ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of catalytic cracking catalyst technology, and discloses a ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan. The catalyst is composed of the following components: ZMQ-1 molecular sieve, metal ion modifier, composite mesoporous molecular sieve material, and carbon deposition inhibitor. The ZMQ-1 molecular sieve is synthesized via a hydrothermal method and possesses excellent pore structure. The metal ion modifier is loaded onto the surface of the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve via impregnation to enhance catalytic activity. The composite mesoporous molecular sieve material is composited with the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve via a sol-gel method to improve the pore structure and enhance catalyst stability. The carbon deposition inhibitor effectively reduces carbon deposition. The catalyst of this invention exhibits excellent catalytic performance during catalytic cracking, significantly improving cracking conversion, reducing carbon deposition, and extending catalyst lifespan. It can be widely applied in catalytic cracking reactions in the petrochemical and energy sectors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of catalytic cracking catalyst technology, specifically to a ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan. Background Technology

[0002] Catalytic cracking technology is widely used in the petrochemical industry to convert heavy oil into light oil and other high-value chemicals. However, catalyst coking remains a key factor affecting its efficiency and lifespan during catalytic cracking. Coking not only leads to loss of catalyst activity but also causes coking, thus accelerating catalyst failure. This problem severely restricts the stability and economics of the catalytic cracking process. Therefore, developing a catalyst that can effectively slow down coking formation and extend catalyst lifespan has become an urgent need for the development of catalytic cracking technology.

[0003] Currently, commonly used catalytic cracking catalysts on the market are generally composed of acidic supports such as ZSM-5 and Y-type molecular sieves. Although these catalysts can provide high catalytic activity, the problem of carbon deposition is still difficult to avoid. Traditional methods to improve catalyst performance by adjusting the support, metal modification, or adding anti-carbon deposition agents can alleviate the carbon deposition problem to some extent, but they still have certain limitations. For example, some metal modifications may lead to changes in the active sites on the catalyst surface, thus affecting the catalytic effect, or the use of anti-carbon deposition agents often requires matching with specific reaction conditions, resulting in a relatively narrow range of applicability.

[0004] To address these issues, researchers have begun exploring novel molecular sieve materials or composite catalyst systems, such as the introduction of mesoporous molecular sieves, aiming to improve catalyst stability and reduce carbon deposition by optimizing the catalyst's pore structure. However, traditional mesoporous molecular sieve materials often suffer from drawbacks in catalytic cracking, such as unstable pore structure and poor mechanical strength. Furthermore, their combination with traditional molecular sieves rarely achieves the desired catalytic activity and carbon deposition inhibition.

[0005] Therefore, how to achieve efficient carbon deposition inhibition in catalysts while extending their service life is an important issue that urgently needs to be addressed in the field of catalytic cracking. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan, solving the problems of excessive carbon deposition and rapid catalyst failure in existing catalytic cracking catalysts during the reaction process.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan, wherein the catalyst is composed of the following components:

[0008] ZMQ-1 molecular sieve;

[0009] Metal ion modifiers, and their content is 0.5%-5%;

[0010] A composite mesoporous molecular sieve material, wherein the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material is MCM-41, SBA-15 or a combination of both, and the mass ratio of the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material to ZMQ-1 molecular sieve is 1:0.5-2.

[0011] Carbon deposit inhibitor, wherein the carbon deposit inhibitor is a calcium, magnesium or potassium metal salt, and its content is 0.1%-2%.

[0012] Preferably, the specific surface area of ​​the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve is 600-800 m². 2 / g, specific pore volume is 0.3-0.4cm³ 3 / g, with a pore size distribution of 2-5nm.

[0013] Preferably, the metal ion modifier is nickel, and the nickel content is 1%-3%.

[0014] Preferably, the metal ion modifier is molybdenum, and the molybdenum content is 1%-3%.

[0015] Preferably, the metal ion modifier is platinum, and the platinum content is 0.5%-2%.

[0016] Preferably, the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material is MCM-41, and the mass ratio of ZMQ-1 to MCM-41 is 1:1.

[0017] Preferably, the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material is SBA-15, and the mass ratio of ZMQ-1 to SBA-15 is 1:1.

[0018] Preferably, the carbon deposit inhibitor is a calcium metal salt, and the content of the calcium metal salt is 0.5%-1%.

[0019] This invention also provides a method for synthesizing a ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan, comprising the following steps:

[0020] ZMQ-1 molecular sieve was synthesized using a hydrothermal method;

[0021] Nickel, molybdenum or platinum metal ions are loaded onto the surface of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve using a metal ion impregnation method.

[0022] The MCM-41 or SBA-15 mesoporous molecular sieve material was composited with ZMQ-1 molecular sieve using the sol-gel method;

[0023] Carbon deposit inhibitors such as calcium, magnesium, or potassium are added to the synthesis catalyst and activated.

[0024] Preferably, the impregnation temperature of the metal ions is 100℃-150℃, and the impregnation time is 4-8 hours; the temperature of the composite mesoporous molecular sieve is 120℃-180℃, and the reaction time is 24-48 hours; the amount of carbon deposit inhibitor added is 0.1%-2%, the activation treatment temperature is 300℃-500℃, and the treatment time is 2-4 hours.

[0025] This invention provides a ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan. It possesses the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The catalyst of this invention significantly improves its pore structure and specific surface area by combining a composite mesoporous molecular sieve material (such as MCM-41 or SBA-15) with a ZMQ-1 molecular sieve. This composite structure effectively enhances the catalyst's adsorption capacity and dispersibility, helping to reduce carbon deposition during catalytic cracking. Simultaneously, the porous nature of the composite material effectively adsorbs and isolates carbonaceous substances generated during the reaction, further inhibiting carbon buildup, slowing catalyst deactivation, and significantly improving the long-term stability of the catalyst.

[0027] 2. This invention enhances the active sites of the catalyst and significantly improves the catalytic activity of the catalytic cracking reaction by modifying the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve with metal ions (such as supporting metals like platinum, nickel, and molybdenum). Metal ion modification optimizes the catalytic reaction pathway, improves reaction efficiency, and thus increases catalytic conversion. In particular, the introduction of composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials further improves the pore structure of the catalyst, providing more reaction sites and better reaction space for the reactants, thus promoting the smooth progress of the cracking reaction.

[0028] 3. The composite mesoporous molecular sieve material of this invention possesses a high specific surface area and good thermal stability, enabling the catalyst of this invention to maintain good structural stability under high-temperature catalytic cracking reaction conditions. The composite material can effectively prevent physical deformation, pore blockage, and metal particle aggregation of the catalyst during use, thereby improving the stability and durability of the catalyst and extending its service life.

