Adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive spine endoscopic surgery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of surgical instruments, in particular to an adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive spine endoscopic surgery, which comprises a holding rod, two placing cavities are formed in the holding rod, an adjusting structure is arranged in an inner cavity of the rear placing cavity, an inflating structure is arranged in an inner cavity of the front placing cavity, the adjusting structure comprises two motors, and the motors are connected with the two motors. The surface of the motor is fixedly connected with the holding rod, an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with a driving gear, one side of the rear side containing cavity is rotationally connected with a rotating rod, and one end of the rotating rod penetrates to the outer side of the holding rod and is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear. The nerve root retractor has the advantages that adjustability is achieved, the retractor head is convenient to replace, a doctor can adjust the angle of the nerve root retractor according to the actual requirement of an operation through the arranged adjusting structure, the tedious step that the position or angle of the retractor needs to be adjusted multiple times in the operation process is reduced, and the necessity that retractor bodies with different angles are frequently replaced is also avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of surgical instruments, and in particular to an adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery. Background Art

[0002] Surgical instruments are indispensable tools in clinical surgery and play a key role in assisting doctors in performing precise operations and ensuring the smooth progress of the operation. In minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery, the selection and use of surgical instruments are particularly important because this type of surgery requires a high degree of precision and meticulous treatment of neural structures.

[0003] During minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery, doctors usually use an instrument called a nerve retractor. The main function of the nerve retractor is to retract the nerve roots during surgery, providing doctors with a clear, unobstructed surgical field of view, helping doctors to more accurately locate the nerve roots, and then perform precise surgical operations.

[0004] The use of nerve retractors not only improves the accuracy of surgery, but also greatly reduces the pain of patients. In spinal surgery, the treatment of nerve roots is often a difficult point because the nerve roots are surrounded by complex blood vessels and other important tissues. Traditional surgical methods require larger incisions and extensive dissection, which will cause greater trauma and pain to patients. Minimally invasive spinal endoscopic surgery uses small incisions and endoscopic technology, combined with precision instruments such as nerve retractors, to achieve precise treatment of nerve roots, thereby reducing surgical trauma and postoperative recovery time. In addition, the use of nerve retractors also promotes postoperative recovery. Due to the small surgical trauma and high precision, patients can recover faster during the postoperative recovery process and reduce the risk of complications.

[0005] Therefore, surgical instruments play a vital role in minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery. However, most of the nerve root retractors currently available on the market for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery do not have the function of adjustable angle. Doctors cannot adjust the inclination angle of the retractor as needed to better adapt to nerve roots in different positions and directions. This limitation not only increases the difficulty of the operation, but may also cause doctors to be unable to obtain the best surgical field of view when dealing with complex cases. In order to overcome this limitation, doctors need to adjust the position and angle of the retractor multiple times, or directly replace retractors with different angles to adapt to different surgical needs, which not only reduces the efficiency of the operation, but also prolongs the operation time, increases the patient's pain and surgical risks.

[0006] In addition, the hook head of existing nerve root retractors is usually made of hard material rather than an inflatable hose. The hard hook head will generate greater pressure and friction when contacting the nerve root, which not only increases the risk of nerve damage, but also affects the precision and accuracy of the operation. Since the hard material cannot fully adapt to the shape and contour of the nerve root, it is difficult for doctors to completely avoid important nerve structures during surgery, thereby increasing the risk of surgical complications. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide an adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery, which has the advantages of being adjustable and the retractor head being easy to replace, and solves the problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery, comprising: a grip rod, wherein two placement cavities are provided inside the grip rod, the inner cavity of the rear placement cavity is provided with an adjustment structure, and the inner cavity of the front placement cavity is provided with an inflation structure.

