A device for detecting the inside and outside of screws and nuts

Abstract

The present invention provides a device for detecting the inside and outside of screws and nuts, which relates to the field of screw and nut detection devices, including: a detection component, wherein the detection component is composed of a rotating mechanism and a control mechanism, and the detection component can detect the screws and nuts inside the auxiliary positioning block one by one through a rotating disk, and the detection component can accurately reflect the resistance changes of the screws and nuts during screwing during detection, and the detection is comprehensive and the data is accurate. At the same time, the initial torque of the detection component during detection can be freely adjusted and used, and can be adapted to detection of screws and nuts of different specifications and under different detection specifications, and solves the problem that the detection device uses a fixed-torque motor to drive a screwdriver bit to screw the screw into the inside of the nut for detection, and if the tightening resistance is less than the motor torque, even if there are defects or burrs on the inner and outer surfaces of the screw and nut contacting each other, the resistance changes during screwing cannot be known and detected, and the detection is relatively one-sided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of screw and nut detection devices, and in particular to a screw and nut inner and outer surface detection device. Background Art

[0002] Screws and nuts are parts that are screwed together for fastening. They are a type of fastener that must be used in all manufacturing machinery. Screws and nuts need to be inspected during the production process to ensure that the screws can be smoothly screwed into the inside of the nut. If there are defects or burrs on the inner and outer surfaces of the screw and nut, the screw will not be able to be screwed into the nut smoothly, resulting in greater screwing resistance and affecting subsequent use.

[0003] However, as for the currently available screw and nut inside and outside detection device, it uses a fixed torque motor to drive the screwdriver bit to screw the screw into the nut for detection. This cannot well reflect the torque changes when the screw and nut are tightened. Moreover, if the tightening resistance is less than the motor torque, even if there are defects or burrs on the inside and outside of the screw and nut, the resistance changes during tightening cannot be known and detected. The detection is relatively one-sided, the accuracy is not high, and the practicality is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The disclosed embodiments relate to a device for detecting the inside and outside of screws and nuts, which comprises a detection component. The detection component can detect the screws and nuts inside the auxiliary positioning block one by one through a rotating disk, and the detection component can accurately reflect the resistance changes of the screws and nuts when they are screwed together during detection. The detection is comprehensive and the data is accurate. At the same time, the initial torque of the detection component during detection can be freely adjusted and used, and it can adapt to the detection of screws and nuts of different specifications and under different detection specifications, and has high flexibility, adaptability and practicality.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a device for detecting the inside and outside of a screw and a nut is provided, which specifically comprises: a mounting assembly, wherein the mounting assembly comprises a mounting platform, a screw conveying device, a control device and a rotating disk, the screw conveying device being arranged on a side of the mounting platform, and the control device being fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting platform, the rotating disk being rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting platform, and the rotating disk being driven by a rotating motor inside the mounting platform; and a detection assembly being further comprised of a rotating mechanism and a control mechanism, a lifting push rod being fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting platform, and a driving motor being fixedly mounted on the side of the lifting push rod, an auxiliary positioning block being plugged into the interior of the rotating disk, a nut to be tested being plugged into the interior of the auxiliary positioning block, the screw conveying device being capable of conveying the screw to be tested to the top of the auxiliary positioning block, and the screw to be tested being located directly above the nut to be tested;

[0006] The rotating mechanism includes a mounting seat, a follower spindle, a driving spindle, an adaptive transmission disc and a synchronous transmission disc. The mounting seat is fixedly mounted on the side of the lifting push rod, and the follower spindle is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting seat, the driving spindle is rotatably connected to the inside of the follower spindle, and the adaptive transmission disc is plugged into the inside of the follower spindle, the synchronous transmission disc is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the follower spindle, and a screwdriver head is detachably fixedly mounted on the bottom of the synchronous transmission disc, and the top end of the driving spindle is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft of the driving motor;

[0007] The control mechanism includes a pressure seat, a positioning plate and a positioning rod. The pressure seat is inserted into the interior of the follower spindle, and the positioning plate is inserted into the bottom of the pressure seat. The positioning rod is rotatably connected to the top of the positioning plate.

