Method for planting apples with high polyphenol content

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method of apples with high polyphenol content, which is characterized in that reasonable fertilization operation is reasonably carried out at different stages, particularly foliar fertilizer with potato extract as a main component is added after the apples bear fruits, and the polyphenol content of the apples can be obviously improved through verification; the yield of the planted apples and the polyphenol content in the pulp are high, and the economic value is high. The method is simple in planting operation, low in cost and suitable for most farmer households.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of apple planting, and in particular to a method for planting apples with high polyphenol content. Background Art

[0002] Apple polyphenols is the general name for polyphenols contained in apples. Apple polyphenols have the effects of anti-oxidation, lowering blood lipids, anti-aging and preventing diseases. Therefore, apples with high polyphenol content are more valuable for health care and have higher economic value. At present, measures to increase the polyphenol content of apples can be achieved by controlling the illumination and the wavelength of the light, but this is costly and complicated to operate, which is not suitable for most growers. Summary of the invention

[0003] Therefore, based on the above background, the present invention provides a method for growing apples with a high polyphenol content, which is simple to operate, easy to implement and low in cost.

[0004] The technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0005] A method for growing apples with a high polyphenol content, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. In September, turn the soil and spread the base fertilizer;

[0007] S2. Dig holes from late October to November and plant dwarf apple saplings;

[0008] S3. Topdress once every 3-5 months and carry out regular pest and disease prevention and weed control;

[0009] S4. When the fruit begins to set, apply foliar fertilizer every 15-20 days until 15-25 days before harvesting.

[0010] S5: Continue to apply top dressing every 3-5 months, and continue to apply foliar fertilizer when the next fruit sets.

[0011] Furthermore, the base fertilizer in step S1 is made of the following raw materials by weight:

[0012] 30-50 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 10-25 parts of potato peels, 5-10 parts of biochar powder, and 5-10 parts of wood ash.

[0013] Furthermore, the raw materials for preparing the foliar fertilizer in steps S4 and S5 include potato extract and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0014] Furthermore, the preparation of the potato extract comprises the following steps:

[0015] Fresh potatoes are peeled, cut into pieces, ground, added with water and filtered, and the filtrate is the potato extract.

[0016] Furthermore, 1-5 kg ​​of water is added per 1 kg of potato chunks.

[0017] Furthermore, the preparation of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0018] Take the potato extract, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate at a concentration of 0.2 wt % and dissolve it therein.

[0019] Furthermore, the fertilizer used for topdressing in step S3 is decomposed sheep manure.

[0020] Furthermore, the dwarf apple saplings planted in step S2 are at least one year old.

[0021] Furthermore, in steps S4 and S5, the relative humidity of the soil at the root of the apple tree is controlled at 50-60% during the fruit color change period.

[0022] The beneficial effects achieved by adopting the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] The present invention reasonably performs reasonable fertilization operations at different stages, especially the foliar fertilizer with potato extract as the main component added after the apples are fruited. It has been verified that it can significantly help to increase the polyphenol content of apples, and the apples obtained by planting have high yields and high polyphenol content, and high economic value.

[0024] The planting operation of the invention is simple and low in cost, and can be applied to most growers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In 2021, experiments were started in four experimental fields at the apple base of Luochuan Xinlin Fruit Development Co., Ltd. Each experimental field is 70m long and 70m wide, namely Field No. 1, Field No. 2, Field No. 3, and Field No. 4.

[0027] (1) The apple planting operation steps for field 1 are as follows:

[0028] A method for growing apples with a high polyphenol content, characterized in that:

[0029] S1. In September, turn the soil and spread the base fertilizer; the fertilizer rate per square meter is 0.5-1kg / m 3The method of fertilization is to spread base fertilizer after turning the soil.

[0030] The base fertilizer is made of the following raw materials by weight:

[0031] 30-50 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 10-25 parts of potato peels, 5-10 parts of biochar powder, and 5-10 parts of wood ash.

[0032] Specifically, the composted sheep manure is naturally fermented for more than 20 days.

[0033] S2. Dig holes from late October to November and plant dwarf apple saplings;

[0034] 15 saplings were evenly planted in Field No. 1, and the dwarf apple saplings were 2-year-old saplings.

[0035] S3. Topdress once every 3-5 months and carry out regular pest and disease prevention and weed control;

[0036] The fertilizer used for topdressing in this step is decomposed sheep manure, and the amount of topdressing for each apple tree is 5-10kg.

[0037] S4. When the fruit starts to set for the first time, apply foliar fertilizer every 20 days until 15-25 days before picking.

[0038] In this step, during the spraying process of foliar fertilizer, the whole tree including the fruit setting area is sprayed with fertilizer.

[0039] S5: Continue to apply top dressing every 45-60 days, and continue to apply foliar fertilizer when the next fruit is set.

[0040] Steps S4 and S5 control the relative humidity of the soil at the root of the apple tree to 50-60% during the fruit color change period.

[0041] The raw materials for preparing the foliar fertilizer applied in steps S4 and S5 of field No. 1 include potato extract and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

[0042] The preparation of the potato extract comprises the following steps:

[0043] Fresh potatoes are peeled, cut into pieces, ground, added with water and filtered, and the filtrate is the potato extract.

[0044] Add 1-5 kg ​​of water for every 1 kg of potato chunks.

[0045] The preparation of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0046] Take the potato extract, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate at a concentration of 0.2 wt % and dissolve it therein.

