Electric arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection system

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection system, which is characterized in that an electric arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection part controls the temperature rise in an extreme thermal environment by adding a high-temperature-resistant layer, and avoids overheating deformation; the flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device monitors the gas flow hydrogen atom concentration in a test section in real time through a laser absorption spectrum, and the water leakage problem in a heater, a spray pipe outlet and a diffusion section inlet is found in advance; the test section static pressure back temperature monitoring device obtains the static pressure change condition in a test section by installing a pressure sensor on a top plate of the test section, and monitors whether a flow field is stable or not and the temperature rise of a seriously heated part in real time; according to the cooling water temperature monitoring device, temperature sensors are installed on a spray pipe and a diffusion section, the cooling water return temperature of related parts is obtained, and the cooling condition of seriously-heated parts is monitored. According to the invention, through active enhancement of heat protection and real-time monitoring and early warning, the capability of stable operation of the arc wind tunnel test section under a long-time high-temperature condition is improved, and multi-dimensional monitoring and early warning of the operation condition of the test section are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electric arc heating tests and relates to a thermal protection system for an arc wind tunnel test section. Background Art

[0002] In the field of aerospace aerodynamics, the high-temperature airflow generated by the arc heater is accelerated through the nozzle to form a supersonic flow field in the arc wind tunnel test section. The test model to be tested is installed in the test section at a certain distance from the nozzle outlet to complete the material ablation or structural sealing test in a high-temperature thermal environment.

[0003] With the development of aerospace vehicles, the arc wind tunnel test section needs to operate in an extreme thermal environment for several thousand seconds or even longer to provide a corresponding aerodynamic thermal test environment for the experimental model.

[0004] In the arc heating test, when the model is at a high angle of attack, the high-temperature supersonic airflow will produce obvious oblique shock waves after passing through the test model, which will severely heat the various components in the test section. The cooling and heat dissipation effect of the traditional arc wind tunnel test section is limited. Under long-term high temperature conditions, many components will overheat and deform, especially the leakage of water-cooled components will cause the flow field in the test section to be destroyed, which seriously affects the normal progress of the test. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, to propose a thermal protection system for an arc wind tunnel test section, to effectively control the temperature rise in an extreme thermal environment, to avoid overheating and deformation, to realize multi-dimensional monitoring and early warning of the operation of the test section, and to ensure the normal progress of the arc heating test.

[0006] The solution to the technical problem of the present invention is: a thermal protection system for an arc wind tunnel test section, including a thermal protection component for an arc wind tunnel test section, a flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device, a test section static pressure back temperature monitoring device and a cooling water temperature monitoring device;

[0007] The arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection components control the temperature rise in extreme thermal environments and avoid overheating and deformation by adding high temperature resistant layers to the inner wall of the test section, the inner wall of the nozzle connection flange and the inner wall of the diffuser inlet;

[0008] The flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device uses laser to receive the specific spectrum of hydrogen atoms in the supersonic airflow at the nozzle outlet, monitors the hydrogen atom concentration in the airflow in the test section in real time, and detects water leakage inside the heater, at the nozzle outlet, and at the diffuser inlet in advance;

[0009] The static pressure back temperature monitoring device of the test section is installed with a pressure sensor on the top plate of the test section to obtain the static pressure change inside the test section and monitor the stability of the flow field in real time. Temperature sensors are installed inside the top plate of the test section and outside the nozzle connection flange to monitor the temperature rise of the seriously heated parts in real time.

[0010] The cooling water temperature monitoring device obtains the cooling water return temperature of relevant components by installing temperature sensors on the nozzle and diffuser section, and monitors the cooling conditions of severely heated components in real time.

[0011] Furthermore, the thermal protection components of the arc wind tunnel test section include a high-temperature resistant layer on the inner wall of the test section, a high-temperature resistant layer on the inner wall of the nozzle connecting flange and a high-temperature resistant layer on the diffuser section. High-temperature resistant ablation materials are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the test section, the inner wall of the nozzle connecting flange and the inner wall of the diffuser section inlet to improve the ablation resistance under long-term high temperature conditions; the diffuser section inlet is also provided with a combined water-cooling plate, which can extend the length of the diffuser section according to test needs, maximize the airflow intake, and ensure the stability of the flow field in the test section.

