Inerter nonlinear energy trap with multi-stage adjustable inertial mass and vibration reduction system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machinery and civil engineering, and provides an inerter nonlinear energy trap with multi-stage adjustable inerter and a vibration reduction system.The inerter nonlinear energy trap with the multi-stage adjustable inerter comprises a shell used for being fixedly installed on a main structure, and an installation cavity is formed in the shell; the liquid inerter comprises a cylinder barrel, a piston and a piston rod, the cylinder barrel is filled with liquid, the piston is fixedly connected with the shell through the piston rod, the piston divides the cylinder barrel into two cavities, the cylinder barrel is provided with a plurality of liquid channels, the liquid channels are communicated with the two cavities, and each liquid channel is provided with a valve; the elastic piece is connected between the cylinder barrel and the shell and used for providing elastic force in the axial direction of the cylinder barrel for the cylinder barrel. The multi-stage adjustable inerter nonlinear energy trap with the inertial mass can keep excellent vibration reduction performance under the conditions of large amplitude and high-frequency vibration, has flexible energy absorption and vibration dissipation capabilities, remarkably enhances the adaptive capacity of the energy trap to vibration of different frequencies and amplitudes, and improves the vibration reduction effect of the energy trap in a complex and multi-band vibration environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machinery and civil engineering, and in particular to a nonlinear energy well with multi-level adjustable inertia and capacity and a vibration reduction system. Background Art

[0002] Mechanical equipment will generate various forms of vibration during operation, which will not only affect the performance of the equipment, especially high-precision equipment, but may also cause fatigue damage to the equipment and even cause safety hazards. Structures such as buildings and bridges will also generate vibrations under the action of earthquakes, wind loads, etc. If they cannot be effectively controlled, they may cause structural damage, thus affecting their service performance and safety.

[0003] Vibration control is an effective means to reduce vibration response and improve the safety and reliability of equipment or structures. At present, common vibration control methods include passive control, semi-active control and active control. Passive control reduces vibration by adding dampers or adopting special structural designs; semi-active control achieves vibration control through smart materials or adjustable dampers; active control uses sensors and actuators to perform feedback control based on real-time monitored vibration signals, thereby achieving active vibration suppression. Studies have shown that these three types of vibration control methods can effectively suppress excessive vibration responses of mechanical equipment and structures.

[0004] Reliable passive vibration control is essential to improve the safety of equipment and structures in large machinery, bridges, buildings and other structures. Among them, the nonlinear energy sink (NES) has an excellent vibration reduction effect in a wide frequency band. NES achieves effective transmission and dissipation of vibration energy through nonlinear dynamic characteristics. The vibration energy of the main structure is transmitted to the NES through nonlinear springs and damping, and the excess vibration energy is absorbed and dissipated through the mass block.

[0005] However, traditional nonlinear energy wells have limited effects when dealing with complex, multi-band vibrations and cannot provide flexible energy absorption and vibration dissipation capabilities. At the same time, the need to introduce a large additional mass increases the overall mass of the system, resulting in an increase in the dead load of the structure, which can easily cause stress concentration, structural deformation, and increased fatigue risk in structural components, shortening the service life. And relying on energy coupling with specific modes of the main structure, it only exhibits a significant vibration suppression effect when it is close to the set resonant frequency. The mass, stiffness, and damping coefficient of the oscillator are determined in the design stage to match the specific vibration natural frequency. When the frequency of the external excitation deviates from the set resonant frequency or exhibits multi-frequency randomness, the energy absorption efficiency of the nonlinear energy well will be significantly reduced. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a nonlinear energy sink with multi-level adjustable inertia and capacity and a vibration reduction system, so as to solve the problem that the nonlinear energy sink in the prior art has limited effect in dealing with complex and multi-band vibrations and cannot provide flexible energy absorption and vibration dissipation capabilities.

[0007] The present invention provides a nonlinear energy sink with multi-level adjustable inertia and capacity, comprising: A housing, used for fixed installation on the main structure, wherein a mounting cavity is formed in the housing; A liquid inertia container, comprising a cylinder, a piston and a piston rod, wherein the cylinder is filled with liquid, the piston is fixedly connected to the housing through the piston rod, the piston divides the cylinder into two chambers, the cylinder is provided with a plurality of liquid channels, the liquid channels communicate with the two chambers, and each of the liquid channels is provided with a valve; The elastic member is connected between the cylinder and the housing and is used for providing the cylinder with elastic force along the axial direction of the cylinder.