[0009] The adjusting structure includes two motors, the surface of the motor is fixedly connected to the grip rod, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to a driving gear, and one side of the rear placement cavity is rotatably connected to a rotating rod, one end of the rotating rod penetrates to the outside of the grip rod and is fixedly connected to a bevel gear 1, the surface of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to a rotating tube, the surface of the rotating tube is rotatably connected to the grip rod, one end of the rotating tube penetrates to the outside of the grip rod and is fixedly connected to a rotating frame, the bevel gear 1 is located in the inner cavity of the rotating frame, the surfaces of the rotating tube and the rotating rod are fixedly connected to a driven gear, the two driving gears are respectively meshed with the two driven gears, the inner cavity of the rotating frame is rotatably connected to a transmission rod, the surface of the transmission rod is fixedly connected to a bevel gear 2, the bevel gear 2 is meshed with the bevel gear 1, the surface of the transmission rod is fixedly connected to the transmission frame, and the bevel gear 2 is located in the inner cavity of the transmission frame.

[0010] The inflatable structure includes an air pump fixedly connected to the grip, a purification tube is penetrated through the inner cavity of the front placement chamber, the input end of the air pump penetrates into the inner cavity of the purification tube, the inner cavity of the purification tube is fixedly connected with a pre-filter layer, a HEPA filter layer and an activated carbon filter layer in sequence from front to back, a baffle is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the front placement chamber, a cavity is formed between the baffle and the grip, the output end of the air pump penetrates into the inner cavity of the cavity, an air supply pipe is penetrated through the surface of the grip, one end of the air supply pipe penetrates into the inner cavity of the cavity, one end of the purification tube is fixedly connected to a fixing block, and the surface of the fixing block is in contact with the grip.

[0011] A connecting rod is fixedly connected to one side of the transmission frame, a mounting rod is penetrated at one end of the connecting rod, a hose hook head is connected to one end of the mounting rod, air passages are provided inside the connecting rod and the mounting rod, the two air passages are connected, one end of the air pipe is penetrated by the connecting rod, one end of the air pipe is connected to the front air passage, and a replacement structure is provided on the surface of the connecting rod.

[0012] The replacement structure includes a limiting ring block fixedly connected to the connecting rod, a reset spring fixedly connected to one side of the limiting ring block, the reset spring is sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod, one end of the limiting ring block is fixedly connected to a movable ring block, the surface of the connecting rod is movably connected with six annularly distributed mounting beads, the inner surface of the movable ring block is provided with grooves matching the mounting beads, and the surface of the mounting rod is provided with mounting grooves matching the mounting beads.

[0013] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two switch buttons are provided on the surface of the grip, the front switch button is electrically connected to the front motor, and the rear switch button is electrically connected to both motors.

[0014] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one side of the two driving gears is fixedly connected to a support rod, and one end of the support rod is rotatably connected to the grip rod.

[0015] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, four plastic buckles distributed in a ring shape are fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing block, and a slot matching the plastic buckles is formed on one side of the gripping rod.

[0016] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the surface of the fixing block, and a dustproof net is provided in the inner cavity of the ventilation holes.

[0017] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, ultraviolet lamp beads are arranged on one side of the front placement cavity, and the ultraviolet lamp beads are located in the inner cavity of the cavity.

[0018] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, three annular positioning rods are fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting rod, and the inner cavity of the connecting rod is provided with a connecting groove matched with the mounting rod and the positioning rod.

[0019] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner cavity of the movable ring block is slidably connected with six guide rods distributed in a ring shape, and one end of the guide rod passes through the outer side of the movable ring block and is fixedly connected to the connecting rod.

