Multi-heat-trap waste heat removal device

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-heat-trap waste heat removal device which comprises a cooling liquid containing body, an air introduction body, a heat exchanger, an air inlet pipeline and an air discharge pipeline, the heat exchanger is obliquely arranged in the cooling liquid containing body and can fully occupy the whole cooling liquid containing space, so that better water cooling is facilitated, and the cooling efficiency is improved. The air introduction body is in butt joint with at least partial area of the first wall of the cooling liquid containing body, the first wall is a common wall of the cooling liquid containing body and the air introduction body, a communicating hole is formed in the first wall, and cooling liquid can flow into the air introduction body from the cooling liquid containing body through the communicating hole. When the height of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid containing body is larger than the height of the area occupied by the communicating hole, the heat exchanger is cooled by means of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid containing body, and when the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid containing body descends to the area occupied by the communicating hole, air enters the air introduction body from the air inlet pipeline. And then the cooling liquid enters the cooling liquid accommodating body to cool the heat exchanger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of multi-heat sink temperature reduction and cooling, and in particular relates to a multi-heat sink waste heat removal device. Background Art

[0002] When a nuclear power plant or an offshore floating nuclear power platform suffers a total power loss accident, after the reactor is shut down, although the core power is reduced to zero, fission fragments and other decay products will still generate a large amount of residual heat. If effective measures are not taken, the heat will gradually accumulate, causing the temperature and pressure inside the reactor to continue to rise, posing a risk of destroying the integrity of the pressure boundary inside the reactor, exposing the core and melting it, and causing leakage of radioactive materials.

[0003] At present, the passive water-cooled waste heat removal scheme is used to cool the reactor. In this scheme, the steam condensing device is arranged in a high water tank, and the core decay heat is discharged by the natural circulation of steam-condensed water in the steam condensing device and the boiling and evaporation of cooling water in the water tank. The effective waste heat removal time of the system depends on the amount of water in the water tank. The more water is loaded, the longer the system runs. Then, once the cooling water in the water tank evaporates, the waste heat removal function of the system will fail, and this scheme cannot achieve unlimited passive waste heat removal. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-heat sink waste heat removal device, which uses air cooling and water cooling at the same time, has higher safety, and can achieve unlimited removal of reactor waste heat without external power and without staff intervention.

[0005] The present invention provides a multi-heat-sink waste heat discharge device, comprising: a cooling liquid containing body, comprising a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, wherein the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are respectively arranged on a first wall and a third wall of the cooling liquid containing body arranged face to face; an air introduction body, butted with at least a part of the first wall of the cooling liquid containing body, wherein the first wall is a common wall of the cooling liquid containing body and the air introduction body, and a connecting hole is arranged in a section of the first wall from the bottom to the top; a heat exchanger, which is arranged in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole;

[0006] The air inlet duct is arranged at the top of the second wall of the air introduction body, and the second wall is arranged face to face with the first wall; the air outlet duct is arranged at the top of the third wall of the coolant containing body.

[0007] In some optional embodiments, the multi-heat-sink waste heat removal device further includes a first solenoid valve, and the first solenoid valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe.

[0008] In some optional embodiments, the multi-heat-sink waste heat removal device further includes a second solenoid valve, and the second solenoid valve is disposed in the air exhaust duct.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, in the height direction of the coolant containing body, a connecting hole is set in at least half of the area from the bottom to the top of the first wall, and the height of the air introduction body is greater than the height of the first wall where the connecting hole is set.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, a plurality of the communicating holes are provided, and the plurality of communicating holes are arranged in an array on the first wall.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the heat exchanger includes a first fixing component, an air-cooled heat transfer pipe, a water-cooled heat transfer pipe and a second fixing component, the first fixing component, the air-cooled heat transfer pipe, the water-cooled heat transfer pipe and the second fixing component are connected in sequence, the first fixing component is arranged in the first mounting hole, the second fixing component is arranged in the second mounting hole, the first fixing component is arranged with a water vapor inlet, and the second fixing component is arranged with a condensed water outlet.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, an intermediate header is further included, and the intermediate header is connected to the air-cooled heat transfer pipe and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe respectively.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, the angle between the air-cooled heat transfer pipe and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe ranges from 90° to 180°, and the projected height of the water-cooled heat transfer pipe on the first wall is equal to the height of the connecting hole from the bottom to the top.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, a guide plate is further included, wherein the guide plate is disposed on the intermediate header, the guide plate is disposed between the air-cooled heat transfer conduit and the water-cooled heat transfer conduit, and the guide plate faces the connecting hole.

