Fuel additive component, multifunctional fuel additive as well as preparation method and application of multifunctional fuel additive

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel additive component, a multifunctional fuel additive and a preparation method and application thereof. The fuel oil additive component is prepared from beta-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate; the beta-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate is prepared from the following raw materials: beta-cyclodextrin or a derivative thereof and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride. The beta-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate provided by the invention has the following advantages: the beta-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate has relatively high thermal stability; the molecular structure has a long alkyl chain (polyisobutylene chain), so that the polyisobutylene has good solubility in fuel oil; the hydrotropy and the dispersity are good, and the hydrotropy and the dispersity are high, and the hydrotropy and the dispersity are solubilized in fuel oil and dispersed into fine particles through the action of hydroxyl on a polar head group and oil sludge or sediment; the beta-cyclodextrin group in the molecular structure can be used as a carrier for inclusion of an organic metal compound, after the beta-cyclodextrin group is added into fuel oil, the beta-cyclodextrin group and the fuel oil are mixed and combusted, formed PM is tightly attached to the surface of a metal catalyst, and the PM combustion temperature is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel additives, and in particular to a fuel additive component, a multifunctional fuel additive, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to the increasing requirements of fuel oil machines and environmental protection, sometimes the change of processing route alone cannot meet the use requirements, and various additives must be added to improve the properties of oil products. Fuel additives are divided into anti-knock agents, antioxidants, metal passivators, anti-icing agents, antistatic agents, anti-wear and rust inhibitors, flow improvers, cetane number improvers, detergent dispersants, multi-effect additives, combustion aids, etc. According to the fuel used, it can be divided into gasoline additives, aviation kerosene additives, diesel additives and heavy fuel oil additives. The existing fuel additives on the market have a single function, and there are few multi-effect composite additives. They are mainly used to improve the combustion performance and cleanliness of oil products, and the effect in reducing the pollutant emissions of diesel vehicles is not obvious.

[0003] According to data released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, cars are the main contributors to motor vehicle air pollution emissions, with CO, NOx and PM emissions exceeding 90% and HC exceeding 80%. Diesel trucks, which account for 7.9% of the total number of cars, emit 60.0% of NOx and 84.6% of PM, and are the top priority for motor vehicle pollution prevention and control. Therefore, it is necessary to add additives to diesel to improve diesel quality and engine operation. Diesel detergents are based on detergent dispersants. Detergent dispersants are highly efficient surfactants. Their polar groups have a strong adsorption capacity for formed carbon deposits and sediments, which can gradually loosen carbon deposits and sediments and become small particles to be washed down. At the same time, detergent dispersants can prevent small particles from forming large particles and gathering on the metal surface, playing a cleaning role and protecting the normal operation of the engine. Diesel detergents can be divided into two categories according to whether they contain metal components: ash-type diesel detergents and ashless diesel detergents. Ash-type detergents have excellent combustion-supporting and smoke-removing effects, and can effectively inhibit the high-temperature cracking of diesel to form carbon particles and promote the full combustion of diesel. They mainly include sulfonate type, high-base boronated sulfonate type and salicylate type detergents. Among ash-free detergents, small molecule amines represented by succinimide were used the earliest, followed by hydrocarbon-substituted (poly)amines represented by polyisobutylene amine (PIBA), amides represented by polyisobutylene succinimide, polyether amine detergents and Mannich base detergents were developed one after another.

