Efficient equalization method and device for dynamic reconfigurable battery system

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient equalization method and device for a dynamic reconfigurable battery system, and relates to the technical field of battery equalization, and the method comprises the steps: firstly, constructing an RC equivalent circuit of a battery, obtaining the relation between SOC and open-circuit voltage, the ohmic internal resistance of the battery, the polarization internal resistance of the battery and the polarization capacitance of the battery, and solving the impedance loss of the battery; then, the switching loss and the conduction loss of the MOSFET are calculated; and finally, constructing a controllable self-balancing strategy during standing of the battery system and a controllable online balancing strategy during operation of the battery system, thereby improving the consistency and available capacity of the battery system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of battery balancing, and in particular relates to a method and a device for efficiently balancing a dynamically reconfigurable battery system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, battery systems have developed rapidly as an important part of building new power systems. However, the fixed series-parallel structure of traditional battery systems will bring about a "short board effect", leading to problems such as overcharging and overdischarging during system operation, which may lead to safety accidents in serious cases. Therefore, it is necessary to balance the battery system. Balancing can ensure that the charge state of each battery in the system remains consistent, avoid overdischarging or overcharging of some batteries, and improve the overall performance and life of the system.

[0003] Existing battery balancing is mainly divided into balancing topology and battery balancing strategy.

[0004] There are two types of balancing topologies: passive balancing and active balancing. Passive balancing is an energy dissipation balancing method, which has problems such as energy waste, severe resistance temperature rise, and long balancing time. Active balancing achieves energy flow between batteries by adding energy storage devices such as inductors and capacitors, but it also has problems such as complex balancing and inability to balance online.

[0005] In the battery balancing strategy, it is crucial to select the appropriate balancing variable. There are mainly voltage-based and SOC (state of charge)-based battery balancing control strategies. The voltage-based battery balancing control strategy mainly achieves balancing by monitoring the battery voltage. Since voltage is a directly measurable parameter, this strategy has the advantages of convenience, intuitiveness and simplicity, and is therefore widely adopted. However, there are also some limitations: (1) Li-ion batteries have a platform area with small voltage changes during the charging and discharging process, which makes the relationship between the battery charge and voltage insensitive; (2) The terminal voltage of the battery will fluctuate due to the influence of the battery internal resistance and the charging and discharging current, making it difficult to accurately obtain the voltage-based balancing threshold. Compared with the voltage-based balancing strategy, the SOC-based battery balancing control strategy has the advantage of being more stable and can avoid the problem of difficulty in accurately obtaining the voltage balancing threshold due to sudden current fluctuations. However, the measurement of SOC requires complex algorithms and sensor technology, and may be affected by many factors, such as charging and discharging efficiency, temperature and battery aging.

[0006] In the prior art, battery balancing generally uses a single SOC-based or voltage-based battery balancing control strategy to estimate SOC, which has low accuracy and is mostly offline balancing. In addition, the battery heating, switching and other losses are ignored during the balancing process. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A highly efficient balancing method for a dynamically reconfigurable battery system, comprising:

[0009] Step 1, constructing a dynamically reconfigurable battery system;

[0010] Step 2, constructing the RC equivalent circuit of each battery in the dynamic reconfigurable battery system, obtaining the relationship between the SOC and the open circuit voltage, the battery ohmic internal resistance, the battery polarization internal resistance, and the battery polarization capacitance of each battery, and then calculating the impedance loss of each battery;

[0011] Step 3, calculating the switching loss and conduction loss of the MOSFET of the dynamically reconfigurable battery system;

[0012] Step 4: construct a controllable self-balancing strategy for the dynamic reconfigurable battery system when it is at rest and a controllable online balancing strategy for the dynamic reconfigurable battery system during operation, thereby improving the consistency and available capacity of the battery system.

[0013] A dynamic reconfigurable battery system high-efficiency balancing device, comprising:

[0014] System building blocks to build dynamically reconfigurable battery systems;

[0015] The impedance loss calculation module constructs the RC equivalent circuit of each battery in the dynamically reconfigurable battery system, obtains the relationship between the SOC and open circuit voltage, battery ohmic internal resistance, battery polarization internal resistance, and battery polarization capacitance of each battery, and then calculates the impedance loss of each battery;

[0016] Loss calculation module, which calculates the switching loss and conduction loss of the MOSFET of the dynamically reconfigurable battery system;

[0017] The balancing strategy building module constructs a controllable self-balancing strategy for the dynamic reconfigurable battery system when it is at rest and a controllable online balancing strategy for the dynamic reconfigurable battery system during operation, thereby improving the consistency and available capacity of the battery system.

