Oil cylinder type hydraulic chuck and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of coal mine tunnel heading face drilling, and relates to an oil cylinder type hydraulic chuck and a working method thereof, and the chuck realizes radial movement of a slip through accurate control of an oil cylinder piston rod, so that a drill rod is easily clamped or loosened. Compared with a traditional chuck, the chuck has the advantages of being simple in structure and reasonable in design, and the complexity and maintenance difficulty of equipment are greatly simplified. And meanwhile, the dismounting efficiency is extremely high, the slip replacement process can be completed only through simple operation without the help of a complex tool, and the construction efficiency of the drilling machine is greatly improved. In addition, the oil cylinder type hydraulic chuck further adopts a double oil leakage prevention structure, the stability and the sealing performance of an oil way system are effectively ensured, damage to equipment caused by hydraulic oil leakage is avoided, and the oil cylinder type hydraulic chuck is high in reliability, long in service life and capable of stably working in a severe underground coal mine environment for a long time. Therefore, the invention is suitable for the field of coal mine tunnel heading face drilling, and provides efficient and reliable drilling equipment selection for coal mining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of coal mine tunnel excavation face drilling and relates to an oil cylinder type hydraulic chuck and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The chuck of underground coal mine drilling rig is an important part of the power head, which is used to clamp the drill rod and provide torque and axial force. Currently, the commonly used chucks are basically hydraulically driven, and are divided into two categories: rubber sleeve type and mechanical type according to different implementation principles.

[0003] The rubber sleeve type chuck mainly relies on hydraulic pressure to compress the rubber sleeve, and the rubber sleeve squeezes the slips and then clamps the drill rod. When the oil leaks, the spring between the slips automatically resets to loosen the drill rod. The main components of the rubber sleeve type chuck include front and rear end covers, chuck housing, rubber sleeve, support ring, torque transmission plate, spring, etc. Among them, the spring pre-tightening is installed between the slips, which are bolted to the torque transmission plate, and the outside is wrapped with a rubber sleeve, and the rubber sleeve is kept in position by the support ring, front and rear end covers. The main working principle is: high-pressure hydraulic oil is injected into the external cavity of the rubber sleeve, which continuously compresses the rubber sleeve to deform, and then squeezes the connected slips to produce radial movement and clamp the drill rod. When the chuck is loosened, the hydraulic oil in the outer cavity of the rubber sleeve is output by controlling the oil, and the slips are driven to reset by the springs connected between the slips. However, the rubber sleeve type chuck has the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1. The main moving part of the rubber sleeve type chuck is made of rubber. The fatigue cycle stress generated during the frequent extrusion process, coupled with the influence of high-temperature hydraulic oil, will quickly cause the body to wear and age, and the rubber sleeve needs to be replaced frequently.

[0005] 2. Rubber sleeve type chucks are prone to oil leakage, clamping failure, etc.

[0006] 3. Replacing the rubber sleeve chuck is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and requires additional tooling, which seriously affects the construction efficiency of the drilling rig.

[0007] The common structure and working principle of mechanical chucks are as follows: the slip and the slip sleeve are fitted with an inclined surface. When the hydraulic oil drives the axial movement of the slip sleeve, the friction force of the inclined surface will provide a centripetal radial component to push the slip to move and thus clamp the drill pipe. Similarly, when loosening the drill pipe, you only need to inject hydraulic oil in the opposite direction to complete the loosening of the slip. The main components of the mechanical chuck are: front and rear end covers, slip sleeves, retaining rings, chuck spindles, etc. Among them, the slip and the slip sleeve are nested and connected, and the contact surfaces of the two are inclined surfaces. The movement direction of the slip is restricted by the retaining ring and the chuck spindle. The main working principle is: the slip sleeve is acted upon by high-pressure oil, which produces axial movement in the direction of the chuck spindle, and generates an inclined friction force on the contact surface of the slip. The radial component force generated by the decomposition pushes the slip to move radially and clamps the drill pipe. When the chuck is loosened, the slip can be loosened by controlling the oil port to make the slip sleeve move axially in the opposite direction. However, mechanical chucks also have obvious defects:

[0008] The mechanical chuck has frequent friction and wear between the slip sleeve and the slip contact surface, which causes a gap in the contact surface. The radial force direction of the slip changes, which can easily cause it to get stuck. The slip cannot be opened in time after clamping the drill pipe.

[0009] In addition, rubber sleeve chucks and mechanical chucks have the following common problems:

[0010] There are too many internal parts in both, and it is time-consuming and laborious to replace wearing parts such as slips and rubber sleeves. In particular, the rubber sleeve type chuck requires special tooling to replace the rubber sleeve, and the process is quite cumbersome. In summary, at present, there are many shortcomings in the commonly used hydraulic chucks of drilling rig power heads, and a new technical solution is urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0011] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder type hydraulic chuck and a working method thereof to solve the existing problems.

