Body tube inner diameter measuring instrument and body tube inner diameter measuring method

Abstract

The invention relates to inner diameter measurement of a tubular structure, in particular to a barrel inner diameter measuring instrument and a barrel inner diameter measuring method, which are used for accurately measuring the section size of the inner diameter (negative and positive lines) of a pipeline. The barrel inner diameter measuring instrument is mainly composed of two parts, namely a measuring unit and a data processing and displaying unit. The measuring unit is placed in the artillery barrel, a color confocal sensor module probe arranged in the measuring unit emits laser to irradiate the surface of a measured object, a reflection mode is formed, and size measurement of the inner diameter of the artillery barrel is achieved. A measurement optical signal is converted into an electric signal through the photoelectric conversion module, and after data processing is carried out through an algorithm, the measured physical size is analyzed. And a display module on the data processing display unit is used for displaying information such as measured values and measured angles. The product design fully considers use environment conditions and installation space requirements, and the whole design adopts an integrated design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to measuring the inner diameter of a tubular structure, and is used for accurately measuring the cross-sectional dimensions of the inner diameter (yin-yang line) of a pipeline. The invention specifically relates to a barrel inner diameter measuring instrument and a barrel inner diameter measuring method. Background Art

[0002] For the measurement of the inner diameter of artillery barrels and other narrow and long tube structures, factories currently use extended calipers for measurement. The caliper accuracy is 0.02mm, which cannot meet the measurement accuracy requirement of 0.01mm. In addition, different people get different measurement results and there are differences in the measurement process. In the prior art, the inner diameter of the barrel can be measured by an imaging device similar to an endoscope, but this device is expensive (millions of dollars) and very inconvenient to use. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention aims to solve the technical problem that there is a lack of a device with low cost and accurate measurement results when measuring the inner diameter of a barrel and a long tube structure at present, and provides a barrel inner diameter measuring instrument and a barrel inner diameter measuring method.

[0004] The barrel inner diameter measuring instrument of the present invention comprises a measuring unit and a data processing and display unit; The measuring unit comprises a measuring head, a measuring body, a measuring rod and a gyroscope with a wireless transceiver function which are connected in sequence; the measuring head comprises a camera protection cover and a camera installed inside the camera protection cover for collecting front images; the measuring body comprises a deformable ring and a tubular fixed bracket which are connected in sequence to the end of the camera protection cover, a color confocal sensor module with a wireless transceiver function is installed inside the deformable ring and the fixed bracket, a collection hole is opened on the side wall of the deformable ring, a reflecting prism is arranged at the front end of the color confocal sensor module, the reflecting prism can reflect the detection light emitted by the color confocal sensor module through the collection hole, and collect the reflected light through the collection hole; The camera is connected to a camera line, which passes through the measuring body and the measuring rod from front to back and is led out; the color confocal sensor module is connected to an optical cable, which passes through the measuring body and the measuring rod from front to back and is led out; The data processing and display unit includes an integrated wireless transceiver module, a power conversion module, a data solution module, a data processing module, a photoelectric conversion module and a display module; the power conversion module is used to connect an external power supply and power other modules, the wireless transceiver module wirelessly communicates with the color confocal sensor module and the gyroscope to control the action of the color confocal sensor module, and at the same time obtains the rotation angle data of the measuring unit collected by the gyroscope and transmits it to the data solution module; the camera line is connected to the display module, the optical cable is connected to the photoelectric conversion module, the photoelectric conversion module is connected to the data solution module through the data processing module, and the data solution module is connected to the display module.

[0005] The measuring instrument receives the measuring light signal through the optical cable, and the photoelectric conversion module converts the measuring light signal into an electrical signal, and then analyzes the measured physical size after data processing through the algorithm. The display module on the data processing display unit displays the measured value and measurement angle and other information.

[0006] Furthermore, a handwheel is installed at the end of the measuring rod, and the gyroscope is installed inside the handwheel; the handwheel has a central hole for the optical cable and the camera line to pass through, and the outer circumference of the handwheel is engraved with angle scale lines.