[0008] In at least some embodiments, a transmission rod with a regular polygonal cross-section is provided at the bottom of the driving main shaft, and a transmission groove is provided at the top of the transmission disc, and the transmission rod is inserted into the transmission groove.

[0009] In at least some embodiments, a pressure spring is provided at the bottom of the positioning plate, and two ends of the pressure spring respectively abut against the bottom of the positioning plate and the top of the adaptive transmission plate.

[0010] In at least some embodiments, a torque gear ring is provided at the bottom of the adaptive transmission plate and the top of the synchronous transmission plate, and the cross-sectional shape of a single tooth of the torque gear ring is triangular. Under the action of the pressure top spring, the torque gear rings of the adaptive transmission plate and the synchronous transmission plate are plugged into each other.

[0011] In at least some embodiments, a spirally oriented adapting groove is provided on the outside of the driving spindle, and an adapting protrusion is provided on the inside of the pressure seat, and the adapting protrusion is inserted into the adapting groove.

[0012] In at least some embodiments, the exterior of the rod body of the positioning rod is provided with threads, and the positioning rod is screwed to the interior of the pressure seat through the threads of the rod body.

[0013] In at least some embodiments, a transmission gear is provided on the top of the positioning rod, and the internal rotation of the follower main shaft is connected to the adjustment gear column, and the adjustment gear column and the transmission gear are meshed for transmission.

[0014] In at least some embodiments, a position sensor is installed on the top of the follower spindle, and the position sensor is capable of monitoring the operating position of the pressure seat inside the follower spindle.

[0015] In at least some embodiments, the cross-section of the pressure seat is a regular polygon, and a synchronization groove is provided inside the follower spindle. The pressure seat is inserted into the synchronization groove, and the follower spindle can only rotate in one direction inside the mounting seat. The rotation direction of the follower spindle is the rotation direction when the screw to be tested is screwed into the nut to be tested.

[0016] The device for detecting the inside and outside surfaces of screws and nuts provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0017] The detection component can detect the screws and nuts inside the auxiliary positioning block one by one through the rotating disk, and the detection component can accurately reflect the changes in resistance of the screws and nuts when they are tightened. The detection is comprehensive and the data is accurate. At the same time, the initial torque of the detection component during detection can be freely adjusted and used, and it can be adapted to the detection of screws and nuts of different specifications and under different detection specifications, thereby improving the flexibility, adaptability and practicality of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0019] The drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] In the attached figure:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the detection component of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary positioning block of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the detection component of the present invention when it is in the reset state.

[0025] Figure 5 This invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 6 This invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B in the middle.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting base of the present invention after disassembly.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the control mechanism of the present invention after disassembly.

[0029] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the driving motor of the present invention when it rotates in the initial detection stage.

[0030] Figure 10 This invention Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part C in the middle.

[0031] Figure 11 This invention Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part D in the middle.

[0032] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the detection component during detection of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 This invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure after adjusting the positioning plate's position.

[0034] Reference Signs List

[0035] 1. Installation assembly; 101. Installation platform; 102. Screw conveying device; 103. Control device; 104. Rotating disk;

[0036] 2. Auxiliary positioning block;

[0037] 3. Rotating mechanism; 301. Mounting seat; 302. Follow-up spindle; 3021. Adjusting gear column; 3022. Synchronizing slot; 303. Driving spindle; 3031. Transmission rod; 3032. Adaptive slot; 304. Adaptive transmission plate; 3041. Transmission slot; 305. Synchronous transmission plate; 3051. Torque gear ring;

[0038] 4. Control mechanism; 401. Pressure seat; 4011. Adaptive protrusion; 402. Positioning plate; 4021. Pressure spring; 403. Positioning rod; 4031. Transmission gear;

[0039] 5. Lifting push rod;

[0040] 6. Drive motor;

[0041] 7. Screwdriver bits;

[0042] 8. Position sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 13 As shown:

