Data link based digital control instruction issuing device for apron

Abstract

The data link based apron digital control instruction issuing device can solve the problems of low operation efficiency, easy interference, slow instruction transmission speed and easy human error and omission in the traditional apron control instruction issuing which relies on the voice control of the controller during the airport peak period or in bad weather. The device comprises an apron safety early warning system, an apron control instruction construction engine, an instruction time effectiveness evaluation system and an instruction decision issuing system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of civil aviation airspace data processing, and in particular to a digital control instruction issuing device for aprons based on a data link. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of air transport, apron control has gradually become an important means to ensure air transport safety, improve operational efficiency, and increase flight punctuality. Traditional apron control instructions rely on voice communication, which has safety hazards such as slow instruction transmission speed and susceptibility to human error and omissions. Controllers and flight crews need to repeatedly repeat voice instructions, resulting in low operational efficiency and high voice frequency consumption, which cannot meet the ever-increasing demands of airport operations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a digital apron control instruction issuing device based on a data link, which can solve the problems of low operating efficiency, susceptibility to interference, slow instruction transmission speed, and easy human error and omission when traditional apron control instruction is issued by relying on controllers' voice control, during airport peak hours or in bad weather.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a digital apron control instruction issuing device based on data link, which includes: an apron safety early warning system, an apron control instruction construction engine, an instruction timeliness evaluation system, and an instruction decision issuing system;

[0005] The apron safety early warning system identifies and alerts to abnormal airport operations, including data link communication performance warnings; the apron control instruction construction engine receives and constructs various digital control instructions related to apron control; the instruction timeliness assessment system dynamically assesses the reachability of data link-based instruction pushes by combining surface communication performance, the current stage of flight operation, the operational status of surface aircraft, and the immediacy of instructions; the instruction decision-making and release system collects and integrates multi-source heterogeneous digital control instructions, and selects the optimal delivery strategy based on instruction type, immediacy, and urgency, ultimately achieving on-demand delivery of data link-based digital control instructions.

[0006] This invention can solve the problems of low efficiency, susceptibility to interference, slow instruction transmission speed, and easy human error and omission when traditional apron control instructions are issued by relying on controllers' voice control, especially during peak airport periods or in bad weather. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the apron digital control instruction issuing device based on the data link according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0008] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0009] To make the description of this disclosure more detailed and complete, illustrative descriptions of embodiments and specific examples of the present invention are provided below; however, these are not the only forms of implementing or utilizing the specific examples of the present invention. The embodiments cover features of multiple specific examples, as well as the apparatus steps and their sequence for constructing and operating these specific examples. However, other specific examples may also be used to achieve the same or equivalent functions and sequence of steps.

[0010] like Figure 1 As shown, this data link-based digital apron control instruction issuing device includes: an apron safety early warning system, an apron control instruction construction engine, an instruction timeliness assessment system, and an instruction decision issuing system;

[0011] The apron safety early warning system identifies and alerts to abnormal airport operations, including data link communication performance warnings; the apron control instruction construction engine receives and constructs various digital control instructions related to apron control; the instruction timeliness assessment system dynamically assesses the reachability of data link-based instruction pushes by combining surface communication performance, the current stage of flight operation, the operational status of surface aircraft, and the immediacy of instructions; the instruction decision-making and release system collects and integrates multi-source heterogeneous digital control instructions, and selects the optimal delivery strategy based on instruction type, immediacy, and urgency, ultimately achieving on-demand delivery of data link-based digital control instructions.

[0012] This invention can solve the problems of low efficiency, susceptibility to interference, slow instruction transmission speed, and easy human error and omission when traditional apron control instructions are issued by relying on controllers' voice control, especially during peak airport periods or in bad weather.

[0013] Preferably, the apron safety early warning system identifies and alerts on abnormal airport operations, including data link communication performance warnings, and has adaptive perception early warning, manual alarm entry, and communication performance early warning functions. The adaptive perception early warning function automatically generates alarms based on the airport's operational status and surface operation rules, combined with various conflict early warning algorithms; it also supports manual alarm entry. The communication performance early warning function is used to statistically analyze the instantaneous and comparative data link communication status of different areas, times, and aircraft on the surface, and automatically generates alarm information when abnormal situations such as communication failure, interruption, or timeout occur.