[0004] However, diesel detergents with a single main agent are increasingly unable to adapt to the differences in diesel quality and the advancement of engine technology. Amine (imide) detergents have a significant cleaning effect on fuel nozzle carbon deposits, but the cleaning effect on high-temperature components is not obvious; hydrocarbon-substituted (poly)amines, represented mainly by polyisobutylene amine, have excellent cleaning effects on fuel nozzle and intake valve carbon deposits, but have no effect on combustion chamber carbon deposits; Mannich detergents have good cleaning performance on engine intake systems and fuel nozzle deposits, but have a tendency to increase the formation of combustion chamber carbon deposits, and the amount of carbon deposits generated is related to its thermal stability; polyetheramine detergents have a unique effect on inhibiting combustion chamber carbon deposits, but polyetheramine detergents are more easily decomposed at high temperatures and have poor cleaning effects on high-temperature components. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multifunctional fuel additive that can overcome the above shortcomings. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a fuel additive component, a multifunctional fuel additive, and a preparation method and application thereof. The multifunctional fuel additive of the present invention comprises solvent oil, β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate, metal organic compound, acetylene glycol polyether and antioxidant. The multifunctional fuel additive of the present invention not only has good dispersibility and has the effect of reducing the accumulation amount of carbon deposits in vehicle engines, but also can effectively reduce the equilibrium point temperature, solve the passive regeneration failure of diesel engine particulate filter (DPF), reduce the number of active regenerations, and extend the regeneration mileage.

[0006] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a fuel additive component, which is β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate; the β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate is prepared from raw materials including the following components: β-cyclodextrin or its derivatives and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

[0008] The β-cyclodextrin derivative is at least one of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and hydroxyethyl-β-cyclodextrin; and / or,

[0009] The molecular weight of the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride is 500 to 5000, preferably 1000 to 3000; and / or,

[0010] The molar ratio of the β-cyclodextrin or its derivative to polyisobutylene succinic anhydride is 1 to 4:1, preferably 1 to 2.5:1.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

[0012] The preparation method of the β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate comprises: reacting β-cyclodextrin or its derivatives with polyisobutylene succinic anhydride in the presence of an acidic catalyst to obtain the β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

[0014] The acidic catalyst comprises at least one of p-toluenesulfonic acid, phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid; and / or,

[0015] The mass of the acid catalyst is 1-10% of the mass of β-cyclodextrin or its derivatives.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

[0017] The reaction temperature is 60-150°C; and / or, the reaction time is 3-18h; preferably,

[0018] The reaction is carried out under step-wise temperature increase, preferably stirring the reaction at 60-110° C. for 1-6 hours, and then raising the reaction temperature to 110-150° C. and continuing stirring the reaction for 2-12 hours.

[0019] The preparation method of the β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate preferably comprises the following steps:

[0020] β-cyclodextrin or its derivative and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride are taken in a molar ratio of 1 to 4:1, respectively dissolved in solvent A, and an acidic catalyst of 1 to 10% by mass of β-cyclodextrin or its derivative is added to the β-cyclodextrin or its derivative solution; then the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride solution is slowly dripped into a reaction kettle filled with β-cyclodextrin or its derivative solution, and stirred and reacted at 60 to 110° C. for 1 to 6 hours under the protection of nitrogen or argon, and then the reaction temperature is increased to 110 to 150° C. and the stirring reaction is continued for 2 to 12 hours. After the reaction is completed, an aqueous solution of alkali is added until the mixed solution is neutral, and solvent B is added for extraction, and the organic phase is distilled under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and the residue is β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate.

[0021] The solvent A is at least one of pyridine, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide and dimethyl sulfoxide, and its amount is 1 to 10 times the amount of the dissolved substance; and / or,

[0022] The solvent B is at least one of chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethane and carbon tetrachloride; and / or,

[0023] The aqueous solution of alkali includes at least one of aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate and potassium bicarbonate, and the mass concentration of the alkali is 0.1-5%.

[0024] The second object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional fuel additive, comprising the following components:

[0025] 1) Solvent oil;

[0026] 2) The fuel additive component which is one of the objects of the present invention;

[0027] 3) Metal organic compounds;

[0028] 4) acetylenic glycol polyethers;

[0029] 5) Antioxidants.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

[0031] Each component is calculated based on 100 parts by weight of solvent oil.

