Gas cooled reactor primary loop coolant tritium carbon sampling device and sampling method

Abstract

The invention discloses a gas cooled reactor primary loop coolant tritium carbon sampling device and method, and the device comprises a coolant input pipeline which is communicated with a gas cooled reactor coolant output end, and is provided with a first flow meter; the input end of the first collecting device is communicated with the coolant input pipeline; the catalytic oxidation device is provided with a catalytic oxidation device input pipeline and a catalytic oxidation device output pipeline; one end of the oxidant input pipeline is communicated with outside atmosphere or an oxidant gas cylinder, and the other end of the oxidant input pipeline is communicated with the input pipeline of the catalytic oxidation device after being converged with the output end of the first collecting device; the input end of the second collecting device is communicated with the output pipeline of the catalytic oxidation device; and the power device is arranged at the output end of the second collecting device. A gas mixing device and a flow totalizer are omitted, the equipment failure rate is reduced, the coolant flow can be directly measured through the first flow meter on the coolant input pipeline, and the coolant sampling volume calculation step is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power, and in particular to a tritium-carbon sampling device and a sampling method for a primary-loop coolant of a gas-cooled reactor. Background Art

[0002] The tritium-carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor is a device specially used to extract and analyze tritium (a radioactive isotope of hydrogen) and carbon compounds from the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor. This type of device is mainly used for safety monitoring and environmental impact assessment of nuclear power plants to ensure that the radioactive substances generated during the operation of the reactor are within an acceptable safety range.

[0003] In the existing high temperature gas cooled reactor primary loop helium tritium carbon sampling device, such as Figure 2 As shown, the D08-8C flow totalizer is usually used in series with the MARC3000 tritium sampler / HAGUE3000 carbon 14 sampler. In this configuration, when sampling, it is necessary to adjust the helium and air flow rates in the flow totalizer to match the two gases so that they mix and enter the tritium / carbon 14 sampler to ensure that the sampler flow rate is normal. The helium sampling volume needs to be calculated together with the sampler sampling volume and the helium and air sampling volume data of this sampling in the flow totalizer.

[0004] The following disadvantages exist in the serial sampling of flow totalizer and sampler: 1. The operation is complicated. In order to consider the back suction problem of the sampler, the sampling method needs to be changed frequently. When the helium and air intake flows do not match, the sampler flow will be abnormal; 2. The flow totalizer frequently malfunctions due to its own quality problems, which has a great impact on the sampling work; 3. The steps for calculating the helium sampling volume are complicated, which increases the difficulty of operation and the possibility of errors. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a tritium carbon sampling device and a sampling method for the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor to solve the problems of abnormal sampler flow, high failure rate and complicated helium sampling volume calculation steps in the current series sampling of flow integrators and samplers.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a tritium carbon sampling device for a primary coolant loop of a gas-cooled reactor, comprising:

[0007] A coolant input pipeline, the coolant input pipeline is connected to the coolant output end of the gas-cooled reactor, and a first flow meter is provided on the coolant input pipeline;

[0008] a first collecting device, wherein an input end of the first collecting device is in communication with a coolant input pipeline, and the first collecting device is used to collect tritium and carbon-14 in the form of H2O and CO2 in the coolant;

[0009] A catalytic oxidation device, wherein the catalytic oxidation device has a catalytic oxidation device input pipeline and a catalytic oxidation device output pipeline;

[0010] An oxidant input pipeline, one end of which is connected to the outside atmosphere or to an oxidant gas cylinder, and the other end of which is connected to the catalytic oxidation device input pipeline after merging with the output end of the first collecting device;

[0011] a second collecting device, wherein the input end of the second collecting device is connected to the output pipeline of the catalytic oxidation device, the second collecting device is used to collect tritium and carbon-14 in the form of H2 and CO in the coolant, and the output end of the second collecting device outputs the treated coolant;

[0012] A power device is arranged at the output end of the second collecting device, and is used to provide suction force for the oxidant input pipeline so that the oxidant input pipeline directly obtains air as an oxidant from the outside atmosphere or obtains the oxidant from an oxidant gas cylinder, and the power device is used to provide transportation power for the oxidant, air and their mixed media.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the tritium carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of the gas-cooled reactor are as follows:

[0014] Compared with the existing device, the above-mentioned tritium-carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of the gas-cooled reactor has eliminated the gas mixing device and the flow integrator, thereby solving the problems of high equipment failure rate and complex calculation of sampling results caused by the mismatch between the coolant and air flow rates of the gas mixing device and the flow integrator of the existing sampling equipment, reducing the number of on-site equipment, reducing the equipment failure rate, and making the system structure simpler. Since the gas mixing device and the flow integrator are eliminated, the coolant input pipeline is directly connected to the first collecting device, and an oxidant input pipeline is added in front of the catalytic oxidation device, so that the coolant and the oxidant are input separately. When the coolant flow on the coolant input pipeline is detected, it can be directly measured by the first flow meter on the coolant input pipeline, thereby reducing the steps of calculating the coolant sampling volume and improving the ease and accuracy of operation.

