Rapid spectrum reconstruction device and method based on acousto-optic deflector

Abstract

The invention provides a rapid spectrum reconstruction device and method based on an acousto-optic deflector. The device comprises the acousto-optic deflector, an acousto-optic deflector driver, a light-passing slit unit, a single-pixel detector and a data acquisition circuit, and the acousto-optic deflector is arranged on a transmission path of a to-be-detected sample spectral signal and is used for coding the sample spectral signal under the driving action of the acousto-optic deflector. According to the rapid spectrum reconstruction device and method based on the acousto-optic deflector, the acousto-optic deflector is adopted as an encoding device, the single-pixel detector is adopted as a detector, and the spectrum reconstruction speed is effectively increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of spectrum reconstruction, and in particular relates to a rapid spectrum reconstruction device and method based on an acousto-optic deflector. Background Art

[0002] Computational spectral reconstruction technology has great application potential due to its advantages such as compactness, high resolution and large measurement bandwidth. Computational spectral reconstruction technology mainly includes three parts: spectral encoder, detector and spectral reconstruction algorithm. The existing computational spectral reconstruction technology mainly includes the following four types: the first is spatial spot type computational spectral reconstruction. In this method, random media is used to spatially encode the incident light spot, and a CCD camera is used as a detector. The spectrum is reconstructed through a transfer matrix, principal component analysis algorithm or machine learning algorithm. The disadvantage of this method is that due to the use of CCD The second is the spatial response type computational spectral reconstruction, in which filters or detector arrays with different spectral responses are used for spatial encoding, and the detector array is used as the detector, and the spectrum is reconstructed through the transmission matrix. The disadvantage of this method is that due to the use of the detector array, the number of detectors in the system is limited under the condition of small size, so it is difficult to achieve a large dynamic range; the third is the time domain spot type computational spectral reconstruction, this method uses Rayleigh scattering in single-mode optical fiber for encoding, and a single-pixel detector is used to measure the Rayleigh scattered light intensity at different positions in the single-mode optical fiber, and the spectrum is reconstructed through the transmission matrix method or the cross-correlation algorithm. The disadvantage of this method is that the time domain spot is obtained through a scanning mechanism, and the speed is limited by the scanning speed; the fourth is the time domain response type computational spectral reconstruction, in which the spectral response of a single detector is changed or encoded through a spatial light modulator, and a single-pixel detector is used to measure the intensity under each encoding, and the spectrum is reconstructed through the transmission matrix method. The measurement speed of this method depends on the speed of the encoding device, which is generally several kHz. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a rapid spectrum reconstruction device and method based on an acousto-optic deflector, which can effectively solve the above problems.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The present invention provides a rapid spectrum reconstruction device based on an acousto-optic deflector, comprising an acousto-optic deflector (6-1), an acousto-optic deflector driver (6-2), a light-transmitting slit unit (6-5), a single-pixel detector (6-9) and a data acquisition circuit (6-10);

[0006] The acousto-optic deflector (6-1) is arranged on the transmission path of the sample spectral signal (5) to be measured, and is used to encode the sample spectral signal (5) under the action of the acousto-optic deflector driver (6-2), obtain the encoded spectral signal, and output zero-order transmitted light and first-order diffracted light; wherein the transmission direction of each spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light is the same as the direction of the incident light incident on the acousto-optic deflector (6-1), and each spectral component in the first-order diffracted light is offset at different angles from the direction of the incident light and has a frequency shift with the corresponding spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light;

[0007] The light-clearing slit unit (6-5) is arranged on the transmission path of the first-order diffracted light of the acousto-optic deflector (6-1), and the light-clearing slit unit (6-5) has a light-clearing slit that matches the target first-order diffracted light, so that the spectral component that meets the specific angle passes through the light-clearing slit, and the other first-order diffracted light is blocked by the light-clearing slit unit (6-5);

[0008] The single-pixel detector (6-9) is arranged on the light-clearing slit transmission path of the light-clearing slit unit (6-5) and is used to detect a spectral signal of target first-order diffraction light passing through the light-clearing slit unit (6-5);

[0009] The data acquisition circuit (6-10) is connected to the single-pixel detector (6-9) and is used to collect the spectral signal of the target first-order diffraction light detected by the single-pixel detector (6-9), and reconstruct the sample spectral signal (5) according to the acousto-optic deflector driving signal of the acousto-optic deflector (6-1).