[0012] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a cylinder type hydraulic chuck, comprising a chuck housing, a main end cover, two side end covers, two slips, two piston rods, a first bolt, a first washer, a second bolt, a second washer, a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring; the main end cover is fixed to one axial end of the chuck housing by the first bolt and the first washer, and the two side end covers are symmetrically fixed to the radial sides of the chuck housing by the second bolt and the second washer respectively; the slips are radially symmetrically arranged at the inner stop of the chuck housing, and each slip is fixedly connected to a piston rod respectively; four oil channels are provided inside the chuck housing, including two clamping oil channels and two loosening oil channels, and the clamping oil channel and the loosening oil channel are respectively connected to the rodless chamber and the rod chamber of the piston rod.

[0013] Optionally, a first sealing ring is provided between the sliding contact surface of the piston rod and the chuck housing, and a second sealing ring is provided between the main end cover and the axial contact surface of the chuck housing.

[0014] Optionally, the first sealing ring forms a dynamic seal with the sliding surface of the piston rod, and the second sealing ring forms a static seal with the end surface of the main end cover, and the two together constitute a double anti-oil leakage structure.

[0015] Optionally, the main end cover, the chuck housing and the side end cover are detachably connected by a first bolt, a first washer, a second bolt and a second washer.

[0016] Optionally, the two piston rods and the two slips are arranged symmetrically at 180 degrees, and the radial movement of the piston rods directly drives the slips to clamp or release the drill pipe.

[0017] Optionally, there are two clamping oil circuits and two loosening oil circuits, and the four oil passages are not interconnected.

[0018] A working method of a cylinder type hydraulic chuck, using the above cylinder type hydraulic chuck, comprises the following steps: when the chuck needs to be clamped, two clamping oil circuits input high pressure oil to fill the rodless cavity of the piston and push the slips to clamp the drill rod;

[0019] When the chuck needs to be loosened, high-pressure oil is input into the two loosening oil circuits to fill the piston rod cavity, drive the slips to retract and reset, and realize the loosening of the chuck.

[0020] Optionally, the cava can be replaced by unscrewing the first bolt, removing the main end cover, and then pulling out the cava horizontally for replacement, without the need for assembly tooling to disassemble and assemble like a rubber sleeve type chuck.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] First, compared with traditional rubber sleeve chucks and mechanical chucks, the cylinder hydraulic chuck uses the cylinder piston rod to drive the slips to move radially, thereby clamping or loosening the drill pipe. This design makes the oil circuit simpler and reduces the possible failure points caused by complex structures. Therefore, it is not easy to get stuck during use, which improves the reliability and stability of the equipment.

[0023] Secondly, the number of main components of the cylinder hydraulic chuck is greatly reduced, which not only reduces the manufacturing cost, but also makes the replacement of slips simpler and more efficient. When the slips need to be replaced, the operator only needs to unscrew a few bolts, remove the main end cover, and then pull out the slips horizontally for replacement, without the need for complex assembly tools like traditional chucks. This design greatly reduces the downtime and maintenance costs of the drilling rig and improves the efficiency of drilling operations.

[0024] In addition, the cylinder hydraulic chuck has a simple structure, the slips are evenly stressed, and there is no friction and wear on key parts, so it has a longer service life. Except for the inevitable wear and tear caused by long-term clamping of the drill pipe, the chuck has no other wearing parts, which further reduces the maintenance cost and use cost of the equipment.

[0025] Finally, the design of the cylinder hydraulic chuck also takes into account the convenience and safety in actual operation. Its compact structure and small footprint make it easy to install and use in narrow spaces such as underground coal mines. At the same time, the operation of the chuck is simple and clear, reducing the labor intensity and safety risks of operators.

[0026] In summary, the cylinder hydraulic chuck has the advantages of simple structure, high disassembly efficiency, strong reliability, long service life, low maintenance cost, convenient and safe operation, etc. These advantages make the cylinder hydraulic chuck have broad application prospects and promotion value in the field of coal mine tunnel excavation face drilling.

[0027] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydraulic chuck of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Middle AA section view.

[0031] Reference numerals: drill rod 1, first bolt 2, first washer 3, side end cover 4, second bolt 5, second washer 6, slip 7, first sealing ring 8, piston rod 9, chuck housing 10, main end cover 11, second sealing ring 12;

[0032] Among them, the clamping oil circuit is the J oil circuit, and the loosening oil circuit is the S oil circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0034] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0035] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a cylinder type hydraulic chuck and a working method thereof, which specifically includes a chuck housing 10, a main end cover 11, two side end covers 4, two slips 7, two piston rods 9, a first bolt 2, a first gasket 3, a second bolt 5, a second gasket 6, a first sealing ring 8 and a second sealing ring 12.

[0037] During assembly, the main end cover 11 is fixed to one axial end of the chuck housing 10 by means of the first bolt 2 and the first washer 3, ensuring a tight connection between the main end cover 11 and the chuck housing 10. At the same time, the two side end covers 4 are symmetrically fixed to the radial sides of the chuck housing 10 by means of the second bolt 5 and the second washer 6, respectively, to further strengthen the overall structure of the chuck.

