High-octane gasoline antiknock agent

Abstract

The invention provides a high-octane gasoline antiknock agent, and belongs to the technical field of fuel additives. In the gasoline antiknock agent, a first component is selected from p-aminoanisole, p-aminophenetole, p-aminobenzene isopropyl ether, N-methyl p-aminoanisole, N-methyl p-aminophenetole or N-methyl p-aminobenzene isopropyl ether, a second component is selected from styrene, 2, 5-dimethyl styrene, indene or 1, 2-dihydronaphthalene, and a third component is selected from styrene, 2, 5-dimethyl styrene, indene or 1, 2-dihydronaphthalene. The third component is selected from the group consisting of diisobutylamine, tert-octyl amine, tert-octyl dimethylamine, aniline, diisobutylaniline, diphenylmethylamine and octyl diphenylamine, and the fourth component is selected from the group consisting of o-isopropylphenol, 4-ethyl-2-methylphenol and 4, 5-dimethyl-2-ethylphenol. The gasoline octane number can be effectively improved, the property is stable, and the thermal stability is good; meanwhile, the fuel has good combustibility, does not generate precipitates or residues, and is small in damage to an engine and free of damage to a three-way catalyst; moreover, the cleaning agent does not contain heavy metals, is non-toxic and does not cause pollution to the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fuel additives, in particular to a high-octane gasoline antiknock agent. Background Art

[0002] Gasoline antiknock agent is a substance used to increase the octane number of gasoline for automobiles and prevent or reduce the knocking produced when gasoline is burned in the engine. Its main function is to improve the antiknock performance of gasoline, thereby improving the power and fuel economy of the car, and reducing exhaust pollutant emissions and carbon deposits in the combustion chamber.

[0003] The mechanism of action of anti-knock agents is mainly to destroy the peroxides that have been generated in the engine, reduce the concentration of peroxides in the pre-flame reaction, selectively interrupt some chain reactions, hinder automatic ignition, slow down the rate of energy release, and thus improve the anti-knock property of the fuel. For example, methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) will decompose into active manganese oxide particles under combustion conditions. These particles can destroy the peroxides that have been generated in the engine, reduce the concentration of peroxides in the pre-flame reaction, and thus prevent detonation.

[0004] In the prior art, there are various types of antiknock agents, the most common of which are alcohols, ethers, metals, amines, lipids and compound types. Alcohol antiknock agents are rarely used in gasoline blending due to their poor solubility with gasoline and national standard restrictions; ether antiknock agents are represented by methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), which is widely used, but is limited by oxygen content and calorific value; metal antiknock agents such as tetraethyl lead, ferrocene, MMT, etc., will produce metal deposits in the engine and cause failures, and have been banned or restricted from use; amine antiknock agents are highly alkaline and easily corrosive and expensive, and are rarely used; lipid antiknock agents have low antiknock efficiency when used alone, and are often used in combination; compound antiknock agents are composed of different types of substances and have a wide range of applications, but their effect on improving octane numbers is limited, and the antiknock effect still needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a high-octane gasoline antiknock agent in view of the technical defects of the prior art, so as to solve the technical problem that conventional compound antiknock agents have limited effect on improving the octane number of gasoline and the antiknock effect still needs to be improved.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A high-octane gasoline antiknock agent comprises a first component as shown in Formula 1 and a second component as shown in Formula 2:

[0007] Formula 1 In Formula 1, R1 is selected from H or a C1-C6 alkyl group, and R2 is selected from a C1-C8 alkyl group;

[0008] Formula 2 In formula 2, R3 is selected from C2-C6 alkenyl, R4 is selected from H or C1-C4 alkyl, or R3 and R4 together form a five- to eight-membered ring with a total of C5-C10; R5 is selected from H or C1-C8 alkyl; It also includes a third component, which is selected from one or more of the following components: diisobutylamine, tert-octylamine, tert-octyldimethylamine, aniline, diisobutylaniline, diphenylmethylamine, octyldiphenylamine; The invention also comprises a fourth component, which is selected from one or more of the following ingredients: o-isopropylphenol, 4-ethyl-2-methylphenol, and 4,5-dimethyl-2-ethylphenol.

[0009] Preferably, R1 is H or methyl, R2 is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl; and the -OR2 group is located in the para position to the -NHR1 group.

[0010] Preferably, R3 is vinyl, allyl or 3-methyl-1-butenyl.

[0011] Preferably, R4 is H, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl or isobutyl.

[0012] Preferably, R5 is H, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, neopentyl or n-octyl.