[0010] Preferably, it further comprises a light blocker (6-4); the light blocker (6-4) is arranged on the transmission path of the zero-order transmission light output by the acousto-optic deflector (6-1).

[0011] Preferably, it also includes a sample spectrum signal excitation unit; the sample spectrum signal excitation unit includes a detection light source (1), a beam splitter (2), an objective lens (3) and a sample to be tested (4);

[0012] The detection light source (1) is used to emit a detection light beam; the beam splitter (2) is arranged on the transmission path of the detection light beam; the objective lens (3) is arranged on the transmission light path of the beam splitter (2); the sample to be measured (4) is arranged at the focusing focal plane position of the objective lens (3), and the sample to be measured (4) is excited to generate the sample spectrum signal (5), which is reflected by the beam splitter (2) to form the sample spectrum signal (5) to be measured that is incident on the reconstruction spectrum analyzer (6).

[0013] The present invention also provides a spectrum reconstruction method of the rapid spectrum reconstruction device based on an acousto-optic deflector, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step S1, assuming that the sample spectral signal (5) to be detected has N sample spectral components, expressed as [λ 1 , λ 2 ,λ 3 ....λ N ];

[0015] Step S2: Determine the transmission matrix of the corresponding order according to the number N of sample spectral components to be detected , the transmission matrix is an N*N square matrix, and the transmission matrix It consists of only two elements: 0 and 1;

[0016] Step S3, transmission matrix Each row generates a driving signal, so N driving signals can be generated, and the N driving signals are sequentially connected to the acousto-optic deflector drive (6-2);

[0017] Step S4, during the transmission of the sample spectrum signal (5) to be measured, the acousto-optic deflector driver (6-2) sequentially applies N types of driving signals to the acousto-optic deflector (6-1), and the acousto-optic deflector (6-1) encodes the sample spectrum signal (5) according to the driving signal to obtain an encoded spectrum signal;

[0018] The encoding method is: according to the element value in each driving signal, determine whether to load the corresponding sample spectral component, that is, if the first element value in the driving signal is 1, the sample spectral component λ is loaded. 1 If the first element value in the driving signal is 0, the sample spectral component λ is not loaded. 1 If the value of the second element in the driving signal is 1, the sample spectral component λ is loaded 2 If the value of the second element in the driving signal is 0, the sample spectral component λ is not loaded. 2 , and so on, to determine whether to load [λ 1 , λ 2 , λ 3 ....λ N ], the loaded sample spectral components form a coded spectral signal;

[0019] Step S5, the acousto-optic deflector (6-1) encodes the sample spectrum signal (5) to obtain an encoded spectrum signal, and outputs zero-order transmitted light and first-order diffracted light;

[0020] Step S6, the light-passing slit unit (6-5) filters the first-order diffracted light, so that the spectral components that meet the specific angle pass through the light-passing slit;

[0021] Step S7: The single pixel detector (6-9) detects the first order diffraction light passing through the light slit to obtain a detection spectrum signal R=[R 1 , R 2 ,R 3 ....R N ] and transmitted to the data acquisition circuit (6-10);

[0022] Step S8, the data acquisition circuit (6-10) uses the following formula to obtain the sample spectrum signal (5):

[0023] ;

[0024] This step is finished.

