Explosive welding device and method for rare refractory metal layered composite material

Abstract

The invention discloses an explosive welding device and method for a rare refractory metal layered composite material, and relates to the field of welding. The device comprises a heating base, a metal rod, a metal tube, a plug, a heat insulation material and a medicine frame. The metal rod, the metal tube and the lower end of the medicine frame are coaxially and vertically installed on the heating base, and the plug is installed at the top end of the metal tube. And the cavity between the metal tube and the explosive frame is filled with explosives. When the metal tube and the metal rod are heated to the required temperature through the heating base, the primer detonator excites the filled explosive to explode and release energy, and the metal tube is explosively welded to the metal rod to prepare the composite material. According to the explosive welding device with the heating base, rapid and controllable heating of a metal pipe and / or a metal rod is conveniently achieved. Heating and explosive welding are integrated, explosive welding is carried out after heating, the operation that a metal pipe rod is separated from a heating base and transferred to an explosive welding site is omitted, and cooling in the transferring process is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of welding, and in particular to an explosion welding device and a welding method for rare refractory metal layered composite materials. Background Art

[0002] Rare refractory metals mainly include titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, etc. They are resistant to high temperatures, corrosion, and wear, and are excellent protective materials, usually composited with other metals. So far, people have used a variety of technologies to try to obtain high-quality titanium-steel, zirconium-steel, tantalum-steel, molybdenum-copper, tungsten-copper, etc., so that metal layered composite materials have protective characteristics. The inter-layer solubility of the materials in the above-mentioned layered composite materials is poor, and the physical properties such as melting point and thermal expansion coefficient vary greatly, resulting in the interface bonding strength of the layered composite materials prepared by common rolling, casting, cladding, spraying and other composite methods is not strong enough, resulting in serious "delamination" phenomenon, affecting its protective performance.

[0003] Explosive welding is a special welding method that uses the energy of explosives to drive one metal material to collide with another at high speed to produce a metallurgical bond. It has the advantages of high bonding strength and can make up for the defect of insufficient interface bonding strength of metal layered composite materials.

[0004] With the continuous extension and expansion of the application field of explosive welding, for example, in some large scientific facilities and key industries, the demand for high-performance small-sized composite materials is becoming more and more urgent. Small-sized composite materials are needed for stainless steel-titanium in the self-locking valve of the attitude control jet propulsion system of space satellites, titanium-stainless steel for sensors of nuclear industry equipment, and tungsten-copper and molybdenum-copper composite joints with both protective and high thermal conductivity (or high strength, etc.). However, current industry research is mainly focused on the preparation of composite plates by explosive welding of plates. For composite plates, large-size explosive welding is a difficulty and concern. The difficulties and concerns of preparing composite materials by explosive welding of tubes and rods are just the opposite of those of composite plates. For composite materials, the smaller the size, the more difficult it is to explosively weld. In particular, in some scenarios, not only high-performance small-diameter tube-rod connections are required, but also good performance of the metal rod joints or metal pipe joints formed by welding. Rare refractory metals are brittle and have low elongation. Explosive welding can cause refractory metals to rupture. Therefore, in the field of explosive welding, explosive welding of rare refractory metal composites is a difficulty.

