A positioning system and method applied to the fault location of an optical cable

Abstract

The application discloses a positioning system and method applied to an optical cable fault position, relates to the technical field of optical cable fault positioning, and solves the technical problem that the existing OTDR fault positioning method cannot directly convert a test core length into a specific geographical space position accurately, resulting in a large deviation of a positioning result in a complex environment and difficulty in meeting the demand of high-precision geographical space positioning; the application obtains initial data of a fiber link, and establishes a space model of the fiber link based on the initial data; the fiber link is cut to obtain a plurality of cable sections; the logical distance of a fault point in the fiber link is obtained based on OTDR; the length of each cable section is corrected to obtain the target section length of each cable section; and the coordinates of the fault point in the fiber link are calculated based on the target section length of each cable section and the logical distance of the fault point in the fiber link, so that the above technical problem is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of optical cable fault positioning, and particularly relates to a positioning system and method for an optical cable fault position. BACKGROUND

[0002] The communication optical cable of a wind power plant is generally overhead or buried, and the optical cable between a wind turbine and a booster station or between wind turbines is far away. The optical cable is often damaged due to geological subsidence, construction damage, farmland cultivation, insect bites, mouse bites, natural aging and the like;

[0003] The wind power plant optical cable problem analysis mode mainly uses a handheld OTDR instrument to analyze test curves one by one and then records in a form of a table to guide the maintenance, optimization and fault processing of the optical cable line. However, the manual mode is time-consuming and labor-intensive and is prone to errors. The existing OTDR fault positioning method mainly relies on curve analysis and experience judgment. Since these methods can only provide the logical distance (test core length) of the fault point in the optical fiber link, and do not combine the actual laying path of the optical fiber, the changes in the terrain and the complex factors such as the joint disc, the test core length cannot be directly and accurately converted into a specific geographical space position, resulting in a large deviation of the positioning result in a complex environment, and it is difficult to meet the demand of high-precision geographical space positioning.

[0004] Therefore, the application provides a positioning system and method for an optical cable fault position to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the application provides a positioning system and method for an optical cable fault position to solve the technical problem that the existing OTDR fault positioning method mainly relies on curve analysis and experience judgment. Since these methods can only provide the logical distance (test core length) of the fault point in the optical fiber link, and do not combine the actual laying path of the optical fiber, the changes in the terrain and the complex factors such as the joint disc, the test core length cannot be directly and accurately converted into a specific geographical space position, resulting in a large deviation of the positioning result in a complex environment, and it is difficult to meet the demand of high-precision geographical space positioning.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the application provides a positioning system for an optical cable fault position, comprising a data acquisition module, a data analysis module and an optical cable fault positioning module.

[0007] The data acquisition module acquires initial data of the optical fiber link and establishes a spatial model of the optical fiber link based on the initial data.

[0008] The data analysis module obtains a plurality of optical cable segments by cutting the optical fiber link, acquires the logical distance of the fault point in the optical fiber link based on the OTDR, and

[0009] correcting the length of each cable segment to obtain a target segment length of each cable segment;

[0010] The optical cable fault positioning module calculates the coordinates of the fault point in the fiber link based on the target segment length of each cable segment and the logical distance of the fault point in the fiber link.

[0011] Preferably, the method for establishing a spatial model of the fiber link based on the initial data comprises:

[0012] The spatial model of the fiber link is constructed based on the initial data through three-dimensional construction software; wherein the initial data includes the fiber path, the joint position and the excess length; the three-dimensional construction software includes AutoCAD or Blender;

[0013] A spatial rectangular coordinate system is established with the starting point of the fiber link as the origin, and the three-dimensional coordinates of each joint position in the fiber link are obtained; the three-dimensional coordinates of each joint position are marked as (X i ,Y i ,Z i ); wherein i is the label of the joint in the fiber link, i={1,2,3,…,N}, and N is the total number of joints in the fiber link.

[0014] It should be noted that the fiber path refers to the actual laying route of the fiber from the starting point to the ending point, including all key nodes (such as starting point, ending point, joint, branch point, etc.) and terrain features (such as mountains, rivers, bridges, etc.) passed through; the specific description and geographic coordinates of the fiber path are obtained through the construction drawings or record files during fiber laying; the joint position refers to the specific physical position of each joint on the fiber link, which is usually used to connect two sections of fiber or perform maintenance operations; the joint position is detected by the reflection signal characteristics in the OTDR test data, and the joint usually appears as a sharp peak or a sudden point on the OTDR curve; the excess length refers to the additional fiber length reserved at some nodes for ease of maintenance or adjustment; the excess length of each node is determined through the design drawings or construction records during fiber laying.