[0045] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a device for detecting the inside and outside of screws and nuts, including a mounting assembly 1, wherein the mounting assembly 1 includes a mounting platform 101, a screw conveying device 102, a control device 103 and a rotating disk 104, the screw conveying device 102 is arranged on the side of the mounting platform 101, and the control device 103 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting platform 101, the rotating disk 104 is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting platform 101, and the rotating disk 104 is driven by a rotating motor inside the mounting platform 101; it also includes a detection assembly, which consists of a rotating mechanism 3 and a control mechanism 4, a lifting push rod 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting platform 101, and a driving motor 6 is fixedly installed on the side of the lifting push rod 5, an auxiliary positioning block 2 is inserted into the interior of the rotating disk 104, and a nut to be tested is inserted into the interior of the auxiliary positioning block 2, and the screw conveying device 102 can convey the screw to be tested to the auxiliary positioning block 2. The top of the auxiliary positioning block 2, and the screw to be tested is located just above the nut to be tested; the screw conveying device 102 can convey the screw to the top of the auxiliary positioning block 2 located in the rotating disk 104, and the nut to be tested is inserted into the interior of the auxiliary positioning block 2, so that when the rotating disk 104 rotates and drives the auxiliary positioning block 2 to move to the bottom of the detection assembly, the lifting push rod 5 drives the detection assembly to move downward so that the screwdriver head 7 matches the screw to be tested, and the driving motor 6 can detect the tightening force of the screw to be tested and the nut to be tested through the detection assembly. The tightening force of the screw to be tested and the nut to be tested can be monitored by the position sensor 8, and the control device 103 can analyze the detection data of the position sensor 8 to determine whether the contact inside and outside of the screw to be tested and the nut to be tested are qualified, that is, the resistance of the screw to be tested and the nut to be tested when being tightened is within the standard range, and the detection is fast and convenient, and the use is flexible;

[0046] The rotating mechanism 3 includes a mounting seat 301, a follower spindle 302, a driving spindle 303, an adaptive transmission disc 304 and a synchronous transmission disc 305. The mounting seat 301 is fixedly mounted on the side of the lifting push rod 5, and the follower spindle 302 is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting seat 301. The driving spindle 303 is rotatably connected to the inside of the follower spindle 302, and the adaptive transmission disc 304 is plugged into the inside of the follower spindle 302. The synchronous transmission disc 305 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the follower spindle 302, and a screwdriver head 7 is detachably fixedly mounted on the bottom of the synchronous transmission disc 305. The top of the driving spindle 303 is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft of the drive motor 6.