[0005] CN113787249A discloses an explosive welding method for a large-sized metal composite plate. The base plate and the composite plate are subjected to mechanical impact treatment and heating treatment in sequence to obtain a composite plate; a detonating cord is fixed along the length direction of the composite plate and explosives are laid on the composite plate; the middle position of the detonating cord is used as the detonation point to perform explosive welding on the composite plate to obtain a large-sized metal composite plate. The mechanical impact treatment and heating treatment of the base plate and the composite plate can reduce defects such as cracks during explosive composite, and can induce a large number of crystal structure defects on the surface of the base plate and the composite plate, improve the interface bonding strength of the composite plate, especially the edge of the composite plate, prevent delamination and cracking, and have no boundary effect. However, for small-sized composite materials, it is not suitable to use the mechanical impact in this patent application, which is easy to cause damage to the tube and rod, and the composite plate is large in size, and is heated in a flat state during heating treatment. Since the composite material is welded by tube-rod explosion, its contact surface with the heating device is circular and annular, and it is difficult to heat the composite material as a whole by plane heating. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose an explosive welding device and a welding method for rare refractory metal layered composite materials, so as to solve the problems of low bonding strength of rare refractory metals and easy cracking after explosive welding when layered composite materials are prepared by explosive welding in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0008] On the one hand, the present invention proposes an explosion welding device for rare refractory metal layered composite materials, which is used for explosive welding of metal rods and metal tubes to form composite materials, the explosion welding device comprises a heating base and a medicine frame arranged above the heating base, the interior of the medicine frame and the heating base form a receiving space, the metal rod and the metal tube are vertically arranged above the heating base, the metal tube is sleeved on the outside of the metal rod, the two are coaxially arranged and located in the receiving space, the metal tube and the medicine frame are filled with explosives, and the heating base is used to heat the metal tube and / or the metal rod. The present invention sets an explosion welding device with a heating base, and the metal rod and the metal tube are erected above the heating base, and the heating base is heated to conduct heat from the bottom of the metal rod and the metal tube to the top, so as to conveniently realize the heating of the two as a whole at one time. In addition, since the explosive is arranged between the metal tube and the medicine frame, the explosion welding device of the present invention integrates heating and explosion welding, and can directly perform explosion welding after continuous heating, eliminating the operation of transferring the metal rod and the metal tube from the heating base to the explosion welding site, avoiding the cooling of the transfer process, and more accurately controlling the heating temperature.

[0009] Furthermore, heat insulating material is provided on the upper portion of the heating base and the outer wall of the metal tube to reduce the loss of heat to the outside during the heating process and improve the heating efficiency.

[0010] Furthermore, the heating base is electrically heated, which is not only simple to operate, but also convenient for controlling the heating process by turning on and off the power supply of the electric heating.

[0011] Furthermore, a plug is provided at the top of the metal tube, explosives are filled between the plug and the powder frame, and a detonator is provided in the explosives at the top of the plug. The plug controls the distance between the metal tube and the metal rod at the top, and the first groove and the second groove control the distance between the metal tube and the metal rod at the bottom, thereby ensuring that the distance between the metal tube and the metal rod is set according to the set process parameters as a whole, which is beneficial to the quality of explosive welding. In addition, the plug also has a blocking effect to prevent debris from affecting the quality of the composite interface.

[0012] Furthermore, the explosive frame is a structure with a lower opening at the bottom and an upper opening at the top, the lower opening is blocked by a heating base, and the upper opening is used to fill the explosive 4 and install the detonator.

[0013] Furthermore, the detonation velocity of the explosive is 2000 m·s -1 ~3000m·s -1 .

[0014] Furthermore, the heating base is provided with a first groove, a second groove and a third groove, the metal rod is inserted into the first groove for realizing the installation of the metal rod and the heating base, the metal tube is inserted into the second groove for realizing the installation of the metal tube and the heating base, and the medicine frame is inserted into the third groove for realizing the installation of the medicine frame and the heating base.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a welding method for rare refractory metal layered composite materials, the welding method adopts the above-mentioned explosion welding device, and the welding method comprises the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Surface pretreatment of metal rods and metal tubes;

[0017] Step 2: Determine the static process parameters of explosion welding according to the diameter of the metal rod, the wall thickness of the metal tube and related material properties; set a circular first groove on the heating base according to the diameter of the metal rod; select a metal tube with a corresponding inner diameter according to the static process parameter spacing, and then set a circular second groove on the heating base according to the size of the metal tube; set a circular third groove on the heating base according to the static process parameter charge thickness;

[0018] Step 3: According to the heating base determined in step 2, the metal rod and the metal tube to be welded are respectively installed on the first groove and the second groove arranged outward from the center of the heating base, and the heat insulation material is laid on the outer wall of the metal tube and the top of the heating base. The charge frame is installed on the third groove arranged outward from the center of the heating base, and the plug is installed on the top of the metal rod and the metal tube. The annular cavity formed by the outer side of the metal tube and the inner side of the charge frame is evenly filled with explosives, and the detonator is placed in the explosives at the top of the plug;

[0019] Step 4: Turn on the heating base to heat the metal tube and / or metal rod. After the heating is completed, detonate the detonator to explosion-weld the metal tube to the surface of the metal rod with the energy of the explosive explosion to form a composite rod blank;

[0020] Step 5: Nondestructive testing: ultrasonically inspect the composite bar blank after explosion welding, and mark or cut off the defective area;

[0021] Step 6: Size processing: According to different use conditions, the composite rod blank is machined to obtain a dissimilar metal rod joint or pipe joint that meets the design requirements.