[0015] The tritium carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of the gas-cooled reactor uses an oxidant input pipeline that directly passes through the air to directly obtain air from the outside as an oxidant. The oxidant does not need to be generated by regeneration, and solid oxidants and related regeneration equipment are not required, which simplifies maintenance work, is simple to operate, simplifies the overall structure of the device, further reduces the equipment failure rate, and greatly reduces the overall footprint of the device. In addition, the method of directly obtaining oxidants from the outside through the oxidant input pipeline in this embodiment will not generate pollutants such as waste gas in the regeneration process of solid oxidants.

[0016] Therefore, the above-mentioned tritium-carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of the gas-cooled reactor not only simplifies the operating process, but also significantly improves the reliability and maintenance convenience of the system, and further ensures the efficiency and accuracy of the sampling work.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, a check valve is provided on the oxidant input pipeline, and the check valve is used to prevent gas backflow.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, a flow control valve is provided on the oxidant input pipeline, and the flow control valve is used to adjust the air intake flow rate so as to match the flow rate of the coolant entering the catalytic oxidation device. The flow control valve can accurately control the flow rate of air (as an oxidant) entering the system to maintain an optimal ratio with the flow rate of the coolant, thereby ensuring the efficiency and stability of the catalytic oxidation reaction and avoiding incomplete or excessive reaction due to excessive or insufficient oxidant.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, a second flow meter is provided on the oxidant input pipeline.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, at least one filter is arranged on the coolant input pipeline.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, two filters are provided and are respectively located at the front end and the rear end of the first flow meter.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the output end of the second collecting device is connected to a coolant output pipeline, and the power device is arranged on the coolant output pipeline, and the power device is an air pump.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the first collecting device comprises a plurality of first bubbling bottles connected in series in sequence; the second collecting device comprises a plurality of second bubbling bottles connected in series in sequence;

[0024] At least one of the first bubbling bottle and at least one of the second bubbling bottle are filled with ultrapure water to collect tritium in the coolant;

[0025] At least one of the first bubbling bottle and at least one of the second bubbling bottle are filled with potassium hydroxide solution to collect carbon-14 in the coolant.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution contained in the first bubbling bottle and the second bubbling bottle is 5.6 g / L to 56 g / L.

[0027] A method for sampling tritium-carbon in a primary coolant loop of a gas-cooled reactor, the method being based on the tritium-carbon sampling device for a primary coolant loop of a gas-cooled reactor, comprising the following steps:

[0028] Open the coolant input pipeline, oxidant input pipeline, and power unit;

[0029] The coolant outputted from the gas-cooled reactor is inputted into the first collecting device through the coolant input pipeline, and the first collecting device collects tritium and carbon-14 in the form of H2O and CO2 in the coolant;

[0030] The oxidant input pipeline directly obtains external air, and uses the air as an oxidant and mixes it with the coolant processed by the first collecting device and inputs it into the catalytic oxidation device. The catalytic oxidation device reacts CO and H2 in the coolant with oxygen in the air to generate CO2 and H2O, and then inputs the coolant into the second collecting device;

[0031] The second collection device collects tritium and carbon-14 in the form of H2 and CO in the coolant;