[0014] Preferably, the apron control command construction engine realizes the introduction and construction of various digital control commands related to apron control, and constructs surface warning commands, air traffic control commands, and emergency communication commands.

[0015] Preferably, the surface warning instruction construction supports the construction of surface warning instructions for similar flight numbers, inconsistent flight number information, and expected intervals. The construction process includes alarm identification, alarm information extraction, and alarm type filtering. The above alarms are obtained by the apron safety warning system and accessed by the existing air traffic control ground system. The air traffic control instruction construction supports the construction of air traffic control instructions for pre-takeoff clearance, taxiing routes, aborted takeoff, and runway crossing. The construction process includes instruction keyword extraction and control intent extraction. The source is obtained from the existing air traffic control ground system or manually entered. The emergency contact instruction construction function supports the construction of emergency contact instructions for communication failure emergency printing, microphone card checks, and SSR emergency contact instructions. The construction process includes emergency situation identification, emergency status management, and emergency instruction selection. The source is manually entered. After the system completes the instruction construction, it will be transmitted to the instruction decision release system, which will then complete the on-demand delivery based on the safety-type air-to-ground data link.

[0016] Preferably, the instruction timeliness assessment system realizes dynamic assessment of instruction push reachability based on data link by combining surface communication performance, the current operation phase of the flight, the operational status of surface aircraft, and instruction immediacy. It consists of a communication performance assessment module, an operation phase assessment module, a surface status assessment module, an instruction immediacy assessment module, and an instruction push reachability assessment module.

[0017] Preferably, the communication performance evaluation module of the instruction timeliness evaluation system implements data link communication performance evaluation, classifies and indexes according to different conditions such as region, time, aircraft, aircraft type, and communication component version, constructs trend graphs based on instantaneous and year-on-year index datasets, supports statistical analysis of performance indicators such as instruction transmission delay, communication delay, airborne equipment response delay, and instruction sending success rate, and pushes alarms to the apron safety early warning system when the preset threshold is exceeded.

[0018] Preferably, the instruction timeliness assessment system's operational phase assessment module monitors the flight's operational phase, obtains the flight's operational status from the airport's existing system, and supports dynamically extracting support times based on high-definition video streams and other data using image recognition, integrating them with the aforementioned system to assess the flight's current status. It also supports multi-dimensional statistical analysis of the average time consumption for different flight operational phases based on airline, aircraft type, takeoff and landing status, and route, forming an operational phase experience dataset. This dataset dynamically estimates the current operational status and subsequent key node time information, and pushes it to the instruction push delay estimation module.

[0019] Preferably, the instruction timeliness assessment module of the instruction timeliness assessment system relies on the situation assessment module and the crew's experience in handling the situation to assess the maximum delay threshold for each instruction delivered via data link, based on instruction type, urgency, and timeliness. First, the instructions are prioritized from highest to lowest according to type: emergency communication methods, uplink / downlink instructions, flight dynamic information, flight meteorological information, and flight safety information. Second, after semantic extraction of control instructions, the instruction sub-types are further subdivided: emergency communication methods have the highest timeliness and require immediate delivery; among uplink / downlink instructions and flight dynamic information, those related to situational operations have relatively high timeliness and require assessment of their timeliness based on situational deduction from the situation assessment module; for flight safety information and flight meteorological information, the maximum delay threshold should be calculated by combining the relevant information's effective date with the crew's experience in handling the situation. This information needs to be pushed to the instruction decision-making and release system for the data link instruction delivery strategy module to select the optimal delivery strategy.

[0020] Preferably, the instruction delivery reachability assessment module of the instruction timeliness assessment system comprehensively evaluates whether the instruction can be delivered via data link based on the calculation results of the other modules of the system. The maximum redundancy time is obtained by taking the maximum data link delivery delay threshold value evaluated by the instruction immediacy module as the maximum redundancy time. The instruction delivery experience time and crew experience handling time calculated by the communication performance assessment module are removed to obtain the instruction delivery redundancy time based on data link. The redundancy time based on data link is then combined with the current operation stage of the flight calculated by the operation stage assessment module to determine whether the redundancy time based on data link is applicable to the current flight. If applicable, the digital control instruction is delivered to the crew on demand via data link. If not applicable, the corresponding ground control system is immediately fed back, and the controller completes the instruction delivery by voice.