[0018] An electronic device comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the steps of the method for efficient balancing of a dynamically reconfigurable battery system are implemented.

[0019] A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for efficient balancing of a dynamically reconfigurable battery system.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] In terms of battery balancing topology, the dynamic reconfigurable battery system architecture of the present invention connects the battery modules through high-frequency power electronic switching devices. According to the load status and battery module status, the high-frequency power electronic switching devices are classified, reorganized and applied in different time dimensions through regulation to achieve efficient operation of the battery system and optimal energy allocation. Compared with traditional passive balancing and active balancing, the dynamic reconfigurable battery system architecture does not require energy dissipation components and energy storage components, has a simple circuit structure, and can achieve online efficient balancing.

[0022] In terms of battery balancing strategy, the hybrid battery balancing control strategy based on SOC and voltage proposed in the present invention makes full use of the platform characteristics of the battery discharge voltage and SOC, gives full play to the advantages of SOC balancing and voltage balancing, and makes up for the defects of a single balancing variable; it takes into account the constraints of various losses such as switches and battery heating; it can achieve precise control of the working current level of the battery module, that is, it can balance any battery module online according to demand, the balancing current can reach the rated current, and the balancing speed is fast.

[0023] The present invention comprehensively considers the platform characteristics of battery voltage and SOC, and proposes a SOC evaluation method that integrates power integration and voltage, which has higher SOC calculation accuracy than single methods such as SOC-based or voltage-based battery balancing control strategies. Compared with the shortcomings of offline balancing, small current balancing, and low balancing efficiency under traditional topological structures, the dynamic reconfigurable battery system of the present invention can be controlled to self-balance when the battery system is stationary, and can be controlled to balance online during the operation of the battery system. The balancing process takes into account the battery impedance loss and MOSFET loss, and can achieve working current level balancing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is the Thevenin equivalent circuit model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a local diagram of a dynamically reconfigurable battery system;

[0026] Figure 3 The load power supplied by the battery system;

[0027] Figure 4 It is the SOC balancing curve of the dynamically reconfigurable battery system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0029] The present invention proposes an efficient balancing method for a dynamically reconfigurable battery system. First, a dynamically reconfigurable battery system is constructed; second, an RC equivalent circuit of each battery in the dynamically reconfigurable battery system is constructed to obtain the relationship between the SOC and the open circuit voltage, the battery ohmic internal resistance, the battery polarization internal resistance, and the battery polarization capacitance of each battery, and then the impedance loss of each battery is obtained; third, the switching loss and conduction loss of the MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) of the dynamically reconfigurable battery system are calculated; fourth, a controllable self-balancing strategy when the dynamically reconfigurable battery system is at rest and a controllable online balancing strategy during the operation of the dynamically reconfigurable battery system are constructed, thereby improving the consistency and available capacity of the battery system.

[0030] Taking lithium iron phosphate battery as an example, the dynamic reconfigurable battery system efficient balancing method of the present invention includes:

[0031] 1. Build a dynamically reconfigurable battery system.

[0032] A dynamically reconfigurable battery system is provided including m rows and n columns of battery modules, each battery module including a plurality of batteries connected in series, the battery modules in each column are connected in series, and a pair of normally closed MOSFETs with opposite freewheeling diodes are connected in series on each battery module, and a pair of normally open MOSFETs with opposite freewheeling diodes are connected in parallel between battery modules in adjacent columns, and whether the system is charged and discharged and the charging and discharging sequence are controlled by controlling the opening and closing of each MOSFET.

[0033] 2. Construct the RC equivalent circuit of each battery in the dynamically reconfigurable battery system, obtain the relationship between the SOC and open circuit voltage, battery ohmic internal resistance, battery polarization internal resistance, and battery polarization capacitance of each battery, and then calculate the impedance loss of each battery.

[0034] Establish the Thevenin equivalent circuit model of the battery, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0035] The model is composed of an ohmic resistor and an RC network in series. The RC network is used to describe the dynamic characteristics of a polarization resistor and a polarization capacitor in parallel. According to Kirchhoff's law, the model equation can be expressed as:

[0036] (1)

[0037] (2)

[0038] in, is the open circuit voltage, is the terminal voltage, is the polarization voltage, is the battery's ohmic internal resistance, is the battery polarization internal resistance, is the battery polarization capacitance, is the current, For time.