[0047] The control mechanism 4 includes a pressure seat 401, a positioning plate 402 and a positioning rod 403. The pressure seat 401 is inserted into the interior of the follower spindle 302, and the positioning plate 402 is inserted at the bottom of the pressure seat 401. The positioning rod 403 is rotatably connected to the top of the positioning plate 402.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a transmission rod 3031 with a regular polygonal cross section is provided at the bottom of the driving spindle 303, and a transmission groove 3041 is provided at the top of the adapting transmission disk 304. The transmission rod 3031 is inserted into the interior of the transmission groove 3041. In use, after the screwdriver head 7 matches the screw to be tested, the driving motor 6 can detect the tightening force of the screw to be tested and the nut to be tested through the detection component. A pressure top spring 4021 is provided at the bottom of the positioning disk 402, and the two ends of the pressure top spring 4021 are respectively against the bottom of the positioning disk 402 and the top of the adapting transmission disk 304. The bottom of the adapting transmission disk 304 and the top of the synchronous transmission disk 305 are both provided with a torque gear ring 30 51, and the cross-sectional shape of a single gear tooth of the torque gear ring 3051 is triangular. Under the action of the pressure top spring 4021, the torque gear ring 3051 of the adaptive transmission disk 304 and the synchronous transmission disk 305 are plugged into each other. At the initial stage of rotation of the driving motor 6, there is a certain resistance when the screw to be tested is screwed into the nut to be tested, and the resistance is greater than the force of the pressure top spring 4021. Therefore, at the initial stage of rotation of the driving motor 6, only the driving spindle 303 can be driven to rotate, and the follower spindle 302, the synchronous transmission disk 305 and the screwdriver head 7 will not rotate. When the driving spindle 303 rotates, the transmission rod 3031 at the bottom can drive the adaptive transmission disk 304 to rotate through the transmission groove 3041. The cam 3021 is engaged with the cam 3032 and the cam 3033 is engaged with the cam 3034. The cam 3021 is engaged with the cam 3034 and the cam 3035 is engaged with the cam 3036. The downward movement of the seat 401 can compress the pressure top spring 4021 through the positioning plate 402 to increase the force of the pressure top spring 4021 on the adaptive transmission plate 304. After the force of the pressure top spring 4021 on the adaptive transmission plate 304 is greater than the resistance of the screw to be tested being screwed into the inside of the nut to be tested, the two sets of torque gear rings 3051 can be stably plugged in for transmission, so that the driving spindle 303 can drive the synchronous transmission plate 305 to rotate through the adaptive transmission plate 304. When the synchronous transmission plate 305 rotates, it can drive the follower spindle 302, the control mechanism 4 and the screwdriver head 7 to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the detection operation of screwing the screw to be tested into the inside of the nut to be tested, and the detection is convenient and fast, with a high degree of automation.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a position sensor 8 is installed on the top of the follower spindle 302, and the position sensor 8 can monitor the use position of the pressure seat 401 inside the follower spindle 302. During use, the position sensor 8 can monitor the change in the use position of the pressure seat 401 during the process of the screw to be tested being screwed into the nut to be tested. The position change reflects the change in torque required for the screw to be tested to be screwed into the nut to be tested, and converts the change in torque force into a change in the straight-line distance of the pressure seat 401. The monitoring is convenient and comprehensive, and the data is accurate. After the position sensor 8 sends the monitoring data to the control device 103 for analysis, it can be concluded whether the contact inside and outside of the group of screws to be tested and nuts to be tested are qualified.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a transmission gear 4031 is provided at the top of the positioning rod 403, and the internal rotation of the follower main shaft 302 is connected to the adjustment gear column 3021, and the gear teeth of the adjustment gear column 3021 and the transmission gear 4031 are meshed for transmission. In use, the initial torque during detection can be adjusted by cooperating with the adjustment gear column 3021 and the control mechanism 4, and can adapt to detection of screws and nuts of different specifications and different detection specifications. When the adjustment gear column 3021 is rotated, the adjustment gear column 3021 can drive the positioning rod 403 to rotate through the transmission gear 4031. The outer part of the rod body of the positioning rod 403 is provided with a thread, and the positioning rod 403 is screwed to the inside of the pressure seat 401 through the rod body thread. When the positioning rod 403 rotates, it can drive the positioning plate 402 to move up and down at the bottom of the pressure seat 401 through the rod body thread, thereby changing the initial use position of the positioning plate 402, that is, changing the initial extension length of the pressure top spring 4021, that is, changing the initial torque of the detection component during detection, and the adaptability is extremely strong.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the cross-section of the pressure seat 401 is a regular polygon, and a synchronization groove 3022 is provided inside the follower spindle 302. The pressure seat 401 is inserted into the synchronization groove 3022. This design ensures that the rotation state of the pressure seat 401 and the follower spindle 302 is always the same, and the follower spindle 302 can only rotate in one direction inside the mounting seat 301. The rotation direction of the follower spindle 302 is the rotation direction when the screw to be tested is screwed into the nut to be tested. This design ensures that after a single detection is completed, the reset action of the detection component can be achieved by reversing the shaft of the driving motor 6, so that it can be used for the detection of the screw to be tested and the nut to be tested inside the subsequent auxiliary positioning block 2, which is extremely flexible.

