GB / T 384

[0160] Comparative Example 2

[0161] Step (1): Preparation of additional components:

[0162] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; isooctyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity greater than 99%; monooctyl maleate, purchased from Shanghai MacLean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., with a purity of 95%; fatty acid monoglyceride, saturated fatty acid content 2.0% (mass fraction), free glycerol content 0.1% (mass fraction), model: JC-2017Z, purchased from Jiangsu Innovation Petrochemical Co., Ltd.; unsaturated fatty acid product, saturated fatty acid content 1.46% (mass fraction), model KMJ-031, purchased from Xinjiang Dasen Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0163] Preparation of lubricant: 600g of KMJ-031 unsaturated fatty acid product, 300g of JC-2017Z fatty acid monoglyceride product and 60g of maleic acid monooctyl ester are evenly blended to prepare a lubricant product with a total mass of 960g. The mass ratio of the unsaturated fatty acid product, the fatty acid monoglyceride product and the maleic acid monooctyl ester is 10:5:1.

[0164] 49.75 kg of polymethoxy dimethyl ether and 250 g of isooctyl nitrate are compounded, 12 g of the prepared lubricant is added, and the mixture is stirred until uniform to prepare a fuel additive component for use. Based on the total mass of the blended fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 99.48%, the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate is 0.5%, and the mass fraction of the lubricant is 0.02%.

[0165] Step (2): Preparation of blended diesel product:

[0166] The fuel additive component prepared in step (1) is added to the base diesel and mixed mechanically to be uniform. The mass of the fuel additive component is 20 kg, and the mass of the base diesel is 80 kg. In the prepared blended fuel product, the mass of the fuel additive component accounts for 20%, and the mass of the base diesel accounts for 80%.

[0167] The basic physical and chemical properties of the blended diesel product are shown in Table 10.

[0168] Table 10

[0169]

[0170]

[0171] Comparative Example 3

[0172] Step (1): Preparation of fuel additive components:

[0173] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, purchased from Sinopec Yanshan Petrochemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; isooctyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity greater than 99%.

[0174] 20 kg of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is compounded with 29.5 kg of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene and 500 g of isooctyl nitrate, stirred until uniform, and prepared as a fuel additive component for use, wherein, based on the total mass of the fuel additive component, the mass fraction of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 40%, the mass fraction of tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene is 59%, and the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate is 1%.

[0175] Step (2): Preparation of fuel composition diesel product:

[0176] The fuel additive component prepared in step (1) is added to the base diesel and mechanically mixed evenly. The mass of the fuel additive component is 30 kg, and the mass of the base diesel is 20 kg. In the prepared fuel composition diesel product, the mass of the fuel additive component accounts for 60%, and the mass of the base diesel accounts for 40%.

[0177] The basic physical and chemical properties of the blended diesel product are shown in Table 11.

[0178] Table 11

[0179] project result Test methods 10% residual carbon (w) / % 0.13 GB / T 17144 Acidity / (mgKOH / 100mL) 2.51 GB / T 258 Moisture (w) / % trace GB / T 260 <![CDATA[Viscosity at 20°C / (mm 2 / s)]]> 3.302 GB / T 265 Ash content (w) / % 0.004 GB / T 508 Copper corrosion (50℃, 3h) / level 1a GB / T 5096 Freezing point / ℃ -20 GB / T 510 Initial distillation point / ℃ 168.0 GB / T 6536 50% recovery temperature / ℃ 252.5 GB / T 6536 90% recovery temperature / ℃ 313.2 GB / T 6536 95% recovery temperature / ℃ 328.6 GB / T 6536 Cold filter point / ℃ -12 SH / T 0248 <![CDATA[Density at 20 °C / (kg / m 3 )]]> 856.7 SH / T 0604 Calorific value / (MJ / kg) 40.81 GB / T 384

[0180] Comparative Example 4

[0181] Step (1): Preparation of fuel additive components:

[0182] Raw materials: polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (PODE 3-8 ), purchased from Jinan Yongchen Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity of 99%; 2-ethylhexyl nitrate, purchased from Xi'an Wande Energy Chemical Co., Ltd., with a purity greater than 99%.

[0183] 49.75 kg of polymethoxy dimethyl ether and 250 g of isooctyl nitrate are compounded and stirred until uniform to prepare a fuel additive component for use, wherein the mass fraction of polymethoxy dimethyl ether is 99.5% and the mass fraction of isooctyl nitrate is 0.5% based on the total mass of the fuel additive component.