[0020] A method for using an adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spine surgery, the method comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: After the user moves the installation rod to the inner cavity of the connecting groove, the user pushes the moving ring block to slide forward. When the moving ring block slides forward, it squeezes the reset spring. When the moving ring block drives the groove to the top of the installation bead, the user continues to move the installation rod. The surface of the installation rod pushes the installation bead into the inner cavity of the groove. When the user cannot continue to move the installation rod to the inner cavity of the connecting groove, the installation groove is located at the bottom of the installation bead. After the user releases the force on the moving ring block, the moving ring block moves backward under the elastic force of the reset spring. When the moving ring block moves backward, it pushes the installation bead to embed into the inner cavity of the installation groove, thereby completing the connection between the installation rod and the hose hook head and the connecting rod;

[0022] Step 2: When the pitch angle needs to be adjusted, the user presses the front switch button to turn on the front motor, and the output shaft of the motor drives the driving gear fixedly connected to the output shaft to rotate, and the driving gear drives the driven gear meshing with it to rotate, and the front driven gear drives the rotating rod to rotate, and the rotating rod drives the bevel gear 2 to rotate through the bevel gear 1, and the bevel gear 2 drives the transmission rod to rotate, and the transmission rod drives the transmission frame and the transmission rod to rotate downward as the axis, and the transmission frame drives the installation rod to rotate downward through the connecting rod, and the installation rod drives the hose hook head to rotate downward. When it rotates to a suitable position, press the front switch button again to turn off the front motor;

[0023] Step 3: When it is necessary to adjust the left and right rotation angles, the user can press the rear switch button to synchronously start the two motors. The rear switch button drives the active gear fixedly connected to its output shaft to rotate, and the active gear drives the driven gear meshing with it to rotate, and the rear driven gear drives the rotating tube to rotate, as described in step 2. At this time, the movement state of the rotating rod and the rotating tube is consistent, which is synchronous rotation. The rotating tube drives the rotating frame to rotate, and the rotating frame drives the bevel gear 2 and the transmission frame to rotate through the transmission rod. The transmission frame drives the mounting rod to rotate through the connecting rod, and the mounting rod drives the hose hook head to rotate. Since the rotating rod drives the bevel gear 1 to rotate, the bevel gear 1 and the transmission rod are in a synchronous rotation state. Therefore, when the rotating tube drives the transmission frame to rotate through the rotating frame and the transmission rod, the left and right angles of the hose hook head are adjusted without changing the pitch angle of the hose hook head.

[0024] Step 4: After adjusting the angle of the hose hook head, the user turns on the air pump. The input end of the air pump draws external air into the inner cavity of the purification tube through the vent hole of the fixed block. The external air passes through the pre-filter layer, HEPA filter layer and activated carbon filter layer for purification in turn. The pre-filter layer captures large particles such as dust and hair, and the HEPA filter layer captures tiny particles in the air, such as bacteria, viruses and dust mites. The activated carbon filter layer adsorbs and decomposes harmful substances in the air. The purified air is introduced into the cavity through the output end of the air pump and transported to the inner cavity of the airway through the air pipe. The gas is transmitted to the inner cavity of the hose hook head through the airway, and then the hose hook head is inflated. When the inflation is completed, turn off the air pump.