[0008] According to the inertia multi-stage adjustable inertia nonlinear energy well provided by the present invention, the liquid channel is a spiral channel coaxially arranged with the cylinder.

[0009] According to the inertia multi-stage adjustable inertia nonlinear energy well provided by the present invention, at least one of the pitch, spiral radius and cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid channel is different.

[0010] According to the inertia multi-stage adjustable inertia nonlinear energy well provided by the present invention, the outer wall of the cylinder is sleeved with a spiral pipe, and the liquid channel is formed in the spiral pipe.

[0011] According to the present invention, a nonlinear energy well with multi-stage adjustable inertia and capacitance also includes a joint assembly, through which both ends of the spiral pipe are detachably connected to the shell.

[0012] According to a nonlinear energy sink with multi-stage adjustable inertia and capacitance provided by the present invention, the elastic member is an elastic film, the elastic film is fixedly connected to the shell, and the cylinder barrel axially penetrates the elastic film and is fixedly connected to the elastic film.

[0013] According to a nonlinear energy sink with multi-stage adjustable inertia provided by the present invention, there are multiple liquid inertia containers, the multiple liquid inertia containers are arranged at intervals along the axial direction, the multiple liquid inertia containers are connected in sequence through the piston rod, and the cylinder of each liquid inertia container is connected to the shell through an elastic film.

[0014] According to a nonlinear energy well with multi-stage adjustable inertia and capacitance provided by the present invention, the shell includes a first shell and a second shell, the first shell and the second shell are butted together to form the installation cavity, and the elastic film is fixed between the first shell and the second shell.

[0015] According to the inertia-capacitance nonlinear energy well with multi-stage adjustable inertia provided by the present invention, the two axial ends of the piston are fixedly connected to the housing through the piston rod.

[0016] The present invention also provides a nonlinear energy well vibration reduction system, comprising: a control system and any one of the above-mentioned nonlinear energy wells with multi-stage adjustable inertia and capacity, wherein the valves on the plurality of liquid channels are respectively connected to the control system for communication.

[0017] The inertia-capacitance nonlinear energy well and vibration reduction system with multi-level adjustable inertia provided by the present invention is provided with a liquid inertia container and an elastic member in a shell, the liquid inertia container is connected to the shell through the elastic member, the nonlinear stiffness characteristics of the elastic member are utilized, and the incompressibility and flow of the liquid in the liquid inertia container are utilized to generate inertia force, so that the equivalent mass of the nonlinear energy well is increased without significantly increasing the actual mass, the mass amplification effect is achieved, and excellent vibration reduction performance can be maintained under large amplitude and high frequency vibration conditions. Through the design of multiple liquid channels and valves thereon, dynamic adjustment of the inertia-capacitance characteristics of the liquid inertia container is achieved, so that the nonlinear energy well has flexible energy absorption and vibration dissipation capabilities, significantly enhancing the adaptability of the energy well to vibrations of different frequencies and amplitudes, and improving its vibration reduction effect in complex, multi-band vibration environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a perspective structural diagram of the inertia-capacitance nonlinear energy well with multi-level adjustable inertia provided by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the inertia-capacitance nonlinear energy well with multi-stage adjustable inertia provided by the present invention.