[0015] Preferably, the method for obtaining a plurality of cable segments by cutting the fiber link comprises:

[0016] The fiber link is divided into a plurality of cable segments based on the joint positions on the fiber link, and the plurality of cable segments are marked as Lj; wherein Lj={(X i ,Y i ,Z i ),(X i+1 ,Y i+1 ,Z i+1}, j refers to the label of each optical cable line segment, j={1, 2, 3, …, N-1}, and the start and end points of each optical cable line segment are composed of adjacent joints.

[0017] It should be noted that the several optical cable line segments, when j=1, represent the first optical cable line segment, that is, L1={(X1, Y1, Z1), (X2, Y2, Z2)}.

[0018] The present application significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of optical cable fault positioning by constructing a spatial model of the optical fiber link based on initial data and splitting the optical fiber link to obtain several optical cable line segments; using three-dimensional construction software in combination with initial data such as optical fiber path, joint position and coil length, the actual laying situation of the optical fiber and its topographic features can be fully reflected, providing an accurate spatial reference for subsequent analysis; a spatial rectangular coordinate system is established with the start point of the optical fiber link as the origin, and the three-dimensional coordinates of each joint are obtained, further refining the geometric structure description of the optical fiber link to ensure that the position information of each optical cable line segment is clear and explicit; by splitting the optical fiber link based on the joint position, the entire link is divided into several independent optical cable line segments, and the start and end point coordinates are marked, which not only simplifies the processing process of complex links, but also lays a foundation for subsequent length correction and fault point positioning of each line segment; effectively solves the positioning deviation problem caused by insufficient consideration of the actual laying path and complex factors in traditional methods, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of the geographical spatial positioning of the optical cable fault point, reducing the time cost and potential error of manual analysis, and providing a scientific and reliable basis for the maintenance and optimization of the optical cable line of the wind farm.

[0019] Preferably, the logical distance of the fault point in the optical fiber link is obtained based on OTDR, including:

[0020] The time t required for the optical signal to propagate from the start point of the optical fiber link to the fault point and then return to the start point is obtained through OTDR testing;

[0021] The logical distance of the fault point in the optical fiber link is calculated by the formula d=(c×t) / (2×IOR); wherein d is the distance between the start point and the fault point of the optical fiber link, c is the speed of light in vacuum, and IOR is the refractive index of the optical fiber.

[0022] It should be noted that OTDR sends a high-energy laser pulse to the optical fiber, and when the optical signal encounters a fault point (such as a breakpoint, joint or other abnormal position), a reflected light is generated, which is received and recorded by OTDR for a time t.

[0023] Preferably, the target line segment length of each optical cable line segment is obtained by correcting the length of each optical cable line segment, including:

[0024] A1: extract the coordinates of the start point and the end point of each optical cable segment;

[0025] A2: obtain the altitude corresponding to the start point and the end point of each optical cable segment, and correct the coordinates of the start point and the end point based on the altitude to obtain target start point coordinates and target end point coordinates;

[0026] A3: obtain the longitude and latitude corresponding to the target start point coordinates and the target end point coordinates, and calculate the length of each optical cable segment based on the longitude and latitude;

[0027] A4: calculate the target segment length of each optical cable segment based on the storage length of each optical cable segment and the length of each optical cable segment.

[0028] It should be noted that the storage length of each optical cable segment can be obtained through design drawings or construction records during fiber laying.

[0029] Preferably, the correction of the coordinates of the start point and the end point based on the altitude comprises:

[0030] obtain the altitude of each joint in the optical fiber link through DEM and mark it as H i ;

[0031] correct the three-dimensional coordinates of each joint position based on the altitude of each joint in the optical fiber link, specifically: Lj' = {(X i ,Y i ,Z i +H i ),(X i+1 ,Y i+1 ,Z i+1 +H i+1 )}; wherein (X i ,Y i ,Z i +H i ) is the target start point coordinates obtained by correcting the coordinates of the start point of the optical cable segment, (X i+1 ,Y i+1 ,Z i+1 +H i+1 ) is the target end point coordinates obtained by correcting the coordinates of the end point of the optical cable segment, and Lj' is the new optical cable segment obtained by correcting the coordinates of the start point and the end point of the optical cable segment.

