Wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module based on ESP32 series microcontroller

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring, and particularly relates to a wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module based on an ESP32 series microcontroller, which consists of an MCU (Microprogrammed Control Unit), a DC / DC (Direct Current / Direct Current) power supply circuit, a wireless communication unit and an early warning unit, the MCU is used for monitoring abnormal high temperature, characteristic gas and smoke of lithium battery thermal runaway through the MEMS hydrogen sensor, the optical smoke sensor and the digital temperature sensor, and the conventional mode that an existing lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module is connected into a battery management system through wired communication is broken through; and the thermal runaway monitoring function can be quickly added in the existing lithium battery equipment without greatly transforming equipment lines and software and hardware of a communication system. The problem that the thermal runaway monitoring function is difficult to increase during system modification of the existing lithium battery equipment is solved. Moreover, the module circuit is refined, the size is small, and the module can be conveniently installed in a narrow space of a power lithium battery and an energy storage lithium battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring, in particular to a wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module based on an ESP32 series microcontroller. Background Art

[0002] The existing wired communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module has some problems when used. First, in terms of equipment modification, a large number of equipment lines need to be modified. Since the battery management system is connected by wired connection, it means that a large number of communication lines need to be laid on the basis of the original lithium battery equipment, which is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also easy to damage the structure and layout of the original equipment, increasing the complexity and difficulty of the modification;

[0003] Secondly, it involves a lot of modifications to the communication system's software and hardware. Wired communication usually relies on specific interfaces and protocols. When integrating with a new monitoring module, the communication software in the battery management system needs to be rewritten or upgraded, and the hardware interface needs to be adapted.

[0004] Furthermore, the line layout of wired communication limits its flexibility. The connection of the lines needs to consider the physical space and wiring direction. For some application scenarios with small space and complex structure, such as power lithium batteries and energy storage lithium batteries, wiring is extremely difficult. It may even be impossible to achieve ideal line laying due to space limitations, affecting the installation location selection of the monitoring module and the overall monitoring effect.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module based on an ESP32 series microcontroller. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: the wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module based on the ESP32 series microcontroller described in the present invention is characterized in that the wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module is composed of an MCU, a DC / DC power supply circuit, a wireless communication unit, and an early warning unit.

[0008] Preferably, the MCU includes a MEMS hydrogen sensor, an optical smoke sensor and a digital temperature sensor, and the MCU monitors abnormal high temperature, characteristic gas and smoke of thermal runaway of the lithium battery through the MEMS hydrogen sensor, the optical smoke sensor and the digital temperature sensor.

[0009] Preferably, the wireless communication unit includes an ESP32 chip WiFi hotspot and an ESP32 chip Bluetooth communication. The ESP32 chip WiFi hotspot function provides a modbus-tcp protocol data interface for external devices, and the ESP32 chip Bluetooth communication conversion USART interface function provides a modbus-rtu protocol data interface for external devices.

[0010] Preferably, a MEMS hydrogen sensor, an optical smoke sensor, and a digital temperature sensor form a composite lithium battery thermal runaway characteristic detector.

[0011] Preferably, the warning unit is used to send a warning signal based on a warning algorithm when a risk of thermal runaway of the lithium battery is detected.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] The wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module based on the ESP32 series microcontroller described in the present invention breaks the conventional mode of using wired communication to access the battery management system in the existing lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module. It can quickly add thermal runaway monitoring functions to existing lithium battery equipment without a large number of modifications to the equipment lines and communication system hardware and software. It solves the problem of difficulty in adding thermal runaway monitoring functions to existing lithium battery equipment system modifications. In addition, the module circuit is refined, small in size, and easy to install in the small space of power lithium batteries and energy storage lithium batteries. It meets the requirements of cost and implementation effectiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 This is the architecture diagram of the thermal runaway monitoring module in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, the wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module based on the ESP32 series microcontroller of the embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module is composed of an MCU, a DC / DC power supply circuit, a wireless communication unit, and an early warning unit. The MCU includes a MEMS hydrogen sensor, an optical smoke sensor, and a digital temperature sensor. The MCU monitors the abnormal high temperature, characteristic gas, and smoke of the thermal runaway of the lithium battery through the MEMS hydrogen sensor, the optical smoke sensor, and the digital temperature sensor.

