A Luneburg lens antenna and its installation and positioning structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of lens antennas, and discloses a Luneburg lens antenna and its installation and positioning structure. The Luneburg lens antenna includes a lens housing and a Luneburg lens. The Luneburg lens is installed at the open end of the lens housing. The lens housing is rotatably installed on an adjustment plate and can be driven to rotate by a second driver. The adjustment plate can be tilted on a reference plate to change the main beam direction of the lens antenna. The present invention sets up a multi-level adjustment mechanism. For pitch adjustment, the second driver drives the lens housing to rotate around the adjustment plate to directly adjust the pitch angle of the antenna and change the main beam direction. For tilt leveling, three groups of adjustment rods perform tilt leveling on the adjustment plate through a leveling seat to compensate for mechanical installation errors and ensure the accuracy of beam pointing. For height and pitch linkage, the control sensor links the second driver to automatically adjust the pitch angle, that is, to lower when raising and raise when lowering, to maintain the main beam direction within the set range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lens antennas, and particularly relates to a Luneburg lens antenna and its installation and positioning structure. Background Art

[0002] A Luneburg lens is a spherically symmetric dielectric lens with non-uniform refractive index, whose refractive index changes with the radius and can converge the incident plane electromagnetic wave to the focal point on the surface of the dielectric sphere. Conversely, the Luneburg lens can also convert the electromagnetic wave emitted by the feed located at the focal point into a plane wave and radiate it out, thereby realizing a high-gain and narrow-beam antenna. The Luneburg lens antenna has been rapidly developed in the fields of mobile communication, radar monitoring, aerospace, remote sensing, etc.

[0003] The prior art discloses a spotlight-type Luneburg lens antenna for building coverage, with the application number CN202410686998.9, which includes a housing, a lens antenna and a bracket; the housing is a cylindrical part, and a housing cover plate is installed at the open end of the cylindrical part, and a mounting plate is installed at the closed end inside the housing; the lens antenna includes a Luneburg lens, a reflector and a radiation unit; this invention has the characteristics of simple structure, scientific design, light weight and strong signal penetration, and is very suitable for covering buildings. However, the following problems still exist in this solution:

[0004] This solution only supports pitch adjustment and cannot switch to the horizontal swing mode, making it difficult to balance the requirements of vertical building coverage and horizontal wide-area coverage, such as being unable to optimize the signals of high-rise buildings and the ground at the same time; at the same time, after the antenna angle is adjusted by the existing antenna adjustment method, the main direction of the beam shifts and cannot dynamically maintain the coverage range, such as the large fluctuation of the signal reception intensity on different floors of high-rise buildings. Therefore, we need to propose a Luneburg lens antenna and its installation and positioning structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a technical solution, which sets pitch adjustment and horizontal rotation, and at the same time sets the linkage mode of lifting adjustment and pitch adjustment to solve the problems in the prior art mentioned in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A Luneburg lens antenna includes: a lens housing and a Luneburg lens. The Luneburg lens is installed at the open end of the lens housing. The lens housing is rotatably installed on an adjustment plate and can be driven to rotate by a second driver. The adjustment plate is adjustably installed on a reference plate, and the adjustment plate can be tilted on the reference plate to change the main direction of the beam of the lens antenna; both the reference plate and the adjustment plate are provided as frame structures. A first driver is provided at a corner of the reference plate, and the first driver can drive the reference plate to rotate.

[0008] When the reference plate is located at the initial position, the adjustment of the adjustment plate by the second driver is pitch adjustment. When the position of the lens antenna rises, the second driver automatically performs pitch adjustment on the adjustment plate.

[0009] Preferably, three groups of adjustment rods are plugged and installed on the reference plate, a leveling seat is provided on the adjustment plate, and the adjustment rods are movably installed inside the leveling seat. The adjustment plate can be tilted by adjusting the three groups of adjustment rods.