[0029] 4. This invention effectively inhibits carbon deposition by adding carbon deposit inhibitors (such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, and other metal salts) to the catalyst, preventing carbon buildup on the catalyst surface and blockage of metal active sites. This design effectively reduces catalyst poisoning, avoids rapid degradation of catalyst performance, and ensures the stability and high efficiency of the catalyst during long-term use. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] This invention provides a ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan. The catalyst is composed of the following main components:

[0032] ZMQ-1 molecular sieve, metal ion modifiers, composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials, and carbon deposition inhibitors.

[0033] The catalyst is designed based on the excellent catalytic performance of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve, and its structure and composition are further optimized to enhance catalytic activity in catalytic cracking reactions, inhibit coking formation, and extend catalyst lifespan. The various components work synergistically to form a catalytic system with high-efficiency cracking performance, excellent coking inhibition, and a long lifespan. Each component is described in detail below.

[0034] ZMQ-1 molecular sieve

[0035] In this embodiment, ZMQ-1 molecular sieve, as the core component of the catalytic cracking catalyst, is synthesized using a special method. It has a unique mesoporous structure and chemical properties, which can effectively improve the catalytic performance in the catalytic cracking reaction, delay catalyst deactivation, and reduce carbon deposition.

[0036] Specifically, ZMQ-1 molecular sieve is a type of molecular sieve with a unique intrinsic mesoporous structure, possessing a large specific surface area and high pore volume, which can effectively provide reaction sites required for catalytic reactions. By adjusting its synthesis conditions, such as silicon source, aluminum source, template agent, and synthesis temperature, the pore size distribution, crystal structure, and surface acidity of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve can be precisely controlled. This structural feature gives ZMQ-1 molecular sieve higher catalytic activity and a longer catalytic lifetime in catalytic cracking reactions.

[0037] It should be noted that in the preparation of ZMQ-1 molecular sieves, aluminosilicates are typically used as precursors, and certain surfactants or template agents are employed to obtain ZMQ-1 molecular sieves via hydrothermal synthesis. Depending on the specific synthesis conditions, its pore size can be controlled within the range of 2-10 nanometers, thereby giving it a strong molecular sieve effect. This allows it to selectively adsorb and catalytically crack specific hydrocarbon molecules, thus improving the efficiency of catalytic cracking and the selectivity of the products.

[0038] Alternatively, the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve may contain a certain amount of aluminum source. By adjusting the content of the aluminum source, the number and intensity of its acidic sites can be controlled. In some embodiments, the proportion of the aluminum source can be controlled within the range of 0.1-2 wt% to optimize catalytic performance and carbon deposition. In this way, the distribution of acidic sites in the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve is optimized, thereby improving the selectivity and reaction rate of the catalytic cracking reaction.

[0039] In one possible approach, auxiliary metal elements, such as molybdenum and titanium oxides, can be appropriately added during the synthesis of ZMQ-1 molecular sieves to further improve the efficiency of catalytic cracking. These metal elements, through synergistic effects with the framework structure of ZMQ-1 molecular sieves, can enhance the active sites of the catalyst and improve its cracking activity for hydrocarbon molecules.

[0040] Specifically, the structural characteristics of ZMQ-1 molecular sieves not only provide a large number of pores and reaction sites, but also improve the mass transfer of reactants and slow down carbon deposition through the morphology regulation of its channels. This optimization of channel structure can effectively control carbon formation in catalytic cracking reactions and delay the rate of catalyst deactivation, thereby improving catalyst lifetime.

[0041] In some embodiments, the specific surface area of ​​ZMQ-1 molecular sieve can be controlled between 200-800 m². 2 / g, pore volume can be controlled within 0.3-1.2cm³. 3 / g. By optimizing the pore size distribution, the pore size of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve can be set between 2-5 nanometers, which can effectively adsorb reactant molecules while maintaining high catalytic activity.

[0042] Understandably, ZMQ-1 molecular sieves, through their unique mesoporous structure, provide abundant surface acidic sites and pore channels during catalytic cracking, allowing reactants to be uniformly distributed and fully contacted within the pores, thereby improving the efficiency of the cracking reaction. In this process, the pores of ZMQ-1 molecular sieves not only facilitate the rapid desorption of cracking products but also effectively inhibit the aggregation and deposition of carbon deposits generated during the reaction, thus reducing catalyst coking and slagging.

[0043] Furthermore, the stability of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve is also an important aspect of its catalytic performance. In some embodiments, ZMQ-1 molecular sieve exhibits good thermal stability and anti-aging ability under high temperature and acidic environments. During use, ZMQ-1 molecular sieve can maintain stability for a long time under the high temperature conditions of catalytic cracking reactions without severe structural disintegration or loss of acidic sites. Therefore, ZMQ-1 molecular sieve, as a catalytic cracking catalyst, not only has high catalytic activity but also maintains a long service life.

[0044] In summary, the core role of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve in the catalytic cracking catalyst of this invention lies in the regulation of its unique mesoporous structure and acidic sites. Through precise control of pore size, specific surface area, pore volume, and acidic sites during the synthesis process, ZMQ-1 molecular sieve can effectively improve catalytic activity and reduce carbon deposition during catalytic cracking, thereby extending the catalyst's lifespan.

[0045] Metal ion modifiers

[0046] In this embodiment, the metal ion modifier is an important component of the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst. Its main function is to enhance the catalyst activity, reduce carbon deposition, and effectively extend the catalyst's lifespan by modifying the acidic sites and surface structure of the molecular sieve with metal ions. The metal ion modifier is usually a certain transition metal or its compound, and its content is controlled within the range of 0.5%-5%.

[0047] Specifically, metal ion modifiers can be selected from metals such as molybdenum, titanium, aluminum, cobalt, and nickel, as well as their oxides, and used as modifying components in the catalyst. By introducing these metal ions, the distribution and activity of acidic sites in the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve can be adjusted, thereby inhibiting the formation of carbon deposits and enhancing catalyst activity during catalytic cracking.