[0022] Furthermore, in step 4, when the heating base is turned on for heating, ensure that the heating is above the ductile-brittle transition temperature of the metal tube and the metal rod.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the explosive welding device and welding method of a rare refractory metal layered composite material described in the present invention have the following advantages:

[0024] (1) By vertically placing the base metal rod and the composite metal tube on a heating base, both of them can be heated simultaneously before explosive welding, or one of the metal tube and the metal rod can be selectively heated. This can save the operation of moving the heated metal tube and rod to the explosive welding site, and can effectively avoid cracks in the refractory metal, thereby achieving the purpose of in-situ heating of rare refractory metals.

[0025] (2) When heating, heat is transferred from the bottom of the metal tube to the top, making the metal tube softer, effectively increasing the explosive welding process window and significantly reducing the required explosive load. Therefore, the amount of explosives required for explosive welding is small, which saves more energy and improves environmental protection. It is also beneficial to improve the bonding rate and bonding strength of the composite material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the metal tube and metal rod of the present invention being arranged in an explosion welding device.

[0028] Description of reference numerals:

[0029] 1. Detonator; 2. Plug; 3. Charge frame; 4. Explosives; 5. Metal rod; 6. Metal pipe; 7. Thermal insulation material; 8. Heating base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In addition, the directions involved in the following specific embodiments are briefly described: the directions or positional relationships indicated by "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom" and the like mentioned in the embodiments refer to the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and the term "on..." refers to being directly or indirectly supported by... elements.

[0031] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or mutual communication; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, an explosion welding device for rare refractory metal layered composite materials is used for explosion welding a metal rod 5 and a metal tube 6 to form a composite material. The explosion welding device includes a heating base 8 and a charge frame 3 arranged above the heating base 8. The interior of the charge frame 3 and the heating base 8 form a receiving space. The metal rod 5 and the metal tube 6 are vertically arranged above the heating base 8. The metal tube 6 is sleeved on the outside of the metal rod 5. The two are coaxially arranged and located in the receiving space. Explosives 4 are filled between the metal tube 6 and the charge frame 3.

[0033] The metal rod 5 and / or metal tube 6 are rare refractory metals. Rare refractory metals generally have a body-centered cubic (BCC) structure, and BCC metals have a "ductile-brittle transition temperature", that is, they are in a brittle state at room temperature, and will be converted into a ductile state after reaching a certain temperature. In conventional explosive welding of refractory metals, due to the large brittleness of refractory metals, the high strain rate generated by the high-speed collision of the metal rod 5 and the metal tube 6 through explosive welding will cause cracks in the rare refractory metal tube 6 or Mach cracks in the center of the rare refractory metal rod 5. Different from directly using explosives 4 to explosively weld metal rods 5 and metal tubes 6 to prepare composite materials, the present application uses a heating base 8 to heat the metal rod 5 and the metal tube 6 before explosive welding to break through the "ductile-brittle transition temperature", and the refractory metal is in a ductile state before explosive welding, which can effectively reduce or eliminate cracks and obtain high-quality explosively welded layered composite materials.

[0034] In addition, in the prior art, the substrate and the composite plate for preparing the composite plate are usually placed in a flat state. When heating, the heating device is placed under the substrate or above the composite plate. Electric heating is used to heat the large-width composite plate, and the temperature rises slowly. It is feasible to place a self-propagating heating agent under the substrate for heating, but it is not suitable for heating the composite plate. Moreover, after the substrate and the composite plate are heated by heat treatment, there will be a long cooling time during the process of transferring to the explosion welding site, making it difficult to control the temperature before explosion welding.