[0015] In some optional embodiments, the first fixed component is an inlet header, and the second fixed component is an outlet header.

[0016] The beneficial effects brought by the present invention are as follows:

[0017] It can be seen from the above scheme that an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-heat-trap waste heat discharge device, which includes a coolant holding body, an air introduction body, a heat exchanger, an air inlet pipe and an air exhaust pipe. The coolant holding body includes a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole. The first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are respectively arranged on the first wall and the third wall of the coolant holding body that are arranged face to face. The first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are located at opposite ends of the coolant holding body in the height direction. The heat exchanger is arranged in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, so that the heat exchanger can fully occupy the entire coolant holding space for better cooling. The air introduction body is connected to at least a part of the first wall of the coolant holding body. The first wall is a common wall of the coolant holding body and the air introduction body. A connecting hole is arranged in a section of the first wall from the bottom to the top, and the coolant can be discharged from the coolant holding body. The air flows into the air introduction body through the connecting hole. When the height of the coolant inside the coolant containing body is greater than the height of the area occupied by the connecting hole, the heat exchanger is mainly cooled by the coolant inside the coolant containing body. When the coolant in the coolant containing body drops to the area occupied by the connecting hole, the air enters the air introduction body from the air inlet pipe, and then enters the interior of the coolant containing body to cool the heat exchanger, and then goes out from the air exhaust pipe. The air inlet pipe is arranged at the top of the second wall of the air introduction body, the connecting hole is arranged at the bottom of the first wall, and the air exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the third wall of the coolant containing body, so that the air circulation distance is longer and the air cooling effect is improved. The multi-heat-sink waste heat discharge device of the present application adopts air cooling and water cooling, which is safer and can achieve unlimited discharge of reactor waste heat without external power and staff intervention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-heat sink waste heat removal device provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-heat sink waste heat removal device in a non-operating state according to the provided embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the multi-heat sink waste heat removal device of the provided embodiment at the initial stage of operation;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-heat sink waste heat removal device of the provided embodiment in the middle of operation;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the multi-heat sink waste heat removal device of the provided embodiment in a long-term operating state.

[0023] In the figure, 1-coolant containing body; 11-first wall; 111-connecting hole; 12-second wall; 13-third wall; 2-air introduction body; 3-heat exchanger; 31-first fixed component; 311-water vapor inlet; 32-air cooling heat transfer conduit; 33-water cooling heat transfer conduit; 34-second fixed component; 341-condensate outlet; 35-intermediate header; 4-air inlet pipe; 5-air exhaust pipe; 6-first solenoid valve; 7-second solenoid valve; 8-guide plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] When a nuclear power plant or an offshore floating nuclear power platform suffers a total power loss accident, after the reactor is shut down, although the core power is reduced to zero, fission fragments and other decay products will still generate a large amount of residual heat. If effective measures are not taken, the heat will gradually accumulate, causing the temperature and pressure inside the reactor to continue to rise, posing a risk of destroying the integrity of the pressure boundary inside the reactor, exposing the core and melting it, and causing leakage of radioactive materials.

[0026] At present, the passive water-cooled waste heat removal scheme is used to cool the reactor. In this scheme, the steam condensing device is arranged in a high water tank, and the core decay heat is discharged by the natural circulation of steam-condensed water in the steam condensing device and the boiling and evaporation of cooling water in the water tank. The effective waste heat removal time of the system depends on the amount of water in the water tank. The more water is loaded, the longer the system runs. Then, once the cooling water in the water tank evaporates, the waste heat removal function of the system will fail, and this scheme cannot achieve unlimited passive waste heat removal.

[0027] The embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-heat sink waste heat removal device, which uses air cooling and water cooling at the same time, has higher safety, and can achieve unlimited removal of reactor waste heat without external power and without staff intervention.