[0032] β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate 10 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight;

[0033] 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of the metal organic compound; preferably 2 to 10 parts by weight;

[0034] 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of acetylene glycol polyether; preferably 1 to 8 parts by weight;

[0035] Antioxidant 0.1 to 2 parts by weight; preferably 0.5 to 1 part by weight.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

[0037] The structural formula of the acetylene glycol polyether is as follows:

[0038]

[0039] Wherein, R2 and R3 are methyl groups, R1 and R4 are the same or different and are independently selected from alkyl groups containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms; m1 and m2 are the same or different, m1+m2=0 to 16, n1 and n2 are the same or different, n1+n2=0 to 20, and m1, m2, n1, and n2 are not 0 at the same time; (the acetylene glycol polyether is preferably prepared by the method in Chinese Patent No. 202211702264.2, which is incorporated herein in its entirety); and / or,

[0040] The solvent oil is an alkane solvent oil with a boiling range of 60 to 200° C., an aromatic solvent oil with a boiling range of 60 to 200° C., a C6 to C 12 At least one of alkyl alcohols; and / or

[0041] The metal organic compound is at least one of iron naphthenate, iron petrolate, saturated or unsaturated fatty acid iron with a carbon number of 6 to 22, cerium naphthenate, cerium petrolate, saturated or unsaturated fatty acid cerium with a carbon number of 6 to 22, crown ether iron complex, porphyrin iron complex, crown ether platinum complex, porphyrin platinum complex, and ferrocene; and / or,

[0042] The antioxidant is at least one of phenylenediamine, alkylphenylenediamine, p-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.

[0043] Conventional components in the art, such as conventional polyether, etc., may also be added to the formula of the multifunctional fuel additive of the present invention. The dosage thereof is also conventional, and the technicians may adjust it according to the actual situation.

[0044] The third object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the multifunctional fuel additive of the second object of the present invention, comprising uniformly mixing components including solvent oil, β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate, metal organic compounds, acetylene glycol polyether and antioxidant to obtain the multifunctional fuel additive.

[0045] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a fuel additive according to the second object of the present invention or a fuel additive prepared by the method according to the third object of the present invention for use in diesel vehicle fuel.

[0046] The multifunctional fuel additive is mixed with the fuel in a ratio of 1 / 10000 to 1 / 10 for use.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0048] The molecular structure of β-cyclodextrin is composed of 7 glucoses connected by α-1,4 glycosidic bonds. Each glucose takes a chair conformation and has a slightly truncated cone-shaped cylindrical structure. The small end is composed of 7 primary hydroxyl groups at the C6 position, and the large end is composed of 14 secondary hydroxyl groups at the C2 and C3 positions. Therefore, its outer edge is hydrophilic and the inner cavity is hydrophobic. The hydrophobic cavity in the cylinder can absorb hydrophobic small molecules or groups of a certain size and shape to form a stable non-covalent complex, which can be included with a variety of guests to form inclusion complexes.

[0049] The β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate generated by the reaction of the hydroxyl group of β-cyclodextrin with polyisobutylene succinic anhydride is a high molecular surfactant, which has β-cyclodextrin as the polar head, succinate as the connecting group, and polyisobutylene as the lipophilic group. The molecular weight of the polyisobutylene group is 500-5000, and it has a special branched structure. β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate has the following advantages as the main agent of multifunctional fuel additive: (1) The high molecular surfactant formed by the combination of β-cyclodextrin and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride has high thermal stability; (2) Due to the long alkyl chain (polyisobutylene chain) in the molecular structure, β-cyclodextrin combined with polyisobutylene succinic anhydride can have good solubility in fuel oil; (3) The high molecular surfactant formed by the combination of β-cyclodextrin and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride has good solubility and dispersibility. Through the hydroxyl group on the polar head group, it interacts with sludge or sediment to solubilize it in the fuel and disperse it into fine particles; (4) The β-cyclodextrin group in the molecular structure of β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate can be used as a carrier to encapsulate organic metal compounds. After being added to the fuel, it is mixed with the fuel and burned. The PM formed is tightly attached to the surface of the metal catalyst, thereby reducing the combustion temperature of the PM.

