Management control system and control method for tea planting

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tea tree planting, in particular to a management control system for tea planting and a control method.The management control system comprises a seedling raising bed, and an illumination management system used for managing and controlling tea tree seedlings to receive light is arranged above the seedling raising bed; the illumination management system comprises a main beam, a plurality of sun shield structures arranged on the front side of the main beam and used for shielding sunlight, a folding and unfolding structure arranged between the main beam and the sun shield structures and used for folding and unfolding the sun shield structures, and a rotating structure arranged on the rear side of the main beam and used for adjusting the angles of the sun shield structures. By arranging the illumination management system, illumination borne by the seedlings can be managed according to the actual situation of the tea seedlings, in addition, the humidity management system can be synchronously adjusted while illumination is adjusted, and the humidity of the tea seedling planting environment can be adjusted according to the illumination intensity, so that normal growth of the seedlings is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tea tree planting, and in particular relates to a management control system and a control method for tea tree planting. Background Art

[0002] In the process of tea tree planting, the cultivation of seedlings of excellent varieties is extremely important. During the seedling cultivation stage, in order to provide the tea seedlings with a suitable growth environment and ensure that the tea seedlings can grow healthily, not only sufficient and appropriate nutrition is required, but also the planting environment needs to be managed and controlled.

[0003] For example, the invention patent with authorization announcement number CN115606428A discloses a white tea tea tree cultivation system in tea tree seedling cultivation, including track combination modules connected to each other, wherein a support is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the track combination module, and the track combination modules connected to each other in sequence form a movable track, wherein a slide rail opening to the left is provided in the movable track, and a carrier block is slidably arranged in the slide rail, and the carrier block moves back and forth in the slide rail through a sliding drive system, and a swing groove is provided in the carrier block with an opening facing outward, and a cylindrical rotating block is rotatably arranged in the swing groove, and a swing arm extending to the left and extending out of the left opening of the slide rail is fixedly arranged on the left arc surface of the cylindrical rotating block, and the white tea tea tree cultivation system that reduces the labor intensity of spraying irrigation and fertilizing and controls light through remote control assists in seedling management.

[0004] At present, artificial lights are mostly used for illumination in the cultivation of tea seedlings. In order to ensure the natural light spectrum components required by the seedlings, a large number of multiple artificial lights are needed for coordination, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also costly. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem that a large number of multiple artificial lights are needed for coordination during the seedling cultivation process, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and costly, we propose a management control system and control method for tea planting.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a management control system and a control method for tea planting to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a management and control system for tea planting, including a nursery bed, above which is provided a light management system for managing and controlling the light received by tea seedlings, the light management system including a main beam, a plurality of sunshade structures arranged in front of the main beam for shielding sunlight, a retractable and deployable structure arranged between the main beam and the sunshade structure for retracting and deploying the sunshade structure, and a rotating structure arranged at the rear of the main beam for adjusting the angle of the sunshade structure; The sun visor structure comprises a frame, a sunshade glass fixed in the frame, and a rocker connected to the middle of the rear side wall of the frame through a connecting rod; The retractable and deployable structure includes a plurality of oblique rods staggered front and back in an X shape and a plurality of pins for connecting adjacent oblique rods. A first mounting plate is provided at the left end of the front side of the main beam, a first motor is fixed on the inner side of the first mounting plate, an output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the middle part of the oblique rod at the leftmost front end, a connection point of the two oblique rods at the leftmost end is rotatably connected to the front side wall of the main beam, a rear end of the pin at the rightmost end is fixedly connected to a limiting block, and a limiting groove adapted to the limiting block is provided in the middle of the main beam; The rotating structure includes a secondary beam arranged on the rear side of the main beam, an active turning handle and a driven turning handle respectively arranged on the left and right ends of the secondary beam, and a cross bar located above the secondary beam. A second mounting plate is provided at the left end of the rear side of the main beam, a second motor is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second mounting plate, an output shaft of the second motor is fixed to the middle section of the active turning handle, the left and right ends of the cross bar are rotatably connected to the rear side walls of the active turning handle and the driven turning handle respectively, and a sliding groove is provided on the front side wall of the secondary beam.

[0008] In the technical solution of the present invention, the main beam is fixed to the top surface of the seedling bed through support columns symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides, the connecting rod passes through the corresponding pin shaft and the limiting groove in sequence from front to back, the connecting rod and the rocker are perpendicular to each other, the rear end of the rocker is arranged in the slide groove and the rear end of the rocker is slidably connected to the slide groove.