[0028] The following is combined with the accompanying drawings of the specification Figure 1 to Figure 5 The multi-heat-sink waste heat removal device is described in detail.

[0029] The present application provides a multi-heat-trap waste heat discharge device, which includes: a coolant containing body 1, including a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are respectively arranged on a first wall 11 and a third wall 13 of the coolant containing body 1 which are arranged face to face, and the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are located at two opposite ends of the coolant containing body 1 in a height direction; an air introduction body 2, which is connected to at least a part of the first wall 11 of the coolant containing body 1, the first wall 11 is a common wall of the coolant containing body 1 and the air introduction body 2, and a connecting hole 111 is arranged in a section of the first wall 11 from the bottom to the top; a heat exchanger 3, which is arranged at the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole; an air inlet pipe 4, which is arranged at the top of the second wall 12 of the air introduction body 2, and the second wall 12 is arranged face to face with the first wall 11; an air discharge pipe 5, which is arranged at the top of the third wall 13 of the coolant containing body 1.

[0030] Specifically, the multi-heat-sink waste heat discharge device includes a coolant containing body 1, an air introduction body 2, a heat exchanger 3, an air inlet pipe 4 and an air exhaust pipe 5. The coolant containing body 1 includes a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole. The first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are respectively arranged on a first wall 11 and a third wall 13 of the coolant containing body 1 which are arranged face to face. The first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are located at two opposite ends of the coolant containing body 1 in a height direction. The heat exchanger 3 is arranged in the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, so that the heat exchanger 3 can fully occupy the entire coolant containing body 1 space for better cooling. The air introduction body 2 is connected to at least a part of the first wall 11 of the coolant containing body 1. The first wall 11 is a common wall of the coolant containing body 1 and the air introduction body 2. A connecting hole 111 is arranged in a section of the first wall 11 from the bottom to the top. The coolant can flow from the coolant containing body 1 through the connecting hole 111 into the air Introducing body 2, when the height of the coolant inside the coolant containing body 1 is greater than the height of the area occupied by the connecting hole 111, the heat exchanger 3 is mainly cooled by the coolant inside the coolant containing body 1. When the coolant in the coolant containing body 1 drops to the area occupied by the connecting hole 111, the air enters the air introduction body 2 from the air inlet pipe 4, and then enters the interior of the coolant containing body 1 to cool the heat exchanger 3, and then goes out from the air exhaust pipe 5. The air inlet pipe 4 is arranged at the top of the second wall 12 of the air introduction body 2, the connecting hole 111 is arranged at the bottom of the first wall 11, and the air exhaust pipe 5 is arranged at the top of the third wall 13 of the coolant containing body 1, so that the air circulation distance becomes longer and the air cooling effect is improved. The multi-heat sink waste heat discharge device of the present application adopts air cooling and water cooling, which is safer and can achieve unlimited discharge of reactor waste heat without external power and staff intervention.

[0031] Furthermore, the shape of the coolant containing body 1 is a rectangular body, the air introduction body 2 is a rectangular body, the height of the coolant containing body 1 is greater than the height of the air introduction body 2, the width of the coolant containing body 1 is the same as the width of the air introduction body 2, and the length of the coolant containing body 1 is greater than the width of the air introduction body 2. The bottoms of the coolant containing body 1 and the air introduction body 2 are in the same plane. A connecting hole 111 is provided in a section of the first wall 11 from the bottom to the top, and the area corresponding to the connecting hole 111 in the coolant containing body 1 is a descending chamber, and the area of ​​the coolant containing body 1 located in the upper part of the descending chamber is an ascending chamber.

[0032] In some optional embodiments, the multi-heat-sink waste heat removal device further includes a first solenoid valve 6 , which is disposed at the air inlet pipe 4 .

[0033] Specifically, the first solenoid valve 6 is a valve that is normally closed when powered on and normally open when powered off.

[0034] In some optional embodiments, the multi-heat-sink waste heat removal device further includes a second solenoid valve 7 , and the second solenoid valve 7 is disposed in the air exhaust duct 5 .