[0007] Furthermore, a length scale is engraved on the outer surface of the measuring rod along the axial direction.

[0008] Furthermore, a sliding block is slidably sleeved on the measuring rod, the end of the sliding block is a radially protruding structure, and the protruding structure is provided with a limiting bolt for limiting the position of the sliding block.

[0009] Furthermore, a locking nut is fixedly connected to the end of the camera protection cover; the front end of the fixing bracket is an extension section with a reduced diameter, and the extension section extends into the interior of the deformation ring and is clamped; the inner wall of the front end of the extension section is provided with an internal thread, the end of the locking nut protrudes backwards and the outer wall of the protruding section is provided with an external thread, and the locking nut is spirally connected to the front end of the extension section through the protruding section; a hole is provided on the extension section at a position corresponding to the collection hole; The end of the fixed bracket is connected with a movable nut, the middle outer ring of the movable nut is sleeved with a limiting ring, the outer ring of the end of the movable nut is threadedly connected with a connecting block, and the end of the connecting block is connected to the measuring rod through a thread.

[0010] Furthermore, the measuring rod is a multi-section structure, and adjacent sections are connected by connecting screw sleeves.

[0011] A barrel inner diameter measuring method according to the present invention comprises the following steps: extending a measuring head and a measuring body of a measuring unit into the barrel or narrow tube to be measured, leaving the end of a measuring rod outside the barrel or narrow tube to be measured, and having an interference fit between a deformation ring of the measuring unit and the inner wall of the barrel or narrow tube to be measured; after the position of the measuring unit is determined, a data processing and display unit controls a probe of a color confocal sensor module built into the measuring unit through a wireless transceiver module to emit laser light to illuminate the inner wall of the barrel or narrow tube to be measured, and simultaneously collects reflected light from the inner wall of the barrel or narrow tube to be measured; rotating the measuring unit for one circle, and collecting reflected light signals of a certain cross section of the barrel or narrow tube to be measured by the color confocal sensor module, and using the reflected light signals as measuring light signals and transmitting them to the data processing and display unit through an optical cable; The power conversion module converts the external power supply into the power required by the measuring instrument to power each module; the wireless transceiver module communicates with the gyroscope to obtain the rotation angle data; the measurement light signal is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion module through the optical cable, the photoelectric conversion module converts the measurement light signal into an analog voltage signal, and the data processing module converts the analog voltage signal into a data quantity signal, which is sent to the data solution module as the measurement light data; the data solution module synchronously solves the received rotation angle data and the measurement light data, and finally obtains the inner diameter measurement value of a certain section of the barrel or narrow and long tube to be measured, and displays it through the display module, and at the same time, the display module displays the internal image of the barrel or narrow and long tube to be measured captured by the camera in real time.

[0012] Furthermore, the algorithm used by the data solution module for solution is as follows: assuming that the distance between the main optical axis of the color confocal sensor module and the central axis of the measuring unit is b, and the distance between the main optical axis of the tube or narrow tube to be measured and the color confocal sensor module measured at a certain angle is a, then the inner radius of the tube or narrow tube to be measured at a certain angle is R (x) = a + b, where 0° ≤ x ≤ 180°, and the inner diameter of the tube or narrow tube to be measured is d = R (x) + R (x + 180°); the measuring unit is rotated one circle to obtain multiple groups of inner diameter data of the tube or narrow tube to be measured, and the final inner diameter measurement value of the tube or narrow tube to be measured is obtained by averaging.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the invention: The measuring instrument and measuring method of the invention have high measuring accuracy, and the portable design is convenient to carry; it meets the factory environment requirements: waterproof and dustproof; the temperature measurement range is 15-30 degrees Celsius; the measuring accuracy can reach 0.0001mm; the technical requirements for personnel are not high, and no professional training is required. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the measurement unit structure.

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the measuring head and measuring body.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the measuring head and measuring body.

[0017] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the color confocal sensor module emitting and collecting reflected light.

[0018] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the deformation ring structure.

[0019] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the deformation of the deformation ring.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the slider structure.