[0021] Reference numerals: 1. Shell; 2. Liquid inertia container; 21. Cylinder; 211. First chamber; 212. Second chamber; 22. Piston; 23. Piston rod; 24. Spiral pipe; 241. Liquid channel; 241a. First spiral channel; 241b. Second spiral channel; 25. Valve; 25a. First valve; 25b. Second valve; 3. Elastic member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "first" and "second" are for the purpose of clearly describing the numbering of product components and do not represent any substantial difference. The terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0024] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 2 The invention describes the inertia multi-level adjustable inertia capacity nonlinear energy sink and vibration reduction system.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, the inertia nonlinear energy sink with multi-stage adjustable inertia provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a shell 1, a liquid inertia container 2 and an elastic member 3. The shell 1 is used for fixed installation on the main structure, and a mounting cavity is formed in the shell 1. The liquid inertia container 2 includes a cylinder 21, a piston 22 and a piston rod 23. The cylinder 21 is filled with liquid, and the piston 22 is fixedly connected to the shell 1 through the piston rod 23. The piston 22 divides the cylinder 21 into two chambers. The cylinder 21 is provided with a plurality of liquid channels 241, and the liquid channels 241 communicate with the two chambers. A valve 25 is provided on each liquid channel 241. The elastic member 3 is connected between the cylinder 21 and the shell 1, and is used to provide the cylinder 21 with an elastic force along the axial direction of the cylinder.

[0026] The two ends of the piston 22 are respectively surrounded by the cylinder 21 to form a first chamber 211 and a second chamber 212, and the two ends of the liquid channel 241 are connected to the two chambers in a one-to-one correspondence. When the cylinder 21 is filled with liquid, the liquid channel 241 is also filled with liquid. When the cylinder 21 and the piston 22 move relative to each other in the axial direction, the liquid in one chamber is squeezed and flows to the other chamber through the liquid channel 241.

[0027] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, the two ends of the piston 22 in the axial direction are fixedly connected to the housing 1 through the piston rod 23. Among them, the two ends of the cylinder barrel 21 in the axial direction are movably sleeved on the piston rod 23 at the two ends of the piston 22. The cylinder barrel 21 is a cylindrical cylinder barrel, and the cylinder barrel 21, the piston 22 and the piston rod 23 are coaxially arranged, and the cross-sections of the piston rod 23 at both ends are the same. A sealing ring and a guide ring are arranged between the piston rod 23 and the cylinder barrel 21 to ensure the sealing of the liquid in the cylinder barrel 21 and the smooth movement of the piston rod 23.

[0028] The elastic member 3 acts as a nonlinear element, i.e., an oscillator, and provides nonlinear stiffness characteristics. The elastic member 3 exhibits lower stiffness under small deformation, and the stiffness increases rapidly under large deformation. This nonlinear characteristic makes the device exhibit nonlinear behavior under high-amplitude vibration, which helps to transfer the vibration energy of the main structure to the nonlinear energy sink and achieve energy dissipation.

[0029] The inertia-capacitance nonlinear energy well with multi-stage adjustable inertia is installed on the main structure through the shell 1. When the main structure vibrates, the cylinder 21 lags behind the movement of the shell 1 due to inertia, causing the piston 22 to move relative to the cylinder 21, resulting in deformation of the elastic member 3. Then the elastic member 3 drives the cylinder 21 to move axially relative to the piston 22, and the liquid is squeezed into the liquid channel 241 by the piston 22. The flow of the liquid in the liquid channel 241 is affected by the viscous resistance, resulting in energy dissipation; at the same time, the flow of the liquid in the liquid channel 241 needs to overcome its own inertia, generating inertial force and achieving the inertia-capacitance effect.

[0030] When subjected to external vibration excitation, the cylinder 21 of the liquid inertia container 2 can reciprocate axially relative to the housing 1 under the action of the elastic member 3. At the same time, the piston 22 of the liquid inertia container 2 reciprocates axially relative to the cylinder 21, so that the liquid in the cylinder 21 flows back and forth between the two chambers through the liquid channel 241, and the inertia of the liquid is used to resist the external vibration, thereby realizing vibration control.

[0031] For a single-degree-of-freedom vibration system with mass m and stiffness k, its natural angular frequency is: (1) After the introduction of the liquid inertia container 2, the dynamic characteristics of the system have changed. The liquid inertia container 2 generates force through the relative acceleration at both ends, which increases the equivalent mass of the system but does not increase the actual mass. The new natural angular frequency is: (2) Wherein, b is the inertia coefficient of the liquid inertia container 2, and its dimension is mass (kg). By increasing the inertia coefficient b, the natural frequency of the system can be reduced, so that it resonates at a specific frequency, thereby effectively reducing vibration and achieving vibration control.