[0025] Beneficial effects. The technical solution of the present application has the following technical effects: the present invention has the advantages of being adjustable and easy to replace the hook head. Through the set adjustment structure, the doctor can adjust the angle of the nerve root hook according to the actual needs of the operation, reducing the tedious steps of adjusting the hook position or angle multiple times during the operation, and avoiding the need to frequently replace hooks of different angles, thereby effectively improving the fluency and efficiency of the operation. Through the set replacement structure and inflation structure, the hose hook head can be inflated before use to ensure the stability and accuracy of its shape, so as to better adapt to the complex situations during the operation. The inflation structure not only ensures the stability and reliability of the hook head during the operation, but also fine-tunes the hardness and shape of the hook head by adjusting the inflation amount, so that it better fits the actual contour of the nerve root, further reducing the potential risk of damage to the nerve tissue, and due to the wear of the hose hook head under frequent use and the strict requirements for a sterile environment during surgery, once the hose hook head reaches its service life or needs to be replaced to maintain a sterile state, the doctor can quickly and easily complete the replacement operation through the replacement structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of middle A;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the replacement structure section of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cross-section of the inflatable structure of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure, the meanings of the reference numerals are as follows: 1. grip; 2. adjustment structure; 21. motor; 22. driving gear; 23. rotating rod; 24. bevel gear 1; 25. rotating tube; 26. rotating frame; 27. driven gear; 28. transmission rod; 29. ​​bevel gear 2; 210. transmission frame; 211. switch button; 212. support rod; 3. inflation structure; 31. air pump; 32. purification tube; 33. pre-filter layer; 34. HE PA filter layer; 35, activated carbon filter layer; 36, baffle; 37, air pipe; 38, fixing block; 39, plastic buckle; 310, slot; 311, ultraviolet lamp beads; 4, connecting rod; 5, mounting rod; 6, hose hook head; 7, airway; 8, replacement structure; 81, limiting ring block; 82, reset spring; 83, moving ring block; 84, mounting bead; 85, groove; 86, mounting slot; 87, guide rod; 9, positioning rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are cited and explained in conjunction with the drawings as follows. Various aspects of the present invention are described in this disclosure with reference to the drawings, in which many illustrative embodiments are shown. It should be understood that the various concepts and embodiments introduced above, as well as those described in more detail below, can be implemented in any of many ways. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] As attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 5 As shown: This embodiment provides an adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery, including: a grip rod 1, with two placement cavities opened inside the grip rod 1, the inner cavity of the rear placement cavity is provided with an adjustment structure 2, and the inner cavity of the front placement cavity is provided with an inflation structure 3.

[0035] The adjusting structure 2 includes two motors 21, the surface of the motor 21 is fixedly connected to the handle 1, the output shaft of the motor 21 is fixedly connected to the driving gear 22, and one side of the rear side placement cavity is rotatably connected to a rotating rod 23, one end of the rotating rod 23 penetrates to the outside of the handle 1 and is fixedly connected to a bevel gear 1 24, the surface of the rotating rod 23 is rotatably connected to a rotating tube 25, the surface of the rotating tube 25 is rotatably connected to the handle 1, one end of the rotating tube 25 penetrates to the outside of the handle 1 and is fixedly connected to a rotating frame 26, the bevel gear 1 24 is located in the inner cavity of the rotating frame 26, the surfaces of the rotating tube 25 and the rotating rod 23 are fixedly connected to driven gears 27, the two driving gears 22 are respectively meshed with the two driven gears 27, the inner cavity of the rotating frame 26 is rotatably connected to a transmission rod 28, the surface of the transmission rod 28 is fixedly connected to a bevel gear 29, the bevel gear 29 is meshed with the bevel gear 1 24, the surface of the transmission rod 28 is fixedly connected to a transmission frame 210, and the bevel gear 29 is located in the inner cavity of the transmission frame 210.

[0036] The inflatable structure 3 includes an air pump 31 fixedly connected to the grip 1, a purification tube 32 is provided through the inner cavity of the front placement cavity, the input end of the air pump 31 passes through the inner cavity of the purification tube 32, the inner cavity of the purification tube 32 is fixedly connected with a pre-filter layer 33, a HEPA filter layer 34 and an activated carbon filter layer 35 from front to back, a baffle 36 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the front placement cavity, a cavity is formed between the baffle 36 and the grip 1, the output end of the air pump 31 passes through the inner cavity of the cavity, an air supply tube 37 is provided through the surface of the grip 1, one end of the air supply tube 37 passes through the inner cavity of the cavity, one end of the purification tube 32 is fixedly connected to a fixing block 38, and the surface of the fixing block 38 is in contact with the grip 1.

[0037] A connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the transmission frame 210, and a mounting rod 5 is penetrated at one end of the connecting rod 4, and a hose hook head 6 is connected to one end of the mounting rod 5. Air passages 7 are provided inside the connecting rod 4 and the mounting rod 5, and the two air passages 7 are connected. One end of the air supply pipe 37 is penetrated by the connecting rod 4, and one end of the air supply pipe 37 is connected to the front air passage 7, and a replacement structure 8 is provided on the surface of the connecting rod 4.