[0021] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the length scale on the measuring rod.

[0022] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the handwheel.

[0023] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the handwheel.

[0024] Fig.11 A cross-link diagram showing the unit for measurement and data processing.

[0025] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal image of the barrel taken by the camera.

[0026] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the data settlement module algorithm Figure 1 .

[0027] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the data settlement module algorithm Figure 2 .

[0028] Fig.15 The measurement process shown in the display module Figure 1 .

[0029] Fig.16 The measurement process shown in the display module Figure 2 .

[0030] 1-camera, 2-camera protection cover, 3-locking nut, 4-deformation ring, 5-color confocal sensor module, 6-fixed bracket, 7-movable nut, 8-limiting ring, 9-connecting block, 10-optical cable, 11-camera cable, 12-reflecting prism, 13-collection hole, 14-slider, 15-limiting bolt, 16-measuring rod, 17-connecting screw sleeve, 18-handwheel, 19-gyroscope, 20-L-type mounting bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The barrel inner diameter measuring instrument described in the present invention is mainly composed of two parts. They are a measuring unit and a data processing and display unit. The measuring unit is placed in the barrel of the gun, and the built-in color confocal sensor module 5 probe of the measuring unit emits a laser to illuminate the surface of the object to be measured, forming a reflection mode to achieve the size measurement of the inner diameter of the gun barrel. The data processing and display unit receives the measured light signal through the optical cable 10, converts the measured light signal into an electrical signal through the photoelectric conversion module, and then analyzes the measured physical size after data processing through the algorithm. The display module (display screen) on the data processing and display unit displays information such as the measured value and the measurement angle. The product design fully considers the use environment conditions and installation space requirements, and the overall design adopts an integrated design. The specific implementation scheme of the present invention is further introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a barrel inner diameter measuring instrument comprises a measuring unit and a data processing and display unit; The measuring unit comprises a measuring head, a measuring body, a measuring rod 16 connected in sequence, and a gyroscope 19 with a wireless transceiver function installed on the measuring unit; the measuring head comprises a camera protection cover 2 and a camera 1 installed inside the camera protection cover 2 for collecting front images; the measuring body comprises a deformable ring 4 and a tubular fixed bracket 6 connected in sequence to the end of the camera protection cover 2, a color confocal sensor module 5 with a wireless transceiver function is installed inside the deformable ring 4 and the fixed bracket 6, a collection hole 13 is opened on the side wall of the deformable ring 4, and a reflection prism 12 is provided at the front end of the color confocal sensor module 5, the reflection prism 12 can reflect the detection light emitted by the color confocal sensor module 5 through the collection hole 13, and collect the reflected light through the collection hole 13; The camera 1 is connected to a camera line 11, which passes through the measuring body and the measuring rod 16 from front to back and is led out; the color confocal sensor module 5 is connected to an optical cable 10, which passes through the measuring body and the measuring rod 16 from front to back and is led out; like Fig.11As shown, the data processing and display unit includes an integrated wireless transceiver module, a power conversion module, a data solution module, a data processing module, a photoelectric conversion module and a display module; the power conversion module is used to connect an external power supply and power other modules, the wireless transceiver module communicates wirelessly with the color confocal sensor module 5 and the gyroscope 19, controls the action of the color confocal sensor module 5, and simultaneously obtains the rotation angle data of the measuring unit collected by the gyroscope 19 and transmits it to the data solution module; the camera line 11 is connected to the display module, the optical cable 10 is connected to the photoelectric conversion module, the photoelectric conversion module is connected to the data solution module through the data processing module, and the data solution module is connected to the display module. The length of the measuring head and the measuring body is about 300mm, and the tail optical cable is about 5 meters long. The camera protection cover 2 is designed to be conical, with a semicircular front end and a smooth surface; the material is polytetrafluoroethylene, and the camera 1 is installed inside, which can protect the camera 1 and avoid scratching the inner wall of the barrel.