[0050] The multifunctional fuel additive of the present invention is used by mixing the additive with the fuel at a ratio of 1 / 10000 to 1 / 10, has good solubility, has good dispersibility, has the effect of reducing the accumulation of carbon deposits in vehicle engines, and can effectively reduce the equilibrium point temperature, solve the passive regeneration failure of the diesel engine particulate filter (DPF), reduce the number of active regenerations, and extend the regeneration mileage; in addition, the acetylene glycol polyether has low foaming and defoaming properties, is not easy to foam during use, and the acetylene glycol surfactant can be firmly adsorbed on the metal surface to inhibit the corrosion of the metal wall of the exhaust pipe and the like at high temperature. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It is necessary to point out that the following embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made to the present invention by those skilled in the art based on the contents of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] The raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional commercially available raw materials.

[0053] Preparation of decynediol polyoxyethylene (4) ether in Example 1:

[0054] (1) Preparation of nanocatalyst (Mg / Al / Co composite metal oxide catalyst):

[0055] Prepare a mixed solution I of NaOH and Na2CO3 with a molar concentration of 2:1 (the volume of mixed solution I is 100 mL, wherein the molar concentration of Na2CO3 is 0.5 mol / L), prepare a mixed solution II of Mg(NO3)2 and Al(NO3)3 with a molar concentration of 3:1 (the volume of mixed solution II is 100 mL, wherein the molar concentration of Al(NO3)3 is 0.5 mol / L), prepare a CoNO3 solution of equal volume to that of mixed solution II, and its concentration is 1 / 5 of the molar concentration of Al(NO3)3 in the reaction mixture; keep the CoNO3 solution at a constant temperature of 60°C, and add mixed solution I and mixed solution II thereto simultaneously under vigorous stirring, and control the pH value to be 8.5-9.5 during the addition process; after the addition is completed, stir the reaction solution at a constant temperature for 30 minutes, and then put it into a 100°C oven for crystallization for 12 hours; the crystallized slurry is filtered and washed until the filtrate becomes neutral, and the filter cake is placed in an oven for drying; the dried solid is ball-milled in a ball mill to obtain a Mg / Al / Co composite metal oxide catalyst.

[0056] (2) 0.2 mol of tetramethyldecynediol (abbreviated as TMAD10, the structural formula of tetramethyldecynediol is: wherein R2 and R3 are -CH3, and R1 and R4 are both -CH2CH(CH3)2) and 0.9 g of the Mg / Al / Co composite metal oxide catalyst obtained in the above step (1) are put into a high-pressure reactor, stirred evenly, the air in the reactor is replaced with nitrogen three times, and the high-pressure reactor is evacuated for 30 min at 80° C. using a vacuum pump, and the evacuation is stopped; 0.8 mol of ethylene oxide is slowly introduced into the reactor through a feed pipe, and the temperature of the reactor is increased to 115° C., the pressure in the reactor is controlled at about 0.20 MPa, and the reaction is stirred for 4 hours; the reaction is stopped after the pressure in the reactor drops to negative pressure, the reaction mixture is taken out, and the nanocatalyst is removed by microporous membrane filtration to obtain decynediol polyoxyethylene (4) ether (TMAD10-EO4);

[0057] The structural formula of the above-mentioned decynediol polyoxyethylene (4) ether (TMAD10-EO4) is: Among them, R2 and R3 are -CH3, R1 and R4 are both -CH2CH(CH3)2, m1+m2=4, n1+n2=0.

[0058] Preparation of decynediol polyoxyethylene (8) polyoxypropylene (4) ether in Example 2:

[0059] (1) Changing the feeding amount of ethylene oxide in the above step to 1.6 mol, to obtain decynediol polyoxyethylene (8) ether (TMAD10-EO8) with an EO (C2H4O) number of 8;

[0060] The structural formula of the above-mentioned decynediol polyoxyethylene (8) ether (TMAD10-EO8) is: Wherein, R2 and R3 are -CH3, R1 and R4 are both -CH2CH(CH3)2, m1+m2=8, n1+n2=0;