[0035] Since the metal rod 5 is cylindrical and the metal tube 6 is an annular structure, the conventional method of heating the plane of the composite plate is not suitable for the metal rod 5 and the metal tube 6. The present invention sets an explosion welding device with a heating base 8, and erects the metal rod 5 and the metal tube 6 above the heating base 8. The heating base 8 works to heat, so that the heat is gradually transferred from the bottom of the metal rod 5 and the metal tube 6 to the top, which conveniently realizes the heating of the two as a whole at one time or selectively heats one of the metal tube and the metal rod, and has the advantages of fast heating and high efficiency. In addition, since the explosive 4 is arranged between the metal tube 6 and the medicine frame 3, the explosion welding device of the present invention integrates heating and explosion welding. After continuous and optional heating, the tube-rod explosion welding can be directly performed, eliminating the operation of transferring the metal rod 5 and the metal tube 6 from the heating base 8 to the explosion welding site, avoiding the cooling caused by the transfer process, and more accurate control of the heating temperature.

[0036] As a preferred example of the present invention, the upper part of the heating base 8 and the outer wall of the metal tube 6 are provided with a heat insulating material 7 to reduce the heat loss to the outside during the heating process and improve the heating efficiency. The heat insulating material 7 provided on the upper part of the heating base 8 can also separate the explosive 4 from the heating base 8 to improve the safety of use. Furthermore, the heat insulating material 7 is an asbestos board.

[0037] Furthermore, the heating base 8 is electrically heated, which is not only simple to operate, but also convenient for controlling the heating process by turning on and off the power supply of the electric heating.

[0038] In order to facilitate the ignition of explosives 4, a plug 2 is provided on the top of the metal tube 6, explosives 4 are filled between the plug 2 and the explosive frame 3, and a detonator 1 is provided in the explosives 4 at the top of the plug 2. Further, the detonator 1 is an electronic digital detonator or an instantaneous detonating detonator, which improves the convenience and safety of use.

[0039] As a preferred example of the present invention, the medicine frame 3 is a structure with a lower opening at the bottom and an upper opening at the top, the lower opening is blocked by the heating base 8, and the upper opening is used to fill the explosive 4 and install the detonator 1. When the explosive welding device of the present invention is in use, the plug 2 is set after the metal rod 5 and the metal tube 6 are installed, the medicine frame 3 is buckled above the heating base 8, the metal rod 5 and the metal tube 6 are set in the accommodation space through the lower opening, and the accommodation space forms a sealed space with the help of the medicine frame 3 and the heating base 8, driving the metal tube 6 and the metal rod 5 to collide at high speed to complete the explosive welding process. The plug 2 controls the spacing between the metal tube 6 and the metal rod 5 at the top, and the first groove and the second groove control the spacing between the metal tube 6 and the metal rod 5 at the bottom, so as to ensure that the spacing between the metal tube 6 and the metal rod 5 is set according to the set process parameters as a whole, which is beneficial to the quality of the explosive welding. In addition, the plug 2 also has a blocking effect to prevent debris from affecting the quality of the composite interface.

[0040] Furthermore, the detonation velocity of the explosive 4 is 2000 m·s -1 ~3000m·s -1 .

[0041] Furthermore, the heating base 8 is provided with a first groove, a second groove and a third groove, the metal rod 5 is inserted into the first groove for realizing the installation of the metal rod 5 and the heating base 8, the metal tube 6 is inserted into the second groove for realizing the installation of the metal tube 6 and the heating base 8, and the medicine frame 3 is inserted into the third groove for realizing the installation of the medicine frame 3 and the heating base 8.

[0042] The present invention also provides a welding method for rare refractory metal layered composite materials, the welding method adopts the above-mentioned explosion welding device, and the welding method comprises the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Surface pretreatment of the metal rod 5 and the metal tube 6;

[0044] Specifically, in step 1, the outer surface of the metal rod 5 and the inner surface of the metal tube 6 are mechanically polished to remove oxide scale and dirt to reveal a bright metallic luster.