[0010] Preferably, a radiation unit and a reflection unit are provided inside the lens housing, and the reflection unit is installed at the closed end inside the lens housing. The Luneburg lens, the radiation unit and the reflection unit are arranged in sequence along the central axis of the lens housing. The signal is reflected by the reflection unit and is arranged through the signal receiving and sending direction of the radiation unit facing the Luneburg lens.

[0011] The present invention also provides an installation and positioning structure for a Luneburg lens antenna, which is used to install the Luneburg lens antenna, including: a driving rod and a supporting rod, and the Luneburg lens antenna is raised and lowered on the driving rod and the supporting rod; when the position of the lens antenna is raised, the driver adjusts the second pair of adjustment plates downward, and when the position of the lens antenna is lowered, the driver adjusts the second pair of adjustment plates upward.

[0012] Preferably, the driver 1 is installed on the mounting seat, the mounting seat is installed on the sliding seat through the locking seat, the sliding seat is slidably installed on the driving rod and the support rod, the driving rod and the support rod are installed on the base, and the driving rod is provided with a driver 3 that can drive the driving rod to rotate.

[0013] Preferably, specifically, the driving rod can be configured as a driving screw, and the driver three can drive the driving rod to rotate to achieve the lifting and lowering movement of the sliding seat on the driving rod.

[0014] Preferably, a limiting groove is provided on the side of the Luneburg lens which is offset from the main direction of the beam, and a limiting block cooperating with the limiting groove is provided on the inner side wall in the opening direction of the lens housing, and the lens housing is clamped in the limiting groove through the limiting block.

[0015] Preferably, the rotation adjustment range of the pair of reference plates of the driver is 90 degrees, and after the pair of reference plates of the driver are rotationally adjusted by 90 degrees, the pitch adjustment of the second pair of lens housings of the driver is changed to horizontal swing adjustment.

[0016] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: Compared with the prior art, the Luneburg lens antenna and its installation and positioning structure proposed by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0017] The present invention is provided with a multi-stage adjustment mechanism, pitch adjustment, driver 2 drives the lens housing to rotate around the adjustment plate, directly adjusts the pitch angle of the antenna, and changes the main direction of the beam; tilt and leveling, three groups of adjustment rods tilt and level the adjustment plate through a leveling seat, compensate for mechanical installation errors, and ensure the accuracy of beam pointing; height and pitch linkage, when the lens antenna is lifted and lowered through the driving rod and the supporting rod, the control sensor is linked to driver 2 to automatically adjust the pitch angle (raise the pitch down, lower the pitch up), and maintain the main direction of the beam within a set range; reference plate mode switching, when the reference plate is in the initial position, the adjustment of driver 2 is in the pitch mode; when driver 1 drives the reference plate to rotate 90 degrees, the adjustment mode is switched to horizontal swing, and the lateral coverage range is expanded; signal transmission path, after the signal is reflected by the reflection unit, it is emitted by the radiation unit toward the Luneburg lens, and the central axis of the lens housing is aligned to ensure beam focusing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the Luneburg lens antenna of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the Luneburg lens antenna of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the Luneburg lens antenna of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the installation and positioning structure of the Luneburg lens antenna of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of the Luneburg lens antenna installation and positioning structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the installation and positioning structure of the Luneburg lens antenna of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the linkage between height adjustment and pitch adjustment of the Luneburg lens antenna in the present invention.

[0026] In the figure:

[0027] 11. Base; 12. Driving rod; 13. Support rod; 14. Sliding seat; 15. Locking seat; 16. Driver three;

[0028] 21. Mounting base; 22. Driver 1; 23. Reference plate; 24. Adjusting plate; 25. Leveling base; 26. Adjusting rod; 27. Lens housing; 28. Luneburg lens; 29. Radiation unit; 210. Reflection unit; 211. Limit block; 212. Limit groove; 213. Protective housing; 214. Rotating shaft; 215. Driver 2. Detailed implementation manners

[0029] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example embodiments. It should be understood that discussing these embodiments is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the subject matter described herein. The functions and arrangements of the elements discussed can be changed without departing from the scope of protection of the content of this specification. Each example can omit, substitute, or add various processes or components as needed. Additionally, the features described in some examples can also be combined in other examples.