[0012] Furthermore, the arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection component also includes a nozzle high-temperature alloy inner sleeve, which is arranged at the nozzle outlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device includes a laser receiver, a spectrometer, a signal processor and a control system;

[0014] The laser receiver receives the specific spectral lines of hydrogen atoms in the supersonic airflow at the nozzle outlet, transmits the spectral lines to the spectrometer for analysis, and then enters the signal processor for processing to calculate the water content of the airflow in the test section, thereby determining whether there is a water leakage in the test section. If a water leakage is confirmed, the control system sends a stop signal to prevent the test section from suffering greater damage due to the leakage.

[0015] Furthermore, the test section static pressure back temperature monitoring device includes a nozzle adapter flange temperature sensor, a test section internal static pressure sensor, a test section top plate back temperature sensor, a signal processor and a control system;

[0016] The nozzle adapter flange temperature sensor and the test section top plate back temperature sensor monitor the adapter flange and top plate temperatures in real time. The static pressure sensor in the test section monitors the pressure in the test section in real time and transmits the collected signals to the signal processor. When the overheating temperature of the heated part exceeds the set temperature threshold, and / or the pressure in the test section is too high and exceeds the set pressure threshold, the control system sends a stop signal and the heater stops running, thereby protecting the test section.

[0017] Furthermore, the cooling water temperature monitoring device includes a nozzle return water temperature sensor, a diffuser section return water sensor, a signal processor and a control system;

[0018] The nozzle return water temperature sensor and the diffuser section return water sensor monitor the return water temperature of the corresponding equipment in real time. The temperature signal is transmitted to the signal processor. When the temperature rise is too high and exceeds the set temperature rise threshold, the cooling water system fails and cannot play a heat dissipation and cooling role. The control system sends a stop signal and the corresponding equipment stops working.

[0019] Furthermore, the test model is installed in the arc wind tunnel test section at a high angle of attack, and the supersonic airflow at the nozzle outlet generates an oblique shock wave after passing through the test model.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0021] (1) The present invention adopts active enhanced heat protection technology, adding high temperature resistant layers to multiple components of the arc wind tunnel test section body, effectively controlling the temperature rise in extreme thermal environments and avoiding overheating and deformation.

[0022] (2) The present invention adopts real-time monitoring and early warning technology. The flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device monitors in real time whether there is water leakage in the test section. The test section static pressure back temperature monitoring device monitors in real time whether the flow field is stable and the temperature rise of the parts that are severely heated. The cooling water temperature monitoring device monitors in real time the cooling conditions of the parts that are severely heated, thereby realizing multi-dimensional monitoring and early warning of the operation of the test section. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a general composition diagram of the arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a composition diagram of the thermal protection components of the arc wind tunnel test section involved in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a composition diagram of the high temperature resistant structural parts of the diffuser section involved in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a composition diagram of the flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device involved in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a composition diagram of the test section static pressure back temperature monitoring device involved in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a composition diagram of the cooling water temperature monitoring device involved in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in an arc heating test. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention proposes a thermal protection system for an arc wind tunnel test section, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes an arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection component 1, a flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device 2, a test section static pressure back temperature monitoring device 3 and a cooling water temperature monitoring device 4;

[0031] Heat protection component 1 of the arc wind tunnel test section, by adding a high temperature resistant layer on the inner wall of the test section, the inner wall of the nozzle connection flange and the inner wall of the diffuser inlet, the temperature rise in extreme thermal environment is controlled to avoid overheating and deformation;

[0032] The flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device 2 uses laser to receive the specific spectrum of hydrogen atoms in the supersonic airflow at the nozzle outlet, monitors the hydrogen atom concentration of the airflow in the test section in real time, and detects water leakage inside the heater, at the nozzle outlet, and at the diffuser inlet in advance;

[0033] The test section static pressure back temperature monitoring device 3, by installing a pressure sensor on the top plate of the test section, obtains the static pressure change inside the test section, monitors whether the flow field is stable in real time, and installs temperature sensors inside the top plate of the test section and outside the nozzle connection flange to monitor the temperature rise of the seriously heated parts in real time;

[0034] The cooling water temperature monitoring device 4 obtains the cooling water return temperature of relevant components by installing temperature sensors on the nozzle and the diffuser section, and monitors the cooling conditions of seriously heated components in real time.