[0048] It should be noted that the choice of metal ion modifier has a significant impact on catalyst performance. For example, molybdenum ions (Mo...) 2+ ) or titanium ions (Ti 4+ As a modifier, it can effectively change the strength and distribution of acidic sites in the molecular sieve, further optimizing the selectivity and cracking activity of the catalytic reaction. In some embodiments, by adding a molybdenum source (such as ammonium molybdate) or a titanium source (such as tetrabutyl titanate) during the synthesis of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve, the acidic sites of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve can be made more uniform, and the stability of its intermediates can be increased, thereby effectively slowing down the deposition of carbon deposits.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the content of metal ion modifiers can be controlled within the range of 0.5%-5%, specifically, the mass ratio of metal ion modifiers is 0.5%-2%. This ratio helps to improve catalytic activity and reduce carbon deposition without significantly altering the original structure of the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve. By adjusting this ratio, it is possible to ensure that the catalyst maintains high reactivity during catalytic cracking while avoiding catalyst deactivation caused by excessive metal ions.

[0050] For example, using molybdenum ions as a metal ion modifier can promote hydrogen transfer and olefin cracking in cracking reactions through their redox properties, thereby improving the quality and yield of cracking products. The insertion of molybdenum ions into the molecular sieve framework not only enhances acidic sites but also improves the catalytic effect through its high redox activity.

[0051] In some embodiments, the modification effect of metal ion modifiers is also related to their chemical form. For example, molybdenum ions may exist in the form of molybdenum oxide, combining with surface oxygen atoms of the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve to form strong acidic sites. Titanium ions, on the other hand, may exist in the form of TiO2, further increasing the density of acidic sites on the molecular sieve surface. These metal ions, by forming complexes with the molecular sieve surface, not only regulate the acidity of the molecular sieve but also improve its adsorption of hydrocarbon molecules, thereby enhancing the selectivity and efficiency of catalytic cracking.

[0052] Understandably, the presence of metal ion modifiers plays a crucial role in suppressing coking during catalytic cracking. Metal ions alter the adsorption and cracking behavior of reactants on the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve by affecting its acidity distribution, thereby reducing the formation of polymers and coke deposits in the cracking products. In catalytic cracking, coke deposition leads to the blockage of active sites on the catalyst, resulting in catalyst deactivation. The introduction of metal ion modifiers effectively delays this process, extending the catalyst's lifespan.

[0053] In some specific embodiments, the modification effect of metal ion modifiers is also related to the thermal stability of the catalyst. Metal ions such as molybdenum and titanium possess high thermal stability, effectively improving the catalyst's resistance to aging at high temperatures and thus preventing performance degradation. This thermal stability is closely related to the strong bond formed by metal ions on the molecular sieve surface; therefore, the addition of metal ions not only improves catalytic activity but also enhances the long-term stability of the catalyst.

[0054] Alternatively, metal ion modification can be achieved using techniques such as impregnation, co-precipitation, or co-gelation to uniformly introduce metal ions into the framework structure of the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve. In the impregnation method, the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve is immersed in a solution containing metal ions, allowing the ions to permeate into the pores of the sieve, thus achieving the modification effect. By controlling the concentration of the metal ions and the modification time, their distribution and concentration within the molecular sieve can be adjusted.

[0055] In summary, the addition of metal ion modifiers significantly improves the performance of catalytic cracking catalysts. By rationally selecting the types of metal ions, controlling their concentration, and optimizing the modification methods, the activity of the catalyst can be significantly improved, the formation of carbon deposits can be reduced, and the catalyst's lifespan can be extended.

[0056] Composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials

[0057] In this embodiment, the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material is a key component in the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst. Its main function is to optimize the pore structure of the catalyst, increase the surface area and pore volume of the catalyst, thereby improving the selectivity, stability and efficiency of the catalytic reaction. The composite mesoporous molecular sieve material includes MCM-41, SBA-15 or a combination of both, with a mass ratio of 1:0.5-2 in the catalyst.

[0058] Specifically, the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material can be composed of two materials, MCM-41 and SBA-15, which have a highly ordered pore structure and a large specific surface area, effectively increasing the density of active sites in the catalyst and thus enhancing the activity of the catalytic cracking reaction. Both MCM-41 and SBA-15 materials have regular pore structures with pore sizes generally ranging from 2 to 10 nm, and the pore distribution is relatively uniform, enabling effective adsorption and transport of reactant and product molecules.

[0059] In some embodiments, MCM-41 is a material with a highly ordered mesoporous structure, whose pores are composed of silicon-oxygen tetrahedral units, exhibiting hexagonal or cubic symmetry. This structure can provide a large specific surface area and high pore volume, enabling the catalyst to have better reactant adsorption capacity and reactant diffusion capacity on the catalyst surface during catalytic cracking.

[0060] SBA-15 is another widely used mesoporous material with a large pore size range (typically between 5-30 nm) and high thermal stability. Specifically, in catalytic cracking reactions, SBA-15 can effectively reduce the accumulation of reactant molecules and the deposition of carbon deposits through its large pore volume, thereby improving the activity and lifespan of the catalyst.

[0061] In one possible implementation, the mass ratio of MCM-41 to SBA-15 is 1:0.5-2. This ratio helps to optimize catalyst performance by rationally controlling the pore size distribution. At this ratio, MCM-41 primarily provides an ordered mesoporous structure with smaller pore sizes, helping to improve the adsorption performance of reactants on the catalyst surface; while SBA-15 mainly provides a larger pore volume, facilitating rapid diffusion of reactants and reducing carbon deposition.

[0062] It should be noted that the selection of composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials is closely related to the optimization of catalytic cracking reactions. By adjusting the mass ratio of MCM-41 and SBA-15, a balanced distribution of pores can be achieved in the catalyst to meet the needs of different molecular sizes and reactants. This structural regulation can effectively reduce the tendency of intermediate products to form carbon during catalytic cracking and reduce the blocking effect of carbon deposits on the active sites of the catalyst, thereby extending the catalyst's lifespan.

[0063] In some embodiments, the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material can be prepared using a co-sol method or a mixed sol method. These methods ensure uniform dispersion between MCM-41 and SBA-15 materials and effectively achieve the composite of the two materials. The co-sol method, by controlling reaction conditions (such as solvent type, temperature, pH value, etc.), allows for the simultaneous synthesis of MCM-41 and SBA-15, forming a composite material with excellent pore structure in the same reaction system. The mixed sol method, on the other hand, involves synthesizing MCM-41 and SBA-15 materials separately and then mixing them, ensuring that the advantages of both are fully utilized.

[0064] Understandably, the introduction of composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials is also significant for inhibiting coking in catalysts. The pore structure of MCM-41 and SBA-15 can effectively provide diffusion channels for reactants and products, reducing coking accumulation. In addition, the larger pore volume also helps to accommodate more reactants, reducing coking deposition on the catalyst surface, allowing the catalyst to maintain high activity even after long-term operation.