[0030] The invention provides as Figures 1 to 8 shown, a Luneburg lens antenna, comprising:

[0031] A lens housing 27 and a Luneburg lens 28, the Luneburg lens 28 is installed at the open end of the lens housing 27, the lens housing 27 is rotatably installed on the adjusting plate 24 and can be driven to rotate by a driver 2 215, the adjusting plate 24 is adjustably installed on the reference plate 23, and the adjusting plate 24 can be tilted on the reference plate 23 to change the main beam direction of the lens antenna; both the reference plate 23 and the adjusting plate 24 are provided as frame structures, and a driver 1 22 is provided at one corner of the reference plate 23, and the driver 1 22 can drive the reference plate 23 to rotate;

[0032] When the reference plate 23 is in the initial position, the adjustment of the adjusting plate 24 by the driver 2 215 is pitch adjustment. When the position of the lens antenna rises, the driver 2 215 automatically performs pitch adjustment on the adjusting plate 24 so that the main beam direction of the lens antenna is always within a certain range.

[0033] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, three groups of adjusting rods 26 are inserted and installed on the reference plate 23, a leveling base 25 is provided on the adjusting plate 24, and the adjusting rods 26 are movably installed inside the leveling base 25. The adjusting plate 24 can be tilted by adjusting the three groups of adjusting rods 26. Since the adjusting plate 24 is actually installed on the reference plate 23, the adjustment of the adjusting plate 24 is actually a leveling operation relative to the reference plate 23.

[0034] As Figure 3As shown, a radiation unit 29 and a reflection unit 210 are arranged inside the lens housing 27. The reflection unit 210 is installed at the closed end inside the lens housing 27. The Luneburg lens 28, the radiation unit 29 and the reflection unit 210 are arranged in sequence along the central axis of the lens housing 27. The signal is reflected by the reflection unit 210 and is arranged in the signal receiving and transmitting direction of the radiation unit 29 facing the Luneburg lens 28. Specifically, a protective cover shell 213 is arranged outside the lens housing 27 in the circumferential direction of the Luneburg lens 28. The protective cover shell 213 is arranged outside the Luneburg lens 28 to protect the Luneburg lens 28.

[0035] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the present invention also provides an installation and positioning structure of a Luneburg lens antenna, including: a driving rod 12, a supporting rod 13 and a control sensor, the control sensor is used to drive and control multiple drivers separately, and the Luneburg lens antenna is raised and lowered on the driving rod 12 and the supporting rod 13; under the control of the control sensor, when the position of the lens antenna is raised, the driver 215 adjusts the adjustment plate 24 downward, and when the position of the lens antenna is lowered, the driver 215 adjusts the adjustment plate 24 upward, so that the main direction of the beam of the lens antenna is always within a certain range.

[0036] Working principle: multi-level adjustment mechanism, pitch adjustment, driver 215 drives the lens housing 27 to rotate around the adjustment plate 24, directly adjusts the pitch angle of the antenna, and changes the main direction of the beam; tilt leveling, three groups of adjustment rods 26 tilt and level the adjustment plate 24 (relative to the reference plate 23) through the leveling seat 25, compensate for mechanical installation errors, and ensure the accuracy of beam pointing; height-pitch linkage, when the lens antenna is raised and lowered by the driving rod 12 and the supporting rod 13, the control sensor linkage driver 215 automatically adjusts the pitch angle (increases the pitch and lowers the pitch) to maintain the main direction of the beam within the set range; reference plate 23 mode switching, when the reference plate 23 is in the initial position, the adjustment of driver 215 is in pitch mode; when driver 1 22 drives the reference plate 23 to rotate 90 degrees, the adjustment mode is switched to horizontal swing to expand the lateral coverage range; signal transmission path, after the signal is reflected by the reflection unit 210, it is emitted by the radiation unit 29 toward the Luneburg lens 28, and the central axis of the lens housing 27 is aligned to ensure beam focusing.