[0035] The above-mentioned arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection system improves the ability of the arc wind tunnel test section to operate stably under high temperature conditions for a long time by adopting active enhanced heat protection and real-time monitoring and early warning technology, realizes multi-dimensional monitoring and early warning of the test section operation status, and ensures the smooth completion of the aerodynamic thermal test.

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention mainly comprises an arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection component 1, a flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device 2, a test section static pressure back temperature monitoring device 3 and a cooling water temperature monitoring device 4.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection component 1 of the present invention is composed of a test section inner wall high temperature resistant layer 11, a nozzle connecting flange inner wall high temperature resistant layer 12, a nozzle high temperature alloy inner sleeve 13 and a diffuser section high temperature resistant structural member 14.

[0040] like Figure 3As shown, the diffuser section high temperature resistant structural member 14 of the present invention is composed of a combined water cooling plate 141 and a diffuser section high temperature resistant layer 142. The combined structure of the water cooling plate 141 not only facilitates the installation of large-scale models, but also can extend the diffuser section length according to test needs, maximize the airflow intake, and ensure the stability of the flow field in the test section.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device 2 involved in the present invention is composed of a laser receiver 21, a spectrometer 22, a signal processor 6 and a control system 7.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, the test section static pressure back temperature monitoring device 3 involved in the present invention is composed of a nozzle adapter flange temperature sensor 31, a static pressure sensor 32 in the test section, a test section top plate back temperature sensor 33, a signal processor 6 and a control system 7.

[0043] like Figure 6 As shown, the cooling water temperature monitoring device 4 is composed of a nozzle return water temperature sensor 41, a diffuser section return water sensor 42, a signal processor 6 and a control system 7.

[0044] like Figure 7 As shown, in order to simulate the aerodynamic heating of the aircraft in real flight state, the test model 5 is installed in the arc wind tunnel test section at a high angle of attack. After the high-temperature supersonic airflow at the nozzle outlet passes through the test model 5, an obvious oblique shock wave is generated. The oblique shock wave severely heats the inner walls of nearby test sections, nozzle connection flanges, nozzle outlets, and diffuser inlet components.

[0045] The present invention adopts active enhanced heat protection technology and adds a heat protection component 1 in the arc wind tunnel test section, that is, by setting high-temperature ablation-resistant materials on the inner wall of the test section, the inner wall of the nozzle connecting flange and the inner wall of the diffuser section inlet, a high-temperature resistant layer 11 of the inner wall of the test section, a high-temperature resistant layer 12 of the inner wall of the nozzle connecting flange and a high-temperature resistant layer 142 of the diffuser section are formed. At the same time, a high-temperature alloy is used at the nozzle outlet to form a high-temperature alloy inner sleeve 13, and the diffuser section inlet part is composed of a plurality of water-cooled plates 141, thereby improving the ablation resistance of the above-mentioned components under long-term high-temperature conditions and avoiding overheating and deformation.

[0046] The present invention adopts real-time monitoring and early warning technology. The laser receiver 21 in the flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device 2 receives the specific spectrum of hydrogen atoms in the supersonic airflow at the nozzle outlet, and transmits the spectrum to the spectrometer 22 for analysis, and then enters the signal processor 6 for processing, and calculates the water content of the airflow in the test section, so as to determine whether there is a water leakage in the test section. If it is confirmed that there is a water leakage, the control system 7 sends a stop signal to avoid the test section from suffering greater damage due to water leakage; the nozzle adapter flange temperature sensor 31 and the test section top plate back temperature sensor 33 in the test section static pressure back temperature monitoring device 3 monitor the adapter flange and top plate temperature in real time, and the static pressure sensor 32 in the test section monitors the pressure in the test section in real time, and transmits the collected signal to the signal processor 6. When the overheating temperature of the heated part exceeds the set temperature threshold, and / or the pressure in the test section is too high and exceeds the set pressure threshold, the control system 7 sends a stop signal, the heater stops running, and plays a role in protecting the test section; the nozzle return water temperature sensor 41 and the diffuser section return water sensor 42 in the cooling water temperature monitoring device 4 monitor the return water temperature of the corresponding equipment in real time, and the temperature signal is transmitted to the signal processor 6. When the temperature rise is too high and exceeds the set temperature rise threshold, it means that the cooling water system has a fault and cannot play a heat dissipation and cooling role. Similarly, the control system 7 sends a stop signal and the corresponding equipment stops working; the simultaneous operation of the above multiple devices realizes multi-dimensional monitoring and early warning, effectively grasps the operation status of the test section, and improves the ability of the test section to operate at high temperature for a long time.