[0039] At room temperature, the lithium iron phosphate battery is charged and discharged to obtain the battery SOC and open circuit voltage, battery ohmic internal resistance, battery polarization internal resistance, and battery polarization capacity measurement data. Then, the polynomial fitting equation of the above parameters and SOC is obtained through polynomial fitting:

[0040] The polynomial fitting equations of open circuit voltage and SOC are as follows:

[0041] (3)

[0042] in, For SOC;

[0043] The polynomial fitting equation of battery ohmic resistance and SOC is as follows:

[0044] (4)

[0045] The polynomial fitting equation of battery polarization internal resistance and SOC is as follows:

[0046] (5)

[0047] The polynomial fitting equation of battery polarization capacitance and SOC is as follows:

[0048] (6)

[0049] The SOC calculation formula based on the power integration method is as follows:

[0050] (7)

[0051] in, It is the charging power or discharging power required for the actual charging and discharging of the battery. The charging power is a negative value and the discharging power is a positive value. is the charge and discharge efficiency (different values ​​for charging and discharging), is the battery capacity, is the charge and discharge step length.

[0052] (8)

[0053] Combining formulas (1)-(6) and considering formula (8), the impedance loss of the battery is obtained as follows:

[0054] (9)

[0055] Formula (7) can be converted to:

[0056] (10)

[0057] Since the voltage value changes significantly at the beginning and end of the discharge of the lithium iron phosphate battery, that is, when the battery SOC is in the range of 0%~10% and 90%~100%, and the voltage value changes slowly and steadily at 10%~90%, the voltage and SOC are combined as the evaluation index of the battery system balance, that is, in the range of 10%-90%, the SOC is calculated by the power-time integral, and in the range of 0%~10% and 90%~100%, the measured open circuit voltage is used as the SOC evaluation index.

[0058] 3. Calculate the switching loss and conduction loss of MOSFET.

[0059] Traditional fixed battery systems are difficult to balance online. The present invention connects a pair of normally closed MOSFETs with opposite freewheeling diodes in series on each battery module, and connects a pair of normally open MOSFETs with opposite freewheeling diodes in parallel between adjacent battery modules to construct a dynamically reconfigurable battery system. By controlling the on / off of the MOSFET, the system can be charged and discharged and the charging and discharging sequence can be controlled.

[0060] MOSFET losses mainly include conduction losses and switching losses.

[0061] ① Conduction loss:

[0062] The conduction loss is mainly caused by the on-resistance of MOSFET, and the calculation formula is:

[0063] (11)

[0064] in, is the on-resistance of the MOSFET, is the duration that the MOSFET is in the on state.

[0065] ② Switching loss:

[0066] Switching loss includes turn-on loss and turn-off loss. Among them, turn-on loss is:

[0067] (12)

[0068] The turn-off loss is:

[0069] (13)

[0070] The switching loss is:

[0071] (14)

[0072] in, is the initial current after opening, is the voltage before turn-on, is the opening time; is the current before shutdown, is the voltage after shutdown, is the off time, is the switching frequency. When the battery is only charging or discharging, the MOSFET does not switch, and the switching loss can be ignored. Only the conduction loss is calculated. Therefore, the total loss of the MOSFET is:

[0073] (15)

[0074] 4. Build a controllable self-balancing strategy when the battery system is at rest and a controllable online balancing strategy when the battery system is running, so as to improve the consistency and available capacity of the battery system.

[0075] When there are n battery clusters in parallel in the dynamically reconfigurable battery system, the SOC of each row of battery modules is sorted. , and calculate the average SOC , and then analyze the balancing methods in different application scenarios.

[0076] The balancing speed of n parallel battery modules is:

[0077] (16)

[0078] in, is the actual SOC of the battery at the end of balancing, To balance the time taken from start to finish, To find the maximum function, To find the minimum function.

[0079] ① Controllable self-balancing strategy when the battery system is at rest:

[0080] For each row of battery modules, when the battery module SOC is greater than When the battery module SOC is less than When the battery module is charged, the series-parallel MOSFET in the charging direction is turned on; when the battery module SOC is equal to Considering the loss during the balancing process, the SOC after balancing is completed must be less than Therefore, the battery module is treated as discharge, and the series-parallel MOSFET in the discharge direction is turned on. As a result, the battery system can be balanced autonomously.

[0081] in, is the calculated average SOC value of the battery after equalization.