[0061] (2) 0.1 mol TMAD10-EO8 and 0.8 g of the Mg / Al / Co composite metal oxide catalyst obtained in the above step (1) are put into a high-pressure reactor, stirred evenly, the air in the reactor is replaced with nitrogen for 3 times, and the high-pressure reactor is evacuated with a vacuum pump at 80° C. for 30 min, and the evacuation is stopped; 0.4 mol propylene oxide is introduced into the reactor through a feed pipe, and the temperature of the reactor is increased to 125° C., the pressure in the reactor is controlled at about 0.3 MPa, and the reaction is stirred for 12 h; the reaction is stopped after the pressure in the reactor drops to negative pressure, the reaction mixture is taken out, and the nanocatalyst is removed by microporous membrane filtration to obtain decynediol polyoxyethylene (8) polyoxypropylene (4) ether (TMAD10-EO8-PO4);

[0062] The structural formula of the above-mentioned decynediol polyoxyethylene (8) polyoxypropylene (4) ether (TMAD10-EO8-PO4) is:

[0063] Among them, R2 and R3 are -CH3, R1 and R4 are both -CH2CH(CH3)2, m1+m2=8, n1+n2=4.

[0064] Preparation of dodecynediol polyoxyethylene (8) ether in Example 3:

[0065] The tetramethyldecynediol in the above step is replaced by tetramethyldodecynediol (abbreviated as TMAD12, the structural formula of tetramethyldodecynediol is: Among them, R2 and R3 are -CH3, R1 and R4 are both -CH2CH2CH(CH3)2), and the feeding amounts of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are adjusted at the same time to obtain dodecyne diol polyoxyethylene (8) ether (TMAD12-EO8) with an EO number of 8.

[0066] The structure of the acetylene glycol polyether in the present invention is obtained by theoretical calculation based on the reaction principle and the amount of the added raw materials.

[0067] The fuel additives in the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples were tested as follows:

[0068] (1) Solubility test method of multifunctional fuel additive: The multifunctional fuel additive of the embodiment and the comparative example was mixed with diesel in a volume ratio of 1:10, and then left for 12 months to observe whether stratification or precipitation occurred.

[0069] (2) The low-temperature dispersibility of the multifunctional fuel additive was tested by the sludge spot dispersion test method, and the low-temperature dispersibility of the dispersant was evaluated by the sludge spot dispersion value SDT. The larger the SDT value, the better the sludge dispersibility of the dispersant at low temperatures. The sludge dispersibility test was carried out according to the SH / T 0623-95 procedure, and the STD values ​​were tested before adding the fuel additive and after adding 10% of the fuel additive of the embodiment and the comparative example.

[0070] (3) The nozzle coking test was carried out according to the method and technical requirements specified in SH / T 0764 "Diesel Engine Nozzle Coking Test Method (XUD-9 Method)", and the average air flow loss at a needle valve lift of 0.1 mm in cylinders 1 to 4 was measured before adding the fuel additive and after adding the fuel additive of the embodiment and the comparative example at a volume ratio of the fuel additive to the diesel of 1:1000.

[0071] (4) A bench test was conducted using a Weichai WP13 heavy-duty diesel engine. The bench test device included a diesel engine, a dynamometer, a post-processing device system including a DOC, a particulate filter (DPF) and an SCR, and a data acquisition system. The exhaust temperature was adjusted by adjusting the engine operating point to measure the DPF deposit equilibrium point temperature. The measurement started at 300°C and increased by 20°C each time until it ended at 440°C. The continuous passive regeneration equilibrium point temperature was determined by measuring the pressure difference change across the DPF. For the same post-processing device (DPF including a catalyst coating), the equilibrium point temperature was tested before adding the fuel additive and when the fuel additives of the embodiment and the comparative example were added to the diesel at a volume ratio of 1:100.

[0072] (5) A small truck equipped with a 2.0L CTI diesel engine was used for the actual vehicle test. The DPF volume of the vehicle was 3.3L, the maximum carbon load was calibrated to be 20g, and the vehicle had a regeneration interval of about 500km. Before the test, it was estimated that the DPF would trigger regeneration after the vehicle had traveled about 400 kilometers. The actual mileage of DPF triggering regeneration was tested after adding the fuel additives of the embodiment and the comparative example (the added concentration was 10mg / kg (based on metal content)) to the diesel.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] Preparation of β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate: β-cyclodextrin and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride with a molecular weight of 1400 are taken in a molar ratio of 1:1, and are dissolved in tetrahydrofuran respectively (the mass fractions of β-cyclodextrin and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride in tetrahydrofuran are both 50%), and a p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst of 5% by mass of β-cyclodextrin is added to the β-cyclodextrin solution; then the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride solution is slowly dripped into a reactor containing the β-cyclodextrin solution, and the mixture is stirred at 80° C. for 4 hours under nitrogen protection, and then the reaction temperature is increased to 110° C. and the stirring reaction is continued for 8 hours; after the reaction is completed, a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 1% is added until the mixed solution is neutral, dichloromethane is added for extraction, the aqueous phase is separated and discarded, and the organic phase is distilled under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and the residue is β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate;