[0052] Specific usage and function of this embodiment: In the present invention, the initial torque during detection can be adjusted by cooperating with the adjustment gear column 3021 and the control mechanism 4, and can adapt to detection of screws and nuts of different specifications and under different detection specifications. When the adjustment gear column 3021 is rotated, the adjustment gear column 3021 can drive the positioning rod 403 to rotate through the transmission gear 4031. When the positioning rod 403 rotates, it can drive the positioning plate 402 to move up and down on the bottom of the pressure seat 401 through the rod body thread, thereby changing the initial use position of the positioning plate 402, that is, changing the initial telescopic length of the pressure top spring 4021, that is, changing the initial torque of the detection component during detection. After the adjustment is completed, the detection can be started, and the screw conveying device 10 2 can deliver the screw to the top of the auxiliary positioning block 2 located in the rotating disk 104, and the auxiliary positioning block 2 is inserted into the interior of the nut to be tested, so that when the rotating disk 104 rotates and drives the auxiliary positioning block 2 to move to the bottom of the detection component, the lifting push rod 5 drives the detection component to move downward so that the screwdriver head 7 matches the screw to be tested. The driving motor 6 can detect the tightening force of the screw to be tested and the nut to be tested through the detection component. The tightening force of the screw to be tested and the nut to be tested can be monitored by the position sensor 8. The control device 103 can analyze the detection data of the position sensor 8 to determine whether the contact inside and outside of the screw to be tested and the nut to be tested are qualified, that is, the resistance of the screw to be tested and the nut to be tested when tightening is within the standard range, and the screw After the screwdriver head 7 is matched with the screw to be tested, the driving motor 6 can be used to detect the tightening force of the screw to be tested and the nut to be tested through the detection component. In the initial stage of rotation, the driving motor 6 has a certain resistance when the screw to be tested is screwed into the nut to be tested, and the resistance is greater than the force of the pressure top spring 4021. Therefore, in the initial stage of rotation of the driving motor 6, it can only drive the driving spindle 303 to rotate, and the follower spindle 302, the synchronous transmission disk 305 and the screwdriver head 7 will not rotate. When the driving spindle 303 rotates, the transmission rod 3031 at the bottom can drive the adaptive transmission disk 304 to rotate through the transmission groove 3041. Since the resistance when the screw to be tested is screwed into the nut to be tested is greater than the force of the pressure top spring 4021, the two sets of torque gear rings of the adaptive transmission disk 304 rotate. The beveled edges of the gear teeth 3051 can squeeze and avoid each other, so that the adaptive transmission disk 304 moves upward to avoid the synchronous transmission disk 305, and the device will not be stuck. In this process, when the driving main shaft 303 rotates, the adaptive groove 3032 can drive the pressure seat 401 to move downward through the adaptive protrusion 4011, so that the downward movement of the pressure seat 401 can compress the pressure top spring 4021 through the positioning plate 402 to increase the force of the pressure top spring 4021 on the adaptive transmission disk 304. After the force of the pressure top spring 4021 on the adaptive transmission disk 304 is greater than the resistance of the screw to be tested being screwed into the nut to be tested, the two sets of torque gear rings 3051 can be stably plugged in for transmission, so that the driving main shaft 303 can drive the synchronous transmission disk 305 to rotate through the adaptive transmission disk 304.When the synchronous transmission disk 305 rotates, it can drive the follower spindle 302, the control mechanism 4 and the screwdriver head 7 to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the detection operation of screwing the screw to be tested into the inside of the nut to be tested. The detection is convenient and fast. The position sensor 8 can monitor the change in the use position of the pressure seat 401 during the process of screwing the screw to be tested into the nut to be tested. The position change reflects the change in torque required for the screw to be tested to be screwed into the nut to be tested, and the change in torque force is converted into a change in the straight-line distance of the pressure seat 401. The monitoring is convenient and comprehensive, and the data is accurate. After the position sensor 8 sends the monitoring data to the control device 103 for analysis, it can be determined whether the contact inside and outside of the group of screws to be tested and the nut to be tested is qualified. The follower spindle 302 can only rotate in one direction inside the mounting seat 301. The rotation direction of the follower spindle 302 is the rotation direction when the screw to be tested is screwed into the nut to be tested. This design When a single test is completed, the reset action of the test component can be achieved by driving the motor 6 to reverse the shaft, so as to be used for the subsequent detection of the screw and nut to be tested inside the auxiliary positioning block 2. The detection principle of the inside and outside of the contact surface of the screw and nut to be tested is explained here. The maximum qualified torque of the screw and nut to be tested when being screwed together is Fa, and the actual maximum torque (i.e., the screwing resistance) of the screw and nut to be tested when being screwed together is Fb. That is, if the torque of the screw and nut to be tested when being screwed together is less than Fa, it means that the screw and nut to be tested are qualified products. During the detection, the control device 103 can monitor the torque change when the screw and nut to be tested are fully screwed together through the position sensor 8. In this process, if Fb is less than Fa, the screw and nut to be tested are qualified products. If Fb is greater than Fa, the screw and nut to be tested are unqualified products.

[0053] In this article, there are several points to note:

[0054] 1. The drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure only relate to the structures related to the embodiments of the present disclosure. Other structures may refer to conventional designs.