[0032] Preferably, the calculation of the length of each optical cable segment based on the longitude and latitude comprises:

[0033] obtain the longitude and latitude corresponding to the target start point coordinates and the target end point coordinates of each optical cable segment, and mark them as (φi, λi) and (φi+1, λi+1) respectively; wherein φi represents the longitude of the ith joint, and λi represents the latitude of the ith joint.

[0034] By formula:

[0035]

[0036] The length of each cable segment is calculated; wherein dLj refers to the length of the jth cable segment, and R is the radius of the earth.

[0037] It should be noted that the starting point and the ending point of each cable segment, the starting point is the connection point (joint) of the cable segment and the previous cable segment or the starting point of the fiber link, and the ending point is the connection point (joint) of the cable segment and the next cable segment or the ending point of the fiber link.

[0038] Preferably, the target segment length of each cable segment is calculated based on the coil length of each cable segment and the length of each cable segment, comprising:

[0039] Extracting the coil length of each cable segment;

[0040] By calculating the sum of the coil length of each cable segment and the length of each cable segment, the target segment length of each cable segment is obtained.

[0041] The present application corrects the length of each cable segment to obtain the target segment length, significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the fiber link fault positioning; by extracting the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of each cable segment, and correcting the coordinates combined with the altitude data obtained by DEM, the influence of the terrain undulation on the length calculation is effectively compensated, and the true geometric shape of the cable segment in the three-dimensional space is accurately reflected; based on the longitude and latitude corresponding to the corrected target starting point and ending point coordinates, the actual length of each cable segment is calculated using the radius of the earth and the formula, further considering the geographical curvature factor, avoiding the error caused by plane calculation; the coil length of each cable segment is added to the calculated length to obtain the target segment length, fully considering the influence of the additional length reserved during fiber laying on the total length.

[0042] Preferably, the coordinates of the fault point in the fiber link are calculated based on the target segment length of each cable segment and the logical distance of the fault point in the fiber link, comprising:

[0043] B1: Mark the cable segment number where the fault point is as k; mark the target segment length of each cable segment as mdLj; wherein mdLj refers to the target segment length of the jth cable segment;

[0044] B2: When j = 1, whether the judgment condition is satisfied: If yes, output k = j, indicating that the fault point is located on the k-th fiber optic cable segment; otherwise, set j = j + 1, continue judging until the judgment condition is met, and output the corresponding value of k.

[0045] B3: Through formula The proportional position of the fault point on the k-th optical cable segment is calculated; where Q is the proportional position of the fault point on the k-th optical cable segment, and mdLk is the target segment length of the k-th optical cable segment.

[0046] B4: The coordinates of the fault point in the optical fiber link are calculated based on the proportional position of the fault point on the kth optical cable segment.

[0047] The coordinates of the fault point in the fiber optic link are as follows:

[0048] (X d ,Y d Z d )=(X k ,Y k Z k )+Q×[(X k+1 -X k ),(Y k+1 -Y k ),(Z k+1 -Z k )]; where, (X d ,Y d Z d (X) represents the coordinates of the fault point in the fiber optic link. k ,Y k Z k ) is the starting coordinate of the k-th optical cable segment.

[0049] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for locating optical cable faults, comprising:

[0050] Step 1: Obtain the initial data of the fiber optic link and establish a spatial model of the fiber optic link based on the initial data;

[0051] Step 2: By segmenting the optical fiber link, several optical cable segments are obtained; the logical distance of the fault point in the optical fiber link is obtained based on OTDR;

[0052] Step 3: By correcting the length of each optical cable segment, the target segment length of each optical cable segment is obtained;

[0053] Step 4: Calculate the coordinates of the fault point in the fiber optic link based on the target segment length of each fiber optic cable segment and the logical distance to the fault point in the fiber optic link.

[0054] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0055] 1.The existing OTDR fault positioning method mainly relies on curve analysis and experience judgment, since these methods can only provide the logical distance (test core length) of the fault point in the optical fiber link, without combining the actual laying path of the optical fiber, the terrain changes and the complex factors such as the joint disc, so the test core length cannot be directly and accurately converted into a specific geographical spatial position, resulting in a large deviation of the positioning result in a complex environment, and it is difficult to meet the demand of high-precision geographical spatial positioning; the present application obtains the initial data of the optical fiber link, and establishes a spatial model of the optical fiber link based on the initial data; the optical fiber link is cut to obtain a plurality of optical cable line segments; the logical distance of the fault point in the optical fiber link is obtained based on OTDR; the target line segment length of each optical cable line segment is obtained by correcting the length of each optical cable line segment; the coordinates of the fault point in the optical fiber link are calculated based on the target line segment length of each optical cable line segment and the logical distance of the fault point in the optical fiber link, thereby solving the technical problem that the positioning result of the prior art has a large deviation in a complex environment, and it is difficult to meet the demand of high-precision geographical spatial positioning.