[0065] In some embodiments, the mesoporous structure and specific surface area of ​​the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material can be further optimized through post-processing methods. For example, the pore structure and surface properties of the material can be improved by acid treatment, heat treatment, or modification methods, thereby enhancing its activity and selectivity in catalytic cracking processes.

[0066] The role of composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials in catalytic cracking is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0067] Optimization of pore size distribution: By combining MCM-41 and SBA-15, mesoporous structures with different pore size ranges can be obtained. This helps to effectively diffuse reactants and products of different molecular sizes during catalytic cracking, avoids the accumulation of macromolecules on the catalyst surface, and reduces the formation of carbon deposits.

[0068] High specific surface area and pore volume: Composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials provide a larger specific surface area and pore volume, thereby increasing the density of reactive active sites in the catalyst and improving the selectivity and product distribution of catalytic cracking reactions.

[0069] Reduced carbon buildup: The composite mesoporous structure effectively provides diffusion pathways, reducing the accumulation of low-molecular-weight products during the reaction. At the same time, due to its large pore volume, it can reduce carbon deposition on the catalyst surface and extend the catalyst's lifespan.

[0070] In summary, the application of composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials has a significant impact on the performance optimization of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalysts. By rationally selecting the combination ratio of MCM-41 and SBA-15 and adopting appropriate preparation methods, the catalytic activity, reaction selectivity, coking inhibition ability, and thermal stability of the catalyst can be effectively improved.

[0071] Carbon deposit inhibitor

[0072] In this embodiment, the carbon deposit inhibitor, as an important component of the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst, aims to inhibit the formation of carbon deposits during catalytic cracking, thereby improving the catalyst's stability and service life. The carbon deposit inhibitor is a calcium, magnesium, or potassium metal salt, with a content of 0.1%-2%. These metal salts can effectively reduce carbon deposit formation, prevent carbon deposits from blocking the active sites of the catalyst, and thus delay catalyst deactivation.

[0073] In some embodiments, the calcium, magnesium, or potassium metal salt may be selected from any one of calcium salts, magnesium salts, or potassium salts, or mixtures thereof. Specifically, the metal salts of coking inhibitors may include, but are not limited to, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, and potassium nitrate. It should be noted that metal salts such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium can play multiple roles in catalytic cracking, the most important of which is to reduce the formation of carbides through interaction with coking precursors.

[0074] Specifically, the carbon inhibition mechanism of calcium, magnesium, or potassium metal salts is achieved through the following pathways:

[0075] The role of metal ions in capturing carbon deposits: In catalytic cracking, carbon deposits are formed by the reaction of organic matter produced during the cracking process with active sites on the catalyst surface. Calcium, magnesium, or potassium ions in metal salts can react with these organic matter to form intermediates or products that are less prone to carbon deposition, thus reducing carbon buildup on the catalyst surface. For example, calcium ions can react with certain hydrocarbon products to generate low-molecular-weight intermediates, which can more easily desorb from the catalyst surface, thereby reducing carbon deposit formation.

[0076] Ionization: Metal ions such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium can alter the electron density on the catalyst surface, reducing the reactivity of active sites that would otherwise readily react with organic matter, thus decreasing carbon deposition. The introduction of metal ions can reduce the affinity of hydrocarbon molecules for the catalyst surface, thereby reducing carbon buildup.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the content of the carbon deposit inhibitor is 0.1%-2%. Calcium, magnesium, or potassium metal salts within this range can effectively reduce carbon deposit formation in catalytic cracking reactions and ensure catalyst activity and reaction stability. Alternatively, the content of the metal salt is preferably 0.5%-1% to achieve a better carbon deposit inhibition effect and avoid excessive use of metal salts that could lead to reduced catalyst activity or excessive cost.

[0078] It should be noted that the role of carbon deposit inhibitors is not limited to suppressing carbon deposition on the catalyst surface. Certain metal salts, such as calcium salts, can also play a catalytic role in catalytic cracking reactions, promoting the cracking process. Calcium salts, through their unique chemical properties, can regulate the reaction pathway and enhance the stability of the catalyst under high-temperature conditions.

[0079] In some embodiments, the selection of carbon deposit inhibitors can be adjusted according to the specific requirements of the catalytic cracking reaction. For example, magnesium and calcium salts typically exhibit better carbon deposit inhibition at high temperatures, while potassium salts show better stability for intermediate-temperature cracking reactions. The specific selection can be optimized based on the reaction temperature, reactant composition, and catalyst lifespan in the actual application.

[0080] Understandably, the selection and dosage of carbon deposit inhibitors are based on the characteristics of the catalytic cracking reaction. To improve catalyst stability and extend catalyst lifespan, carbon deposit inhibitors must not only possess good carbon inhibition effects but also be compatible with the active components of the catalyst to avoid affecting its reaction performance.

[0081] For example, in some embodiments, calcium metal salts (such as calcium chloride or calcium nitrate) are particularly effective as carbon deposition inhibitors. Calcium chloride has a strong carbon deposition inhibitory effect, effectively reducing carbon deposition at low dosages and preventing severe catalyst deactivation during high-temperature reactions. Calcium salts form stable complexes with carbonaceous substances that may be generated in the reactants, thereby effectively preventing carbon deposition on the catalyst surface.

[0082] In addition, magnesium and potassium metal salts can also provide good carbon deposition inhibition under certain specific reaction conditions. For example, magnesium chloride and magnesium nitrate salts, at higher cracking temperatures, can react with carbon deposit precursors through their chemical properties, reducing the rate of carbon deposition. Potassium salts are more suitable for low-temperature reaction processes, as they can reduce the adsorption of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons on the catalyst surface, thereby slowing down carbon deposition.

[0083] In summary, the introduction of carbon deposit inhibitors is of great significance for the catalyst activity and stability in the catalytic cracking process. The effective application of calcium, magnesium, and potassium metal salts can reduce carbon deposition through multiple pathways, thereby improving catalyst lifespan and reaction efficiency. In this invention, by rationally selecting the type and content of carbon deposit inhibitors, catalyst performance can be maximized while ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the catalytic cracking reaction.