[0047] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0048] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A thermal protection system for an arc wind tunnel test section, characterized in that: It comprises an arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection component (1), a flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device (2), a test section static pressure back temperature monitoring device (3) and a cooling water temperature monitoring device (4); The arc wind tunnel test section heat protection component (1) controls the temperature rise in an extreme heat environment and avoids overheating and deformation by adding a high temperature resistant layer on the inner wall of the test section, the inner wall of the nozzle connection flange and the inner wall of the diffuser inlet; The flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device (2) uses a laser to receive the specific spectrum of hydrogen atoms in the supersonic airflow at the nozzle outlet, monitors the hydrogen atom concentration of the airflow in the test section in real time, and detects water leakage problems inside the heater, at the nozzle outlet, and at the diffuser inlet in advance; The test section static pressure back temperature monitoring device (3) is installed with a pressure sensor on the top plate of the test section to obtain the static pressure change inside the test section and monitor whether the flow field is stable in real time. Temperature sensors are installed inside the top plate of the test section and outside the nozzle connection flange to monitor the temperature rise of the seriously heated parts in real time. The cooling water temperature monitoring device (4) obtains the cooling water return temperature of relevant components by installing temperature sensors on the nozzle and the diffuser section, and monitors the cooling conditions of the components that are severely heated in real time.

2. The arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection component (1) comprises a test section inner wall high temperature resistant layer (11), a nozzle connection flange inner wall high temperature resistant layer (12) and a diffuser section high temperature resistant layer (142), and high temperature resistant ablation materials are respectively arranged on the test section inner wall, the nozzle connection flange inner wall and the diffuser section inlet inner wall to improve the ablation resistance under long-term high temperature conditions; the diffuser section inlet is also provided with a combined water cooling plate (141), which can extend the diffuser section length according to test needs, inhale airflow to the greatest extent, and ensure the stability of the flow field in the test section.

3. The arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection component (1) also includes a nozzle high temperature alloy inner sleeve (13) which is arranged at the nozzle outlet.

4. The arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow field hydrogen atom monitoring device (2) comprises a laser receiver (21), a spectrometer (22), a signal processor (6) and a control system (7); The laser receiver (21) receives the specific spectrum of hydrogen atoms in the supersonic airflow at the nozzle outlet, transmits the spectrum to the spectrometer (22) for analysis, and then enters the signal processor (6) for processing to calculate the water content of the airflow in the test section, thereby determining whether there is a water leak in the test section. If a water leak is confirmed, the control system (7) sends a stop signal to prevent the test section from suffering greater damage due to the water leak.

5. The arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test section static pressure back temperature monitoring device (3) comprises a nozzle adapter flange temperature sensor (31), a test section internal static pressure sensor (32), a test section top plate back temperature sensor (33), a signal processor (6) and a control system (7); The nozzle adapter flange temperature sensor (31) and the test section top plate back temperature sensor (33) monitor the adapter flange and top plate temperatures in real time. The static pressure sensor (32) in the test section monitors the pressure in the test section in real time and transmits the collected signals to the signal processor (6). When the overheating temperature of the heated part exceeds the set temperature threshold, and / or the pressure in the test section is too high and exceeds the set pressure threshold, the control system (7) sends a stop signal and the heater stops running, thereby protecting the test section.

6. The arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling water temperature monitoring device (4) comprises a nozzle return water temperature sensor (41), a diffuser section return water sensor (42), a signal processor (6) and a control system (7); The nozzle return water temperature sensor (41) and the diffuser section return water sensor (42) monitor the return water temperature of the corresponding equipment in real time, and the temperature signal is transmitted to the signal processor (6). When the temperature rises too high and exceeds the set temperature rise threshold, the cooling water system fails and cannot play a heat dissipation and cooling role. The control system (7) sends a stop signal and the corresponding equipment stops working.

7. The arc wind tunnel test section thermal protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test model (5) is installed in the arc wind tunnel test section at a high angle of attack, and the supersonic airflow at the nozzle outlet generates an oblique shock wave after passing through the test model (5).

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