[0056] 2.The present application extracts the coordinates of the starting point and the ending point of each optical cable line segment, and corrects the coordinates by combining the elevation data obtained by DEM, effectively compensating for the influence of terrain undulation on length calculation, ensuring that the true geometric shape of the optical cable line segment in the three-dimensional space can be accurately reflected; the actual length of each optical cable line segment is calculated based on the longitude and latitude corresponding to the corrected target starting point and ending point coordinates, using the earth radius and formula, further considering the geographical curvature factor, and avoiding the errors that may be caused by plane calculation; the target line segment length is obtained by adding the calculated length to the disc length of each optical cable line segment, fully considering the influence of the additional length reserved during optical fiber laying on the total length, thereby realizing the comprehensive restoration of the actual physical length of the optical cable, not only greatly improving the accuracy of the optical cable length measurement, but also providing reliable basic data support for the subsequent positioning of the fault point based on the conversion of the logical distance into the geographical spatial position, effectively solving the positioning deviation problem caused by ignoring the terrain changes, disc length and other factors in the existing method, and significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of the wind farm optical cable maintenance and fault handling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating any creative labor.

[0058] Figure 1 It is a system module schematic diagram of the embodiments of the present application.

[0059] Figure 2 The method for correcting the length of the optical cable line segment is shown in the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the application.

[0060] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the method steps is shown in the embodiment of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The technical solutions of the application will be described clearly and completely in connection with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the protection scope of the application.

[0062] Referring to Figure 1 , the first aspect embodiment of the application provides a positioning system applied to the fault position of an optical cable, which comprises a data acquisition module, a data analysis module and an optical cable fault positioning module.

[0063] The data acquisition module: acquires initial data of the optical fiber link and establishes a spatial model of the optical fiber link based on the initial data.

[0064] The data analysis module: obtains a plurality of optical cable line segments by cutting the optical fiber link; obtains the logical distance of the fault point in the optical fiber link based on OTDR; and

[0065] The target line segment length of each optical cable line segment is obtained by correcting the length of each optical cable line segment.

[0066] The optical cable fault positioning module: calculates the coordinates of the fault point in the optical fiber link based on the target line segment length of each optical cable line segment and the logical distance of the fault point in the optical fiber link.

[0067] The spatial model of the optical fiber link is established based on the initial data, which comprises:

[0068] The spatial model of the optical fiber link is constructed by a three-dimensional construction software based on the initial data; wherein the initial data comprises the optical fiber path, the joint position and the coil length; the three-dimensional construction software comprises AutoCAD or Blender.

[0069] A spatial rectangular coordinate system is established with the starting point of the optical fiber link as the origin, and the three-dimensional coordinates of each joint position in the optical fiber link are acquired; the three-dimensional coordinates of each joint position are marked as (X i ,Y i ,Z i ); wherein i is the label of the joint in the optical fiber link, i={1,2,3,…,N}, and N is the total number of the joints in the optical fiber link.

[0070] By segmenting the fiber optic link, several fiber optic cable segments are obtained, including:

[0071] The fiber optic link is divided into several fiber optic cable segments based on the location of the connectors on the fiber optic link, and these segments are labeled Lj; where Lj = {(X i ,Y i Z i ),(X i+1 ,Y i+1 Z i+1 )}, j refers to the label of each optical cable segment, j={1,2,3,…,N-1}, and the start and end points of each optical cable segment are composed of adjacent joints.

[0072] Obtaining the logical distance to a fault point in a fiber optic link based on OTDR includes:

[0073] The time t required for an optical signal to propagate from the origin of the fiber optic link to the fault point and back to the origin is obtained by OTDR testing.

[0074] The logical distance to the fault point in the optical fiber link is calculated using the formula d = (c × t) / (2 × IOR), where d is the distance between the starting point of the optical fiber link and the fault point, c is the speed of light in a vacuum, and IOR is the refractive index of the optical fiber.