[0032] There are multiple liquid channels 241, each of which is provided with a valve 25. The opening and closing of the liquid channel 241 is realized by opening and closing the valve 25. The valve 25 may be a solenoid valve or a hydraulic valve. The opening and closing of the valve 25 is controlled by a controller, thereby realizing the opening and closing control of different numbers of liquid channels 241, and realizing the adjustment of the inertia coefficient of the liquid inertia container 2. In application, the valves 25 on the corresponding number of liquid channels 241 can be controlled to open according to the actual vibration environment to adapt to the vibration environment of different frequencies and amplitudes.

[0033] The valve 25 can be integrated with the intelligent control system through a programming interface to realize an automated and intelligent control strategy. The opening of the valve 25 can also be controlled by the intelligent control system to accurately adjust the flow amount and flow speed of the liquid in each liquid channel 241.

[0034] The inertia-capacitance nonlinear energy well with multi-level adjustable inertia provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a liquid inertia container 2 and an elastic member 3 in a housing 1, and the liquid inertia container 2 is connected to the housing 1 through the elastic member 3, and the nonlinear stiffness characteristics of the elastic member 3 are utilized, and the incompressibility and flow of the liquid in the liquid inertia container 2 are utilized to generate inertia force, so that the equivalent mass of the nonlinear energy well is increased without significantly increasing the actual mass, and the mass amplification effect is achieved, and excellent vibration reduction performance can be maintained under large amplitude and high frequency vibration conditions. Through the design of multiple liquid channels 241 and the valves 25 thereon, the inertia-capacitance characteristics of the liquid inertia container 2 are dynamically adjusted, so that the nonlinear energy well has flexible energy absorption and vibration dissipation capabilities, and the energy well's adaptability to vibrations of different frequencies and amplitudes is significantly enhanced, and its vibration reduction effect in complex, multi-band vibration environments is improved.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present invention, the liquid channel 241 is a spiral channel coaxially arranged with the cylinder 21. The helical angle of the spiral channel can generate a large torque around the axial direction, driving the liquid to circulate between the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212, preventing the liquid from settling and the generation of bubbles, and ensuring smooth flow and stable suspension of the liquid.

[0036] When the liquid channel 241 is a spiral channel, the relationship between the inertia coefficient of the liquid inertia container 2 and the pitch, spiral radius and cross-sectional area of ​​the spiral channel is: (3) in, is the mass of the liquid, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid channel 241, h is the pitch of the liquid channel 241, is the spiral radius.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present invention, when the liquid channel 241 is a spiral channel, at least one of the pitch, spiral radius and cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid channel 241 is different. By changing at least one geometric parameter of the pitch, spiral radius and cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid channel 241, the inertia coefficient of the liquid inertia container 2 can be changed. In this way, by providing a plurality of spiral channels with different geometric parameters, different spiral pipes 24 can be opened by controlling different valves 25 to open, thereby achieving adjustable control of the inertia coefficient, adapting to different working conditions, and improving the efficiency and practicality of the liquid inertia container.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, take the example of two spiral channels provided on the cylinder 21. The cylinder 21 is provided with a first spiral channel 241a and a second spiral channel 241b, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first spiral channel 241a is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second spiral channel 241b, and the two spiral channels have the same pitch. The first spiral channel 241a is provided with a first valve 25a, and the second spiral channel 241b is provided with a second valve 25b.

[0039] When only the first valve 25a is opened, only the first spiral channel 241a works, achieving a first-level inertia effect. When only the second valve 25b is opened, only the second spiral channel 241b works, achieving a second-level inertia effect. When the first valve 25a and the second valve 25b are opened at the same time, the first spiral channel 241a and the second spiral channel 241b work at the same time, achieving a third-level inertia effect. In this way, the three-level adjustable inertia coefficient of the liquid inertia container 2 can be achieved by controlling the opening and closing of the first valve 25a and the second valve 25b.