[0084] Correspondingly, this invention also provides a method for synthesizing the above-mentioned catalyst, which combines multiple techniques such as hydrothermal method, metal ion impregnation method, sol-gel method and activation treatment. The specific synthesis steps are as follows:

[0085] 1. Hydrothermal Synthesis of ZMQ-1 Molecular Sieves

[0086] In this embodiment, ZMQ-1 molecular sieve is first synthesized using a hydrothermal method. During the hydrothermal synthesis, a suitable silicon source (such as silica sol or sodium silicate solution) is first mixed with an aluminum source (such as aluminate) and a template agent, and the pH of the reaction solution is adjusted, typically between 9 and 12. Then, the mixed solution is placed in a sealed reactor for a hydrothermal reaction at a temperature of 150℃-200℃ for 48-72 hours, ultimately yielding ZMQ-1 molecular sieve. The obtained ZMQ-1 molecular sieve typically requires washing, drying, and calcination to remove the template agent and improve the orderliness of its pore structure.

[0087] 2. Metal ion impregnation method for loading metal ion modifiers

[0088] In this embodiment, metal ions such as nickel, molybdenum, or platinum are loaded onto the surface of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve using a metal ion impregnation method. Specifically, a suitable metal salt (such as a solution of nickel nitrate, molybdenum nitrate, or platinum salt) is dissolved in an appropriate amount of solvent, and then the synthesized ZMQ-1 molecular sieve is added to it for impregnation. The impregnation temperature is 100℃-150℃, and the impregnation time is 4-8 hours. After impregnation, the catalyst is filtered and washed to remove unreacted metal salts, followed by drying and calcination. The calcination temperature is typically set at 400℃-600℃ to ensure that the metal ions can be effectively loaded onto the surface of the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve.

[0089] 3. Sol-gel composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials

[0090] Next, the MCM-41 or SBA-15 mesoporous molecular sieve material was composited with ZMQ-1 molecular sieve using the sol-gel method. Specifically, a sol solution of MCM-41 or SBA-15 was mixed with ZMQ-1 molecular sieve powder, and a sol-gel reaction was carried out at an appropriate pH value. This process is typically conducted at a temperature of 120℃-180℃ for 24-48 hours. This step not only increases the specific surface area of ​​the catalyst but also improves its pore structure, thereby enhancing the efficiency of the catalytic reaction. The composite catalyst needs to be washed, dried, and calcined at high temperature to fix the composite structure.

[0091] 4. Addition and activation treatment of carbon deposit inhibitors

[0092] In this embodiment, coking inhibitors such as calcium, magnesium, or potassium are added to the synthesis catalyst to further reduce coking formation. Specifically, an appropriate amount of calcium, magnesium, or potassium metal salts (such as calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, or potassium chloride) is dissolved in a solvent and then mixed with the composite catalyst. The amount of coking inhibitor added is 0.1%-2%, which can be adjusted as needed. After mixing, the catalyst undergoes activation treatment. The activation treatment temperature is 300℃-500℃, and the treatment time is 2-4 hours. Under these temperature and time conditions, the coking inhibitor can effectively promote catalyst activation, improve its thermal stability, and effectively reduce coking formation during catalytic cracking, thereby extending the catalyst's service life.

[0093] In summary, this invention optimizes the pore structure and acidity of ZMQ-1 molecular sieves by introducing metal ion modifiers on the surface, thereby enhancing the activity and stability of the catalyst. The addition of composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials further increases the surface area and pore structure of the catalyst, promoting the distribution and decomposition of reactants. The use of carbon deposition inhibitors (such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium metal salts) effectively reduces carbon deposition and extends the catalyst's lifespan.

[0094] Example 1: Nickel-supported ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalyst

[0095] 1. Synthesis of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve:

[0096] ZMQ-1 molecular sieve was synthesized by a hydrothermal method. The reaction solution consisted of a silicon source (silica sol) and an aluminum source (aluminate), and the template agent was C16H33TMA (hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride). The hydrothermal reaction temperature was 180℃, and the reaction time was 60 hours, to obtain ZMQ-1 molecular sieve.

[0097] 2. Metal ion impregnation:

[0098] ZMQ-1 molecular sieves were impregnated with a nickel nitrate solution at a metal ion loading of 3% at a temperature of 120°C for 6 hours. After impregnation, nickel ions were loaded onto the ZMQ-1 surface by calcination (500°C for 2 hours).

[0099] 3. Composite mesoporous molecular sieves:

[0100] MCM-41 was used as a mesoporous molecular sieve and composited with ZMQ-1 molecular sieve at a 1:1 mass ratio. The reaction was carried out using a sol-gel method at 150°C for 48 hours. After the reaction, the catalyst was dried and calcined (550°C, 4 hours).

[0101] 4. Carbon deposit inhibitor:

[0102] Add 0.5% calcium chloride to the composite catalyst for activation treatment (temperature 350℃, time 3 hours). This step can effectively reduce the formation of carbon deposits.

[0103] Example 2: Molybdenum-supported ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalyst

[0104] 1. Synthesis of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve:

[0105] ZMQ-1 molecular sieve was synthesized using a hydrothermal method, with silica sol as the silicon source, aluminate as the aluminum source, and CTAB (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) as the template agent. The hydrothermal reaction temperature was 160℃, and the reaction time was 48 hours.

[0106] 2. Metal ion impregnation:

[0107] Molybdenum metal ions were impregnated onto the surface of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve using a molybdenum nitrate solution. The metal ion loading was 4%, the impregnation temperature was 130℃, and the impregnation time was 5 hours. The molybdenum metal ion loading was stabilized by calcination (450℃, 2 hours).

[0108] 3. Composite mesoporous molecular sieves:

[0109] SBA-15 was used as the composite molecular sieve material, and SBA-15 and ZMQ-1 were composited at a mass ratio of 1:1.5. The composite reaction was carried out at 170℃ for 48 hours, and after the reaction was completed, it was calcined (600℃, 3 hours).

[0110] 4. Carbon deposit inhibitor:

[0111] Potassium chloride was selected as the carbon deposit inhibitor, with an addition amount of 1%, an activation treatment temperature of 400℃, and a treatment time of 3 hours.

[0112] Example 3: Platinum-supported ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalyst

[0113] 1. Synthesis of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve:

[0114] ZMQ-1 molecular sieve was synthesized by hydrothermal method using silica sol and aluminate as raw materials, CTAB as template agent, reaction temperature of 190℃, and reaction time of 72 hours.

[0115] 2. Metal ion impregnation:

[0116] Platinum ions were loaded onto the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve using a platinum metal salt (such as a platinum chloride solution) at a loading of 2%, with an impregnation temperature of 110°C and an impregnation time of 8 hours. The platinum metal ions were then stably distributed on the ZMQ-1 surface by calcination (500°C, 2 hours).