[0075] See Figure 2 By correcting the length of each optical cable segment, the target segment length for each optical cable segment is obtained, including:

[0076] A1: Extract the coordinates of the start and end points of each optical cable segment;

[0077] A2: Obtain the altitude corresponding to the start and end points of each optical cable segment, and correct the coordinates of the start and end points based on the altitude to obtain the target start point coordinates and target end point coordinates;

[0078] A3: Obtain the latitude and longitude corresponding to the target start-point coordinates and target end-point coordinates, and calculate the length of each optical cable segment based on the latitude and longitude.

[0079] A4: The target length of each optical cable segment is calculated based on the coiled length of each optical cable segment and the length of each optical cable segment.

[0080] The coordinates of the starting and ending points are corrected based on altitude, including:

[0081] The elevation of each connector in the fiber optic link was obtained using a DEM and labeled as H. i ;

[0082] The three-dimensional coordinates of each connector location are corrected based on the altitude of each connector in the fiber optic link, specifically: Lj'={(X i ,Y i Z i +H i ),(X i+1 ,Y i+1 Z i+1 +H i+1 )}; where, (X i ,Y i Z i +H i (X) is the target starting point coordinate obtained after correcting the coordinates of the starting point of the optical cable segment. i+1 ,Y i+1 Z i+1 +H i+1 ) is the target endpoint coordinate obtained after correcting the coordinates of the endpoint of the optical cable segment, and Lj' is the new optical cable segment obtained after correcting the coordinates of the start and end points of the optical cable segment.

[0083] The length of each optical cable segment is calculated based on latitude and longitude, including:

[0084] Obtain the latitude and longitude corresponding to the target starting point coordinates and target ending point coordinates of each optical cable segment, and label them as (φi,λi) and (φi+1,λi+1) respectively; where φi represents the longitude of the i-th joint and λi represents the latitude of the i-th joint.

[0085] Through the formula:

[0086]

[0087] The length of each optical cable segment is calculated; where dLj refers to the length of the j-th optical cable segment, and R is the Earth's radius.

[0088] The target segment length for each optical cable segment is calculated based on the coiled length and the total length of each segment, including:

[0089] Extract the coiled length of each optical cable segment;

[0090] The target length of each optical cable segment is obtained by calculating the sum of the coiled length of each segment and the length of each segment.

[0091] The coordinates of the fault point in the fiber optic link are calculated based on the target segment length of each fiber optic cable segment and the logical distance to the fault point in the fiber optic link, including:

[0092] B1: Mark the optical cable segment where the fault point is located as k; mark the target segment length of each optical cable segment as mdLj; where mdLj refers to the target segment length of the j-th optical cable segment;

[0093] B2: Determine whether the condition is met when j = 1: If yes, output k = j, indicating that the fault point is located on the k-th fiber optic cable segment; otherwise, set j = j + 1, continue judging until the judgment condition is met, and output the corresponding value of k.

[0094] B3: Through formula The proportional position of the fault point on the k-th optical cable segment is calculated; where Q is the proportional position of the fault point on the k-th optical cable segment, and mdLk is the target segment length of the k-th optical cable segment.

[0095] B4: The coordinates of the fault point in the optical fiber link are calculated based on the proportional position of the fault point on the kth optical cable segment.

[0096] The coordinates of the fault point in the fiber optic link are as follows:

[0097] (X d ,Y d Z d )=(X k ,Y k Z k )+Q×[(X k+1 -X k ),(Y k+1 -Y k ),(Z k+1 -Z k )]; where, (X d ,Y d Z d (X) represents the coordinates of the fault point in the fiber optic link. k ,Y k Z k ) is the starting coordinate of the k-th optical cable segment.

[0098] For example: Suppose a fiber optic cable link for a wind farm is laid in complex terrain, starting at wind turbine A and ending at substation B. The entire fiber optic cable link is composed of four connectors (including the start and end points). The following is a detailed example analysis based on the method of this invention:

[0099] 1. Data acquisition and spatial model construction;

[0100] Fiber optic path: According to the construction drawings, the fiber optic cable starts from wind turbine A, passes through mountains, rivers and bridges, and finally reaches substation B.