[0009] In the technical solution of the present invention, the active turning handle and the driven turning handle are both L-shaped, the lower halves of the active turning handle and the driven turning handle are arranged parallel to the rocker, the two ends of the cross bar are rotatably connected to the rear side walls of the upper halves of the active turning handle and the driven turning handle respectively, the secondary beam and the cross bar are arranged parallel to each other, the left and right ends of the secondary beam are rotatably connected to the bottom ends of the lower halves of the active turning handle and the driven turning handle respectively, and the bending parts of the active turning handle and the driven turning handle are rotatably connected to the rear side wall of the main beam by setting a connecting shaft.

[0010] In the technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of regularly distributed humidity management systems are provided on the rear side wall of the seedling bed, and the humidity management system includes a water pipe connected to an external water source, a plurality of atomizing nozzles arranged at the front end of the water pipe, and a butterfly valve arranged at the front end of the water pipe.

[0011] In the technical solution of the present invention, the actuator above the butterfly valve is coaxially connected with a rotating rod, a gear group is provided on the top of the rotating rod, the connecting rod is transmission-connected with the corresponding rotating rod through the gear group, a cylinder is fixed on the top surface of the rear wall of the seedling bed, a limiting ring is fixed on the rear side of the cylinder, the ring body of the limiting ring is embedded in the rod wall corresponding to the rotating rod and the two are rotatably connected.

[0012] In the technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of planting troughs distributed in a matrix are provided in the seedling bed, a bottom plate is provided near the bottom surface of the planting trough, a separator is provided near the edge above the bottom plate, the outer edge of the separator is tightly attached to the edge of the inner wall of the planting trough, and a plurality of seepage holes distributed in a matrix are provided on the bottom plate.

[0013] In the technical solution of the present invention, a collecting plate is provided in the seedling bed below the planting trough, and a transplanting management component is provided on the collecting plate. The transplanting management component includes a main support rod, a plurality of frame rods fixedly connected to the main support rod, and a top rod corresponding to the position of the planting trough, the top end of the top rod is fixed to the bottom surface of the bottom plate, the bottom end of the top rod is fixedly connected to the corresponding frame rod, a hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the middle part of the bottom surface of the seedling bed, and the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the collecting plate and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main support rod.

[0014] In the technical solution of the present invention, connecting ropes are symmetrically fixed to the side walls of the main support rod, and the outer ends of the connecting ropes are fixedly connected to push plates. The front and rear side walls of the collecting plate are symmetrically provided with card grooves, and the front and rear ends of the push plate are arranged in the card grooves, and the push plate is slidably connected to the card grooves. A return spring is provided in the middle of the outer side wall of the push plate, and the outer end of the return spring passes through the collecting plate and is fixed to the corresponding inner side wall of the seedling bed.

[0015] In the technical solution of the present invention, a cleaning window is provided in the middle of the front side wall of the seedling bed, the cleaning window is located between the bottom surface of the planting trough and the top surface of the collecting plate, and the front side wall of the collecting plate is provided with a notch corresponding to the cleaning window.

[0016] The second object of the present invention is to provide a tea planting management and control method, comprising the following steps: 1. Planting stage S1. Clean the nursery bed and place the prepared culture soil in the planting trough, then select the fine varieties of tea tree shoots for cuttings and cultivate them in the planting trough; 2. Cultivation and Control Stage S2. During the planting and cultivation process, when the light intensity is too strong, the PLC controller will control the retracting and extending structure, start the first motor to drive the leftmost front inclined rod to rotate clockwise, so that the inclined rods extend to the right along the limit groove; S3. After the fully retractable structure is fully extended, the PLC controller controls the rotating structure, starts the second motor to drive the active handle to rotate counterclockwise, and drives the secondary beam to move synchronously, and then drives the rocker to rotate synchronously through the slide groove on the front side wall of the secondary beam, and then drives the frame and the shading glass to flip through the connecting rod, so as to reduce the light intensity of the seedling bed; S4. While managing the light, the connecting rod will drive the rotating rod to rotate through the gear set, which will then drive the butterfly valve to rotate and open, increasing the water intake of the atomizing nozzle. When the light intensity is too high, the humidity of the nursery bed will be increased to ensure the growth of the tea seedlings. 3. Transplanting management stage S5. When the seedlings are cultivated and transplanted, the PLC controller controls the transplant management component to start the hydraulic cylinder to drive the push rod to lift the bottom plate upward. During the lifting process, the culture soil is separated from the inner wall of the planting trough by the separation piece, so that the tea seedlings can be lifted up together with the culture soil; S6. When the tea seedlings are pushed out, the rising main support rod will pull the push plate inwards through the connecting ropes on both sides to slide along the card slot, and then push the culture soil and culture solution falling from the seepage hole to the cleaning window for cleaning.