[0045] Step 2: Determine the static process parameters of explosion welding according to the diameter of the metal rod 5, the wall thickness of the metal tube 6 and related material properties; set a circular first groove on the heating base 8 according to the diameter of the metal rod 5; select a metal tube 6 with a corresponding inner diameter according to the static process parameter spacing, and then set a ring-shaped second groove on the heating base 8 according to the size of the metal tube 6; set a ring-shaped third groove on the heating base 8 according to the static process parameter charge thickness;

[0046] Specifically, in step 2, the static process parameters of the explosion welding at least include the distance between the metal rod 5 and the metal tube 6 and the laying thickness of the explosive 4 .

[0047] Step 3, according to the heating base 8 determined in step 2, the metal rod 5 and the metal tube 6 to be welded are respectively installed on the first groove and the second groove set outward from the center of the heating base 8, and the heat insulation material 7 is laid on the outer wall of the metal tube 6 and the top of the heating base. The plug 2 is installed on the top of the metal rod 5 and the metal tube 6, and the medicine frame 3 is installed on the third groove set outward from the center of the heating base 8. The annular cavity formed by the outer side of the metal tube 6 and the inner side of the medicine frame 3 is evenly filled with explosives 4 through the upper opening, and the detonator 1 is placed in the explosives 4 at the top of the plug 2;

[0048] Step 4: Turn on the heating base 8 to heat the metal tube 6 and / or the metal rod 5. After the heating is completed, detonator 1 is detonated to use the energy of the explosion of explosive 4 to explosion weld the metal tube 6 to the surface of the metal rod 5 to form a composite rod blank;

[0049] Specifically, in step 4, when the heating base 8 is turned on for heating, the heating temperature of the heating base 8 is set to be higher than the ductile-brittle transition temperature of the metal tube 6 and the metal rod 5 to be heated, ensuring that the metal tube 6 and the metal rod 5 are heated above the ductile-brittle transition temperature.

[0050] Step 5: Nondestructive testing: ultrasonically inspect the composite bar blank after explosion welding, and mark or cut off the defective area;

[0051] Step 6: Size processing: According to different use conditions, the composite rod blank is machined to obtain a dissimilar metal rod joint or pipe joint that meets the design requirements.

[0052] The explosive welding device and welding method of the rare refractory metal layered composite material of the present invention are adopted. By vertically setting the base metal rod 5 and the composite metal tube 6 on the heating base 8, the two are heated at the same time or one of them is heated before the explosive welding, which can save the operation of moving the heated metal tube rod to the explosive welding site, and can effectively avoid the refractory metal from cracking, so as to achieve the purpose of in-situ heating of the rare refractory metal. In addition, during heating, the heat is conducted from the bottom to the top of the metal tube rod, so that the state of the metal tube rod becomes soft, which effectively increases the explosive welding process window, and the required explosion load is significantly reduced. Therefore, the amount of explosive 4 required for explosive welding is small, which saves more energy and improves environmental protection. At the same time, it is also beneficial to improve the bonding rate and bonding strength of the layered composite material. Whether the metal rod 5 or the metal tube 6 is a rare refractory metal, or both are rare refractory metals, the present invention can be adopted to achieve the preparation of a rare refractory metal layered composite material with high efficiency, high quality and no cracks.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] The core molybdenum rod is Mo1, with a size of Ø20×520mm; the outer coating is TC4, with a size of Ø 外 30 / 2×500mm to prepare titanium alloy / molybdenum rods.

[0055] The medicine frame 3 is a flame retardant fire resistant tube with a size of Ø 外 94 / 2×520mm. Explosive 4 uses a high detonation velocity of 2300m / s.

[0056] The molybdenum rod is vertically mounted on the first groove of the heating base 8, the titanium alloy tube is vertically mounted on the second groove of the heating base 8, the plug 2 is installed on the top of the molybdenum rod and the titanium alloy tube, and the medicine frame 3 is vertically mounted on the third groove of the heating base 8. The spacing between the inner wall of the titanium alloy tube and the outer wall of the molybdenum rod is 3mm. A powdered emulsion mixed explosive 4 with a thickness of 30mm is filled from top to bottom between the medicine frame 3 and the titanium alloy tube. Before filling the explosive 4, insulating asbestos is laid on the outer periphery of the titanium alloy tube wall and the heating base 8. After the molybdenum rod and the titanium alloy tube are heated to above the tough-brittle transition temperature of the two by the heating base 8, an instantaneous detonating cord detonator 1 or an electronic digital detonator is used for detonation, thereby preparing a rare refractory metal rod joint or a pipe joint. The prepared finished product has high interface bonding strength and no cracking.