[0101] Connector location:

[0102] Connector 1 (starting point): coordinates (X1, Y1, Z1);

[0103] Connector 2: Coordinates are (X2, Y2, Z2);

[0104] Connector 3: Coordinates are (X3, Y3, Z3);

[0105] Connector 4 (End Point): Coordinates (X4, Y4, Z4);

[0106] Retention length:

[0107] The length of the coil between joint 1 and joint 2 is 100m;

[0108] The length of the coil between joint 2 and joint 3 is 150m;

[0109] The length of the coil between joint 3 and joint 4 is 120m;

[0110] Using AutoCAD software, a spatial rectangular coordinate system was established with fan A as the origin, and the position of each joint was marked as a three-dimensional coordinate.

[0111] 2. Fiber optic link splitting;

[0112] Based on the connector location, the fiber optic link is divided into 3 fiber optic cable segments:

[0113] The first optical cable segment L1 = {(X1,Y1,Z1),(X2,Y2,Z2)};

[0114] The second optical cable segment L2 = {(X2,Y2,Z2),(X3,Y3,Z3)};

[0115] The third optical cable segment L3 = {(X3,Y3,Z3),(X4,Y4,Z4)};

[0116] 3. Obtain the logical distance using OTDR testing;

[0117] A high-energy laser pulse is sent into an optical fiber using an OTDR device, and the time it takes for the reflected light to return is recorded as t = 20 μs. The speed of light in a vacuum is known to be c = 3 × 10⁻⁶. 8 Given a fiber speed of m / s and an IOR (Inductance Ratio) of 1.46, the logical distance is calculated as follows:

[0118] d=(c×t) / (2×IOR)=(3×10 8 ×20×10 -6 ) / (2×1.46)=2054.79m;

[0119] Therefore, the logical distance to the fault point is 2054.79m.

[0120] 4. Length correction for each fiber optic cable segment;

[0121] The elevation of each joint was obtained using DEM: joint 1 is H1, joint 2 is H2, joint 3 is H3, and joint 4 is H4.

[0122] Assume the corrected line segment and coordinates are as follows:

[0123] L1'={(X1,Y1,Z1+H1),(X2,Y2,Z2+H2)};

[0124] L2'={(X2,Y2,Z2+H2),(X3,Y3,Z3+H3)};

[0125] L3'={(X3,Y3,Z3+H3),(X4,Y4,Z4+H4)};

[0126] Latitude and longitude calculation;

[0127] Assume the latitude and longitude of each joint are:

[0128] Connector 1: (φ1, λ1);

[0129] Connector 2: (φ2, λ2);

[0130] Connector 3: (φ3, λ3);

[0131] Connector 4: (φ4, λ4);

[0132] Convert latitude and longitude to radians and substitute them into the formula:

[0133]

[0134] The length of each optical cable segment was calculated; where the Earth's radius R = 6371 km;

[0135] Assuming the calculation yields:

[0136] dL1 = 1113m;

[0137] dL2=1210m;

[0138] dL3 = 1410m;

[0139] Retention length correction;

[0140] By combining the length of the retained portion, the length of the target line segment can be obtained:

[0141] mdL1=dL1+100=1213m;

[0142] mdL2=dL2+150=1360m;

[0143] mdL3=dL3+120=1530m;

[0144] 5. Fault location;

[0145] Identify the fiber optic cable segment where the fault is located;

[0146] Since mdL1+mdL2<d<mdL1+mdL2+mdL3;

[0147] Therefore, the fault point is on the second optical cable segment, i.e., k=2;

[0148] (2) Calculate the proportional position;

[0149] The proportional location of the fault point on the second optical cable segment is:

[0150] Q=(2054.79-1213) / 1360≈0.62;

[0151] Calculate the coordinates of the fault point;

[0152] The coordinates of the fault point in the optical fiber link are calculated based on the proportional position of the fault point on the kth optical cable segment.

[0153] The coordinates of the fault point in the optical fiber link are specifically: (X) d ,Y d Z d )=(X2,Y2,Z2)+Q×[(X3-X2),(Y3-Y2),(Z3-Z2)]; among them, (X d ,Y d Z d () represents the coordinates of the fault point in the fiber optic link.