[0117] 3. Composite mesoporous molecular sieves:

[0118] MCM-41 was used as the composite material and compounded with ZMQ-1 molecular sieve at a mass ratio of 1:2. The compounding temperature was 160℃, the reaction time was 24 hours, and the compounded catalyst was calcined (550℃, 3 hours).

[0119] 4. Carbon deposit inhibitor:

[0120] Calcium chloride was selected as the carbon deposit inhibitor, with an addition amount of 0.8%, an activation treatment temperature of 350℃, and a treatment time of 2 hours.

[0121] Example 4: Nickel-molybdenum bimetallic supported ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalyst

[0122] 1. Synthesis of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve:

[0123] ZMQ-1 molecular sieve was synthesized by a hydrothermal method. The reaction solution consisted of a silicon source (silica sol) and an aluminum source (aluminate). The template agent was CTAB. The hydrothermal reaction temperature was 175℃ and the reaction time was 60 hours.

[0124] 2. Metal ion impregnation:

[0125] First, ZMQ-1 molecular sieves were impregnated with nickel nitrate solution at a nickel loading of 2%. The impregnation temperature was 120℃, and the impregnation time was 5 hours. Then, molybdenum nitrate solution was used for a second impregnation, with a molybdenum loading of 2%, at an impregnation temperature of 130℃ for 6 hours. Finally, the catalyst was calcined (500℃, 2 hours).

[0126] 3. Composite mesoporous molecular sieves:

[0127] SBA-15 was selected for composite processing, with a mass ratio of SBA-15 to ZMQ-1 molecular sieve of 1:1.5. The composite temperature was 180℃, and the reaction time was 36 hours.

[0128] 4. Carbon deposit inhibitor:

[0129] Add 1% magnesium chloride to the composite catalyst, and activate it at 450℃ for 3 hours.

[0130] Example 5: Platinum-Palladium Bimetallic Supported ZMQ-1 Molecular Sieve Catalyst

[0131] 1. Synthesis of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve:

[0132] ZMQ-1 molecular sieve was synthesized by hydrothermal method using silica sol and aluminate as raw materials, C16H33TMA as template agent, hydrothermal reaction temperature of 180℃, and reaction time of 72 hours.

[0133] 2. Metal ion impregnation:

[0134] The metal was impregnated twice with platinum chloride and palladium chloride solutions, with platinum and palladium loadings of 2% and 1%, respectively. The impregnation temperature was 110°C, and the impregnation time was 6 hours. Afterward, calcination (500°C, 2 hours) was performed to ensure uniform distribution of metal ions.

[0135] 3. Composite mesoporous molecular sieves:

[0136] SBA-15 was used as the composite material, with a mass ratio of ZMQ-1 to SBA-15 of 1:2. The composite reaction temperature was 150℃, the reaction time was 48 hours, and finally, the mixture was calcined (600℃, 3 hours).

[0137] 4. Carbon deposit inhibitor:

[0138] Add 1% potassium chloride to the composite catalyst, activate it at 400℃ for 2 hours.

[0139] Comparative Experiment 1:

[0140] Objective: To evaluate the effect of metal ion modification on ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst and to verify whether metal ion loading can improve catalytic performance and reduce carbon deposition.

[0141] Experimental setup:

[0142] Experimental Example 1: Using the nickel-supported ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalyst (3% nickel loading) from Example 1.

[0143] Experimental Example 2: Using the molybdenum-supported ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalyst (4% molybdenum loading) from Example 2.

[0144] Comparative Example 1: Using ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalyst without any metal ion modification (pure ZMQ-1 molecular sieve, without metal ion loading)

[0145] Experimental materials:

[0146] ZMQ-1 molecular sieve

[0147] Nickel nitrate (Ni(NO3)2) solution

[0148] Ammonium molybdate solution

[0149] Solvents: Deionized water, ethanol

[0150] Experimental steps:

[0151] 1. Metal loading (impregnation method)

[0152] Experimental Example 1 (Nickel-supported catalyst):

[0153] Take 3g of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve sample and place it in a beaker.

[0154] Completely wet the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve with 10 mL of nickel nitrate solution (concentration 1.0 mol / L).

[0155] Stir the soaking solution at room temperature for 1 hour to ensure that the metal ions fully penetrate.

[0156] The soaked ZMQ-1 molecular sieve was dried at 100℃ for 12 hours to remove the solvent.

[0157] The dried catalyst was placed in a high-temperature furnace and calcined at 400°C for 2 hours to complete the preparation of the nickel-supported catalyst.

[0158] Experimental Example 2 (Molybdenum Supported Catalyst):

[0159] Take 3g of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve sample and place it in a beaker.

[0160] Completely wet the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve with 10 mL of ammonium molybdate solution (concentration 1.0 mol / L).

[0161] Let the soaking solution be stirred at room temperature for 1 hour.

[0162] The molybdenum-supported catalyst was obtained by drying and calcining according to the above method.

[0163] Comparative Example 1 (ZMQ-1 without metal loading):

[0164] Take 3g of ZMQ-1 molecular sieve, dry and calcine it directly without metal ion modification.

[0165] 2. Catalytic cracking reaction

[0166] Each prepared catalyst was subjected to catalytic cracking reaction experiments:

[0167] Reaction conditions:

[0168] Temperature: 550℃;

[0169] Reaction time: 1 hour;

[0170] Raw material: heavy oil (VGO as an example), feed flow rate: 0.5 mL / min;

[0171] Atmosphere: Nitrogen flow rate: 30 mL / min;

[0172] Reactor type: fluidized bed reactor.

[0173] 3. Catalytic performance evaluation

[0174] Cracking conversion rate: After the reaction, the cracking products are collected and the conversion rate is measured, which is the proportion of light oil produced by cracking to the feedstock oil.

[0175] Carbon deposit amount: The mass change of the catalyst before and after the reaction is measured using a TGA instrument to estimate the carbon deposit amount.

[0176] Catalytic activity: The component distribution of cracking products was analyzed by gas chromatography to compare the conversion efficiency of different catalysts for different components.

[0177] The experimental results are shown in the table below:

[0178]

[0179] Analysis of the data from each group clearly shows that the formulation of the catalyst of this invention has significant advantages in improving catalytic activity, reducing carbon deposit formation, and increasing cracking conversion rate.