[0055] 2. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features therein may be combined with each other to form new embodiments.

[0056] The above are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the inside and outside surfaces of screws and nuts, comprising: The mounting assembly (1) comprises a mounting platform (101), a screw conveying device (102), a control device (103) and a rotating disk (104), wherein the screw conveying device (102) is arranged on the side of the mounting platform (101), and the control device (103) is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting platform (101), and the rotating disk (104) is rotatably connected to the inside of the mounting platform (101), and the rotating disk (104) is driven by a rotating motor inside the mounting platform (101); characterized in that , further comprising a detection assembly, the detection assembly consisting of a rotating mechanism (3) and a control mechanism (4), a lifting push rod (5) is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting platform (101), and a driving motor (6) is fixedly mounted on the side of the lifting push rod (5), an auxiliary positioning block (2) is plugged into the interior of the rotating disk (104), a nut to be tested is plugged into the interior of the auxiliary positioning block (2), and the screw conveying device (102) can convey the screw to be tested to the top of the auxiliary positioning block (2), and the screw to be tested is located directly above the nut to be tested; The rotating mechanism (3) comprises a mounting seat (301), a follower spindle (302), a driving spindle (303), an adaptable transmission disc (304) and a synchronous transmission disc (305); the mounting seat (301) is fixedly mounted on the side of the lifting push rod (5), and the follower spindle (302) is rotationally connected to the inside of the mounting seat (301); the driving spindle (303) is rotationally connected to the inside of the follower spindle (302), and the adaptable transmission disc (304) is plugged into the inside of the follower spindle (302); the synchronous transmission disc (305) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the follower spindle (302), and a screwdriver head (7) is detachably fixedly mounted on the bottom of the synchronous transmission disc (305); the top end of the driving spindle (303) is transmission-connected to the rotating shaft of the driving motor (6); The control mechanism (4) includes a pressure seat (401), a positioning plate (402) and a positioning rod (403); the pressure seat (401) is inserted into the interior of the follower spindle (302), and the positioning plate (402) is inserted into the bottom of the pressure seat (401); and the positioning rod (403) is rotatably connected to the top of the positioning plate (402); A transmission rod (3031) having a regular polygonal cross section is provided at the bottom of the driving main shaft (303), and a transmission groove (3041) is provided at the top of the adaptive transmission disc (304), and the transmission rod (3031) is inserted into the transmission groove (3041); A pressure spring (4021) is provided at the bottom of the positioning plate (402), and two ends of the pressure spring (4021) respectively abut against the bottom of the positioning plate (402) and the top of the adaptive transmission plate (304); The bottom of the adaptive transmission disc (304) and the top of the synchronous transmission disc (305) are both provided with a torque gear ring (3051), and the cross-section of a single tooth of the torque gear ring (3051) is triangular. Under the action of the pressure top spring (4021), the torque gear rings (3051) of the adaptive transmission disc (304) and the synchronous transmission disc (305) are plugged into each other. The driving spindle (303) is provided with a spirally oriented adapting groove (3032) on the outside, and the pressure seat (401) is provided with an adapting protrusion (4011) on the inside, and the adapting protrusion (4011) is inserted into the adapting groove (3032); A position sensor (8) is installed on the top of the follower spindle (302), and the position sensor (8) is capable of monitoring the operating position of the pressure seat (401) inside the follower spindle (302).

2. A screw and nut inner and outer surface detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rod body of the positioning rod (403) is provided with a thread on the outside, and the positioning rod (403) is screwed to the inside of the pressure seat (401) through the thread of the rod body.

3. A screw and nut inner and outer surface detection device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A transmission gear (4031) is provided on the top of the positioning rod (403), and the internal rotation of the follower main shaft (302) is connected to the adjustment gear column (3021), and the gear teeth of the adjustment gear column (3021) and the transmission gear (4031) are engaged for transmission.

4. A screw and nut inner and outer surface detection device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the pressure seat (401) is a regular polygon, and a synchronization groove (3022) is provided inside the follower spindle (302). The pressure seat (401) is inserted into the synchronization groove (3022), and the follower spindle (302) can only rotate in one direction inside the mounting seat (301).

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