[0040] It should be noted that the geometric parameters of the multiple liquid channels 241 may also be the same. In this case, the adjustable control of the inertia coefficient can be achieved by opening different numbers of liquid channels 241. The above embodiment can achieve a more precise adjustment of the inertia coefficient by providing multiple liquid channels 241 with different pitches, spiral radii or cross-sectional areas.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid channel 241 can be constructed in the side wall of the cylinder 21. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the outer wall of the cylinder 21 is provided with a spiral pipe 24, and the liquid channel 241 is formed in the spiral pipe 24. The valve 25 is arranged on the spiral pipe 24. The spiral pipe 24 and the cylinder 21 are independent components, and the spiral pipe 24 is arranged around the outer side of the cylinder 21. Through holes are respectively provided on the side wall of the cylinder 21 corresponding to the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212, and the two ends of the spiral pipe 24 are connected to the two through holes one by one.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present invention, the spiral pipe 24 is detachably connected to the cylinder 21. Specifically, the inertia-capacitance nonlinear energy well with multi-stage adjustable inertia provided in the embodiment of the present invention also includes a joint assembly (not shown in the figure), and both ends of the spiral pipe 24 are detachably connected to the shell 1 through the joint assembly. By setting the spiral pipe 24 to be detachably connected to the joint assembly, the spiral pipe 24 with different pitches, spiral radii or cross-sectional areas can be replaced according to actual needs to meet the vibration reduction requirements of different vibration environments without large-scale transformation of the entire system, thereby improving the scalability and economy of the system.

[0043] Optionally, there are multiple spiral pipes 24, thereby forming multiple spiral liquid channels 241. Multiple spiral pipes 24 are detachably connected to multiple joint assemblies in a one-to-one correspondence. Multiple joint assemblies can be reserved on the cylinder 21 to increase or decrease the number of spiral pipes 24. Different numbers of spiral pipes 24 can be replaced according to actual needs.

[0044] Specifically, the joint assembly includes a first joint and a second joint. The first joint and the second joint are installed on the outer wall of the cylinder 21, the first joint is connected to the through hole on the cylinder 21 corresponding to the first chamber 211, and the second joint is connected to the through hole on the cylinder 21 corresponding to the second chamber 212. One end of the spiral pipe 24 is detachably connected to the first joint, and the other end is detachably connected to the second joint. For example, the two ends of the spiral pipe 24 are connected to the first joint and the second joint through connectors such as clamps or quick-connect connectors. Optionally, the valve 25 is arranged on the joint assembly, and can be specifically arranged on the first joint or the second joint.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the elastic member 3 is an elastic film, the elastic film is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the cylinder 21 axially penetrates the elastic film and is fixedly connected to the elastic film. Specifically, the elastic film divides the cavity in the housing 1 into a first cavity and a second cavity, a part of the cylinder 21 is located in the first cavity, and the other part is located in the second cavity.

[0046] Specifically, the housing 1 includes a first housing and a second housing, the first housing and the second housing are butted together to form a mounting cavity, and the elastic film is fixed between the first housing and the second housing. The elastic film is an annular structure, and the outer edge of the elastic film is clamped and fixed between the first housing and the second housing. The cylinder 21 includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder, and the inner edge of the elastic film is clamped and fixed between the first cylinder and the second cylinder.

[0047] In the embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple liquid inertia containers 2, which are spaced apart along the axial direction. The multiple liquid inertia containers 2 are connected in sequence through piston rods 23, and the cylinder 21 of each liquid inertia container 2 is connected to the housing 1 through an elastic film.

[0048] Specifically, a plurality of elastic films are arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder 21 to divide the interior of the housing 1 into a plurality of cavities, and a liquid inertia container 2 is connected through each elastic film. The plurality of liquid inertia containers 2 are connected by a piston rod 23. When subjected to external vibration excitation, the plurality of liquid inertia containers 2 reciprocate relative to the corresponding piston along the axial direction of the cylinder 21 under the drive of the corresponding elastic films. An energy well with a specific number of liquid inertia containers 2 can be arranged according to actual needs to meet the needs of specific working conditions.

[0049] In other embodiments, the elastic member 3 is a spring or a disc spring. The spring and the disc spring are pressed between the axial end of the cylinder 21 and the housing 1. The spring is sleeved on the piston rod 23, or a plurality of springs are arranged around the piston rod 23. The stacked spring is sleeved on the piston rod 23, and a plurality of disc springs can be stacked and sleeved on the piston rod 23.