[0180] The specific explanation is as follows:

[0181] 1. Improved cracking conversion rate

[0182] As can be seen from the experimental tables, the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalysts modified with metal ions (Examples 1 and 2) significantly improved the cracking conversion. Example 1 (nickel-supported ZMQ-1 molecular sieve) achieved a conversion of 76.3%, while Comparative Example 1 (unsupported metal ZMQ-1) only achieved 68.4%. This indicates that metal ion modification can effectively enhance the cracking activity of the catalyst.

[0183] This invention modifies ZMQ-1 molecular sieves with metal ions such as nickel and molybdenum, optimizing the cracking reaction through metal catalysis. Nickel, as a transition metal, provides more active sites, promoting the cracking of light oils. Molybdenum possesses strong redox capabilities, enhancing the stability of the catalytic cracking reaction and further improving the cracking conversion rate. Experimental Examples 1 and 2 show that the metal-supported catalyst provides more effective reaction sites, thereby improving the cracking conversion rate.

[0184] 2. Significant reduction in carbon deposits

[0185] Experimental data showed that the carbon deposition amounts in Experimental Example 1 (nickel-supported catalyst) and Experimental Example 2 (molybdenum-supported catalyst) were 5.8 mg / g and 6.3 mg / g, respectively, while the carbon deposition amount in Comparative Example 1 was 8.0 mg / g. The lower carbon deposition amounts in the catalysts indicate that metal modification effectively reduced carbon deposition during catalytic cracking.

[0186] Metal ions such as nickel and molybdenum can reduce carbon deposit formation in catalytic reactions through multiple mechanisms. First, metal ions can alter the cracking reaction pathway through their catalytic function, increasing the production of light oil and thus reducing excessive carbon deposit formation. Second, metal ion modification helps improve catalyst stability, preventing excessive aggregation reactions on the catalyst surface and slowing down the carbon deposition process. Furthermore, metal ions may also reduce the formation of carbon deposition sites through strong interactions with the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve surface, further inhibiting carbon deposition.

[0187] 3. Enhanced catalytic activity

[0188] Through the evaluation of catalytic activity (α value), we observed that Experimental Example 1 (nickel-supported ZMQ-1 molecular sieve) exhibited the highest catalytic activity (α value of 1.05), significantly higher than Comparative Example 1 (α value of 0.85). This indicates that metal ion loading not only improves the cracking conversion rate of the catalyst but also enhances its catalytic activity.

[0189] The loading of metal ions can effectively promote the cracking reaction activity of ZMQ-1 molecular sieves. Metal ions, as active sites, can provide more cracking reaction centers, improving the overall activity of the catalyst. Nickel, in particular, can interact electronically with the surface of ZMQ-1 molecular sieves, enhancing the catalyst's cracking capacity, thereby increasing light oil yield and enhancing the reaction rate during catalytic cracking.

[0190] Based on the data from Experiment 1, the metal ion-modified ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalyst significantly outperformed the unmodified ZMQ-1 catalyst in catalytic cracking. Metal loading not only improved catalytic conversion and activity but also effectively reduced carbon deposition.

[0191] Comparative Experiment 2:

[0192] Objective: To compare the effects of composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials (such as MCM-41 and SBA-15) on catalytic performance and to verify the role of composite materials in mitigating catalyst deactivation and extending catalyst lifetime.

[0193] Experimental setup

[0194] Experimental Example 3:

[0195] Catalyst: The platinum-supported ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalyst (2% platinum support) from Example 3 was used, combined with MCM-41.

[0196] Composite method: ZMQ-1 molecular sieve and MCM-41 are composited by sol-gel method.

[0197] Metal loading: 2% platinum loading.

[0198] Reaction conditions: Hydrothermal synthesis.

[0199] Experiment Example 4:

[0200] Catalyst: The nickel-molybdenum bimetallic supported ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalyst (2% nickel and 2% molybdenum) from Example 4 was used, combined with SBA-15.

[0201] Composite method: ZMQ-1 molecular sieve and SBA-15 are composited by sol-gel method.

[0202] Metal loading: 2% nickel loading, 2% molybdenum loading.

[0203] Reaction conditions: Hydrothermal synthesis.

[0204] Comparative Example 2:

[0205] Catalyst: ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalyst without any composite mesoporous material (ZMQ-1 molecular sieve only, without metal support).

[0206] Composite method: No composite, single ZMQ-1 molecular sieve.

[0207] Metallic load: No metallic load.

[0208] Experimental parameter settings:

[0209] Catalytic reaction: All catalysts are used for catalytic cracking reaction, using naphtha as raw material, with the reaction temperature controlled at 550℃, the pressure at 1MPa, and the reaction time at 30 minutes.

[0210] Reaction conversion rate: The catalytic cracking conversion rate is calculated by measuring the change in the mass fraction of the products before and after the reaction.

[0211] Carbon deposition: The carbon deposition inhibition effect of the catalyst is evaluated by measuring the amount of carbon deposition on the catalyst surface.

[0212] Catalyst stability: The catalytic activity of the catalyst was detected by repeatedly using the catalyst in multiple cycles of reaction.

[0213] Catalytic activity: Catalytic activity is evaluated by the yield of light oil and gas in the cracking reaction.

[0214] Experimental steps

[0215] 1. Catalyst Synthesis:

[0216] ZMQ-1 molecular sieve was synthesized using a hydrothermal method according to the synthesis method of this invention. During the synthesis process, temperature and reaction time were controlled to ensure the stability of the molecular sieve structure.

[0217] Metal ions (platinum, nickel, molybdenum) were impregnated into ZMQ-1 molecular sieves and modified by the impregnation method. The impregnation temperature of the metal ions was 100℃, and the impregnation time was 6 hours.

[0218] ZMQ-1 molecular sieves were composited with mesoporous molecular sieves (such as MCM-41 or SBA-15) using a sol-gel method. The composite temperature was 120℃, and the reaction time was 24 hours.

[0219] The synthesized catalyst was activated at a temperature of 350°C for 2 hours.

[0220] 2. Catalytic reaction:

[0221] The synthesized catalysts were added to the reactors for catalytic cracking. Naphtha was used as the feedstock, and the reaction temperature was controlled at 550℃, the pressure at 1 MPa, and the reaction time at 30 minutes.

[0222] After the reaction is complete, the cracking products are collected, the mass fraction of the products is determined, and the catalytic conversion rate is calculated.

[0223] 3. Determination of carbon deposits:

[0224] The amount of carbon deposited on the catalyst was determined using TGA (thermogravimetric analysis).