[0033] Combination Fig. 9 , 10 As shown, a hand wheel 18 is installed at the end of the measuring rod 16, and a gyroscope 19, a wireless module and a battery are installed inside the hand wheel; the hand wheel 18 has a central hole for the optical cable 10 and the camera line 11 to pass through, and the outer circumference of the hand wheel 18 is engraved with angle scale lines to facilitate observation of the rotation angle of the measuring rod 16; the length of the external optical cable 10 and the camera line 11 is at least one meter, so the measuring rod 16 rotates one circle, and it will not affect the connection between the optical cable 10 and the camera line 11 and the data processing display unit. The length of the hand wheel 18 with the rod is about 300mm.

[0034] like Figure 8 As shown, a length scale is engraved on the outer surface of the measuring rod 16 along the axial direction, which is convenient for observing and recording the length of the measuring rod 16 extending into the barrel.

[0035] like Figure 7 As shown, a slider 14 is slidably sleeved on the measuring rod 16, and the end of the slider 14 is a radial protrusion structure, and the protrusion structure is provided with a limit bolt 15 for limiting the position of the slider 14. The protrusion structure is convenient for being stuck at the external port of the barrel, so as to position the measuring rod 16 in the axial direction and improve the measurement accuracy; the limit bolt 15 is used to realize the positioning and unlocking of the slider 14.

[0036] like Figure 3As shown, a locking nut 3 is fixedly connected to the end of the camera protection cover 2; the front end of the fixed bracket 6 is an extension section with a reduced diameter, which extends into the interior of the deformable ring 4 and is clamped; the inner wall of the front end of the extension section is provided with an internal thread, the end of the locking nut 3 protrudes backward and the outer wall of the protruding section is provided with an external thread, and the locking nut 3 is spirally connected to the front end of the extension section through the protruding section; a hole is provided on the extension section at a position corresponding to the collection hole 13; the end of the fixed bracket 6 is connected to a movable nut 7, the outer ring of the middle section of the movable nut 7 is sleeved with a limiting ring 8, the outer ring of the end of the movable nut 7 is threadedly connected to a connecting block 9, and the end of the connecting block 9 is connected to the measuring rod 16 through a thread.

[0037] like Figure 1 It can be seen that the measuring rod 16 is a multi-section structure, and adjacent sections are connected by connecting screw sleeves 17. The length of each section is 500mm. The measuring rod is generally composed of 5 sections, which can be lengthened or shortened depending on the specific situation.

[0038] The deformation ring 4 is used to adapt the measuring instrument to the slight change of the caliber. The material is polytetrafluoroethylene, which protects the barrel from being scratched. When inserted into the barrel, the contact surface (ring) will have an interference fit with the barrel to eliminate the gap. Figure 5 As shown in FIG. 1 , there are two radial protrusions on it. Figure 6 As shown, the deformation ring 4 expands to different degrees in different spaces. When the diameter is small, the deformation ring 4 bulges gently; when the diameter is large, the deformation ring 4 bulges steeper. The maximum diameter of the deformation ring 4 is (40.1±0.05mm).

[0039] The data processing and display unit is integrated into a body, and its structure conforms to ergonomics and has good man-machine operability. The overall dimensions are approximately 480´370´205mm, which can be placed in a box for easy carrying. The various components of the measuring unit are also equipped with corresponding tool boxes. After use, the various components of the measuring unit can be disassembled and placed in the tool box and carried together with the body.