[0021] Preferably, the instruction decision-making and issuing system comprises a multi-source heterogeneous control instruction integration module, a data link instruction delivery strategy module, and an instruction transmission and reception control module. The multi-source heterogeneous control instruction integration module of the instruction decision-making and issuing system realizes the fusion of digital control instructions from multiple users, multiple systems, and multiple sources, as well as the synchronization of instruction status. It adds a unique multi-source instruction index to digital control instructions from different entities and different information systems to distinguish the source of the instructions and assist in subsequent airborne response and on-demand reply of the crew's downlink status. The data link instruction delivery strategy module of the instruction decision-making and issuing system realizes the optimal delivery strategy by combining the immediacy of the instructions, airborne communication performance, and capability assessment.

[0022] This invention utilizes a secure air-to-ground data link to enable on-demand delivery of digital air traffic control instructions on the apron, improving operational efficiency during peak airport periods and compensating for deficiencies in voice control. The device possesses the capability to generate commonly used apron control instructions, including early warnings of surface data link communication performance. It supports the acquisition and fusion of multi-source heterogeneous digital control instructions, dynamically assessing the reachability of data link-based instruction delivery based on factors such as surface communication performance, aircraft operational status, and instruction immediacy. Furthermore, it selects the optimal data link instruction delivery strategy based on instruction characteristics, improving the timeliness, accuracy, and consistency of digital control instruction delivery. This device fully leverages the high transmission speed, strong anti-interference capabilities, and high security of data links, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of apron control instruction transmission, reducing problems such as frequency congestion and human error / oversight inherent in traditional voice control, and enhancing surface operational safety and efficiency.

[0023] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A digital control and control command issuing device for aprons based on a data link, characterized in that: It includes: Apron safety early warning system, apron control instruction construction engine, instruction timeliness assessment system, and instruction decision release system; The apron safety early warning system identifies and alerts to abnormal airport operations, including data link communication performance warnings; the apron control instruction construction engine receives and constructs various digital control instructions related to apron control; and the instruction timeliness assessment system dynamically assesses the reachability of instruction push based on the data link, taking into account surface communication performance, the current stage of flight operation, the operational status of surface aircraft, and the immediacy of instructions. The instruction decision-making and issuance system realizes the collection and fusion processing of multi-source heterogeneous digital control instructions, and selects the optimal delivery strategy based on instruction type, timeliness and urgency, ultimately realizing the on-demand delivery of digital control instructions based on data chain; The instruction timeliness assessment system's instruction immediacy assessment module relies on the situation assessment module and the crew's experience in handling the situation. It assesses the maximum delay threshold for each instruction delivered via data link based on instruction type, urgency, and timeliness. First, instructions are prioritized from highest to lowest according to type: emergency communication methods, uplink / downlink instructions, flight dynamic information, flight meteorological information, and flight safety information. Second, after semantic extraction of control instructions, the system further subdivides the instructions: emergency communication methods have the highest timeliness and require immediate delivery; uplink / downlink instructions and flight dynamic information instructions related to situation operations have relatively high timeliness and require assessment of their immediacy based on situation analysis from the situation assessment module; flight safety information and flight meteorological information should have their maximum delay threshold calculated by considering the relevant information's effective date and the crew's experience in handling the situation. All of this information needs to be pushed to the instruction decision-making and release system for the data link instruction delivery strategy module to select the optimal delivery strategy. The instruction timeliness assessment system's instruction delivery reachability assessment module comprehensively evaluates whether an instruction can be delivered via data link based on the calculation results of other modules in the system. It uses the maximum data link delivery delay threshold value assessed by the instruction immediacy module as the maximum redundancy time. It then removes the instruction delivery experience time and crew experience handling time calculated by the communication performance assessment module to obtain the instruction delivery redundancy time based on the data link. Finally, it combines this redundancy time with the flight's current operational phase calculated by the operational phase assessment module to determine whether the data link delivery redundancy time is applicable to the current flight. If applicable, the digital control instruction is delivered to the crew on demand via data link; if not applicable, the system immediately feeds back to the corresponding ground control system, and the controller delivers the instruction via voice.