[0025] Preferably, N is an integer multiple of 2 or 4, and the transmission matrix for:

[0026] (1) Determine the initial transmission matrix :

[0027] ;

[0028] (2) The initial transmission matrix Replace the element -1 in with 0, and get the transmission matrix .

[0029] A fast spectral reconstruction device and method based on an acousto-optic deflector provided by the present invention have the following advantages: A fast spectral reconstruction device and method based on an acousto-optic deflector provided by the present invention adopts an acousto-optic deflector as an encoding device and a single-pixel detector as a detector, thereby effectively improving the spectral reconstruction speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a rapid spectrum reconstruction device based on an acousto-optic deflector provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A diagram showing an implementation example of the rapid spectrum reconstruction device based on an acousto-optic deflector provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is another example diagram of an implementation of the rapid spectrum reconstruction device based on an acousto-optic deflector provided by the present invention.

[0033] Among them: 1 is the detection light source, 2 is the beam splitter, 3 is the objective lens, 4 is the sample to be tested, 5 is the sample spectral signal, 6 is the reconstruction spectrum analyzer, 6-1 is the acousto-optic deflector, 6-2 is the acousto-optic deflector driver, 6-3 is the zero-order transmitted light, 6-4 is the light blocker, 6-5 is the light-passing slit, 6-6 is the first diffraction light interference light, 6-7 is the second diffraction light interference light, 6-8 is the target first-order diffraction light, 6-9 is the single-pixel detector, 6-10 is the data acquisition circuit; 7 is a concave total reflection mirror, 8 is a beam expander, 9 is a beam combiner, 10 is a beam splitter, 11 is a spatial light modulator, 12 is a beam splitter / combiner, 13 is a microscope objective lens, 14 is a filter, and 15 is a focusing lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0035] The present invention provides a fast spectrum reconstruction method based on an acousto-optic deflector. The acousto-optic deflector is used as a spectrum encoding device, which can effectively improve the spectrum encoding speed and the spectrum reconstruction speed.

[0036] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a fast spectrum reconstruction device based on an acousto-optic deflector, comprising an acousto-optic deflector 6-1, an acousto-optic deflector driver 6-2, a light-transmitting slit unit 6-5, a single-pixel detector 6-9 and a data acquisition circuit 6-10;

[0037] The acousto-optic deflector 6-1 is arranged on the transmission path of the sample spectrum signal 5 to be measured, and is used to encode the sample spectrum signal 5 under the action of the acousto-optic deflector driver 6-2 to obtain the encoded spectrum signal, and output zero-order transmitted light 6-3 and first-order diffracted light; wherein the transmission direction of each spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light 6-3 is the same as the direction of the incident light incident on the acousto-optic deflector 6-1, and each spectral component in the first-order diffracted light has a different angle offset from the incident light direction and has a frequency shift with the corresponding spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light 6-3; and also includes a light blocker 6-4; the light blocker 6-4 is arranged on the transmission path of the zero-order transmitted light 6-3 output by the acousto-optic deflector 6-1. By setting the light blocker 6-4, the optical signal directly passing through the acousto-optic deflector 6-1 is recovered.

[0038] The light-clearing slit unit 6-5 is arranged on the transmission path of the first-order diffracted light of the acousto-optic deflector 6-1, and the light-clearing slit unit 6-5 has a light-clearing slit that matches the target first-order diffracted light, so that the spectral component that meets the specific angle passes through the light-clearing slit, and the other first-order diffracted light is blocked by the light-clearing slit unit 6-5; Figure 1 The first diffraction light interference light 6-6 and the second diffraction light interference light 6-7 are interfering diffraction lights, which are blocked by the light-transmitting slit unit 6-5, and only the target first-order diffraction light 6-8 passes through the light-transmitting slit.

[0039] The following effects are achieved by the acousto-optic deflector 6-1 and the light-passing slit unit 6-5: by changing the frequency component in the driving signal of the acousto-optic deflector 6-1, the spectral component passing through the light-passing slit unit 6-5 is changed to achieve encoding of the measured light signal.