[0040] The present invention also provides a method for measuring the inner diameter of a barrel, which specifically includes the following steps: extending the measuring head and the measuring body of the measuring unit into the barrel or narrow tube to be measured, the end of the measuring rod 16 is left outside the barrel or narrow tube to be measured, and the deformation ring 4 of the measuring unit is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the barrel or narrow tube to be measured; after the position of the measuring unit is determined, the data processing and display unit controls the probe of the built-in color confocal sensor module 5 of the measuring unit through the wireless transceiver module to emit laser to irradiate the inner wall of the barrel or narrow tube to be measured, and at the same time collects the reflected light of the inner wall of the barrel or narrow tube to be measured; the measuring unit is rotated for one circle, and the color confocal sensor module 5 collects the reflected light signal of a certain cross section of the barrel or narrow tube to be measured, and transmits it to the data processing and display unit through the optical cable 10 as a measuring light signal; The power conversion module converts the external power supply into the power required by the system to power each module; the wireless transceiver module communicates with the gyroscope 19 to obtain the rotation angle data; the measurement light signal is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion module through the optical cable 10, the photoelectric conversion module converts the measurement light signal into an analog voltage signal, and the data processing module converts the analog voltage signal into a data quantity signal, which is sent to the data solution module as the measurement light data; the data solution module synchronously solves the received rotation angle data and the measurement light data, and finally obtains the inner diameter measurement value of a certain section of the barrel or narrow tube to be measured, and displays it through the display module, and the display module displays the internal image of the barrel or narrow tube to be measured captured by the camera 1 in real time.

[0041] like Fig.12 This is the picture taken by the camera inside the barrel. Fig.13 , 14 As shown, the algorithm used by the data solution module for solution is as follows: Assume that the distance between the main optical axis of the color confocal sensor module 5 and the central axis of the measuring unit is b, and the distance between the main optical axis of the color confocal sensor module and the main optical axis of the color confocal sensor module is a. Then the inner radius of the tube or tube to be measured at a certain angle is R (x) = a + b, where 0° ≤ x ≤ 180°, and the inner diameter of the tube or tube to be measured is d = R (x) + R (x + 180°); rotate the measuring unit for one circle, obtain multiple groups of inner diameter data of the tube or tube to be measured, and take the average to obtain the final inner diameter measurement value of the tube or tube to be measured. As an implementation method, Fig.13 As shown, the reflective prism 12 can be installed inside the fixed bracket 6 and the deformable ring 4 through an L-shaped mounting frame 20, and the color confocal sensor module 5 is also installed close to the L-shaped mounting frame 20, or the two can also be installed together.

[0042] like Fig.15 , 16 The figure shows a display screen on the display module during specific measurement of the present invention, in which the rotation angle and the measurement data corresponding to each angle can be displayed in real time.

Claims

1. A barrel inner diameter measuring instrument, comprising a measuring unit and a data processing and display unit, characterized in that: The measuring unit comprises a measuring head, a measuring body, a measuring rod (16) connected in sequence, and a gyroscope (19) with a wireless transceiver function installed on the measuring unit; the measuring head comprises a camera protection cover (2) and a camera (1) installed inside the camera protection cover (2) for collecting front images; the measuring body comprises a deformation ring (4) and a tubular fixed bracket (6) connected in sequence to the end of the camera protection cover (2); a color confocal sensor module (5) with a wireless transceiver function is installed inside the deformation ring (4) and the fixed bracket (6); a collection hole (13) is opened on the side wall of the deformation ring (4); a reflection prism (12) is provided at the front end of the color confocal sensor module (5); the reflection prism (12) is capable of reflecting detection light emitted by the color confocal sensor module (5) through the collection hole (13) and collecting reflected light through the collection hole (13); The camera (1) is connected to a camera line (11), which passes through the inside of the measuring body and the measuring rod (16) from front to back and is led out; the color confocal sensor module (5) is connected to an optical cable (10), which passes through the inside of the measuring body and the measuring rod (16) from front to back and is led out; The data processing and display unit comprises a wireless transceiver module, a power conversion module, a data solution module, a data processing module, a photoelectric conversion module and a display module integrated in a box; the power conversion module is used to connect an external power supply and supply power to other modules; the wireless transceiver module wirelessly communicates with the color confocal sensor module (5) and the gyroscope (19) to control the action of the color confocal sensor module (5), and simultaneously obtains the rotation angle data of the measurement unit collected by the gyroscope (19) and transmits it to the data solution module; the camera line (11) is connected to the display module, the optical cable (10) is connected to the photoelectric conversion module, the photoelectric conversion module is connected to the data solution module through the data processing module, and the data solution module is connected to the display module.