[0154] This embodiment significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of optical cable fault location by combining complex factors such as the actual laying path of the optical fiber link, terrain features, and splice length. First, a spatial model of the optical fiber link is constructed based on initial data using AutoCAD software, and the elevation of each splice is obtained through DEM for coordinate correction, comprehensively reflecting the actual laying of the optical fiber and its three-dimensional spatial characteristics. Second, the optical fiber link is segmented and the actual length of each cable segment is calculated. The geographical distance is accurately calculated by combining latitude and longitude and the Earth's radius, while the influence of splice length is considered to correct the target segment length, ensuring the accuracy of the length of each cable segment. Finally, based on the logical distance obtained from OTDR testing and the corrected target segment length, the geographic spatial coordinates of the fault point are accurately located by proportional calculation, effectively solving the positioning deviation problem caused by ignoring factors such as terrain changes and splice length in existing methods. At the same time, it not only greatly improves the accuracy of optical cable fault location but also simplifies the processing of complex links, reduces the time cost and potential errors of manual analysis, and provides a scientific and reliable solution for the maintenance, optimization, and fault handling of optical cable lines in wind farms, especially demonstrating superior adaptability and practicality in complex terrain environments.

[0155] See Figure 3 A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for locating optical cable faults, comprising:

[0156] Step 1: Obtain the initial data of the fiber optic link and establish a spatial model of the fiber optic link based on the initial data;

[0157] Step 2: By segmenting the optical fiber link, several optical cable segments are obtained; the logical distance of the fault point in the optical fiber link is obtained based on OTDR;

[0158] Step 3: By correcting the length of each optical cable segment, the target segment length of each optical cable segment is obtained;

[0159] Step 4: Calculate the coordinates of the fault point in the fiber optic link based on the target segment length of each fiber optic cable segment and the logical distance to the fault point in the fiber optic link.

[0160] Some of the data in the above formula are calculated by removing dimensions and taking their numerical values. The formula is the closest to the real situation obtained by software simulation of a large amount of collected data. The preset parameters and preset thresholds in the formula are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation or obtained through simulation of a large amount of data.

[0161] Working principle of the invention:

[0162] This invention acquires initial data of an optical fiber link and establishes a spatial model of the link based on this data. It then segments the optical fiber link into several cable segments. The logical distance to the fault point in the optical fiber link is obtained using an OTDR (Optical Time Detector). The target segment length for each cable segment is obtained by correcting its length. Finally, the coordinates of the fault point in the optical fiber link are calculated based on the target segment length and the logical distance to the fault point. This invention solves the technical problem that existing OTDR fault location methods mainly rely on curve analysis and empirical judgment. Since these methods only provide the logical distance (test core length) to the fault point in the optical fiber link without considering complex factors such as the actual fiber optic laying path, terrain changes, and splice placement, they cannot directly and accurately convert the test core length into a specific geographic location. This results in significant deviations in the location results in complex environments, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-precision geospatial positioning.

[0163] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical methods of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical methods of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical methods of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning system for optical cable fault locations, characterized in that, include: Data acquisition module, data analysis module, and optical cable fault location module; Data acquisition module: Acquires initial data of the fiber optic link and establishes a spatial model of the fiber optic link based on the initial data; Data analysis module: By segmenting the optical fiber link, several optical cable segments are obtained; Obtain the logical distance to the fault point in the fiber optic link based on OTDR; and... By correcting the length of each optical cable segment, the target segment length of each optical cable segment is obtained; Fiber optic cable fault location module: Calculates the coordinates of the fault point in the fiber optic link based on the target segment length of each fiber optic cable segment and the logical distance to the fault point in the fiber optic link; The process of correcting the length of each optical cable segment to obtain the target segment length includes: A1: Extract the coordinates of the start and end points of each optical cable segment; A2: Obtain the altitude corresponding to the start and end points of each optical cable segment, and correct the coordinates of the start and end points based on the altitude to obtain the target start point coordinates and target end point coordinates; A3: Obtain the latitude and longitude corresponding to the target start-point coordinates and target end-point coordinates, and calculate the length of each optical cable segment based on the latitude and longitude. A4: The target length of each optical cable segment is calculated based on the coiled length and the length of each optical cable segment. The correction of the coordinates of the starting and ending points based on altitude includes: The elevation of each connector in the fiber optic link was obtained using a DEM and labeled as H. i ; The three-dimensional coordinates of each connector location are corrected based on the altitude of each connector in the fiber optic link, specifically: Lj'={(X i ,Y i Z i +H i ),(X i+1 ,Y i+1 Z i+1 +H i+1 )}; where, (X i ,Y i Z i +H i (X) is the target starting point coordinate obtained after correcting the coordinates of the starting point of the optical cable segment. i+1 ,Y i+1 Z i+1 +H i+1 ) is the target endpoint coordinate obtained after correcting the coordinates of the endpoint of the optical cable segment, and Lj' is the new optical cable segment obtained after correcting the coordinates of the start and end points of the optical cable segment. The length of each optical cable segment calculated based on latitude and longitude includes: Obtain the latitude and longitude corresponding to the target starting point and target ending point coordinates of each optical cable segment, and mark them as ( i ,λ i )and( i+1 ,λ i+1 );in, i λ represents the longitude of the i-th joint. i Indicates the latitude of the i-th joint; Through the formula: The length of each optical cable segment is calculated; where dLj refers to the length of the j-th optical cable segment, and R is the Earth's radius; The calculation of the target segment length for each optical cable segment based on the coiled length and the total length of each optical cable segment includes: Extract the coiled length of each optical cable segment; The target length of each optical cable segment is obtained by calculating the sum of the coiled length of each segment and the length of each segment.