[0057] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An explosive welding device for rare refractory metal layered composite materials, used for explosive welding a metal rod (5) and a metal tube (6) to form a composite material, characterized in that: The explosive welding device comprises a heating base (8) and a charge frame (3) arranged above the heating base (8); the interior of the charge frame (3) and the heating base (8) form a receiving space; the metal rod (5) and the metal tube (6) are vertically arranged above the heating base (8); the metal tube (6) is sleeved on the outside of the metal rod (5); the two are coaxially arranged and located in the receiving space; explosives (4) are filled between the metal tube (6) and the charge frame (3); and the heating base (8) is used to heat the metal tube (6) and / or the metal rod (5).

2. The explosive welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the heating base (8) and the outer wall of the metal tube (6) are provided with a heat insulating material (7).

3. The explosion welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating base (8) is electrically heated.

4. The explosive welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plug (2) is arranged at the top of the metal tube (6), explosives (4) are filled between the plug (2) and the explosive frame (3), and a detonator (1) is arranged inside the explosives (4) at the top of the plug (2).

5. The explosive welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosive frame (3) is a structure having a lower opening at the bottom and an upper opening at the top, the lower opening being blocked by a heating base (8), and the upper opening being used for filling explosives (4) and installing detonators (1).

6. The explosive welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detonation velocity of the explosive (4) is 2000 m·s -1 ~3000m·s -1 .

7. The explosive welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating base (8) is provided with a first groove, a second groove and a third groove; the metal rod (5) is inserted into the first groove to realize the installation of the metal rod (5) and the heating base (8); the metal tube (6) is inserted into the second groove to realize the installation of the metal tube (6) and the heating base (8); and the medicine frame (3) is inserted into the third groove to realize the installation of the medicine frame (3) and the heating base (8).

8. A method for welding rare refractory metal layered composite materials, characterized in that: The welding method adopts the explosive welding device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the welding method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Surface pretreatment of the metal rod (5) and the metal tube (6); Step 2: determining static process parameters of explosive welding according to the diameter of the metal rod (5), the wall thickness of the metal tube (6) and related material properties; providing a circular first groove on the heating base (8) according to the diameter of the metal rod (5); selecting a metal tube (6) of a corresponding inner diameter according to the static process parameter spacing, and providing an annular second groove on the heating base (8) according to the size of the metal tube (6); providing an annular third groove on the heating base (8) according to the static process parameter charge thickness; Step 3, according to the heating base (8) determined in step 2, the metal rod (5) and the metal tube (6) to be welded are respectively installed on the first groove and the second groove arranged outward from the center of the heating base (8), and the heat insulation material (7) is laid on the outer wall of the metal tube (6) and the top of the heating base (8). The plug (2) is installed on the top of the metal rod (5) and the metal tube (6), and the charge frame (3) is installed on the third groove arranged outward from the center of the heating base (8). The annular cavity formed by the outer side of the metal tube (6) and the inner side of the charge frame (3) is evenly filled with explosives (4), and the detonator (1) is placed in the explosives (4) at the top of the plug (2); Step 4: Turn on the heating base (8) to heat the metal tube (6) and / or the metal rod (5); after the heating is completed, detonate the detonator (1) to use the energy of the explosion of the explosive (4) to explosion weld the metal tube (6) to the surface of the metal rod (5) to form a composite rod blank; Step 5: Nondestructive testing: ultrasonically inspect the composite bar blank after explosion welding, and mark or cut off the defective area; Step 6: Size processing: According to different use conditions, the composite rod blank is machined to obtain a dissimilar metal rod joint or pipe joint that meets the design requirements.

9. The welding method of rare refractory metal layered composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 4, when the heating base (8) is turned on for heating, it is ensured that the heating reaches a temperature above the ductile-brittle transition temperature of the metal tube (6) and the metal rod (5).

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