[0035] Specifically, the second solenoid valve 7 is a valve that is normally closed when powered on and normally open when powered off.

[0036] In some optional embodiments, in the height direction of the coolant containing body 1, a connecting hole 111 is set in at least half of the area from the bottom to the top of the first wall 11, and the height of the air introduction body 2 is greater than the height of the connecting hole 111 set in the first wall 11.

[0037] In some optional embodiments, a plurality of communicating holes 111 are provided, and the plurality of communicating holes 111 are arranged in an array on the first wall 11 .

[0038] In some optional embodiments, the heat exchanger 3 includes a first fixing component 31, an air-cooled heat transfer pipe 32, a water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 and a second fixing component 34. The first fixing component 31, the air-cooled heat transfer pipe 32, the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 and the second fixing component 34 are connected in sequence. The first fixing component 31 is arranged in the first mounting hole, and the second fixing component 34 is arranged in the second mounting hole. The first fixing component 31 is provided with a water vapor inlet 311, and the second fixing component 34 is provided with a condensed water outlet 341.

[0039] Specifically, the area of ​​the air-cooled heat transfer conduit 32 is larger than that of the water-cooled heat transfer conduit 33, which can achieve longer water-cooled heat dissipation while ensuring that the waste heat dissipation power meets the system requirements. The air inlet pipe 4 and the air outlet pipe 5 can be extended to a high place and outside the platform using pipes to achieve a stronger natural circulation driving force. The coolant in the coolant containing body 1 floods the water-cooled heat transfer conduit 33 and the connecting hole 111 of the first wall 11. The connecting hole 111 is set in a section of the first wall 11 from the bottom to the top. The area corresponding to the connecting hole 111 in the coolant containing body 1 is the descending chamber, and the area of ​​the coolant containing body 1 located in the upper part of the descending chamber is the ascending chamber.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, an intermediate header 35 is further included, and the intermediate header 35 is connected to the air-cooling heat transfer pipe 32 and the water-cooling heat transfer pipe 33 respectively.

[0041] In some optional embodiments, the angle between the air-cooling heat transfer pipe 32 and the water-cooling heat transfer pipe 33 ranges from 90° to 180°.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, a guide plate 8 is further included. The guide plate 8 is arranged in the middle header 35. The guide plate 8 is arranged between the air-cooled heat transfer conduit 32 and the water-cooled heat transfer conduit 33. The guide plate 8 faces the connecting hole 111. The local microcirculation of cooling water formed by the guide plate 8 is used to enhance the convective heat transfer.

[0043] In some optional embodiments, the first fixed component 31 is an inlet header, and the second fixed component 34 is an outlet header.

[0044] In the initial operation of the multi-heat sink waste heat removal device, the steam entering the heat exchanger 3 is cooled and condensed by the cooling water stored inside the coolant containing body 1, and then flows out from the air-cooled, water-cooled, mixed condensed water outlet 341. The guide plate 8 divides the cooling water in the descending chamber of the coolant containing body 1 into two parts. The cooling water close to the water-cooled heat transfer conduit 33 is heated to boiling, and the generated steam is discharged to the atmosphere through the air exhaust pipe 5. The coolant far from the side of the water-cooled heat transfer conduit 33 is replenished to the side close to the water-cooled heat transfer conduit 33 under the action of gravity, forming a local micro-natural circulation of cooling water and strengthening convective heat transfer. In the initial operation of the system, water cooling with better heat transfer effect is used to discharge waste heat.

[0045] In the middle of the operation of the multi-heat sink waste heat removal device, the steam entering the heat exchanger 3 is cooled and condensed by the cooling water stored inside the coolant container body 1, and then flows out from the air-cooled, water-cooled, and mixed condensed water outlet 341. The guide plate 8 divides the coolant in the coolant container body 1 into two parts. The cooling water near the side of the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 is heated to boiling, and the generated steam is discharged to the atmosphere through the air exhaust pipe 5. The cooling water far from the side of the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 is supplemented to the side near the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 under the action of gravity, forming a local micro-natural circulation of cooling water and strengthening convective heat transfer. In the middle of the system operation, air cooling and water cooling mixed cooling are used to discharge waste heat.