[0032] After sampling is completed, close the coolant input pipeline, oxidant input pipeline, and power device, remove the first collection device and the second collection device to collect samples, and read the accumulated flow of the first flow meter of the coolant input pipeline as the coolant sampling volume.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned gas-cooled reactor primary-loop coolant tritium-carbon sampling method are the same as the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned gas-cooled reactor primary-loop coolant tritium-carbon sampling device, and will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tritium-carbon sampling device for a primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor provided for the invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the existing primary-loop helium-tritium-carbon sampling device for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Coolant input pipeline, 11. First flow meter, 12. Filter, 2. First collecting device, 3. Second collecting device, 4. Catalytic oxidation device, 41. Catalytic oxidation device input pipeline, 42. Catalytic oxidation device output pipeline, 5. Oxidant input pipeline, 51. Second flow meter, 52. Flow regulating valve, 53. Check valve, 6. Coolant output pipeline, 7. Power unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Combine the following Figure 1 , in combination with the tritium-carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor of the first aspect of the present invention and the tritium-carbon sampling method for the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor of the second aspect of the present invention, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a first aspect, a tritium carbon sampling device for a primary coolant loop of a gas-cooled reactor is provided, comprising a coolant input pipeline 1, a first collecting device 2, a catalytic oxidation device 4, an oxidant input pipeline 5, a second collecting device 3 and a power device 7.

[0042] The coolant input pipeline 1 is connected to the coolant output end of the gas-cooled reactor, and the coolant input pipeline 1 is used to transport the coolant discharged from the gas-cooled reactor, wherein the coolant can be helium. A first flowmeter 11 is provided on the coolant input pipeline 1, and the first flowmeter 11 is used to detect the coolant flow on the coolant input pipeline 1.

[0043] The input end of the first collecting device 2 is communicated with the coolant input pipeline 1, and the first collecting device 2 is used to collect tritium and carbon-14 in the form of H2O and CO2 in the coolant.

[0044] The catalytic oxidation device 4 has a catalytic oxidation device input pipeline 41 and a catalytic oxidation device output pipeline 42. The sampler catalytic oxidation device accelerates the reaction of CO and H2 in the coolant impurities with oxygen in the air to generate CO2 and H2O through a Pt-loaded metal catalyst.

[0045] One end of the oxidant input pipeline 5 is connected to the outside atmosphere to obtain outside air as an oxidant, or one end of the oxidant input pipeline 5 is connected to an oxidant gas cylinder to obtain the oxidant in the oxidant gas cylinder, and the other end of the oxidant input pipeline 5 is connected to the catalytic oxidation device input pipeline 41 after merging with the output end of the first collecting device 2.

[0046] The input end of the second collecting device 3 is connected to the output pipeline 42 of the catalytic oxidation device. The second collecting device 3 is used to collect tritium and carbon-14 in the form of H2 and CO in the coolant. The output end of the second collecting device 3 outputs the treated coolant.

[0047] The power device 7 is arranged at the output end of the second collecting device 3, and the power device 7 is used to provide suction force for the oxidant input pipeline 5, so that the oxidant input pipeline 5 directly obtains air as an oxidant from the outside atmosphere or obtains the oxidant from the oxidant gas cylinder, and the power device 7 is used to provide transportation power for the oxidant, air and their mixed media.

[0048] Compared with the existing device, the tritium-carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of the gas-cooled reactor mentioned above eliminates the gas mixing device and the flow integrator, thereby solving the problems of high equipment failure rate and complicated calculation of sampling results caused by the mismatch between the coolant and the air flow in the gas mixing device and the flow integrator of the existing sampling equipment, reducing the number of on-site equipment, reducing the equipment failure rate, and making the system structure simpler; since the gas mixing device and the flow integrator are eliminated, the coolant input pipeline 1 is directly connected to the first collecting device 2, and an oxidant input pipeline 5 is added before the catalytic oxidation device 4, so that the coolant and the oxidant are input separately. When the coolant flow on the coolant input pipeline 1 is detected, it can be directly measured by the first flow meter 11 on the coolant input pipeline 1, thereby reducing the steps of calculating the coolant sampling volume when arranging the gas mixing device and the flow integrator, and improving the ease of operation and accuracy.

[0049] If the oxidant supplied to the tritium carbon sampling device of the first-loop coolant of the gas-cooled reactor is generated by regenerating the solid oxidant, additional equipment will be required to achieve the regeneration of the solid oxidant, which increases the complexity and floor space of the system. The regeneration process of the solid oxidant usually takes a long time, during which the sampling device may not work properly, affecting the work efficiency. If any problems occur during the regeneration process (such as improper temperature control, unstable gas flow, etc.), it may cause incomplete or ineffective regeneration of the solid oxidant, thereby affecting the performance of the entire sampling device. In order to solve this problem, the tritium carbon sampling device of the first-loop coolant of the gas-cooled reactor provided in this embodiment uses an oxidant input pipeline 5 that directly passes through the air to directly obtain air from the outside as an oxidant. The oxidant does not need to be generated by regeneration, and does not require solid oxidants and their regeneration-related equipment, which simplifies maintenance work, is simple to operate, simplifies the overall structure of the device, further reduces the equipment failure rate, and greatly reduces the overall floor space of the device. In addition, the method of directly obtaining the oxidant from the outside through the oxidant input pipeline 5 in this embodiment will not produce pollutants such as waste gas during the regeneration process of the solid oxidant.