[0038] The replacement structure 8 includes a limiting ring block 81 fixedly connected to the connecting rod 4, a return spring 82 is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting ring block 81, and the return spring 82 is sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod 4. One end of the limiting ring block 81 is fixedly connected to a movable ring block 83. The surface of the connecting rod 4 is movably connected with six annularly distributed mounting beads 84. The inner surface of the movable ring block 83 is provided with a groove 85 that is compatible with the mounting beads 84, and the surface of the mounting rod 5 is provided with a mounting groove 86 that is compatible with the mounting beads 84.

[0039] Specifically, two switch buttons 211 are disposed on the surface of the handle 1 , the front switch button 211 is electrically connected to the front motor 21 , and the rear switch button 211 is electrically connected to both motors 21 .

[0040] In this embodiment, the switch button 211 is provided to facilitate the user to control the two motors 21 .

[0041] Specifically, one side of the two driving gears 22 is fixedly connected with a support rod 212 , and one end of the support rod 212 is rotatably connected to the handle 1 .

[0042] In this embodiment, the support rod 212 is provided to support and fix the driving gear 22, thereby ensuring the stability of the driving gear 22 when rotating.

[0043] Specifically, four plastic buckles 39 distributed in an annular shape are fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing block 38 , and a clamping groove 310 matched with the plastic buckles 39 is formed on one side of the handle 1 .

[0044] In this embodiment, the plastic buckle 39 and the card slot 310 are used in combination to facilitate the user to fix the purification tube 32 and the fixing block 38 to the handle 1 , and to facilitate the user to replace the purification tube 32 .

[0045] Specifically, a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the surface of the fixing block 38, and a dustproof net is provided in the inner cavity of the ventilation holes.

[0046] In this embodiment, the vent holes and the dustproof net are used in combination to provide a passage for external air to enter the inner cavity of the purification tube 32 , and to a certain extent, prevent external foreign matter from entering the inner cavity of the purification tube 32 .

[0047] Specifically, an ultraviolet lamp bead 311 is disposed on one side of the front placement cavity, and the ultraviolet lamp bead 311 is located in the inner cavity of the cavity.

[0048] In this embodiment, by setting the ultraviolet lamp beads 311, ultraviolet light is used to catalytically decompose organic matter and bacteria and viruses in the air, thereby further purifying the gas in the cavity.

[0049] Specifically, three annular positioning rods 9 are fixedly connected to the surface of the installation rod 5 , and the inner cavity of the connecting rod 4 is provided with connecting grooves adapted to the installation rod 5 and the positioning rods 9 .

[0050] In this embodiment, by providing the positioning rod 9 and the connecting groove, the contact surface between the mounting rod 5 and the connecting rod 4 can be further enlarged, and the transmission of the force of the connecting rod 4 on the mounting rod 5 is further ensured.

[0051] Specifically, the inner cavity of the movable ring block 83 is slidably connected with six guide rods 87 distributed in a ring shape, and one end of the guide rod 87 passes through the outer side of the movable ring block 83 and is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 4 .

[0052] In this embodiment, the guide rod 87 is provided to guide and limit the moving ring block 83 , thereby further ensuring the moving trajectory of the moving ring block 83 .

[0053] The working principle and use process of the present invention: The method comprises the following steps:

[0054] Step 1: After the user moves the installation rod 5 to the inner cavity of the connecting groove, the user pushes the movable ring block 83 to slide forward. When the movable ring block 83 slides forward, it squeezes the reset spring 82. When the movable ring block 83 drives the groove 85 to be located at the top of the installation bead 84, the user continues to move the installation rod 5. The surface of the installation rod 5 pushes the installation bead 84 into the inner cavity of the groove 85. When the user cannot continue to move the installation rod 5 to the inner cavity of the connecting groove, the installation groove 86 is located at the bottom of the installation bead 84. After the user releases the force on the movable ring block 83, the movable ring block 83 moves backward under the elastic force of the reset spring 82. When the movable ring block 83 moves backward, it pushes the installation bead 84 to embed into the inner cavity of the installation groove 86, thereby completing the connection between the installation rod 5 and the hose hook head 6 and the connecting rod 4;