[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first driver 22 is installed on the mounting base 21. The mounting base 21 is installed on the sliding base 14 through the locking base 15. The sliding base 14 is slidably installed on the driving rod 12 and the support rod 13. The driving rod 12 and the support rod 13 are installed on the base 11. A third driver 16 capable of driving the driving rod 12 to rotate is provided on the driving rod 12. Specifically, the driving rod 12 can be set as a driving screw rod. The third driver 16 can drive the driving rod 12 to rotate to realize the lifting movement of the sliding base 14 on the driving rod 12. For example, the driving rod 12 is set as a double-thread screw rod, and a corresponding threaded sleeve is provided on the sliding base 14 and is threadedly fitted with the driving rod 12. Then, the driving rod 12 can rise or fall under the forward and reverse driving of the third driver 16. As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the output shaft of the first driver 22 is connected to the reference plate 23 through the rotating shaft 214. The rotating shaft 214 serves as the rotation reference shaft for the rotation adjustment of the reference plate 23.

[0038] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, a limiting groove 212 is opened on the side surface of the Luneburg lens 28 offset from the main beam direction. A limiting block 211 cooperating with the limiting groove 212 is provided on the inner side wall of the opening direction of the lens housing 27. Specifically, the lens housing 27 is clamped in the limiting groove 212 through the limiting block 211, thereby positioning the installation of the Luneburg lens 28 and preventing the Luneburg lens 28 from shifting in position during other adjustment operations.

[0039] As Figure 2 and Figure 7 shown, the rotation adjustment range of the first driver 22 for the reference plate 23 is 90 degrees. After the first driver 22 rotates the reference plate 23 by 90 degrees, the pitch adjustment of the second driver 215 for the lens housing 27 becomes a horizontal swing adjustment.

[0040] In summary, the present solution has the following comprehensive effects: multi-level adjustment mechanism: pitch adjustment, the second driver 215 drives the lens housing 27 to rotate around the adjustment plate 24 to directly adjust the pitch angle of the main beam direction; tilt leveling, the three groups of adjustment rods 26 cooperate with the leveling base 25, and the telescopic adjustment of the adjustment rods 26 realizes the tilt leveling of the adjustment plate 24 relative to the reference plate 23 to indirectly correct the beam direction offset; height linkage, the third driver 16 controls the lifting of the sliding base 14 through the driving screw rod, triggers the height sensor to link the second driver 215 to automatically compensate the pitch angle (lower when rising, rise when lowering) to keep the main beam direction stable; horizontal swing, when the reference plate 23 is rotated 90 degrees by the first driver 22, the pitch adjustment switches to the horizontal swing mode to expand the lateral coverage range; dynamic positioning protection; limiting structure, the limiting groove 212 on the side of the Luneburg lens 28 engages with the limiting block 211 of the lens housing 27 to prevent the lens from shifting during adjustment.

[0041] Adaptive beam direction: The height is linked with the pitch. When the antenna is lifted or lowered, the main direction of the beam is automatically compensated to avoid coverage blind spots caused by height changes (such as signal strength differences on different floors in high-rise buildings); multi-dimensional adjustment, with multi-mode coverage in pitch, tilt, and horizontal swing, adapting to complex scenarios (such as densely built urban areas and mountainous terrains); Improved structural reliability: Limit and prevent deviation. The limit slot 212 cooperates with the block to lock the position of the Luneburg lens 28 to ensure beam focusing accuracy; Optimized installation flexibility: The frame-type reference plate 23 and the adjustment plate 24, with a lightweight design to reduce the load and adapt to different installation bases (such as rooftops and towers). The drive screw is lifted to achieve precise height adjustment through the third driver 16 to meet the needs of differential deployment; Mode switching expandability; The 90-degree reference plate 23 rotates to convert pitch adjustment into horizontal swing, supporting wide-area coverage (such as horizontal signal coverage in stadiums and transportation hubs).