[0050] Therefore, the above-mentioned tritium-carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of the gas-cooled reactor not only simplifies the operating process, but also significantly improves the reliability and maintenance convenience of the system, and further ensures the efficiency and accuracy of the sampling work.

[0051] In some embodiments, a check valve 53 is provided on the oxidant input pipeline 5, and the check valve 53 can effectively prevent the gas in the system from flowing back, and prevent the oxidant (such as air) that has entered the system from flowing back to the outside atmosphere, thereby ensuring the normal supply of the oxidant.

[0052] In some embodiments, a flow regulating valve 52 is provided on the oxidant input pipeline 5, and the flow regulating valve 52 is used to adjust the air intake flow rate, so as to match the flow rate of the coolant entering the catalytic oxidation device 4. The flow regulating valve 52 can accurately control the flow rate of air (as an oxidant) entering the system to maintain an optimal ratio with the flow rate of the coolant, thereby ensuring the efficiency and stability of the catalytic oxidation reaction and avoiding incomplete or excessive reaction due to excessive or insufficient oxidant.

[0053] In some embodiments, a second flow meter 51 is provided on the oxidant input pipeline 5 , and the second flow meter 51 is used to detect the air flow on the oxidant input pipeline 5 .

[0054] In some embodiments, at least one filter 12 is provided on the coolant input pipeline 1, and the filter 12 is used to filter the coolant in the coolant input pipeline 1. As a preferred embodiment, two filters 12 are provided and are located at the front end and the rear end of the first flowmeter 11 respectively.

[0055] In some embodiments, the output end of the second collecting device 3 is connected to a coolant output pipeline 6, and a power device 7 is disposed on the coolant output pipeline 6, and the power device 7 is an air pump.

[0056] In some embodiments, the first collecting device 2 includes a plurality of first bubbling bottles connected in series; the second collecting device 3 includes a plurality of second bubbling bottles connected in series. Ultrapure water is contained in at least one first bubbling bottle and at least one second bubbling bottle to collect tritium in the coolant. Potassium hydroxide solution is contained in at least one first bubbling bottle and at least one second bubbling bottle to collect carbon-14 in the coolant. As a preferred embodiment, the first collecting device 2 includes two first bubbling bottles, one of which is filled with ultrapure water and the other first bubbling bottle is filled with potassium hydroxide solution; the second collecting device 3 includes two second bubbling bottles, one of which is filled with ultrapure water and the other second bubbling bottle is filled with potassium hydroxide solution.

[0057] In some embodiments, the concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution contained in the first bubbling bottle and the second bubbling bottle is 5.6 g / L to 56 g / L.

[0058] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in a second aspect, a method for sampling tritium-carbon in a primary coolant loop of a gas-cooled reactor is provided. The method is performed based on a tritium-carbon sampling device for a primary coolant loop of a gas-cooled reactor, and comprises the following steps:

[0059] After the air pump of the sampler is turned on, the flow regulating valve 52 and the check valve 53 on the oxidant input pipeline 5 are opened, and the coolant input pipeline 1 is opened, and the sampler starts sampling. After the sampling starts, the air intake flow rate can be adjusted at any time through the flow regulating valve 52 on the oxidant input pipeline 5 to ensure that the oxidant and coolant flows match.

[0060] The coolant outputted from the gas-cooled reactor is inputted into the first collecting device 2 through the coolant input pipeline 1, and the first collecting device 2 collects tritium and carbon-14 in the form of H2O and CO2 in the coolant.

[0061] The oxidant input pipeline 5 directly obtains external air, and uses the air as an oxidant and mixes it with the coolant treated by the first collection device 2 and inputs it to the catalytic oxidation device 4. Under the action of the Pt-supported metal catalyst, CO and H2 in the coolant react with oxygen in the air to generate CO2 and H2O, and then the coolant is input to the second collection device 3.

[0062] The second collecting device 3 collects tritium and carbon-14 in the form of H2 and CO in the coolant.