[0046] When the multi-heat sink waste heat removal device is in operation for a long time, the coolant in the coolant containing body 1 boils and evaporates, and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 is exposed to the atmosphere. Part of the cold air in the descending chamber enters the air space near the side of the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33 under the action of the natural circulation driving force formed by the guide plate 8 and the density difference, and exchanges heat with the steam in the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33, and the other part of the cold air exchanges heat with the steam in the air-cooled heat transfer pipe 32. The air is continuously cooled, and the air-cooled and water-cooled mixed cooling heat exchanger 3, the steam in the air-cooled heat transfer pipe 32 and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe 33, realizes non-active, unlimited-time system heat removal. In the later stage of the operation of the multi-heat sink waste heat removal device, the cooling water in the coolant containing body 1 evaporates, and air cooling is used to realize unlimited time waste heat removal, and the natural air circulation flow channel formed by the ascending and descending chambers of the coolant containing body 1 is used to discharge the waste heat.

[0047] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-heat sink waste heat removal device, characterized in that: include: A cooling liquid containing body (1) comprises a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole, wherein the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are respectively arranged on a first wall (11) and a third wall (13) of the cooling liquid containing body (1) which are arranged face to face, and the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are located at two opposite ends of the cooling liquid containing body (1) in a height direction; The air introduction body (2) is connected to at least a part of the first wall (11) of the coolant containing body (1), the first wall (11) is a common wall of the coolant containing body (1) and the air introduction body (2), and a connecting hole (111) is provided in a section of the first wall (11) from the bottom to the top; A heat exchanger (3) is arranged at the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole; An air inlet duct (4) is arranged at the top of a second wall (12) of the air inlet body (2), wherein the second wall (12) and the first wall (11) are arranged face to face; An air exhaust duct (5) is arranged on the top of the third wall (13) of the coolant containing body (1).

2. The multi-heat sink waste heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-heat-sink waste heat removal device further comprises a first solenoid valve (6), wherein the first solenoid valve (6) is arranged on the air inlet pipe (4).

3. The multi-heat sink waste heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-heat-sink waste heat removal device further comprises a second solenoid valve (7), wherein the second solenoid valve (7) is arranged in the air exhaust duct (5).

4. The multi-heat sink waste heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the height direction of the coolant containing body (1), a connecting hole (111) is provided in at least half of the area from the bottom to the top of the first wall (11), and the height of the air introducing body (2) is greater than the height of the first wall (11) at which the connecting hole (111) is provided.

5. The multi-heat sink waste heat removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of the communicating holes (111) are provided, and the plurality of communicating holes (111) are arranged in an array on the first wall (11).

6. The multi-heat sink waste heat removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (3) comprises a first fixing component (31), an air-cooled heat transfer pipe (32), a water-cooled heat transfer pipe (33) and a second fixing component (34); the first fixing component (31), the air-cooled heat transfer pipe (32), the water-cooled heat transfer pipe (33) and the second fixing component (34) are connected in sequence; the first fixing component (31) is arranged at the first mounting hole; the second fixing component (34) is arranged at the second mounting hole; the first fixing component (31) is provided with a water vapor inlet (311); and the second fixing component (34) is provided with a condensed water outlet (341).

7. The multi-heat sink waste heat removal device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an intermediate header (35), and the intermediate header (35) is connected to the air-cooled heat transfer pipe (32) and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe (33) respectively.

8. The multi-heat sink waste heat removal device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The angle between the air-cooled heat transfer pipe (32) and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe (33) is in the range of 90° to 180°, and the projected height of the water-cooled heat transfer pipe (33) on the first wall (11) is equal to the height of the connecting hole (111) from the bottom to the top.

9. The multi-heat sink waste heat removal device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a guide plate (8), wherein the guide plate (8) is arranged on the intermediate header (35), the guide plate (8) is arranged between the air-cooled heat transfer pipe (32) and the water-cooled heat transfer pipe (33), and the guide plate (8) faces the connecting hole (111).

10. The multi-heat sink waste heat removal device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first fixed component (31) is an inlet header, and the second fixed component (34) is an outlet header.

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