[0017] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In the present invention, by setting up a light management system, during the cultivation of tea seedlings, the first motor drives the inclined rod on the leftmost front side to rotate clockwise, so that the plurality of inclined rods extend to the right along the limit groove, and then the second motor drives the active handle to rotate, and the secondary beam is driven by the active handle to move synchronously under the restriction of the cross bar and the driven handle, and then the sliding groove on the front side wall of the secondary beam drives the rocker to rotate synchronously, thereby adjusting the shading angle of the sunshade structure, so that the sunshade structure can adapt to the light intensity of the planting environment without the need for additional artificial lighting.

[0018] 2. In the present invention, by setting up a humidity management system, after the sun visor structure is fully unfolded, the cylinder can be used to drive the rotating rod to move upward so that the two bevel gears in the gear set can engage with each other. Thereafter, when the sun visor structure adjusts its angle according to the ambient light intensity, the gear set will drive the rotating rod to rotate synchronously. When the light intensity is too strong, the inclination angle of the sun visor structure will become larger. At this time, the butterfly valve will increase the water inlet of the water pipe, thereby ensuring the ambient humidity.

[0019] 3. In the present invention, by setting up a transplanting management component, after the seedlings are raised, the main support rod is driven upward by the hydraulic cylinder, and then the top rod is driven upward by the frame rod to push the separation piece. The upward moving separation piece will drive the seedlings and the culture soil in the planting trough to be pushed out together, thereby facilitating the transplanting of the whole seedling and avoiding damage to the roots of the seedlings.

[0020] 4. In the present invention, when transplanting, the upward moving main support rod will drive the connecting ropes on both sides to be pulled inward, and then the push plates on both sides will slide inward along the card slots. The sliding push plates will push the soil blocks and liquid fertilizers and other garbage remaining on the collecting plate to the middle of the collecting plate, and then the staff can clean the garbage remaining on the collecting plate from the cleaning window. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the light management component of the present invention when shading; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lighting management component of the present invention when it is fully opened; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the light management component of the present invention when it is retracted; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sunshade structure of the present invention; Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the expanded structure in the present invention; Figure 7 It is an exploded view of the rotating structure in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the humidity management component in the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the nursery bed in the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the transplanting management component in the present invention.

[0022] Description of reference numerals: 1. Seedling bed; 11. Planting trough; 12. Support column; 13. Collecting plate; 131. Card slot; 14. Separating piece; 15. Bottom plate; 16. Cleaning window; 2. Lighting management system; 21. Sunshade structure; 211. Frame; 212. Shading glass; 213. Connecting rod; 214. Rocker; 22. Main beam; 221. Limiting groove; 23. Retracting and unfolding structure; 231. First mounting plate; 232. First motor; 233. Diagonal rod; 234. Pin; 235. Limiting block; 24. Rotating structure; 241. Second mounting plate; 242. Second motor; 243. Secondary beam; 2431. Slide; 244. Active turning handle; 245. Driven turning handle; 246. Crossbar; 247. Connecting shaft; 3. Humidity management system; 31. Water pipe; 32. Atomizing nozzle; 33. Butterfly valve; 34. Rotating rod; 35. Gear set; 36. Cylinder; 361. Limiting ring; 4. Transplant management assembly; 41. Main support rod; 42. Frame rod; 43. Top rod; 44. Connecting rope; 45. Push plate; 46. Return spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific implementation modes.

[0024] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, throughout the specification, the term “comprise” or variations thereof such as “include” or “comprising” will be understood as including the stated elements or components but not excluding other elements or components.