[0040] The single-pixel detector 6-9 is arranged on the light-clearing slit transmission path of the light-clearing slit unit 6-5, and is used to detect the spectral signal of the target first-order diffraction light passing through the light-clearing slit unit 6-5, specifically the optical power passing through the light-clearing slit unit 6-5 after encoding.

[0041] The data acquisition circuit 6-10 is connected to the single-pixel detector 6-9, and is used to collect the spectral signal of the target first-order diffraction light detected by the single-pixel detector 6-9, and reconstruct the sample spectral signal 5 according to the acousto-optic deflector driving signal of the acousto-optic deflector 6-1.

[0042] See also Figure 2 In practical applications, it also includes a sample spectrum signal excitation unit; the sample spectrum signal excitation unit includes a detection light source 1, a beam splitter 2, an objective lens 3 and a sample to be measured 4;

[0043] The detection light source 1 is used to emit a detection light beam; the beam splitter 2 is arranged on the transmission path of the detection light beam; the objective lens 3 is arranged on the transmission light path of the beam splitter 2, and the sample to be measured 4 is arranged at the focusing focal plane position of the objective lens 3, and the sample to be measured 4 is excited to generate the sample spectral signal 5, which is reflected by the beam splitter 2 to form the sample spectral signal 5 to be measured that is incident on the reconstruction spectrometer 6.

[0044] Specifically, the output light beam of the detection light source 1 passes through the beam splitter 2 and is focused onto the sample 4 to be tested by the objective lens 3 . The sample spectrum signal 5 collected by the objective lens 3 is reflected by the beam splitter 2 and is incident on the reconstruction spectrum analyzer 6 .

[0045] The sample spectrum signal 5 first passes through the acousto-optic deflector 6-1. When the acousto-optic deflector driver 6-2 outputs a driving signal, the sample spectrum signal 5 is encoded by the acousto-optic deflector 6-1 and divided into zero-order transmitted light 6-3, first diffraction light interference light 6-6, second diffraction light interference light 6-7 and target first-order diffraction light 6-8; wherein, the zero-order transmitted light 6-3 is recovered by the light blocker 6-4, the first diffraction light interference light 6-6 and the second diffraction light interference light 6-7 are blocked by the light-transmitting slit 6-5, and the target first-order diffraction light 6-8 passes through the light-transmitting slit 6-5 and is incident on the single-pixel detector 6-9. The output signal of the single-pixel detector 6-9 is connected to the data acquisition circuit 6-10.

[0046] When the output drive signal of the acousto-optic deflector driver 6-2 changes, the spectral component of the target first-order diffraction light 6-8 changes, and spectral encoding is achieved by changing the output signal of the acousto-optic deflector driver 6-2. Since the acousto-optic deflector can achieve an encoding speed of the order of megahertz, the spectral reconstruction speed can reach the order of megahertz. When the sample spectral signal 5 changes dynamically, the reconstructed spectrum analyzer 6 can dynamically measure.

[0047] The invention provides a rapid spectrum reconstruction device based on an acousto-optic deflector, which adopts an acousto-optic device to realize spectrum encoding and builds a reconstruction spectrum analyzer based on the acousto-optic device.

[0048] The present invention also provides a spectrum reconstruction method of a rapid spectrum reconstruction device based on an acousto-optic deflector, comprising the following steps:

[0049] Step S1: Assume that the sample spectrum signal 5 to be detected has N sample spectrum components, expressed as [λ 1 , λ 2 ,λ 3 ....λ N ];

[0050] Step S2: Determine the transmission matrix of the corresponding order according to the number N of sample spectral components to be detected. , the transmission matrix is an N*N square matrix, and the transmission matrix It consists of only two elements: 0 and 1;

[0051] As a preferred method, N is an integer multiple of 2 or 4, and the transmission matrix for:

[0052] (1) Determine the initial transmission matrix :