[0075] Preparation of β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate multifunctional fuel additive:

[0076] 35 parts by weight of β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate, 100 parts by weight of 6# solvent oil, 10 parts by weight of iron oleate, 2.5 parts by weight of decynediol polyoxyethylene ether (4) ether, and 0.6 parts by weight of p-phenylenediamine were mixed uniformly at 50°C to prepare a multifunctional fuel additive-I#. The performance test data of the multifunctional fuel additive-I# are shown in Table 1.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] Preparation of hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate: hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride with a molecular weight of 2400 were taken in a molar ratio of 1.5:1, and dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (the mass fractions of β-cyclodextrin and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride in N,N-dimethylformamide were both 40%), and p-toluenesulfonic acid catalyst with a mass fraction of 2.5% of hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin was added to the hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin solution; then The polyisobutylene succinic anhydride solution is slowly dripped into a reactor containing a hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin solution, and the mixture is stirred at 100°C for 6 hours under nitrogen protection, and then the reaction temperature is increased to 140°C and the stirring reaction is continued for 10 hours; after the reaction is completed, a sodium carbonate aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 4% is added until the mixed solution is neutral, and dichloroethane is added for extraction, the aqueous phase is separated and discarded, and the organic phase is distilled under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and the residue is hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate;

[0079] Preparation of β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate multifunctional fuel additive:

[0080] 45 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate, 100 parts by weight of 120# solvent oil, 6 parts by weight of iron cyclohexaneate, 8 parts by weight of decynediol polyoxyethylene (8) polyoxypropylene (4) ether, and 0.8 parts by weight of p-tert-butylphenol were mixed uniformly at 40°C to prepare multifunctional fuel additive-II#. The performance test data of multifunctional fuel additive-II# are shown in Table 1.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] Preparation of hydroxyethyl β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate: hydroxyethyl β-cyclodextrin and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride with a molecular weight of 1400 are taken in a molar ratio of 2.2:1, and are respectively dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (the mass fractions of β-cyclodextrin and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride in dimethyl sulfoxide are both 60%), and a phosphoric acid catalyst (purity ≥ 85.0%) of 5% by mass of hydroxyethyl β-cyclodextrin is added to the hydroxyethyl β-cyclodextrin solution; then the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride solution is slowly dripped into a reactor containing hydroxyethyl β-cyclodextrin solution, and the reaction is stirred at 110° C. for 3 hours under nitrogen protection, and then the reaction temperature is increased to 140° C. and the stirring reaction is continued for 6 hours; after the reaction is completed, a potassium hydroxide aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 1% is added until the mixed solution is neutral, dichloromethane is added for extraction, the aqueous phase is separated and discarded, and the organic phase is distilled under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and the residue is hydroxyethyl β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate;

[0083] Preparation of β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate multifunctional fuel additive:

[0084] 30 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate, 100 parts by weight of 200# solvent oil, 10 parts by weight of cerium cyclohexaneate, 5 parts by weight of dodecyne glycol polyoxyethylene (8) ether, and 1 part by weight of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol are mixed uniformly at 50°C to prepare multifunctional fuel additive-III#. The performance test data of multifunctional fuel additive-III# are shown in Table 1.