[0025] Reference Figure 1-Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment provides a technical solution: A management control system and control method for tea planting, comprising a nursery bed 1 for planting and cultivating tea seedlings, a light management system 2 for managing and controlling the light received by the tea seedlings is arranged above the nursery bed 1, the light management system 2 comprises a main beam 22, a plurality of sunshade structures 21 arranged in front of the main beam 22 for shielding sunlight, a retractable and deployable structure 23 arranged between the main beam 22 and the sunshade structure 21 for retracting and unfolding the sunshade structure 21, and a rotating structure 24 arranged at the rear of the main beam 22 for adjusting the angle of the sunshade structure 21, a light sensor can be arranged on the nursery bed 1 to monitor the light intensity, and the light sensor is connected to a PLC controller through a wireless signal, and then the PLC controller controls the light management system 2 through a wire; The sunshade structure 21 includes a frame 211, a shading glass 212 fixed in the frame 211, and a rocker 214 connected to the middle of the rear side wall of the frame 211 through a connecting rod 213. The shading glass 212 refracts light to manage and control the lighting during tea planting and seedling raising. The stowage structure 23 includes a plurality of oblique rods 233 staggered in front and back in an X shape and a plurality of pins 234 for connecting adjacent oblique rods 233. In addition, the oblique rods 233 at the intersection are also provided with pins 234 at the intersection, and the oblique rods 233 are all rotatably connected; A first mounting plate 231 is fixedly connected to the left end of the front side of the main beam 22, and a first motor 232 is fixed to the inner side of the first mounting plate 231 by bolts, and the output shaft of the first motor 232 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the leftmost front inclined rod 233, and the middle connection of the two leftmost inclined rods 233 is rotatably connected to the front side wall of the main beam 22. When retracting and extending, the first motor 232 can drive the leftmost front inclined rod 233 to rotate, thereby driving all the inclined rods 233 to move, and the rear end of the rightmost pin shaft 234 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 235, and the middle part of the main beam 22 is provided with a limiting groove 221 adapted to the limiting block 235. By setting the limiting block 235 and the limiting groove 221, the entire retracting and extending structure 23 is limited and supported, so that all the inclined rods 233 can only be retracted and extended in the direction of the limiting groove 221. The rotating structure 24 includes a secondary beam 243 arranged at the rear side of the main beam 22, an active handle 244 and a driven handle 245 respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the secondary beam 243, and a cross bar 246 located above the secondary beam 243. A second mounting plate 241 is provided at the left end of the rear side of the main beam 22. A second motor 242 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second mounting plate 241. The output shaft of the second motor 242 is fixed to the middle section of the active handle 244. The left and right ends of the cross bar 246 are respectively connected to the active handle 2 44 and the rear side wall of the driven handle 245 are rotatably connected, and a slide groove 2431 is provided on the front side wall of the secondary beam 243. When it is necessary to control the shading angle of the sun visor structure 21, the active handle 244 is driven to rotate by the second motor 242, and the active handle 244 will drive the secondary beam 243 to move horizontally through the restrictions of the driven handle 245 and the cross bar 246, and then the rocker 214 and the active handle 244 are rotated to the same angle through the slide groove 2431, thereby changing the shading angle and changing the light intensity.