[0038] The slips 7 are radially symmetrically arranged at the inner stop of the chuck housing 10, and each slip 7 is fixedly connected to a piston rod 9. This symmetrical arrangement ensures that the slips 7 are evenly stressed when clamping or releasing the drill rod 1, avoiding the occurrence of jamming.

[0039] Four oil passages are arranged inside the chuck housing 10, including two clamping oil passages and two loosening oil passages. The two clamping oil passages are respectively connected to the rodless chamber of the piston rod 9, for inputting high-pressure oil when clamping the drill rod 1; and the two loosening oil passages are respectively connected to the rod chamber of the piston rod 9, for inputting high-pressure oil when loosening the drill rod 1. The four oil passages are not connected to each other, ensuring the independence and stability of the oil passage system.

[0040] In order to further improve the sealing performance of the chuck, a first sealing ring 8 is provided between the sliding contact surface of the piston rod 9 and the chuck housing 10 to form a dynamic seal. At the same time, a second sealing ring 12 is provided between the main end cover 11 and the axial contact surface of the chuck housing 10 to form a static seal. This double anti-leakage structure can effectively prevent hydraulic oil leakage and ensure the normal operation of the chuck.

[0041] In specific operation, when the drill rod 1 needs to be clamped, high-pressure oil is simultaneously input into the two clamping oil passages (J oil passages) to fill the piston rodless cavity and push the slips 7 to move radially, thereby clamping the drill rod 1. When the drill rod 1 needs to be loosened, high-pressure oil is simultaneously input into the two loosening oil passages (S oil passages) to fill the piston rod cavity and drive the slips 7 to retract and reset, thereby loosening the chuck.

[0042] In addition, the oil cylinder type hydraulic chuck of the present invention also has the advantages of simple structure and high disassembly efficiency. When the slip 7 needs to be replaced, the operator only needs to unscrew the first bolt 2 and remove the main end cover 11, and then the slip 7 can be pulled out horizontally for replacement, without the need for complex assembly tools to disassemble and assemble like traditional chucks. This design greatly reduces the downtime and maintenance costs of the drilling rig and improves the efficiency of drilling operations. Through the description of the above specific embodiments and the illustrations of the accompanying drawings, the structure and working principle of the oil cylinder type hydraulic chuck of the present invention are clearly explained. This new type of chuck not only solves the problems existing in the prior art, but also has the beneficial effects of simple structure, high disassembly efficiency, strong reliability, long service life, low maintenance cost, and convenient and safe operation. It has broad application prospects and promotion value in the field of coal mine tunnel excavation face drilling.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylinder type hydraulic chuck, characterized in that: It includes a chuck housing, a main end cover, two side end covers, two slips, two piston rods, a first bolt, a first washer, a second bolt, a second washer, a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring; The main end cover is fixed to one axial end of the chuck housing by the first bolt and the first washer, and the two side end covers are symmetrically fixed to the radial sides of the chuck housing by the second bolt and the second washer respectively; The slips are radially symmetrically arranged at the inner stop of the chuck housing, and each slip is fixedly connected to a piston rod; Four oil passages are arranged inside the chuck housing, including two clamping oil passages and two loosening oil passages. The clamping oil passages and the loosening oil passages are connected to the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the piston rod respectively.

2. The cylinder type hydraulic chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sealing ring is arranged between the sliding contact surface of the piston rod and the chuck housing, and the second sealing ring is arranged between the main end cover and the axial contact surface of the chuck housing.

3. The cylinder type hydraulic chuck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first sealing ring forms a dynamic seal with the sliding surface of the piston rod, and the second sealing ring forms a static seal with the end surface of the main end cover, and the two together constitute a double anti-oil leakage structure.

4. The cylinder type hydraulic chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main end cover, the chuck housing and the side end cover are detachably connected by the first bolt, the first washer, the second bolt and the second washer.

5. The cylinder type hydraulic chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two piston rods and the two slips are arranged symmetrically at 180 degrees, and the radial movement of the piston rod directly drives the slips to clamp or loosen the drill pipe.

6. The cylinder type hydraulic chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two clamping oil circuits and two loosening oil circuits, and the four oil passages are not connected to each other.

7. A method for operating a cylinder type hydraulic chuck, using a cylinder type hydraulic chuck as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When the chuck needs to be clamped, high-pressure oil is input into the two clamping oil circuits to fill the piston rodless cavity and push the slips to clamp the drill rod; When the chuck needs to be loosened, high-pressure oil is input into the two loosening oil circuits to fill the piston rod cavity, drive the slips to retract and reset, and realize the loosening of the chuck.

8. The working method of a cylinder type hydraulic chuck according to claim 7, characterized in that: The way to replace the slip is to unscrew the first bolt, remove the main end cover, and then pull out the slip horizontally for replacement. There is no need to use assembly tools for disassembly and assembly like a rubber sleeve type chuck.

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