[0013] Preferably, the mass ratio of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component is 5~7:13~16:2~3:5~8.

[0014] Preferably, the anti-explosion agent further comprises a fifth component, and the fifth component is selected from one or more of the following ingredients: dodecyl phosphate, tetradecyl phosphate, and octadecyl phosphate.

[0015] Preferably, the mass ratio of the first component, the second component, the third component, the fourth component and the fifth component is 5~7:13~16:2~3:5~8:0.5~1.

[0016] Preferably, the anti-explosion agent further comprises a sixth component, and the sixth component is selected from one or more of the following ingredients: N,N-dimethylformamide, isobutylformamide, tert-butylformamide.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of the first component, the second component, the third component, the fourth component, the fifth component and the sixth component is 5~7:13~16:2~3:5~8:0.5~1:2.2~3.

[0018] In the present invention, R1 is selected from H or C1-C4 alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl or isobutyl, etc.; R2 is selected from C1-C8 alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, neopentyl or n-octyl, etc., and more preferably, R2 is selected from C1-C4 alkyl. In the present invention, the -OR2 group is located in the para position of the -NHR1 group; R3 is selected from C2-C6 alkenyl, such as vinyl, allyl or 3-methyl-1-butenyl; R4 is selected from H or C1-C4 alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl or iso-heteroyl, etc.; R3 and R4 together with the carbon atoms to which they are connected form a C5-10 saturated or unsaturated five-eight-membered ring, such as cyclopentane, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, methylcyclooctene, cyclohexene, etc. For example, when R5 is H, R3 and R4 together with the carbon atoms to which they are connected form cyclopentene, the component of formula II is indene. R5 is selected from H or C1-C8 alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, neopentyl or n-octyl; more preferably, R5 is selected from C1-C4 alkyl.

[0019] In the above technical solution, the first component can be a single component selected from p-aminoanisole, p-aminophenylethyl ether, p-aminophenyl isopropyl ether, N-methyl p-aminoanisole, N-methyl p-aminophenylethyl ether or N-methyl p-aminophenyl isopropyl; it can also be two components selected from p-aminoanisole and N-methyl p-aminoanisole, or p-aminoanisole and N-methyl p-aminophenylethyl ether, or p-aminophenylethyl ether and N-methyl p-aminophenylethyl ether. In the above technical solution, the second component is styrene, 2,5-dimethylstyrene, indene or 1,2-dihydronaphthalene.

[0020] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the anti-knock agent can also include an organic solvent, and the organic solvent is selected from one or more of the following components: xylene, trimethylbenzene, heavy aromatics, gasoline, kerosene, naphtha, ethanol, isopropanol, tetrahydrofuran, and dioxane. The anti-knock agent can also include an antioxidant, an anti-discoloration agent, a detergent, a corrosion inhibitor, and a defoaming agent; wherein the antioxidant is 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, BHT, p-ethylphenol or p-tert-butylphenol; the discoloration agent is benzotriazole or N,N-diethylhydroxylamine; the detergent is polyetheramine, polyisobutyleneamine; the corrosion inhibitor is imidazoline, fatty amine; the defoaming agent is dimethyl silicone oil, furfuryl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, tert-butyl alcohol or anisole.

[0021] During the preparation of the present invention, the components are mixed at a temperature of 60-80° C. and then stirred evenly; the stirring time is usually 2-3 hours, and the stirring speed is usually 200-300 rpm.

[0022] When the present invention is used, the antiknock agent of the present invention is added to gasoline to form a homogeneous phase, and the final concentration (volume concentration) is usually 0.2% to 2%.

[0023] The present invention provides a high-octane gasoline antiknock agent. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can effectively improve the gasoline octane number, and has stable properties and good thermal stability, and can significantly reduce the formation of gasoline colloid, thereby improving the gasoline quality. At the same time, the present invention has good combustibility, does not produce precipitation or residue, has little damage to the engine, and has no damage to the three-way catalytic converter; moreover, the present invention does not contain heavy metals, is non-toxic, and does not pollute the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the effects of different solutions of the present invention on the octane number of gasoline.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the effect of different addition amounts of the optimal solution of the present invention on the gasoline octane number. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. In addition, ordinary technicians in this field know that with the development of technology and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0027] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present application. In addition, any terminology used is only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the present application.

[0028] In addition, in order to better illustrate the present application, numerous specific details are given in the following specific embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application can also be implemented without certain specific details. In some examples, methods, means, components and circuits well known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the subject matter of the present application.