[0225] Thermogravimetric analysis was performed within a certain temperature range (e.g., 300℃ to 600℃) to record the mass change of the catalyst and determine the amount of carbon deposits.

[0226] 4. Catalyst stability test:

[0227] The catalyst was reused for multiple cycles (5 times). After each reaction, the catalyst was cleaned and restored to its original state.

[0228] The catalytic activity of the catalyst was measured after each cycle to assess its stability.

[0229] The experimental results are shown in the table below:

[0230]

[0231] By comparing and analyzing the catalytic performance, carbon deposition inhibition effect, catalytic activity and catalyst stability of different catalysts in Experiment 2, it is evident that the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material plays a significant role in improving catalyst performance, and the synergistic effect of each component in the formulation of this invention is verified.

[0232] 1. Improved catalytic conversion rate:

[0233] Experimental results show that composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials (such as MCM-41 and SBA-15) can significantly improve catalytic conversion. The catalytic conversion rates of Experiment 3 (platinum-supported ZMQ-1 + MCM-41 composite) and Experiment 4 (nickel-molybdenum-supported ZMQ-1 + SBA-15 composite) were 76.5% and 79.3%, respectively, both much higher than the 68.1% of Comparative Example 2 (ZMQ-1 molecular sieve only, no metal support).

[0234] The porous structure and high specific surface area of ​​composite materials effectively improve the contact and diffusion processes in catalytic reactions, especially for complex cracking reactions. The surface and pores of the catalyst can provide more contact sites and larger reaction space for the reactants, thereby accelerating the reaction rate and improving the catalytic conversion rate. The introduction of composite mesoporous materials not only enhances the active sites of the catalyst but also reduces the mass transfer resistance of the reaction, greatly promoting the cracking reaction.

[0235] 2. Carbon deposit inhibition effect:

[0236] Based on the data on carbon deposition, the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material exhibited a significant advantage in inhibiting carbon deposition. The carbon deposition amounts in Experimental Examples 3 and 4 were 5.4 mg / g and 6.0 mg / g, respectively, significantly lower than that in Comparative Example 2 (8.2 mg / g). This result indicates that the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material effectively reduced carbon deposition.

[0237] The composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials of this invention, particularly MCM-41 and SBA-15, possess abundant pore structures and high specific surface areas, which enhance the adsorption capacity of catalytic reactants and promote their efficient decomposition. Simultaneously, these composite materials can adsorb and isolate carbonaceous substances generated during the reaction, thereby inhibiting carbon deposition. Furthermore, the inherent porous nature of the mesoporous materials helps increase the contact area between reactants and catalysts, reducing carbon deposits generated due to incomplete reactions or side reactions, further minimizing carbon buildup.

[0238] 3. Catalytic activity:

[0239] The comparison of catalytic activity (α value) shows that the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material can significantly improve the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst. The catalytic activities of Experimental Example 3 and Experimental Example 4 were 1.08 and 1.12, respectively, both higher than the 0.85 of Comparative Example 2. This result verifies the important role of composite mesoporous materials in improving the catalytic reaction rate.

[0240] The introduction of composite mesoporous materials improves the pore structure and surface properties of the catalyst, enhances the contact between the catalyst and reactants, and thus increases the adsorption and conversion efficiency of the reactants. In particular, the pores of the mesoporous materials can effectively improve the dispersibility of the catalyst and increase the exposure of metal active sites. The combined effect of these factors significantly enhances the catalytic activity of the catalyst.

[0241] 4. Catalyst stability:

[0242] Through repeated use of the catalyst in cyclic reactions, it was observed that the composite mesoporous material played a crucial role in delaying catalyst deactivation. The catalyst stability of Examples 3 and 4 (90.1% and 89.5%, respectively) was significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 2 (82.7%). This indicates that the introduction of the composite material delayed catalyst degradation and deactivation.

[0243] Composite mesoporous molecular sieve materials can enhance the structural stability of catalysts and reduce the loss of active sites caused by structural collapse or metal particle aggregation during high-temperature reactions. Mesoporous molecular sieve materials such as SBA-15 and MCM-41 have strong thermal stability and mechanical strength, which can effectively prevent physical or chemical deformation of catalysts during use, thereby improving the stability and durability of catalysts.

[0244] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan, characterized in that, The ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst is composed of the following components: ZMQ-1 molecular sieve; A metal ion modifier, wherein the metal ion modifier is nickel, molybdenum, or platinum; When the metal ion modifier is nickel, the nickel content is 1%-3%; When the metal ion modifier is molybdenum, the molybdenum content is 1%-3%. When the metal ion modifier is platinum, the platinum content is 0.5%-2%; A composite mesoporous molecular sieve material, wherein the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material is MCM-41, SBA-15 or a combination of both, and the mass ratio of the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material to ZMQ-1 molecular sieve is 1:0.5-2. Carbon deposit inhibitor, wherein the carbon deposit inhibitor is a metal salt of calcium, magnesium or potassium, and its content is 0.1%-2%.

2. The ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific surface area of ​​the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve is 600-800 m². 2 / g, specific pore volume is 0.3-0.4 cm³ 3 / g, with a pore size distribution of 2-5 nm.

3. The ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite mesoporous molecular sieve material is MCM-41, and the mass ratio of ZMQ-1 to MCM-41 is 1:

1.

4. The ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite mesoporous molecular sieve material is SBA-15, and the mass ratio of ZMQ-1 to SBA-15 is 1:

1.

5. The ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon deposit inhibitor is a calcium metal salt, and the content of the calcium metal salt is 0.5%-1%.

6. The ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The synthesis method of the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst includes the following steps: ZMQ-1 molecular sieve was synthesized using a hydrothermal method; The ZMQ-1 molecular sieve is obtained by loading nickel, molybdenum or platinum metal ions onto the surface of the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve using the metal ion impregnation method. Next, the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material was combined with the ZMQ-1 molecular sieve loaded with metal ions using the sol-gel method to obtain the composite catalyst. A carbon deposit inhibitor was added to the composite catalyst and then activated.

7. The ZMQ-1 molecular sieve catalytic cracking catalyst with low carbon deposition and long lifespan according to claim 6, characterized in that, The impregnation temperature of the metal ions is 100℃-150℃, and the impregnation time is 4-8 hours; the temperature of the composite mesoporous molecular sieve material is 120℃-180℃, and the reaction time is 24-48 hours; the activation treatment temperature is 300℃-500℃, and the treatment time is 2-4 hours.

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