[0053] ;

[0054] (2) The initial transmission matrix Replace the element -1 in with 0, and get the transmission matrix 。

[0055] Transfer matrix The number of symbol changes in each row in is called the column rate of the row. The transfer matrix Each row in has a unique column rate. The column rate measures the rate of change of a function, similar to the sine basis function of the Fourier transform. Since the overall characteristics of the spectral information are distributed in the low-frequency signals and the detailed characteristics are distributed in the high-frequency characteristics, the overall characteristics of the spectrum can be resolved by only performing encoded measurements with low column rates, realizing compressed computational spectral measurement, thereby further improving the spectral measurement speed. For example, if the transfer matrix has an order of N, and only the rows with column rates <N / 2, <N / 4, <N / 8 are used for spectral encoding, the spectral measurement speed can be increased by 2, 4, and 8 times.

[0056] Step S3, each row of the transfer matrix generates a driving signal. Therefore, N driving signals can be generated, and the N driving signals are sequentially connected to the acousto-optic deflector driver 6-2;

[0057] Step S4, during the transmission of the sample spectral signal 5 to be measured, the acousto-optic deflector driver 6-2 sequentially applies the N driving signals to the acousto-optic deflector 6-1, and the acousto-optic deflector 6-1 encodes the sample spectral signal 5 according to the driving signal to obtain an encoded spectral signal;

[0058] The encoding method is: according to the element value in each driving signal, determine whether to load the corresponding sample spectral component, that is: if the first element value in the driving signal is 1, that is, load the sample spectral component λ 1 , if the first element value in the driving signal is 0, that is, do not load the sample spectral component λ 1 ; if the second element value in the driving signal is 1, that is, load the sample spectral component λ 2 , if the second element value in the driving signal is 0, that is, do not load the sample spectral component λ 2 , and so on, determine whether to load [λ 1 , λ 2 , λ 3 ....λ N , and the loaded sample spectral components form an encoded spectral signal;

[0059] Step S5, after the acousto-optic deflector 6-1 encodes the sample spectral signal 5, an encoded spectral signal is obtained, and the zero-order transmitted light and the first-order diffracted light are output;

[0060] Step S6, the light-passing slit unit 6-5 filters the first-order diffracted light to allow the spectral components that meet a specific angle to pass through the light-passing slit;

[0061] Step S7: the single pixel detector 6-9 detects the first order diffraction light passing through the light passing slit, and obtains a detection spectrum signal R=[R 1 , R 2 ,R 3 ....R N ] and transmitted to the data acquisition circuit 6-10;

[0062] Step S8, the data acquisition circuit 6-10 uses the following formula to obtain the sample spectrum signal 5:

[0063] ;

[0064] This step is finished.

[0065] The transmission matrix used in the present invention is an N*N square matrix, and the transmission matrix It consists of only two elements, 0 and 1, and has a simple structure, which is conducive to further improving the encoding speed of the acousto-optic deflector, thereby improving the speed of spectral reconstruction.

[0066] The acousto-optic deflector 6-1 and the single-pixel detector 6-9 provided by the present invention can be combined with other optical devices to realize various types of spectral measurement instruments. Figure 3 As shown, it is an implementation example diagram of a radio frequency tagged monochromatic light depth resolution technology for measuring layered samples based on an acousto-optic deflector 6-1 and a single-pixel detector 6-9 provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] The detection light source 1, whose output light is divided into zero-order transmitted light and first-order diffracted light after passing through the acousto-optic deflector 6-1, wherein the zero-order transmitted light propagates along the direction of the incident light, and the propagation direction of the first-order diffracted light is deflected. When the acousto-optic deflector 6-1 is loaded with driving signals of multiple frequencies, multiple beams of first-order diffracted light are generated, and the frequency of each beam of first-order diffracted light is frequency shifted relative to the incident light, and the frequency shift amount is equal to the frequency of the corresponding acousto-optic deflector 6-1 driving signal.