[0026] It is worth noting that the first mounting plate 231 and the second mounting plate 241 are both L-shaped and will not block the rotation of the inclined rod 233 and the active turning handle 244; Specifically, Figure 1-Figure 7 As shown, the main beam 22 is fixed to the top surface of the nursery bed 1 by the support columns 12 symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides, and the connecting rod 213 passes through the corresponding pin shaft 234 and the limiting groove 221 from front to back in sequence. When retracting and extending, the inclined rod 233 will drive the pin shaft 234 to move synchronously, and the connecting rod 213 passes through the corresponding pin shaft 234, so that the connecting rod 213 can be retracted and extended synchronously with the inclined rod 233, and because the connecting rod 213 and the frame 211 are fixed, the sunshade structure 21 can be extended synchronously with the corresponding pin shaft 234 located in the middle; Furthermore, the connecting rod 213 and the rocking rod 214 are perpendicular to each other, the rear end of the rocking rod 214 is disposed in the slide groove 2431 and the rear end of the rocking rod 214 is slidably connected to the slide groove 2431, the rocking rod 214 is restricted by the slide groove 2431, and the connecting rod 213 is fixed to the rocking rod 214, and the pin 234 is further restricted by the connecting rod 213, so that all the pins 234 located in the middle are horizontally movable; In addition, when fully shaded, the entire structure Figure 2 As shown, when fully expanded, the entire structure is Figure 3 As shown, when fully contracted, the entire structure is Figure 4 As shown; Furthermore, the active handle 244 and the driven handle 245 are both L-shaped, and the lower halves of the active handle 244 and the driven handle 245 are arranged in parallel with the rocker 214, so as to ensure that the active handle 244, the driven handle 245 and the rocker 214 can move synchronously and have the same rotation angle. The two ends of the cross bar 246 are rotatably connected to the rear side walls of the upper halves of the active handle 244 and the driven handle 245, respectively. The secondary beam 243 and the cross bar 246 are arranged in parallel. By arranging the cross bar 246, the secondary beam 243 and the driven handle 245, the active handle 244, the cross bar 246, the secondary beam 243 and the driven handle 245 form a parallelogram-like structure, so that when the active handle 244 rotates, it will only drive the secondary beam 243 to move horizontally, and at the same time ensure that the rotation angle of the rocker 214 driven by the secondary beam 243 is the same as the rotation angle of the active handle 244. In addition, the left and right ends of the secondary beam 243 are rotatably connected to the lower ends of the active handle 244 and the driven handle 245, respectively. The bending parts of the active handle 244 and the driven handle 245 are rotatably connected to the rear side wall of the main beam 22 by setting a connecting shaft 247. In addition, if Figure 8 As shown, a plurality of regularly distributed humidity management systems 3 are provided on the rear side wall of the seedling raising bed 1. The humidity management system 3 includes a water pipe 31 connected to an external water source, a plurality of atomizing nozzles 32 arranged at the front end of the water pipe 31, and a butterfly valve 33 arranged at the front end of the water pipe 31. The water pipe 31 is connected to the external water source. When the light intensity is too high, water is sprayed out from the atomizing nozzle 32 through a water pump, thereby ensuring the humidity of the entire seedling raising environment. Furthermore, the actuator above the butterfly valve 33 is coaxially connected to a rotating rod 34, and a gear set 35 is provided at the top of the rotating rod 34. The connecting rod 213 is connected to the corresponding rotating rod 34 through the gear set 35. When the light intensity is too high, the retracting and expanding structure 23 will open, thereby causing the two rotating structures 24 on the gear set 35 to; In addition, a cylinder 36 is fixed to the top surface of the rear side wall of the seedling bed 1, and a limit ring 361 is fixed to the rear side of the cylinder 36. The ring body of the limit ring 361 is embedded in the rod wall of the corresponding rotating rod 34 and the two are rotatably connected. After the stowage structure 23 is fully opened, the cylinder 36 drives the rotating rod 34 to move upward through the limit ring 361, so that the two bevel gears in the gear set 35 are meshed with each other. When the rotating structure 24 drives the rotating rod 34 to rotate through the gear set 35, the rotating rod 34 will drive the starter of the butterfly valve 33 to rotate through the flanges extending on both sides, thereby changing the water inlet of the water pipe 31, and then changing the humidity of the entire seedling environment; In addition, if Fig. 9 As shown, the nursery bed 1 is provided with a plurality of planting troughs 11 distributed in a matrix. When planting, the planting troughs 11 are filled with culture soil. The tea seedlings are planted in the planting troughs 11. A bottom plate 15 is provided near the bottom surface of the planting trough 11. A separator 14 is provided near the edge above the bottom plate 15. The outer edge of the separator 14 is in close contact with the inner wall edge of the planting trough 11. By setting the separator 14, the planted seedlings above can be pushed up together with the culture soil during transplanting to avoid directly pulling out the seedlings and damaging the roots of the seedlings. The bottom plate 15 is provided with a plurality of seepage holes distributed in a matrix, and the added liquid fertilizer can fall from the seepage holes to the collecting plate 13.