[0055] Step 2: When the pitch angle needs to be adjusted, the user presses the front switch button 211 to turn on the front motor 21, and the output shaft of the motor 21 drives the driving gear 22 fixedly connected to the output shaft to rotate, and the driving gear 22 drives the driven gear 27 meshing with it to rotate, and the front driven gear 27 drives the rotating rod 23 to rotate, and the rotating rod 23 drives the bevel gear 29 to rotate through the bevel gear 1 24, and the bevel gear 29 drives the transmission rod 28 to rotate, and the transmission rod 28 drives the transmission frame 210 and the transmission rod 28 to rotate downward as the axis, and the transmission frame 210 drives the installation rod 5 to rotate downward through the connecting rod 4, and the installation rod 5 drives the hose hook head 6 to rotate downward. When it rotates to a suitable position, press the front switch button 211 again to turn off the front motor 21;

[0056] Step 3: When the left and right rotation angles need to be adjusted, the user can press the rear switch button 211 to synchronously start the two motors 21. The rear switch button 211 drives the driving gear 22 fixedly connected to its output shaft to rotate, and the driving gear 22 drives the driven gear 27 meshing with it to rotate, and the rear driven gear 27 drives the rotating tube 25 to rotate, as in step 2. At this time, the movement states of the rotating rod 23 and the rotating tube 25 are consistent, which is synchronous rotation. The rotating tube 25 drives the rotating frame 26 to rotate, and the rotating frame 26 rotates through the transmission rod 28 drives the bevel gear 29 and the transmission frame 210 to rotate, the transmission frame 210 drives the installation rod 5 to rotate through the connecting rod 4, and the installation rod 5 drives the hose hook head 6 to rotate. Since the rotating rod 23 drives the bevel gear 1 24 to rotate, the bevel gear 1 24 and the transmission rod 28 are in a synchronous rotation state. Therefore, when the rotating tube 25 drives the transmission frame 210 to rotate through the rotating frame 26 and the transmission rod 28, the left and right angles of the hose hook head 6 are adjusted without changing the elevation angle.

[0057] Step 4: After the angle adjustment of the hose hook head 6 is completed, the user turns on the air pump 31, and the input end of the air pump 31 sucks the external air into the inner cavity of the purification tube 32 through the vent hole of the fixed block 38. The external air is purified in turn through the pre-filter layer 33, the HEPA filter layer 34 and the activated carbon filter layer 35. The pre-filter layer 33 captures large particles such as dust and hair, and the HEPA filter layer 34 captures tiny particles in the air such as bacteria, viruses and dust mites. The activated carbon filter layer 35 adsorbs and decomposes harmful substances in the air. The purified air is introduced into the cavity through the output end of the air pump 31 and transported to the inner cavity of the airway 7 through the air supply pipe 37. The gas is transmitted to the inner cavity of the hose hook head 6 through the airway 7, and then the hose hook head 6 is inflated. When the inflation is completed, the air pump 31 can be turned off.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0059] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. A person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the definition of the claims.