2. The positioning system for optical cable fault location according to claim 1, characterized in that, The establishment of the spatial model of the fiber optic link based on the initial data includes: A spatial model of the fiber optic link is constructed using 3D modeling software based on initial data. The initial data includes: fiber path, connector location, and coil length. The 3D modeling software includes: AutoCAD or Blender. A spatial rectangular coordinate system is established with the origin at the starting point of the fiber optic link, and the three-dimensional coordinates of each connector position in the fiber optic link are obtained; the three-dimensional coordinates of each connector position are marked as (X... i ,Y i Z i ); where i is the connector number in the fiber optic link, i={1,2,3,…,N}, and N is the total number of connectors in the fiber optic link.

3. A positioning system for optical cable fault locations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves splitting the fiber optic link to obtain several fiber optic cable segments, including: The fiber optic link is divided into several fiber optic cable segments based on the location of the connectors on the fiber optic link, and these segments are labeled Lj; where Lj = {(X i ,Y i Z i ),(X i+1 ,Y i+1 Z i+1 )}, j refers to the label of each optical cable segment, j={1,2,3,…,N-1}, and the start and end points of each optical cable segment are composed of adjacent joints.

4. A positioning system for optical cable fault locations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of obtaining the logical distance to the fault point in the fiber optic link based on OTDR includes: The time t required for an optical signal to propagate from the origin of the fiber optic link to the fault point and back to the origin is obtained by OTDR testing. The logical distance to the fault point in the optical fiber link is calculated using the formula d=(c×t) / (2×IOR); where d is the distance between the starting point of the optical fiber link and the fault point, c is the speed of light in a vacuum, and IOR is the refractive index of the optical fiber.

5. A positioning system for optical cable fault locations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the coordinates of the fault point in the optical fiber link based on the target segment length of each optical cable segment and the logical distance to the fault point in the optical fiber link includes: B1: Mark the optical cable segment where the fault point is located as k; mark the target segment length of each optical cable segment as mdLj; where mdLj refers to the target segment length of the j-th optical cable segment; B2: Determine whether the condition is met when j=1: If yes, output k=j, indicating that the fault point is located on the k-th optical cable segment; otherwise, set j=j+1 and continue judging until the judgment condition is met, and output the corresponding value of k. B3: Through formula The proportional position of the fault point on the k-th optical cable segment is calculated; where Q is the proportional position of the fault point on the k-th optical cable segment, and mdLk is the target segment length of the k-th optical cable segment. B4: The coordinates of the fault point in the optical fiber link are calculated based on the proportional position of the fault point on the kth optical cable segment. The coordinates of the fault point in the fiber optic link are as follows: (X d ,Y d Z d )=(X k ,Y k Z k )+Q×[(X k+1 -X k ),(Y k+1 -Y k ),(Z k+1 -Z k )]; where, (X d ,Y d Z d (X) represents the coordinates of the fault point in the fiber optic link. k ,Y k Z k ) is the starting coordinate of the k-th optical cable segment.

6. A method for locating optical cable faults, applied to the optical cable fault location locating system described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Obtain the initial data of the fiber optic link and establish a spatial model of the fiber optic link based on the initial data; Step 2: By segmenting the optical fiber link, several optical cable segments are obtained; Obtain the logical distance to the fault point in the fiber optic link based on OTDR; Step 3: By correcting the length of each optical cable segment, the target segment length of each optical cable segment is obtained; Step 4: Calculate the coordinates of the fault point in the fiber optic link based on the target segment length of each fiber optic cable segment and the logical distance to the fault point in the fiber optic link.

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