[0027] Specifically, Fig.10 As shown, a collecting plate 13 is provided below the planting trough 11 in the nursery bed 1, and the collecting plate 13 can collect liquid fertilizers falling from the seepage holes and leaked culture soil. A transplanting management component 4 is provided on the collecting plate 13, and the transplanting management component 4 includes a main support rod 41, a plurality of frame rods 42 fixedly connected to the main support rod 41, and a top rod 43 corresponding to the position of the planting trough 11. The top end of the top rod 43 is fixed to the bottom surface of the bottom plate 15, and the bottom end of the top rod 43 is fixedly connected to the corresponding frame rod 42. A hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the middle part of the bottom surface of the nursery bed 1, and the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the collecting plate 13 and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main support rod 41. After the seedlings are cultivated, the main support rod 41 is driven to move upward by the hydraulic cylinder, and the frame rod 42 and the top rod 43 are fixedly connected to the main support rod 41, which will drive the top rod 43 to move upward, so that the top rod 43 pushes the separation piece 14 upward, and then the seedlings and culture soil in the planting trough 11 are pushed out together; In addition, connecting ropes 44 are symmetrically fixed to the side walls of the main support rod 41, and the outer ends of the connecting ropes 44 are fixedly connected to push plates 45. The front and rear side walls of the collecting plate 13 are symmetrically provided with card slots 131. The front and rear ends of the push plates 45 are arranged in the card slots 131, and the push plates 45 are slidably connected with the card slots 131. When the separation member 14 is pushed up for transplanting, the upward moving main support rod 41 will drive the connecting ropes 44 on both sides to retract to the middle, and then pull the push plates 45 on both sides, so that the push plates 45 slide toward the middle along the card slots 131, and push the fragmented culture soil and liquid fertilizer falling on the collecting plate 13 to the middle of the collecting plate 13; Specifically, a return spring 46 is provided in the middle of the outer wall of the push plate 45, and the outer end of the return spring 46 passes through the collecting plate 13 and is fixed to the corresponding inner wall of the seedling bed 1. After the main support rod 41 falls, the return springs 46 on both sides will pull the push plate 45 to slide outward and return to its original position; In addition, a cleaning window 16 is provided in the middle of the front side wall of the seedling bed 1, and the cleaning window 16 is located between the bottom surface of the planting trough 11 and the top surface of the collecting plate 13. The front side wall of the collecting plate 13 is provided with a notch corresponding to the cleaning window 16. After the push plate 45 pushes the remaining garbage to the middle of the collecting plate 13, the staff can directly clean the garbage from the cleaning window 16.

[0028] The tea planting management and control method of the present invention comprises the following steps: 1. Planting stage S1, clean the nursery bed 1, and place the prepared culture soil in the planting trough 11, and then select the fine varieties of tea tree shoots for cuttings and cultivate them in the planting trough 11; 2. Cultivation and Control Stage S2. During the planting and cultivation process, a light sensor is set to sense the light intensity and transmit it to the PLC controller through a wireless signal. When the light intensity is too strong, the PLC controller first controls the retractable structure 23 to start the first motor 232, and the first motor 232 drives the inclined rod 233 at the leftmost front side to rotate clockwise, so that the inclined rods 233 are extended to the right along the limit slot 221; S3. After the fully retractable structure 23 is fully extended, the PLC controller controls the rotating structure 24 to start the second motor 242, and the second motor 242 drives the active handle 244 to rotate counterclockwise; and the active handle 244 drives the secondary beam 243 to move synchronously under the restriction of the cross bar 246 and the driven handle 245, and then drives the rocker 214 to rotate synchronously through the slide groove 2431 on the front side wall of the secondary beam 243, and the rotating rocker 214 drives the frame 211 and the shading glass 212 to flip through the connecting rod 213, thereby reducing the light intensity received by the nursery bed 1; S4. During the light management, the connecting rod 213 drives the rotating rod 34 to rotate through the gear set 35, and the bottom end of the rotating rod 34 is coaxially connected to the actuator of the butterfly valve 33, which in turn drives the butterfly valve 33 to rotate and open, thereby increasing the water intake of the atomizing nozzle 32, so that the water spraying amount of the atomizing nozzle 32 increases, and then when the light intensity is too high, the humidity of the nursery bed 1 is increased to ensure the growth of the tea seedlings; 3. Transplanting management stage S5. When the seedlings are cultivated and transplanted, the PLC controller controls the transplant management component 4 to start the hydraulic cylinder, so that the hydraulic cylinder drives the push rod 43 to push up the bottom plate 15. During the pushing process, the culture soil is separated from the inner wall of the planting trough 11 by the separation member 14, so that the tea tree seedlings can be lifted up together with the culture soil, which is not only convenient for the seedlings to be taken out and transplanted, but also can avoid the seedling roots from being damaged when the seedlings are directly pulled out; S6. When the tea seedlings are pushed out, the rising main support rod 41 will pull the push plate 45 inward through the connecting ropes 44 on both sides, so that the push plate 45 slides along the card groove 131, and then pushes the culture soil and culture solution falling from the seepage hole to the cleaning window 16 for cleaning, avoiding the occurrence of cleaning dead corners on the collecting plate 13.