[0029] A high-octane gasoline antiknock agent comprises a first component as shown in Formula 1 and a second component as shown in Formula 2:

[0030] Formula 1 In Formula 1, R1 is selected from H or a C1-C6 alkyl group, and R2 is selected from a C1-C8 alkyl group;

[0031] Formula 2 In formula 2, R3 is selected from C2-C6 alkenyl, R4 is selected from H or C1-C4 alkyl, or R3 and R4 together form a five- to eight-membered ring with a total of C5-C10; R5 is selected from H or C1-C8 alkyl; It also includes a third component, which is selected from one or more of the following components: diisobutylamine, tert-octylamine, tert-octyldimethylamine, aniline, diisobutylaniline, diphenylmethylamine, octyldiphenylamine; The invention also comprises a fourth component, which is selected from one or more of the following ingredients: o-isopropylphenol, 4-ethyl-2-methylphenol, and 4,5-dimethyl-2-ethylphenol.

[0032] The first component may be a single component selected from p-aminoanisole, p-aminophenylethyl ether, p-aminophenyl isopropyl ether, N-methyl p-aminoanisole, N-methyl p-aminophenylethyl ether or N-methyl p-aminophenyl isopropyl; or may be two components selected from p-aminoanisole and N-methyl p-aminoanisole, or p-aminoanisole and N-methyl p-aminophenylethyl ether, or p-aminophenylethyl ether and N-methyl p-aminophenylethyl ether. In the above technical scheme, the second component is styrene, 2,5-dimethylstyrene, indene or 1,2-dihydronaphthalene.

[0033] Scenario 1: p-Anisole, styrene, tert-octylamine, 4-ethyl-2-methylphenol were mixed at a mass ratio of 6:13:2.5:7 at 60-80°C, and then stirred evenly to obtain an antiknock agent; the stirring time was 2-3 hours, and the stirring speed was 200-300 rpm. The antiknock agent was added to 92# base gasoline to form a homogeneous phase, and the final concentration (volume concentration) was 0.8%. The research octane number of the oil product was 97.2.

[0034] Scenario 2: N-methyl-p-aminophenyl isopropyl, 2,5-dimethylstyrene, diisobutylaniline, and 4-ethyl-2-methylphenol were mixed at a mass ratio of 5:14:2.8:6 at 60-80°C, and then stirred evenly to obtain an antiknock agent; the stirring time was 2-3 hours, and the stirring speed was 200-300 rpm. The antiknock agent was added to 92# base gasoline to form a homogeneous phase, and the final concentration (volume concentration) was 0.8%. The research octane number of the oil product was 96.5.

[0035] Scenario 3: A mixture of p-aminoanisole and N-methyl p-aminoanisole in equal molar ratios, indene, aniline, and o-isopropylphenol are mixed at a mass ratio of 7:16:2:8 at 60-80°C, and then stirred evenly to obtain an antiknock agent; the stirring time is 2-3 hours, and the stirring speed is 200-300 rpm. The antiknock agent is added to 92# base gasoline to form a homogeneous phase, and the final concentration (volume concentration) is 0.8%. The research octane number of the detected oil product is 97.4.

[0036] Solution 4: A mixture of p-aminophenyl ether and N-methyl p-aminophenyl ether in equal molar ratios, 2,5-dimethylstyrene, octyl diphenylamine, and 4-ethyl-2-methylphenol are mixed at a mass ratio of 6.2:13.5:2.7:5.9 at 60-80°C, and then stirred evenly to obtain an antiknock agent; the stirring time is 2-3 hours, and the stirring speed is 200-300 rpm. The antiknock agent is added to 92# base gasoline to form a homogeneous phase, and the final concentration (volume concentration) is 0.8%. The research octane number of the detected oil product is 96.8.

[0037] Solution 5: Isopropyl aminophenyl ether, tert-octylamine, tert-octyl dimethylamine, and o-isopropylphenol were mixed at a mass ratio of 6.3:14.4:2.7:7.1 at 60-80°C, and then stirred evenly to obtain an antiknock agent; the stirring time was 2-3 hours, and the stirring speed was 200-300 rpm. The antiknock agent was added to 92# base gasoline to form a homogeneous phase, and the final concentration (volume concentration) was 0.8%. The research octane number of the oil product was 97.7.