[0018] The wireless communication unit includes ESP32 chip WiFi hotspot and ESP32 chip Bluetooth communication. The ESP32 chip WiFi hotspot function provides a modbus-tcp protocol data interface for external devices. The ESP32 chip Bluetooth communication adapter USART interface function provides a modbus-rtu protocol data interface for external devices. MEMS hydrogen sensor, optical smoke sensor, and digital temperature sensor form a composite lithium battery thermal runaway feature detector. The early warning unit is based on the early warning algorithm and is used to send an early warning signal when the risk of thermal runaway of the lithium battery is detected.

[0019] Working principle: The monitoring module integrates MEMS hydrogen sensor, optical smoke sensor and digital temperature sensor. During operation, the digital temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the lithium battery in real time. The MEMS hydrogen sensor detects the characteristic gas hydrogen generated when the lithium battery is in thermal runaway. The optical smoke sensor monitors the smoke generated during the thermal runaway of the lithium battery.

[0020] After receiving various data from hydrogen sensors, smoke sensors and temperature sensors, the MCU performs comprehensive calculation and analysis. It judges the data based on pre-set algorithms and thresholds to determine whether the lithium battery has thermal runaway. If the temperature exceeds a certain high temperature value, the hydrogen concentration exceeds the dangerous limit, and smoke is generated, and other abnormal conditions occur simultaneously or successively, the MCU determines that the lithium battery has thermal runaway.

[0021] In terms of data communication, the module uses the characteristics of the ESP32 chip to achieve a variety of communication functions. Through the WiFi hotspot function of the ESP32 chip, a modbus-tcp protocol data interface is provided for external devices. External devices such as mobile phones can connect to this WiFi hotspot to obtain the data collected by the monitoring module and analyze and process it. At the same time, with the help of the ESP32 chip Bluetooth communication to USART interface function, a modbus-rtu protocol data interface can also be provided for external devices, further broadening the data interaction path with external devices, making it convenient for personnel to use different types of devices, such as handheld terminals that support Bluetooth communication, to monitor the battery status. It breaks the traditional wired communication access battery management system mode and realizes data transmission and interaction in a wireless way. Without large-scale transformation of the circuits and communication system hardware and software of existing lithium battery equipment, it can quickly add thermal runaway monitoring function to existing lithium battery equipment, effectively solving the problem of traditional transformation difficulties. In addition, its refined circuit design and compact size enable it to be easily installed in small spaces such as power lithium batteries and energy storage lithium batteries, meeting the requirements of cost and implementation effectiveness.

[0022] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module based on the ESP32 series microcontroller, characterized in that: The wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module is composed of an MCU, a DC / DC power supply circuit, a wireless communication unit, and an early warning unit.

2. The wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module based on the ESP32 series microcontroller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU includes a MEMS hydrogen sensor, an optical smoke sensor and a digital temperature sensor. The MCU monitors abnormal high temperature, characteristic gas and smoke of thermal runaway of the lithium battery through the MEMS hydrogen sensor, the optical smoke sensor and the digital temperature sensor.

3. The wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module based on the ESP32 series microcontroller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wireless communication unit includes ESP32 chip WiFi hotspot and ESP32 chip Bluetooth communication. The ESP32 chip WiFi hotspot function provides a modbus-tcp protocol data interface for external devices, and the ESP32 chip Bluetooth communication conversion USART interface function provides a modbus-rtu protocol data interface for external devices.

4. The wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module based on the ESP32 series microcontroller according to claim 3, characterized in that: MEMS hydrogen sensor, optical smoke sensor and digital temperature sensor form a composite lithium battery thermal runaway characteristic detector.

5. The wireless communication lithium battery thermal runaway monitoring module based on the ESP32 series microcontroller according to claim 4, characterized in that: The early warning unit is used to send an early warning signal based on an early warning algorithm when a risk of thermal runaway of a lithium battery is detected.

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