2. A barrel inner diameter measuring instrument as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A hand wheel (18) is installed at the end of the measuring rod (16), and the gyroscope (19) is installed inside the hand wheel (18); the hand wheel (18) has a central hole for the optical cable (10) and the camera line (11) to pass through, and the outer circumference of the hand wheel (18) is engraved with angle scale lines.

3. A barrel inner diameter measuring instrument as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer surface of the measuring rod (16) is engraved with a length scale along the axial direction.

4. A barrel inner diameter measuring instrument as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A slider (14) is slidably sleeved on the measuring rod (16), the end of the slider (14) is a radially protruding structure, and the protruding structure is provided with a limiting bolt (15) for limiting the position of the slider (14).

5. A barrel inner diameter measuring instrument as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The end of the camera protection cover (2) is fixedly connected with a locking nut (3); the front end of the fixing bracket (6) is an extension section with a reduced diameter, and the extension section extends into the interior of the deformation ring (4) and is clamped; the inner wall of the front end of the extension section is provided with an internal thread, the end of the locking nut (3) protrudes backwards and the outer wall of the protruding section is provided with an external thread, and the locking nut (3) is spirally connected to the front end of the extension section through the protruding section; a hole is provided on the extension section at a position corresponding to the collection hole (13); The end of the fixed bracket (6) is connected with a movable nut (7), the middle outer ring of the movable nut (7) is sleeved with a limit ring (8), the outer ring of the end of the movable nut (7) is threadedly connected with a connecting block (9), and the end of the connecting block (9) is connected to the measuring rod (16) through a thread.

6. A barrel inner diameter measuring instrument as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The measuring rod (16) is a multi-section structure, and adjacent sections are connected via connecting screw sleeves (17).

7. A method for measuring the inner diameter of a barrel, implemented by using a barrel inner diameter measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: extending a measuring head and a measuring body of a measuring unit into the interior of a barrel or a narrow tube to be measured, leaving the end of a measuring rod (16) outside the barrel or the narrow tube to be measured, and having an interference fit between a deformation ring (4) of the measuring unit and the inner wall of the barrel or the narrow tube to be measured; after the position of the measuring unit is determined, a data processing and display unit controls a probe of a color confocal sensor module (5) built into the measuring unit through a wireless transceiver module to emit laser light to illuminate the inner wall of the barrel or the narrow tube to be measured, and simultaneously collects reflected light from the inner wall of the barrel or the narrow tube to be measured; rotating the measuring unit one circle, the color confocal sensor module (5) collects reflected light signals around a certain cross section inside the barrel or the narrow tube to be measured, and transmits the reflected light signals as measurement light signals to the data processing and display unit through an optical cable (10); The power conversion module converts the external power supply into the power supply required by the measuring instrument to supply power to each module; the wireless transceiver module communicates with the gyroscope (19) to obtain the rotation angle data; the measurement light signal is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion module through the optical cable (10); the photoelectric conversion module converts the measurement light signal into an analog voltage signal; the data processing module converts the analog voltage signal into a data quantity signal and sends it to the data solution module as the measurement light data; the data solution module synchronously solves the received rotation angle data and the measurement light data, and finally obtains the inner diameter measurement value of a certain section of the barrel or narrow tube to be measured, and displays it through the display module, and at the same time, the display module displays the internal image of the barrel or narrow tube to be measured collected by the camera (1) in real time.

8. A barrel inner diameter measuring method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The algorithm used by the data solving module for solving is as follows: assuming that the distance between the main optical axis of the color confocal sensor module (5) and the central axis of the measuring unit is b, and the distance between the main optical axis of the color confocal sensor module and the tube to be measured measured by the color confocal sensor module (5) at a certain angle is a, then the inner radius of the tube to be measured at a certain angle is R (x) = a + b, where 0° ≤ x ≤ 180°, and the inner diameter of the tube to be measured is d = R (x) + R (x + 180°); the measuring unit is rotated once to obtain multiple sets of inner diameter data of the tube to be measured, and the final inner diameter measurement value of the tube to be measured is obtained by averaging.

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