[0082] ② Controllable online balancing strategy during battery system operation:

[0083] Set the control method: when there is a discharge demand, discharge in the order of the SOC of the battery module from high to low, and turn on the series-parallel MOSFET in the discharge direction at the same time; when there is a charge demand, charge in the order of the SOC of the battery module from low to high, and turn on the series-parallel MOSFET in the charging direction at the same time; Based on the above control method, the following balance model is constructed:

[0084] Construct a multi-objective function based on SOC and loss:

[0085] (17)

[0086] in, The SOC inconsistency of parallel battery modules. The purpose of constructing the multi-objective function is to make and minimum; among them, , is the number of current accumulation, is the current of the battery pack in row i and column j, Number the i-th row, is the number of the jth column, is the impedance loss of the battery in the i-th row, The number of batteries connected in series in the battery module;

[0087] Equality constraints, and all have the same sign:

[0088] (18)

[0089] Inequality constraints:

[0090] (19)

[0091] (20)

[0092] in, is the total required power, For the power of each battery module, It is the rated power of the battery module.

[0093] Finally, the Pareto optimal solution set is obtained by using the gamultiobj function, and the power allocated to each battery module can be obtained, thereby achieving rapid SOC balancing and online balancing control. Among them, gamultiobj is a multi-objective solution function in MATLAB.

[0094] (3) Example analysis

[0095] like Figure 2 Taking four battery modules as an example, the specific content of the balancing method is introduced. Assuming that the SOC of battery module B11 is 30%, the SOC of B12 is 40%, the SOC of B13 is 50%, and the SOC of B14 is 60%, the average SOC is calculated to be 45%.

[0096] When the battery system is at rest, considering the loss in the balancing process, B11a and B11c are turned on to charge the battery module B11, B12a and B12c are turned on to charge the battery module B12, B13d is turned on to discharge the battery module B13, and B13a and B14d are turned on to discharge the battery module B14 until the SOC of the four battery modules are completely consistent.

[0097] When the battery system is in operation, that is, the system does not stop, such as Figure 3 According to the actual power demand, the battery system can dynamically respond and support. By using formulas (16)-(20) and the gamultiobj function to obtain the Pareto optimal solution set, the balancing effect of the four battery modules can be obtained as follows: Figure 4 At 420s, the four battery modules reached equilibrium, with an SOC of 37.80%, so the equilibrium speed was 22.20% / 420s, and the maximum charge and discharge power of the four battery modules during the equilibrium process was at the kW level.

[0098] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes. The solutions in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in various computer languages, for example, object-oriented programming language Java and interpreted scripting language JavaScript, etc.

[0099] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0100] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture including an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0101] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0102] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0103] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for efficiently balancing a dynamically reconfigurable battery system, characterized in that: include: Step 1, constructing a dynamically reconfigurable battery system; Step 2, constructing the RC equivalent circuit of each battery in the dynamic reconfigurable battery system, obtaining the relationship between the SOC and the open circuit voltage, the battery ohmic internal resistance, the battery polarization internal resistance, and the battery polarization capacitance of each battery, and then calculating the impedance loss of each battery; Step 3, calculating the switching loss and conduction loss of the MOSFET of the dynamically reconfigurable battery system; Step 4: construct a controllable self-balancing strategy for the dynamic reconfigurable battery system when it is at rest and a controllable online balancing strategy for the dynamic reconfigurable battery system during operation, thereby improving the consistency and available capacity of the battery system.

2. The method for efficient balancing of a dynamically reconfigurable battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the dynamically reconfigurable battery system includes m rows and n columns of battery modules, each battery module includes a plurality of batteries connected in series, the battery modules in each column are connected in series, and a pair of normally closed MOSFETs with opposite freewheeling diodes are connected in series on each battery module, and a pair of normally open MOSFETs with opposite freewheeling diodes are connected in parallel between adjacent columns of battery modules. Whether the system is charged and discharged and the order of charge and discharge are controlled by controlling the opening and closing of each MOSFET.

3. The method for efficiently balancing a dynamically reconfigurable battery system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step 2 includes: the RC equivalent circuit is a Thevenin equivalent circuit model; at room temperature, a charge and discharge experiment is performed on the battery to obtain the measurement data of the battery's SOC and open circuit voltage, battery ohmic internal resistance, battery polarization internal resistance, and battery polarization capacitance, and then a polynomial fitting equation of the above parameters and SOC is obtained through polynomial fitting.

4. The method for efficiently balancing a dynamically reconfigurable battery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Thevenin equivalent circuit model is composed of an ohmic resistor and an RC network in series, and is expressed as: （1） （2） in, is the open circuit voltage, is the terminal voltage, is the polarization voltage, is the battery's ohmic internal resistance, is the battery polarization internal resistance, is the battery polarization capacitance, is the current, For time.