[0068] The concave total reflection mirror 7 is used to reflect the first-order diffraction light. The distance between the concave total reflection mirror 7 and the acousto-optic deflector 6-1 is equal to its focal length. The first-order diffraction light becomes parallel light after being reflected by the concave total reflection mirror 7.

[0069] The beam expander 8 is used to expand the zero-order transmitted light. The zero-order transmitted light after expansion and the first-order diffraction light after reflection are combined and beat by the beam combiner 9. After the beat, the amplitude modulation frequency of each combined light beam is different, thereby realizing radio frequency tagging. Each beam of beat light is reflected to different pixel units of the spatial light modulator 11 by the beam splitter 10, and different wavefront modulation is performed on each beam of beat light by setting the gray scale of each pixel unit of the spatial light modulator 11. The modulated beat light passes through the beam splitter 10, is reflected by the beam splitter / combiner 12, and then is focused to different layers of the layered sample through the microscope objective 13. The microscope objective 13 simultaneously collects the signal light generated by each layer of the layered sample. Each signal light passes through the beam splitter / combiner 12 and the filter 14, and then is focused to the single pixel detector 6-9 by the lens 15. The filter 14 is used to filter out stray light other than the signal light. The single-pixel detectors 6-9 measure the signal light generated by each layer at a time. Since the radio frequency frequency of each signal light corresponds to the radio frequency frequency of its excitation light one by one, depth analysis can be performed based on the radio frequency frequency of the signal light.

[0070] The effects that can be achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0071] (1) Spectral encoding speed can reach megahertz level

[0072] The present invention adopts an acousto-optic deflector as a spectral encoding device, and realizes encoding by changing the driving signal of the acousto-optic deflector to generate different spectral responses. Since the refresh rate of the driving signal can reach the megahertz level, the encoding speed can reach the megahertz level.

[0073] (2) Spectral reconstruction speed can reach megahertz level

[0074] The present invention adopts an acousto-optic deflector as an encoding device, whose speed can reach the megahertz level, and adopts a single-pixel detector as a detector, whose measurement bandwidth is greater than the megahertz level; the transmission matrix method is used to solve the spectrum, and its speed can also reach the megahertz level; therefore, the spectrum reconstruction speed of the present invention can reach the megahertz level.

[0075] (3) Large dynamic range and high resolution

[0076] The measurement bandwidth of the acousto-optic deflector in the present invention can reach hundreds of nanometers, and the resolution of the encoding method and the spectrum solving method can be less than 1 nm, so the dynamic range of the present invention is on the order of 103.

[0077] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fast spectrum reconstruction device based on an acousto-optic deflector, characterized in that: It includes an acousto-optic deflector (6-1), an acousto-optic deflector driver (6-2), a light-transmitting slit unit (6-5), a single-pixel detector (6-9) and a data acquisition circuit (6-10); The acousto-optic deflector (6-1) is arranged on the transmission path of the sample spectral signal (5) to be measured, and is used to encode the sample spectral signal (5) under the action of the acousto-optic deflector driver (6-2), obtain the encoded spectral signal, and output zero-order transmitted light and first-order diffracted light; wherein the transmission direction of each spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light is the same as the direction of the incident light incident on the acousto-optic deflector (6-1), and each spectral component in the first-order diffracted light is offset at different angles from the direction of the incident light and has a frequency shift with the corresponding spectral component in the zero-order transmitted light; The light-clearing slit unit (6-5) is arranged on the transmission path of the first-order diffracted light of the acousto-optic deflector (6-1), and the light-clearing slit unit (6-5) has a light-clearing slit that matches the target first-order diffracted light, so that the spectral component that meets the specific angle passes through the light-clearing slit, and the other first-order diffracted light is blocked by the light-clearing slit unit (6-5); The single-pixel detector (6-9) is arranged on the light-clearing slit transmission path of the light-clearing slit unit (6-5) and is used to detect a spectral signal of target first-order diffraction light passing through the light-clearing slit unit (6-5); The data acquisition circuit (6-10) is connected to the single-pixel detector (6-9) and is used to collect the spectral signal of the target first-order diffraction light detected by the single-pixel detector (6-9), and reconstruct the sample spectral signal (5) according to the acousto-optic deflector driving signal of the acousto-optic deflector (6-1).