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Luneburg lens antenna system, characterized in that, It includes a Luneburg lens antenna and an installation and positioning structure for installing the Luneburg lens antenna; The Luneburg lens antenna includes a lens housing (27) and a Luneburg lens (28). The Luneburg lens (28) is installed at the open end of the lens housing (27). The lens housing (27) is rotatably installed on an adjustment plate (24) and can be driven to rotate by a second driver (215). The adjustment plate (24) is adjustably installed on a reference plate (23). The adjustment plate (24) can be tilted on the reference plate (23) to change the main direction of the beam of the lens antenna. Both the reference plate (23) and the adjustment plate (24) are set as frame structures. A first driver (22) is provided at a corner of the reference plate (23), and the first driver (22) can drive the reference plate (23) to rotate; When the reference plate (23) is in the initial position, the adjustment of the adjustment plate (24) by the second driver (215) is pitch adjustment. When the position of the lens antenna rises, the second driver (215) automatically performs pitch adjustment on the adjustment plate (24); Three adjustment rods (26) are inserted and installed on the reference plate (23). A leveling seat (25) is provided on the adjustment plate (24). The adjustment rods (26) are movably installed inside the leveling seat (25). The adjustment plate (24) can be tilted by adjusting the three adjustment rods (26); A radiation unit (29) and a reflection unit (210) are provided inside the lens housing (27). The reflection unit (210) is installed at the closed end inside the lens housing (27). The Luneburg lens (28), the radiation unit (29), and the reflection unit (210) are arranged in sequence along the central axis of the lens housing (27). The signal is reflected by the reflection unit (210) and the signal transceiver direction of the radiation unit (29) is set facing the Luneburg lens (28); The installation and positioning structure includes a drive rod (12), a support rod (13), and a control sensor. The control sensor is used to drive and control multiple drivers respectively. The Luneburg lens antenna is adjusted up and down on the drive rod (12) and the support rod (13). Under the control of the control sensor, when the position of the lens antenna rises, the second driver (215) performs a downward pitch adjustment on the adjustment plate (24). When the position of the lens antenna drops, the second driver (215) performs an upward pitch adjustment on the adjustment plate (24).

2. The Luneburg lens antenna system according to claim 1, wherein The first driver (22) is installed on a mounting seat (21). The mounting seat (21) is installed on a sliding seat (14) through a locking seat (15). The sliding seat (14) is slidably installed on the drive rod (12) and the support rod (13). The drive rod (12) and the support rod (13) are installed on a base (11). A third driver (16) for driving the drive rod (12) to rotate is provided on the drive rod (12).

3. A Luneburg lens antenna system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive rod (12) can be set as a drive screw, and the third driver (16) can drive the drive rod (12) to rotate to realize the lifting movement of the sliding seat (14) on the drive rod (12).

4. A Luneburg lens antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiting groove (212) is formed on a side surface of the Luneburg lens (28) offset from the main direction of the beam. A limiting block (211) matching with the limiting groove (212) is arranged on the inner side wall of the opening direction of the lens housing (27). The lens housing (27) is clamped in the limiting groove (212) through the limiting block (211).

5. A Luneburg lens antenna system according to claim 1, wherein, The rotation adjustment range of the first driver (22) for the reference plate (23) is 90 degrees. After the first driver (22) rotates and adjusts the reference plate (23) by 90 degrees, the pitch adjustment of the second driver (215) for the lens housing (27) becomes a horizontal swing adjustment.

Images