Claims

1. An adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery, comprising: A grip bar (1), characterized in that two placement cavities are provided inside the grip bar (1), the inner cavity of the rear placement cavity is provided with an adjustment structure (2), and the inner cavity of the front placement cavity is provided with an inflation structure (3); The adjustment structure (2) comprises two motors (21), the surface of the motor (21) is fixedly connected to the handle (1), the output shaft of the motor (21) is fixedly connected to a driving gear (22), one side of the rear side placement cavity is rotatably connected to a rotating rod (23), one end of the rotating rod (23) penetrates the outside of the handle (1) and is fixedly connected to a bevel gear 1 (24), the surface of the rotating rod (23) is rotatably connected to a rotating tube (25), the surface of the rotating tube (25) is rotatably connected to the handle (1), one end of the rotating tube (25) penetrates the outside of the handle (1) and is fixedly connected to a rotating frame (26) ), the bevel gear 1 (24) is located in the inner cavity of the rotating frame (26), the surfaces of the rotating tube (25) and the rotating rod (23) are fixedly connected with a driven gear (27), the two driving gears (22) are respectively meshed with the two driven gears (27), the inner cavity of the rotating frame (26) is rotatably connected with a transmission rod (28), the surface of the transmission rod (28) is fixedly connected with a bevel gear 2 (29), the bevel gear 2 (29) is meshed with the bevel gear 1 (24), the surface of the transmission rod (28) is fixedly connected with a transmission frame (210), and the bevel gear 2 (29) is located in the inner cavity of the transmission frame (210); The inflatable structure (3) comprises an air pump (31) fixedly connected to the grip (1); a purification tube (32) is provided through the inner cavity of the front placement chamber; the input end of the air pump (31) is extended into the inner cavity of the purification tube (32); the inner cavity of the purification tube (32) is fixedly connected with a pre-filter layer (33), a HEPA filter layer (34) and an activated carbon filter layer (35) in sequence from front to back; a baffle (36) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the front placement chamber; a cavity is formed between the baffle (36) and the grip (1); the output end of the air pump (31) is extended into the inner cavity of the cavity; an air supply tube (37) is provided through the surface of the grip (1); one end of the air supply tube (37) is extended into the inner cavity of the cavity; one end of the purification tube (32) is fixedly connected with a fixing block (38); the surface of the fixing block (38) is in contact with the grip (1); A connecting rod (4) is fixedly connected to one side of the transmission frame (210); a mounting rod (5) is provided through one end of the connecting rod (4); one end of the mounting rod (5) is connected to a hose hook head (6); air passages (7) are provided inside the connecting rod (4) and the mounting rod (5); the two air passages (7) are connected; one end of the air supply pipe (37) is provided through the connecting rod (4); one end of the air supply pipe (37) is connected to the front air passage (7); and a replacement structure (8) is provided on the surface of the connecting rod (4); The replacement structure (8) comprises a limit ring block (81) fixedly connected to the connecting rod (4); a return spring (82) is fixedly connected to one side of the limit ring block (81); the return spring (82) is sleeved on the surface of the connecting rod (4); one end of the limit ring block (81) is fixedly connected to a movable ring block (83); the surface of the connecting rod (4) is movably connected to six mounting beads (84) distributed in an annular shape; the inner surface of the movable ring block (83) is provided with a groove (85) matched with the mounting beads (84); and the surface of the mounting rod (5) is provided with a mounting groove (86) matched with the mounting beads (84).

2. The adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two switch buttons (211) are arranged on the surface of the handle (1); the front switch button (211) is electrically connected to the front motor (21), and the rear switch button (211) is electrically connected to both motors (21).

3. The adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of each of the two driving gears (22) is fixedly connected to a support rod (212), and one end of the support rod (212) is rotatably connected to the handle bar (1).

4. The adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four plastic buckles (39) distributed in an annular shape are fixedly connected to the surface of the fixing block (38), and a clamping groove (310) adapted to the plastic buckle (39) is provided on one side of the gripping rod (1).

5. The adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the surface of the fixing block (38), and a dustproof net is provided in the inner cavity of the ventilation holes.

6. The adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ultraviolet lamp bead (311) is arranged on one side of the front placement cavity, and the ultraviolet lamp bead (311) is located in the inner cavity of the cavity.

7. The adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: Three annular positioning rods (9) are fixedly connected to the surface of the mounting rod (5), and the inner cavity of the connecting rod (4) is provided with a connecting groove that is compatible with the mounting rod (5) and the positioning rod (9).

8. The adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner cavity of the movable ring block (83) is slidably connected to six guide rods (87) distributed in a ring shape, and one end of the guide rod (87) penetrates to the outside of the movable ring block (83) and is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (4).