[0038] Solution 6: N-methyl p-aminoanisole, styrene, tert-octylamine, o-isopropylphenol, and dodecyl phosphate were mixed at a mass ratio of 6:15:2.4:7:0.8 at 60-80°C, and then stirred evenly to obtain an antiknock agent; the stirring time was 2-3 hours, and the stirring speed was 200-300 rpm. The antiknock agent was added to 92# base gasoline to form a homogeneous phase, and the final concentration (volume concentration) was 0.8%. The research octane number of the oil product was 98.4.

[0039] Solution 7 N-methyl p-aminoanisole, styrene, tert-octylamine, o-isopropylphenol, dodecyl phosphate, isobutylformamide are mixed at a mass ratio of 6:15:2.4:7:0.8:2.3 at 60-80°C, and then stirred evenly to obtain an antiknock agent; the stirring time is 2-3 hours, and the stirring speed is 200-300 rpm. The antiknock agent is added to 92# base gasoline to form a homogeneous phase, and the final concentration (volume concentration) is 0.8%. The research octane number of the oil product is 99.1.

[0040] On the basis of Scheme 7, the addition concentration was adjusted from 0.8% to 0.2%, 0.5%, 1.2%, 1.6% and 2.0% respectively, and the research octane numbers of the tested oil products were 96.5, 97.9, 99.0, 99.2 and 99.1 respectively.

[0041] On the basis of Scheme 7, 93# base gasoline and 97# base gasoline were used as base gasoline respectively. Other conditions remained unchanged and the experiments were repeated. The research octane numbers of the tested oils were 99.4 and 99.6 respectively.

[0042] In summary, after reading this detailed disclosure, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the aforementioned detailed disclosure may be presented only by way of example and may not be restrictive. Although not explicitly stated herein, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this application is intended to encompass various reasonable changes, improvements and modifications to the embodiments. These changes, improvements and modifications are intended to be proposed by this application and are within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0043] It should be understood that in the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present application, in order to help understand a feature and to simplify the present application, the present application combines various features in a single embodiment, drawing or description thereof. However, this does not mean that the combination of these features is necessary, and it is entirely possible for those skilled in the art to extract some of the features and understand them as separate embodiments when reading the present application.

[0044] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrations of the principles of the present application. Other modified embodiments are also within the scope of the present application. The embodiments disclosed herein are merely examples and not limitations, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the embodiments precisely described above.

Claims

1. A high-octane gasoline antiknock agent, characterized in that It includes a first component as shown in Formula 1 and a second component as shown in Formula 2: ： Formula 1 In Formula 1, R1 is selected from H or a C1-C6 alkyl group, and R2 is selected from a C1-C8 alkyl group; ： Formula 2 In Formula 2, R3 is selected from C2-C6 alkenyl, R4 is selected from H or C1-C4 alkyl, or R3 and R4 together form a five- to eight-membered ring with a total of C5-C10; R5 is selected from H or C1-C8 alkyl; It also includes a third component, which is selected from one or more of the following components: diisobutylamine, tert-octylamine, tert-octyldimethylamine, aniline, diisobutylaniline, diphenylmethylamine, octyldiphenylamine; The invention also comprises a fourth component, which is selected from one or more of the following ingredients: o-isopropylphenol, 4-ethyl-2-methylphenol, and 4,5-dimethyl-2-ethylphenol.

2. The high-octane gasoline antiknock agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: R1 is H or methyl, R2 is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl; the -OR2 group is located in the para position to the -NHR1 group.

3. The high-octane gasoline antiknock agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: R3 is vinyl, allyl or 3-methyl-1-butenyl.

4. The high-octane gasoline antiknock agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: R4 is H, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl or isobutyl.

5. The high-octane gasoline antiknock agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: R5 is H, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, isobutyl, neopentyl or n-octyl.

6. The high-octane gasoline antiknock agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the first component, the second component, the third component and the fourth component is 5~7:13~16:2~3:5~8.

7. The high-octane gasoline antiknock agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-knock agent also includes a fifth component, which is selected from one or more of the following components: dodecyl phosphate, tetradecyl phosphate, and octadecyl phosphate.

8. The high-octane gasoline antiknock agent according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the first component, the second component, the third component, the fourth component and the fifth component is 5~7:13~16:2~3:5~8:0.5~1.

9. The high-octane gasoline antiknock agent according to claim 7, characterized in that: The anti-knock agent also includes a sixth component, which is selected from one or more of the following components: N,N-dimethylformamide, isobutylformamide, and tert-butylformamide.

10. The high-octane gasoline antiknock agent according to claim 9, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the first component, the second component, the third component, the fourth component, the fifth component and the sixth component is 5~7:13~16:2~3:5~8:0.5~1:2.2~3.

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