2. The data link-based digital control and instruction issuing device for aprons according to claim 1, characterized in that: The apron safety early warning system enables the identification and alarm of abnormal airport operations, including data link communication performance warning, and has adaptive perception warning, manual alarm input, and communication performance warning functions. The adaptive perception and early warning function automatically generates alarms based on the airport's operational status and surface operation rules, combined with various conflict early warning algorithms. It also supports manual entry of alarm information; The communication performance early warning function is used to statistically analyze the instantaneous and periodic data link communication status of different areas, times, and aircraft on the ground. When abnormal situations such as communication failure, interruption, or timeout occur, alarm information is automatically generated.

3. The data link-based digital control command issuing device for aprons according to claim 2, characterized in that: The apron control command construction engine enables the introduction and construction of various digital control commands related to apron control, including surface warning commands, air traffic control commands, and emergency communication commands.

4. The data link-based digital control command issuing device for aprons according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface warning command construction supports the construction of surface warning commands for similar flight numbers, inconsistent flight number information, and expected intervals. The construction process includes alarm identification, alarm information extraction, and alarm type filtering. The alarms are generated by the apron safety warning system and are connected to the existing air traffic control ground system. The air traffic control instruction construction function supports the construction of air traffic control instructions for pre-takeoff clearance, taxiing routes, aborted takeoff, and runway crossings. The construction process includes instruction keyword extraction and control intent extraction, and the source is either derived from the existing ground control system or manually entered. The emergency contact instruction construction function supports the construction of emergency contact instructions for communication failure emergency printing, microphone check, and SSR emergency contact instructions. The construction process includes emergency situation identification, emergency status management, and emergency instruction selection, and the source is manually entered. After the system completes the instruction construction, it will be transmitted to the instruction decision release system, which will then complete the on-demand delivery based on the safety-type air-to-ground data link.

5. The data link-based digital control command issuing device for aprons according to claim 4, characterized in that: The command timeliness assessment system combines surface communication performance, the current operational phase of the flight, the operational status of surface aircraft, and the real-time nature of commands to dynamically assess the reachability of command push based on the data link. It consists of a communication performance assessment module, an operational phase assessment module, a surface status assessment module, a command timeliness assessment module, and a command push reachability assessment module.

6. The data link-based digital control and control instruction issuing device for aprons according to claim 5, characterized in that: The communication performance evaluation module of the instruction timeliness evaluation system realizes data link communication performance evaluation. It classifies and indexes according to different conditions such as region, time, aircraft, aircraft type, and communication component version. It constructs trend graphs based on instantaneous and year-on-year index datasets. It supports statistical analysis of performance indicators such as instruction transmission delay, communication delay, airborne equipment response delay, and instruction sending success rate. When the preset threshold is exceeded, an alarm will be pushed to the apron safety early warning system.

7. The data link-based digital control and control instruction issuing device for aprons according to claim 6, characterized in that: The instruction timeliness assessment system's operational phase assessment module monitors the flight's operational phase. It obtains the flight's operational status from the airport's existing system and supports dynamically extracting support times based on high-definition video stream data using image recognition, integrating this information with the system to assess the flight's current status. It also supports multi-dimensional statistical analysis of the average time consumption for different flight operational phases based on airline, aircraft type, takeoff and landing status, and route, forming an operational phase experience dataset. This dataset dynamically estimates the current operational status and subsequent key node time information, and pushes it to the instruction push delay prediction module.

8. The data link-based digital control command issuing device for aprons according to claim 7, characterized in that: The instruction decision-making and issuing system consists of a multi-source heterogeneous control instruction integration module, a data link instruction delivery strategy module, and an instruction transmission and reception control module. The multi-source heterogeneous control instruction integration module of the instruction decision-making and issuing system realizes the fusion of digital control instructions from multiple users, multiple systems, and multiple sources, as well as the synchronization of instruction status. It adds a unique multi-source instruction index to digital control instructions from different entities and different information systems to distinguish the source of the instruction and assist in subsequent airborne response and on-demand reply of the crew's downlink status. The data link instruction delivery strategy module of the instruction decision-making and issuing system realizes the optimal delivery strategy by combining the immediacy of the instruction, airborne communication performance, and capability assessment.

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