9. The adjustable nerve root retractor for minimally invasive endoscopic spinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: After the user moves the mounting rod (5) to the inner cavity of the connecting groove, the user pushes the movable ring block (83) to slide forward. When the movable ring block (83) slides forward, it squeezes the return spring (82). When the movable ring block (83) drives the groove (85) to the top of the mounting bead (84), the user continues to move the mounting rod (5). The surface of the mounting rod (5) pushes the mounting bead (84) into the inner cavity of the groove (85). When the user cannot continue to move the mounting rod (5) to the inner cavity of the connecting groove, the mounting groove (86) is located at the bottom of the mounting bead (84). After the user releases the force on the movable ring block (83), the movable ring block (83) moves backward under the elastic force of the return spring (82). When the movable ring block (83) moves backward, it pushes the mounting bead (84) to embed into the inner cavity of the mounting groove (86), thereby completing the connection between the mounting rod (5) and the hose hook head (6) and the connecting rod (4); Step 2: When the pitch angle needs to be adjusted, the user presses the front switch button (211) to turn on the front motor (21), and the output shaft of the motor (21) drives the driving gear (22) fixedly connected to the output shaft to rotate, and the driving gear (22) drives the driven gear (27) meshing with it to rotate, and the front driven gear (27) drives the rotating rod (23) to rotate, and the rotating rod (23) drives the bevel gear (29) to rotate through the bevel gear (24), and the bevel gear (29) drives the transmission rod (28) to rotate, and the transmission rod (28) drives the transmission frame (210) and the transmission rod (28) to rotate downwardly with the axis as the axis, and the transmission frame (210) drives the installation rod (5) to rotate downwardly through the connecting rod (4), and the installation rod (5) drives the hose hook head (6) to rotate downwardly. When it rotates to a suitable position, the front switch button (211) is pressed again to turn off the front motor (21); Step 3: When the left and right rotation angles need to be adjusted, the user can press the rear switch button (211) to synchronously start the two motors (21). The rear switch button (211) drives the driving gear (22) fixedly connected to its output shaft to rotate, and the driving gear (22) drives the driven gear (27) meshing with it to rotate. The rear driven gear (27) drives the rotating tube (25) to rotate. As described in step 2, the movement states of the rotating rod (23) and the rotating tube (25) are consistent, and they rotate synchronously. The rotating tube (25) drives the rotating frame (26) to rotate, and the rotating frame (26) is driven by the transmission rod (28). The bevel gear 2 (29) and the transmission frame (210) are driven to rotate. The transmission frame (210) drives the mounting rod (5) to rotate through the connecting rod (4). The mounting rod (5) drives the hose hook head (6) to rotate. Since the rotating rod (23) drives the bevel gear 1 (24) to rotate, the bevel gear 1 (24) and the transmission rod (28) are in a synchronous rotation state. Therefore, when the rotating tube (25) drives the transmission frame (210) to rotate through the rotating frame (26) and the transmission rod (28), the left and right angles of the hose hook head (6) are adjusted without changing the elevation angle. Step 4: After the angle of the hose hook head (6) is adjusted, the user turns on the air pump (31). The input end of the air pump (31) draws external air into the inner cavity of the purification tube (32) through the vent hole of the fixed block (38). The external air passes through the pre-filter layer (33), the HEPA filter layer (34) and the activated carbon filter layer (35) for purification in sequence. The pre-filter layer (33) captures large particles such as dust and hair. The HEPA filter layer (34) captures tiny particles in the air such as bacteria, viruses and dust mites. The activated carbon filter layer (35) adsorbs and decomposes harmful substances in the air. The purified air is introduced into the cavity through the output end of the air pump (31) and transported to the inner cavity of the airway (7) through the air pipe (37). The gas is transmitted to the inner cavity of the hose hook head (6) through the airway (7), and then the hose hook head (6) is inflated. When the inflation is completed, the air pump (31) is turned off.

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