[0047] (2) The apple planting operation steps for field 2 are as follows:

[0048] S1. In September, turn the soil and spread the base fertilizer;

[0049] This step is the same as that of field No. 1.

[0050] S2. Dig holes from late October to November and plant dwarf apple saplings;

[0051] This step is the same as that of field No. 1.

[0052] S3. Apply top dressing every 3-5 months and carry out regular pest and disease prevention and weed control.

[0053] This step is the same as that of field No. 1.

[0054] Compared with Field 1, no foliar fertilizer was applied to the apple trees in Field 2.

[0055] (3) The apple planting operation steps for field 3 are as follows:

[0056] S1. In September, turn the soil and spread the base fertilizer;

[0057] This step is the same as that of field No. 1.

[0058] S2. Dig holes from late October to November and plant dwarf apple saplings;

[0059] This step is the same as that of field No. 1.

[0060] S3. Topdress once every 3-5 months and carry out regular pest and disease prevention and weed control;

[0061] This step is the same as that of field No. 1.

[0062] S4. When the fruit begins to set, apply foliar fertilizer every 10 days until 15-25 days before harvesting.

[0063] The foliar fertilizer of Field No. 3 did not contain potato extract compared to Field No. 1, and was prepared by adding potassium dihydrogen phosphate dissolved in water at a concentration of 0.2 wt%.

[0064] S5: Continue to apply top dressing every 45-60 days, and continue to apply foliar fertilizer when the next fruit is set.

[0065] (4) The apple planting operation steps for field 3 are as follows:

[0066] S1. In September, turn the soil and spread the base fertilizer;

[0067] This step is the same as that of field No. 1.

[0068] S2. Dig holes from late October to November and plant dwarf apple saplings;

[0069] This step is the same as that of field No. 1.

[0070] S3. Topdress once every 3-5 months, and routinely carry out pest and disease prevention and weed control; and apply foliar fertilizer every 20 days;

[0071] S5: Continue to apply top dressing every 3-5 months, and continue to apply foliar fertilizer when the next fruit sets.

[0072] The dwarf apple saplings planted in Fields 1 to 4 are from the same batch of saplings, which are saplings obtained by grafting two-year-old Red Fuji apple tree branches onto Hawthorn rootstocks and cultivating them for two years.

[0073] In addition, routine management is carried out on fields 1 to 4, and base fertilizer is applied once in September each year, with a fertilizer rate of 0.2-0.4kg / m 3 , no top dressing should be done within at least one month before applying base fertilizer.

[0074] In the third year after the apples were planted in Fields 1 to 4, the ripe apples were collected and their yields were counted. Ten apples produced in each experimental field were randomly selected and the polyphenol content of their pulp was tested. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0075] Table 1: Statistics of production and polyphenol content

[0076] Group Total output (kg) Polyphenol content (mg / kg) Field No. 1 2471 514.12 Field No. 2 1853 423.55 Field No. 3 2045 474.23 Field No. 4 2502 531.56

[0077] Note: The detection operation of polyphenol content in the above table refers to the detection operation of apple pulp in "Analysis of polyphenol components and contents of fruits of 27 Xinjiang apple germplasm resources" by Wang Guangyi, Lu Xiang, etc., and the average result is taken.

[0078] It is obvious from Table 1 that the polyphenol content of the apple pulp planted by the present invention is the highest, and in the planting process, the application of foliar fertilizer before fruit setting has no significant effect on the increase of polyphenol content in the pulp compared with the application of foliar fertilizer after fruit setting in the present application. Comparing the results of Field No. 1 with Field No. 3, it can be seen that the spraying of potato extract can significantly increase the polyphenol content in apple pulp.

[0079] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. What is shown in the embodiment is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for growing apples with high polyphenol content, characterized in that: S1. In September, turn the soil and spread the base fertilizer; S2. Dig holes from late October to November and plant dwarf apple saplings; S3. Topdress once every 3-5 months and carry out regular pest and disease prevention and weed control; S4. When the fruit begins to set, apply foliar fertilizer every 15-20 days until 15-25 days before harvesting. S5: Continue to apply top dressing every 3-5 months, and continue to apply foliar fertilizer when the next fruit setting period comes.

2. The method for growing apples with high polyphenol content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base fertilizer in step S1 is made of the following raw materials by weight: 30-50 parts of decomposed sheep manure, 10-25 parts of potato peels, 5-10 parts of biochar powder, and 5-10 parts of wood ash.

3. The method for growing apples with high polyphenol content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the foliar fertilizer in steps S4 and S5 include potato extract and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

4. The method for growing apples with high polyphenol content according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation of the potato extract comprises the following steps: Fresh potatoes are peeled, cut into pieces, ground, added with water and filtered, and the filtrate is the potato extract.

5. The method for growing apples with high polyphenol content according to claim 4, characterized in that: Add 1-5 kg ​​of water for every 1 kg of potato chunks.

6. The method for growing apples with high polyphenol content according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation of the foliar fertilizer comprises the following steps: Take the potato extract, add potassium dihydrogen phosphate at a concentration of 0.2 wt % and dissolve it therein.

7. The method for growing apples with high polyphenol content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer used for topdressing in step S3 is decomposed sheep manure.

8. The method for growing apples with high polyphenol content according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dwarf apple saplings planted in step S2 are at least one year old.

9. The method for growing apples with high polyphenol content according to claim 1, characterized in that: Steps S4 and S5 control the relative humidity of the soil at the root of the apple tree to 50-60% during the fruit color change period.