5. The method for efficient balancing of a dynamically reconfigurable battery system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The polynomial fitting equations of open circuit voltage and SOC are as follows: （3） Where S is SOC; The polynomial fitting equation of battery ohmic resistance and SOC is as follows: （4） The polynomial fitting equation of battery polarization internal resistance and SOC is as follows: （5） The polynomial fitting equation of battery polarization capacitance and SOC is as follows: （6） The calculation formula of SOC based on the power integration method is as follows: （7） in, It is the charging power or discharging power required for the actual charging and discharging of the battery. The charging power is a negative value and the discharging power is a positive value. is the charge and discharge efficiency (different values ​​for charging and discharging), is the battery capacity, is the charge and discharge step length; （8） Combining formulas (1)-(6), (8), the impedance loss of the battery is obtained as follows: （9） Formula (7) is converted to: （10）。 6. The method for efficient balancing of a dynamically reconfigurable battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the conduction loss of MOSFET is calculated as: （11） in, is the on-resistance of the MOSFET, is the duration of the MOSFET in the on state; The switching loss of MOSFET includes turn-on loss and turn-off loss, where the turn-on loss is: （12） The turn-off loss is: （13） The switching loss is: （14） in, is the initial current after opening, is the voltage before turn-on, is the opening time; is the current before shutdown, is the voltage after shutdown, is the off time, is the switching frequency; when the battery is only charged or discharged, the MOSFET does not switch, the switching loss is ignored, and only the conduction loss is calculated; The total loss of the MOSFET is: （15）。 7. The method for efficient balancing of a dynamically reconfigurable battery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the SOC of each row of battery modules is sorted. , and calculate the average SOC , the balancing speed of n parallel battery modules is: （16） in, is the actual SOC of the battery at the end of balancing, To balance the time taken from start to finish, To find the maximum function, To find the minimum function.

8. The method for efficiently balancing a dynamically reconfigurable battery system according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 4, the controllable self-balancing strategy of the dynamically reconfigurable battery system at rest includes: for each row of battery modules, when the battery module SOC is greater than When the battery module SOC is less than When the battery module is charged, the series-parallel MOSFET in the charging direction is turned on; when the battery module SOC is equal to When the battery module is discharged, the series-parallel MOSFET in the discharge direction is turned on; is the calculated average SOC value of the battery after equalization.

9. The method for efficient balancing of a dynamically reconfigurable battery system according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 4, the controllable online balancing strategy during operation of the dynamically reconfigurable battery system includes setting a control method: when there is a discharge demand, the battery modules are discharged in sequence from high to low SOC, and the series-parallel MOSFETs in the discharge direction are turned on at the same time; when there is a charge demand, the battery modules are charged in sequence from low to high SOC, and the series-parallel MOSFETs in the charging direction are turned on at the same time.

10. The method for efficient balancing of a dynamically reconfigurable battery system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step 4 also includes: constructing the following equilibrium model according to the control method: A balanced model with multiple objective functions based on SOC and loss: （17） in, The SOC inconsistency of parallel battery modules. The purpose of constructing the multi-objective function is to make and minimum; among them, , is the number of current accumulation, is the current of the battery module in the i-th row and j-th column, Number the i-th row, is the number of the jth column, is the impedance loss of the battery in the i-th row, The number of batteries connected in series in the battery module; Equality constraints, and all have the same sign: （18） Inequality constraints: （19） （20） in, is the total required power, For the power of each battery module, is the rated power of the battery module; Finally, the gamultiobj function is used to obtain the Pareto optimal solution set.

11. A dynamic reconfigurable battery system efficient balancing device, characterized in that: include: System building blocks to build dynamically reconfigurable battery systems; The impedance loss calculation module constructs the RC equivalent circuit of each battery in the dynamically reconfigurable battery system, obtains the relationship between the SOC and open circuit voltage, battery ohmic internal resistance, battery polarization internal resistance, and battery polarization capacitance of each battery, and then calculates the impedance loss of each battery; Loss calculation module, which calculates the switching loss and conduction loss of the MOSFET of the dynamically reconfigurable battery system; The balancing strategy building module constructs a controllable self-balancing strategy for the dynamic reconfigurable battery system when it is at rest and a controllable online balancing strategy for the dynamic reconfigurable battery system during operation, thereby improving the consistency and available capacity of the battery system.

12. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the steps of the method for efficient balancing of a dynamically reconfigurable battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 10 are implemented.

13. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for efficient balancing of a dynamically reconfigurable battery system according to any one of claims 1 to 10 are implemented.

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