[0085] Comparative Example 1

[0086] Preparation of β-cyclodextrin and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride composite additive:

[0087] 15.7 parts by weight of β-cyclodextrin, 19.3 parts by weight of polyisobutylene succinic anhydride with a molecular weight of 1400, 100 parts by weight of 6# solvent oil, 10 parts by weight of iron oleate, 2.5 parts by weight of decynediol polyoxyethylene ether (4) ether (m=2), and 0.6 parts by weight of p-phenylenediamine are mixed at 50°C, and the insoluble β-cyclodextrin is removed by filtration. The residue is β-cyclodextrin and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride fuel additive-IV#. The performance test data of fuel additive-IV# are shown in Table 1.

[0088] Table 1 Comparison of fuel additive performance test data between the embodiment and the comparative example

[0089]

Claims

1. A fuel additive component, which is β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate; the β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate is prepared from raw materials including the following components: β-cyclodextrin or its derivatives and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride.

2. The fuel additive component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The β-cyclodextrin derivative is at least one of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and hydroxyethyl-β-cyclodextrin; and / or, The molecular weight of the polyisobutylene succinic anhydride is 500 to 5000, preferably 1000 to 3000; and / or, The molar ratio of the β-cyclodextrin or its derivative to polyisobutylene succinic anhydride is 1 to 4:1, preferably 1 to 2.5:

1.

3. The fuel additive component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate comprises: reacting β-cyclodextrin or its derivatives with polyisobutylene succinic anhydride in the presence of an acidic catalyst to obtain the β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate.

4. The fuel additive component according to claim 3, characterized in that: The acidic catalyst comprises at least one of p-toluenesulfonic acid, phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid; and / or, The mass of the acid catalyst is 1-10% of the mass of β-cyclodextrin or its derivatives.

5. The fuel additive component according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reaction temperature is 60-150°C; and / or, the reaction time is 3-18h; preferably, The reaction is carried out under step-wise temperature increase, preferably stirring the reaction at 60-110° C. for 1-6 hours, and then raising the reaction temperature to 110-150° C. and continuing stirring the reaction for 2-12 hours.

6. A multifunctional fuel additive comprising the following components: 1) Solvent oil; 2) The fuel additive component according to any one of claims 1 to 5; 3) Metal organic compounds; 4) acetylenic glycol polyethers; 5) Antioxidants.

7. The multifunctional fuel additive according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each component is calculated based on 100 parts by weight of solvent oil. β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate 10 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 50 parts by weight; 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of the metal organic compound; preferably 2 to 10 parts by weight; 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of acetylene glycol polyether; preferably 1 to 8 parts by weight; Antioxidant 0.1 to 2 parts by weight; preferably 0.5 to 1 part by weight.

8. The multifunctional fuel additive according to claim 6, characterized in that: The structural formula of the acetylene glycol polyether is as follows: Wherein, R2 and R3 are methyl groups, R1 and R4 are the same or different and are independently selected from alkyl groups containing 3 to 8 carbon atoms; m1 and m2 are the same or different, m1+m2=0 to 16, n1 and n2 are the same or different, n1+n2=0 to 20, and m1, m2, n1, and n2 are not 0 at the same time; and / or, The solvent oil is an alkane solvent oil with a boiling range of 60 to 200° C., an aromatic solvent oil with a boiling range of 60 to 200° C., a C6 to C 12 At least one of alkyl alcohols; and / or The metal organic compound is at least one of iron naphthenate, iron petrolate, saturated or unsaturated fatty acid iron with a carbon number of 6 to 22, cerium naphthenate, cerium petrolate, saturated or unsaturated fatty acid cerium with a carbon number of 6 to 22, crown ether iron complex, porphyrin iron complex, crown ether platinum complex, porphyrin platinum complex, and ferrocene; and / or, The antioxidant is at least one of phenylenediamine, alkylphenylenediamine, p-tert-butylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol.

9. A method for preparing the multifunctional fuel additive as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 8, comprising uniformly mixing components including solvent oil, β-cyclodextrin modified polyisobutylene succinate, metal organic compound, acetylene glycol polyether and antioxidant to obtain the multifunctional fuel additive.

10. Use of the multifunctional fuel additive according to any one of claims 6 to 8 or the fuel additive prepared by the method of claim 9 in diesel vehicle fuel.

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