[0063] After sampling is completed, turn off the power device 7, close the flow regulating valve 52 and the check valve 53 on the oxidant input pipeline 5, close the coolant input pipeline 1, remove the first collection device 2 and the second collection device 3 to collect samples, and read the accumulated flow of the first flow meter of the coolant input pipeline 1, which is the coolant sampling amount.

[0064] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tritium carbon sampling device for a primary coolant loop of a gas-cooled reactor, characterized in that: include: A coolant input pipeline (1), the coolant input pipeline (1) being in communication with a coolant output end of the gas-cooled reactor, and the coolant input pipeline (1) being provided with a first flow meter (11); A first collecting device (2), the input end of the first collecting device (2) being in communication with the coolant input pipeline (1), and the first collecting device (2) being used for collecting tritium and carbon-14 in the form of H2O and CO2 in the coolant; A catalytic oxidation device (4), wherein the catalytic oxidation device (4) comprises a catalytic oxidation device input pipeline (41) and a catalytic oxidation device output pipeline (42); An oxidant input pipeline (5), one end of which is connected to the outside atmosphere or to an oxidant gas cylinder, and the other end of which is connected to the output end of the first collecting device (2) and then to the catalytic oxidation device input pipeline (41); a second collecting device (3), the input end of the second collecting device (3) being in communication with the output pipeline (42) of the catalytic oxidation device, the second collecting device (3) being used to collect tritium and carbon-14 in the form of H2 and CO in the coolant, and the output end of the second collecting device (3) outputting the treated coolant; A power device (7) is arranged at the output end of the second collecting device (3), and the power device (7) is used to provide suction force for the oxidant input pipeline (5), so that the oxidant input pipeline (5) directly obtains air as an oxidant from the outside atmosphere or obtains the oxidant from an oxidant gas cylinder, and the power device (7) is used to provide conveying power for the oxidant, air and a mixed medium thereof.

2. The tritium carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxidant input pipeline (5) is provided with a check valve (53), and the check valve (53) is used to prevent gas back-inhalation.

3. The tritium carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxidant input pipeline (5) is provided with a flow regulating valve (52), and the flow regulating valve (52) is used to regulate the air intake flow rate.

4. The tritium carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxidant input pipeline (5) is provided with a second flow meter (51).

5. The tritium carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one filter (12) is arranged on the coolant input pipeline (1).

6. The tritium carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two filters (12) are provided and are respectively located at the front end and the rear end of the first flow meter (11).

7. The tritium carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the second collecting device (3) is connected to a coolant output pipeline (6), and the power device (7) is arranged on the coolant output pipeline (6), and the power device (7) is an air pump.

8. The tritium carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first collecting device (2) comprises a plurality of first bubbling bottles connected in series; the second collecting device (3) comprises a plurality of second bubbling bottles connected in series; At least one of the first bubbling bottle and at least one of the second bubbling bottle are filled with ultrapure water to collect tritium in the coolant; At least one of the first bubbling bottle and at least one of the second bubbling bottle are filled with potassium hydroxide solution to collect carbon-14 in the coolant.

9. The tritium carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution contained in the first bubbling bottle and the second bubbling bottle is 5.6 g / L to 56 g / L.

10. A method for sampling tritium carbon in a primary coolant loop of a gas-cooled reactor, characterized in that: The method is carried out based on the tritium carbon sampling device for the primary coolant of a gas-cooled reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises the following steps: Opening the coolant input pipeline (1), the oxidant input pipeline (5), and the power device (7); The coolant output from the gas-cooled reactor is input to a first collecting device (2) through a coolant input pipeline (1), and the first collecting device (2) collects tritium and carbon-14 in the form of H2O and CO2 in the coolant; The oxidant input pipeline (5) directly obtains external air, and uses the air as an oxidant and mixes it with the coolant treated by the first collecting device (2) and inputs it into the catalytic oxidation device (4). The catalytic oxidation device (4) reacts CO and H2 in the coolant with oxygen in the air to generate CO2 and H2O, and then inputs the coolant into the second collecting device (3); The second collecting device (3) collects tritium and carbon-14 in the form of H2 and CO in the coolant; After sampling is completed, the coolant input pipeline (1), the oxidant input pipeline (5), and the power device (7) are closed, the first collecting device (2) and the second collecting device (3) are removed to collect samples, and the accumulated flow rate of the first flow meter of the coolant input pipeline (1) is read as the coolant sampling amount.

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