[0184] Step (2): Preparation of fuel composition diesel product:

[0185] The fuel additive component prepared in step (1) is added to the base diesel and mechanically mixed to be uniform. The mass of the functional fuel additive component is 20 kg, and the mass of the base diesel is 30 kg. In the prepared fuel composition diesel product, the mass proportion of the functional fuel additive component is 40%, and the mass proportion of the base diesel is 60%.

[0186] The basic physical and chemical properties of the fuel composition diesel product are shown in Table 12.

[0187] Table 12

[0188]

[0189]

[0190] Test Example 1

[0191] The fuel composition products prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were subjected to engine power evaluation tests on an engine bench. The results are shown in Table 13.

[0192] Table 13

[0193]

[0194]

[0195] Test Example 2

[0196] The fuel composition products prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were subjected to a high frequency reciprocating test method (HFRR) and the average wear spot diameter value (WSD) was reported. The evaluation method was SH / T 0765 "Diesel lubricity evaluation method (high frequency reciprocating test machine method)". The results are shown in Table 14.

[0197] Table 14

[0198]

[0199]

[0200] It can be seen from Tables 13 and 14 that from the data of Comparative Example 1, when the fuel diesel contains only polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether components, the engine power will not be increased, but will be reduced. It is speculated that the reason is that the calorific value of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether is low, and under the same intake pressure conditions, the engine power will be reduced.

[0201] As can be seen from Tables 13 and 14, from the data of the examples and comparative example 1, it can be seen that the fuel composition provided by the present invention makes up for the deficiency of low calorific value of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, improves the power of the engine and improves the lubricity of the fuel product. It should be noted that GB 19147 "Automotive Diesel" requires that the lubricity of diesel is not higher than 460 μm, and the lubricity of the composition product provided by the present invention can meet the use requirements; it can be seen from the above examples that the use of the formulated fuel composition diesel product provided by the present invention can improve the engine power compared with the basic diesel in the same low-pressure environment (same altitude range).

[0202] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, including the combination of various technical features in any other suitable manner, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel composition, characterized in that The composition comprises a base fuel and a functional fuel additive component, wherein the functional fuel additive component comprises a polymethoxy dialkyl ether, a hydrocarbon, a cetane value enhancer and a lubricant, wherein the hydrocarbon is a polycyclic hydrocarbon fuel and / or a cage hydrocarbon fuel, and the lubricant is selected from a dibasic acid monoester compound and a fatty acid and / or a fatty acid polyol ester; Wherein, based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive components, the content of the polymethoxy dialkyl ether is 1-70 mass %, the content of the hydrocarbon is 15-90 mass %, the content of the cetane number enhancer is 0.005-10 mass %, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-5 mass %.

2. The fuel composition according to claim 1, wherein Based on the total mass of the composition, the content of the base fuel is 20-95% by mass, and the content of the functional fuel additive component is 5-80% by mass; Preferably, based on the total mass of the composition, the content of the base fuel is 25-90 mass%, and the content of the functional fuel additive component is 10-75 mass%; Further preferably, based on the total mass of the composition, the content of the base fuel is 25-70% by mass, and the content of the functional fuel additive component is 30-75% by mass.

3. The fuel composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein Based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive components, the content of the polymethoxy dialkyl ether is 5-60 mass %, the content of the hydrocarbon is 32-87 mass %, the content of the hexadecyl enhancer is 0.01-5 mass %, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-3 mass %; Preferably, based on the total mass of the functional fuel additive components, the content of the polymethoxydialkyl ether is 15-50 mass %, the content of the hydrocarbon is 45-80 mass %, the content of the hexadecyl enhancer is 0.01-3 mass %, and the content of the lubricant is 0.001-2 mass %.

4. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein The polymethoxy dialkyl ether has a structure shown in formula (I), [CH3(CH2) x Oh] m1 (CH2O) m2 (CH2) y CH3 formula (I) In formula (I), x and y are each independently 0-30, preferably 1-15, more preferably 1-10, and even more preferably 1-5; m1 and m2 are each independently 1-20, preferably 1-10, and more preferably 1-8; Further preferably, m1 is 1-5, and m2 is 3-8; Preferably, the polymethoxydialkyl ether is selected from at least one of polymethoxydimethyl ether, polymethoxydiethyl ether, polymethoxydipropyl ether, polymethoxydibutyl ether, polymethoxydipentyl ether, polymethoxydihexyl ether, polymethoxydiheptyl ether, polymethoxydioctyl ether, polymethoxydinonyl ether and polymethoxydidecyl ether, and is further preferably selected from at least one of polymethoxydimethyl ether, polymethoxydiethyl ether, polymethoxydipropyl ether and polymethoxydibutyl ether.

5. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The hydrocarbon compound is selected from the group consisting of bridged tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, hanging tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrocyclopentadiene trimer, pentacyclic [5.4.0.0 2,6 .0 3,10 .0 5,9 ] Undecane, mixture of bridged and exo-tetrahydrodimethyldicyclopentadiene, adamantane, alkyl adamantane, C18 tricyclohexane, spirocyclic fuel, dicyclopentane, tricyclopentane, tetracyclopentane, decalin, alkyl decalin, tetracycloheptane, dihomocubane, norbornene dimer, dimethyltetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, methyltetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrotricyclopentadiene derivatives, tetracycloheptane, tetracyclo[7.4.0.0 2,7 .1 3,6 ] At least one of tetradecane and 1,4-bridged methylene-1,2,3,4,4a,9a-hexahydrofluorene, and further preferably at least one selected from bridged tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, hanging tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, dimethyltetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, methyltetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, spirocyclic fuel and alkyl adamantane or a combination thereof.

6. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The cetane number enhancer is selected from at least one of peroxides, nitrate ester compounds, ester compounds, ether compounds, acetal polymers, nitro hydrocarbon compounds and azide compounds; Preferably, the peroxide is at least one selected from hydrogen peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, 1,1-di-tert-butyl peroxide cycloalkane, 2,2-di-tert-butyl peroxide alkane and tert-butyl peroxybenzoate; Preferably, the nitrate ester compound is selected from at least one of isooctyl nitrate, 2-nitro-2-methylpropyl nitrate, 2-methoxyethyl nitrate, 5,6-cyclopentyl-2-norbornene nitrate, 2-ethoxyethyl nitrate, ethylene glycol nitrate, cyclohexyl nitrate, n-butyl nitrate, cyclododecyl nitrate, 3-tetrahydrofuran nitrate, methylbenzyl alcohol nitrate, glycerol trinitrate, tetraethylene glycol dinitrate, isopropyl nitrate, amyl nitrate, heptyl nitrate and nonyl nitrate; Preferably, the ester compound is selected from at least one of carbonate, oleate, oxalate and partially saturated organic acid esters; Preferably, the ether compound is selected from at least one of dimethoxyethane, 1,2,4-trioxane and di-n-pentyl ether; Preferably, the nitro hydrocarbon compound is at least one selected from 2-nitro-2-hexene, 2-nitro-2-octene, 3-methyl-2-nitro-2-pentene, 3-ethyl-2-nitro-2-pentene, 3-methyl-2-nitro-2-butene and 2-methyl-2-nitropropene; Preferably, the azide compound is selected from at least one of propyl azide, isopropyl azide, n-butyl azide, n-pentyl azide, methylbenzene azide, ethylbenzene azide, dimethylbenzene azide, methoxybenzene azide, aminobenzene azide, 2,6-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone diazine, N,N-diethyloctylamine and diethyl oleate.

7. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The dibasic acid monoester compound has a structure shown in formula (II), In formula (II), R1 is selected from C n H 2n-2 The hydrocarbon group, C n H 2n At least one of a hydrocarbon group and a cyclic hydrocarbon group, n is 0-18, preferably 2-4, R2 is a C1-C30 hydrocarbon group, preferably a C1-C18 hydrocarbon group; Preferably, the cyclic hydrocarbon group has a structure shown in formula (III), In formula (III), p is 1-8, q is 0-3, x is 0-8, y1 is 0-2, and y2 is 0-2; Preferably, the fatty acid is selected from C8-C30 saturated fatty acids and / or unsaturated fatty acids, more preferably C12-C20 saturated fatty acids and / or unsaturated fatty acids, more preferably C15-C20 saturated fatty acids and / or unsaturated fatty acids, and even more preferably C15-C20 saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids; Preferably, based on the total mass of C15-C20 saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids, the mass fraction of unsaturated fatty acids is less than 2.5%, more preferably 0-2%; Preferably, the fatty acid polyol ester is selected from C8-C30 fatty acid polyol esters, and more preferably fatty acid monoglyceride and / or fatty acid monopentaerythritol ester.

8. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein The base fuel is selected from at least one of gasoline, diesel and kerosene.

9. Use of the fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in fuel engines in plateau areas.

10. The use according to claim 9, wherein: The application conditions include: a pressure of 30-100 kPa, preferably a pressure of 40-90 kPa, and more preferably a pressure of 50-80 kPa.

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