[0050] The inertia-capacitor nonlinear energy well with multi-level adjustable inertia provided in the embodiment of the present invention reduces the overall mass of the device, that is, by introducing a liquid inertia container 2 to replace the mass block in the traditional nonlinear energy well, the inertia effect of the liquid is utilized to achieve a vibration absorption effect similar to that of the mass block with a smaller mass, thereby overcoming the defect of excessively large mass in the traditional nonlinear energy well, and also improving the corresponding speed and efficiency of the system. The robustness of the device is also enhanced, and the opening and closing control of multiple spiral channels is achieved by controlling the opening and closing of the valve 25, thereby achieving multi-level adjustment of the inertia coefficient of the liquid inertia container 2, so that the liquid flow path and the inertia effect can be flexibly adjusted according to the working conditions, thereby achieving the best vibration reduction effect under different vibration frequencies and amplitudes, and improving the adaptability and versatility of the device. Through these improvements, important value is provided for the inertia-capacitor nonlinear energy well in theoretical research and engineering applications, and the practical application of nonlinear energy wells and inertia-capacitor elements is promoted.

[0051] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a nonlinear energy well vibration reduction system, comprising: a control system and a nonlinear energy well with multi-stage adjustable inertia capacity as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the valves 25 on the multiple liquid channels 241 are respectively connected to the control system for communication. The control system controls the opening and closing of the valves 25 on the multiple liquid channels 241 to achieve multi-stage dynamic adjustment of the inertia capacity characteristics of the liquid inertia container 2, so that the nonlinear energy well has flexible energy absorption and vibration dissipation capabilities to adapt to vibration conditions of different frequencies and amplitudes, thereby improving the vibration reduction effect of the nonlinear energy well in dealing with complex and multi-band vibrations.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nonlinear energy sink with multi-level adjustable inertia and capacity, characterized in that: include: A housing, used for fixed installation on the main structure, wherein a mounting cavity is formed in the housing; A liquid inertia container, comprising a cylinder, a piston and a piston rod, wherein the cylinder is filled with liquid, the piston is fixedly connected to the housing through the piston rod, the piston divides the cylinder into two chambers, the cylinder is provided with a plurality of liquid channels, the liquid channels communicate with the two chambers, and each of the liquid channels is provided with a valve; The elastic member is connected between the cylinder and the housing and is used for providing the cylinder with elastic force along the axial direction of the cylinder.

2. The inertia multi-level adjustable inertia nonlinear energy sink according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The liquid channel is a spiral channel coaxially arranged with the cylinder.

3. The inertia multi-level adjustable inertia nonlinear energy sink according to claim 2 is characterized in that: At least one of the pitch, the radius and the cross-sectional area of ​​the liquid channel is different.

4. The inertia multi-level adjustable inertia nonlinear energy sink according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the cylinder is sleeved with a spiral pipe, and the liquid channel is formed in the spiral pipe.

5. The inertia multi-level adjustable inertia nonlinear energy sink according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Also includes: A joint assembly, through which both ends of the spiral pipe are detachably connected to the shell.

6. The inertia multi-level adjustable inertia nonlinear energy sink according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member is an elastic film, the elastic film is fixedly connected to the housing, and the cylinder penetrates the elastic film along the axial direction and is fixedly connected to the elastic film.

7. The inertia-capacitance nonlinear energy sink with multi-level adjustable inertia according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are multiple liquid inertia containers, which are spaced apart in the axial direction and connected in sequence through the piston rod. The cylinder of each liquid inertia container is connected to the shell through an elastic film.

8. The inertia-capacitance nonlinear energy sink with multi-level adjustable inertia according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shell includes a first shell and a second shell. The first shell and the second shell are connected to form the installation cavity. The elastic film is fixed between the first shell and the second shell.

9. The inertia multi-level adjustable inertia nonlinear energy sink according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the piston in the axial direction are fixedly connected to the housing through the piston rod.

10. A nonlinear energy sink vibration reduction system, characterized in that: include: A control system and a multi-stage adjustable inertia and capacity nonlinear energy well as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the valves on the plurality of liquid channels are respectively connected to the control system for communication.

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