[0029] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for the purpose of illustration and demonstration. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise form disclosed, and it is clear that many changes and variations can be made based on the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention and various different selections and changes. The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by the specification and its equivalents.

Claims

1. A management and control system for tea planting, comprising a nursery bed (1) for planting and cultivating tea seedlings, characterized in that: A light management system (2) for managing and controlling the light received by the tea seedlings is provided above the nursery bed (1), the light management system (2) comprising a main beam (22), a plurality of sunshade structures (21) arranged on the front side of the main beam (22) for shielding sunlight, a retractable and deployable structure (23) arranged between the main beam (22) and the sunshade structure (21) for retracting and deploying the sunshade structure (21), and a rotating structure (24) arranged on the rear side of the main beam (22) for adjusting the angle of the sunshade structure (21); The sun visor structure (21) comprises a frame (211), a sunshade glass (212) fixed in the frame (211), and a rocker (214) connected to the middle of the rear side wall of the frame (211) via a connecting rod (213); The stowage and expansion structure (23) comprises a plurality of oblique rods (233) staggeredly arranged in an X shape in front and back, and a plurality of pins (234) for connecting adjacent oblique rods (233); a first mounting plate (231) is provided at the left end of the front side of the main beam (22); a first motor (232) is fixed inside the first mounting plate (231); an output shaft of the first motor (232) is fixedly connected to the middle of the oblique rod (233) at the leftmost front end; a connection point between the two oblique rods (233) at the leftmost end is rotatably connected to the front side wall of the main beam (22); a rear end of the pin (234) at the rightmost end is fixedly connected to a limiting block (235); and a limiting groove (221) adapted to the limiting block (235) is provided in the middle of the main beam (22); The rotating structure (24) comprises a secondary beam (243) arranged at the rear side of the main beam (22), a driving handle (244) and a driven handle (245) respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the secondary beam (243), and a cross bar (246) located above the secondary beam (243); a second mounting plate (241) is provided at the left end of the rear side of the main beam (22); a second motor (242) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second mounting plate (241); an output shaft of the second motor (242) is fixed to the middle section of the driving handle (244); the left and right ends of the cross bar (246) are respectively rotatably connected to the rear side walls of the driving handle (244) and the driven handle (245); and a sliding groove (2431) is provided on the front side wall of the secondary beam (243).

2. The tea planting management and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main beam (22) is fixed to the top surface of the nursery bed (1) through a support column (12) symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides. The connecting rod (213) passes through the corresponding pin shaft (234) and the limiting groove (221) from front to back in sequence. The connecting rod (213) and the rocker (214) are perpendicular to each other. The rear end of the rocker (214) is arranged in the slide groove (2431) and the rear end of the rocker (214) is slidably connected to the slide groove (2431).

3. The tea planting management and control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The active rotating handle (244) and the driven rotating handle (245) are both L-shaped. The lower half of the active rotating handle (244) and the driven rotating handle (245) are arranged in parallel with the rocker (214). The two ends of the cross bar (246) are rotatably connected to the rear side walls of the upper half of the active rotating handle (244) and the driven rotating handle (245). The secondary beam (243) and the cross bar (246) are arranged in parallel. The left and right ends of the secondary beam (243) are rotatably connected to the bottom ends of the lower half of the active rotating handle (244) and the driven rotating handle (245). The bending parts of the active rotating handle (244) and the driven rotating handle (245) are rotatably connected to the rear side wall of the main beam (22) by setting a connecting shaft (247).

4. The tea planting management and control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of regularly distributed humidity management systems (3) are provided on the rear side wall of the seedling bed (1), and the humidity management system (3) comprises a water pipe (31) connected to an external water source, a plurality of atomizing nozzles (32) arranged at the front end of the water pipe (31), and a butterfly valve (33) arranged at the front end of the water pipe (31).