2. The rapid spectrum reconstruction device based on an acousto-optic deflector according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a light blocker (6-4); the light blocker (6-4) is arranged on the transmission path of the zero-order transmission light output by the acousto-optic deflector (6-1).

3. The rapid spectrum reconstruction device based on an acousto-optic deflector according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sample spectrum signal excitation unit; the sample spectrum signal excitation unit includes a detection light source (1), a beam splitter (2), an objective lens (3) and a sample to be tested (4); The detection light source (1) is used to emit a detection light beam; the beam splitter (2) is arranged on the transmission path of the detection light beam; the objective lens (3) is arranged on the transmission light path of the beam splitter (2); the sample to be measured (4) is arranged at the focusing focal plane position of the objective lens (3), and the sample to be measured (4) is excited to generate the sample spectrum signal (5), which is reflected by the beam splitter (2) to form the sample spectrum signal (5) to be measured that is incident on the reconstruction spectrum analyzer (6).

4. A spectrum reconstruction method of the rapid spectrum reconstruction device based on acousto-optic deflector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, assuming that the sample spectral signal (5) to be detected has N sample spectral components, represented by [λ1, λ2,λ3....λ N ]; Step S2: Determine the transmission matrix of the corresponding order according to the number N of sample spectral components to be detected. , the transmission matrix is an N*N square matrix, and the transmission matrix It consists of only two elements: 0 and 1; Step S3, transmission matrix Each row generates a driving signal, so N driving signals can be generated, and the N driving signals are sequentially connected to the acousto-optic deflector drive (6-2); Step S4, during the transmission of the sample spectrum signal (5) to be measured, the acousto-optic deflector driver (6-2) sequentially applies N types of driving signals to the acousto-optic deflector (6-1), and the acousto-optic deflector (6-1) encodes the sample spectrum signal (5) according to the driving signal to obtain an encoded spectrum signal; The encoding method is: according to the element value in each of the driving signals, determine whether to load the corresponding sample spectral component, that is, if the first element value in the driving signal is 1, the sample spectral component λ1 is loaded; if the first element value in the driving signal is 0, the sample spectral component λ1 is not loaded; if the second element value in the driving signal is 1, the sample spectral component λ2 is loaded; if the second element value in the driving signal is 0, the sample spectral component λ2 is not loaded; and so on, determine whether to load [λ1, λ2, λ3....λ N ], the loaded sample spectral components form a coded spectral signal; Step S5, the acousto-optic deflector (6-1) encodes the sample spectrum signal (5) to obtain an encoded spectrum signal, and outputs zero-order transmitted light and first-order diffracted light; Step S6, the light-passing slit unit (6-5) filters the first-order diffracted light, so that the spectral components that meet the specific angle pass through the light-passing slit; Step S7, the single pixel detector (6-9) detects the first-order diffraction light passing through the light-passing slit, and obtains a detection spectrum signal R=[R1, R2, R3....R N ] and transmitted to the data acquisition circuit (6-10); Step S8, the data acquisition circuit (6-10) uses the following formula to obtain the sample spectrum signal (5): ； This step is finished.

5. The spectrum reconstruction method of the rapid spectrum reconstruction device based on an acousto-optic deflector according to claim 4, characterized in that: N is an integer multiple of 2 or 4, the transmission matrix for: (1) Determine the initial transmission matrix : ； (2) The initial transmission matrix Replace the element -1 in with 0, and get the transmission matrix .

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