5. The tea planting management and control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The actuator above the butterfly valve (33) is coaxially connected to a rotating rod (34), a gear set (35) is provided at the top of the rotating rod (34), the connecting rod (213) is transmission-connected to the corresponding rotating rod (34) via the gear set (35), a cylinder (36) is fixed to the top surface of the rear wall of the seedling bed (1), a limiting ring (361) is fixed to the rear side of the cylinder (36), the ring body of the limiting ring (361) is embedded in the rod wall of the corresponding rotating rod (34), and the two are rotationally connected.

6. The tea planting management and control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The seedling bed (1) is provided with a plurality of planting troughs (11) arranged in a matrix, a bottom plate (15) is provided near the bottom surface of the planting trough (11), a separator (14) is provided above the bottom plate (15) near the edge, the outer edge of the separator (14) is in close contact with the inner wall edge of the planting trough (11), and a plurality of water seepage holes arranged in a matrix are provided on the bottom plate (15).

7. The tea planting management and control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A collecting plate (13) is provided in the seedling bed (1) below the planting trough (11), and a transplanting management component (4) is provided on the collecting plate (13). The transplanting management component (4) comprises a main support rod (41), a plurality of frame rods (42) fixedly connected to the main support rod (41), and a top rod (43) corresponding to the position of the planting trough (11), the top end of the top rod (43) is fixed to the bottom surface of the bottom plate (15), and the bottom end of the top rod (43) is fixedly connected to the corresponding frame rod (42). A hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the middle of the bottom surface of the seedling bed (1), and the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the collecting plate (13) and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main support rod (41).

8. The tea planting management and control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A connecting rope (44) is symmetrically fixed to the side wall of the main support rod (41), and a push plate (45) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the connecting rope (44). The front and rear side walls of the collecting plate (13) are symmetrically provided with a clamping groove (131), and the front and rear ends of the push plate (45) are arranged in the clamping groove (131), and the push plate (45) is slidably connected to the clamping groove (131). A return spring (46) is provided in the middle of the outer side wall of the push plate (45), and the outer end of the return spring (46) passes through the collecting plate (13) and is fixed to the corresponding inner side wall of the seedling bed (1).

9. The tea planting management and control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A cleaning window (16) is provided in the middle of the front side wall of the nursery bed (1), the cleaning window (16) being located between the bottom surface of the planting trough (11) and the top surface of the collecting plate (13), and a notch corresponding to the cleaning window (16) is provided on the front side wall of the collecting plate (13).

10. A tea planting management and control method, using the tea planting management and control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved:

1. Planting stage S1, cleaning the nursery bed (1), placing the prepared culture soil in the planting trough (11), and then selecting fine varieties of tea tree shoots for cuttings and cultivating them in the planting trough (11); 2. Cultivation and Control Stage S2. During the planting and cultivation process, when the light intensity is too strong, the PLC controller controls the retracting and extending structure (23), starts the first motor (232) to drive the leftmost front inclined rod (233) to rotate clockwise, so that the plurality of inclined rods (233) are extended to the right along the limiting groove (221); S3, after the fully retractable structure (23) is fully extended, the PLC controller controls the rotating structure (24), starts the second motor (242) to drive the active rotating handle (244) to rotate counterclockwise, thereby driving the secondary beam (243) to move synchronously, and then drives the rocker (214) to rotate synchronously through the slide groove (2431) on the front side wall of the secondary beam (243), and then drives the frame (211) and the shading glass (212) to flip through the connecting rod (213), thereby reducing the light intensity received by the nursery bed (1); S4. While managing the light, the connecting rod (213) drives the rotating rod (34) to rotate through the gear set (35), which in turn drives the butterfly valve (33) to rotate and open, thereby increasing the water intake of the atomizing nozzle (32). When the light intensity is too high, the humidity of the nursery bed (1) is increased to ensure the growth of the tea seedlings; 3. Transplanting management stage S5. When the seedlings are cultivated and transplanted, the PLC controller controls the transplant management component (4) to start the hydraulic cylinder to drive the push rod (43) to lift the bottom plate (15) upward. During the lifting process, the culture soil is separated from the inner wall of the planting trough (11) by the separation member (14), so that the tea seedlings can be lifted together with the culture soil; S6. When the tea tree seedling is pushed out, the rising main support rod (41) pulls the push plate (45) inwards through the connecting ropes (44) on both sides to slide along the card slot (131), thereby pushing the culture soil and culture solution falling from the seepage hole to the cleaning window (16) for cleaning.

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