Composite artificial fish reef

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite type artificial fish reef which is characterized in that the artificial fish reef is composed of a bottom reef body, a middle reef body and a top reef body, a supporting leg mechanism is further arranged below the bottom reef body, the bottom reef body comprises an upper bottom reef body 1, the upper bottom reef body 1 is in a hollow regular n-prism frustum shape, and the middle reef body and the top reef body are arranged on the upper bottom reef body 1. The reef is formed by sequentially splicing n first side plates 2, each first side plate 2 is provided with a plurality of small permeable holes 3 distributed in an array mode, meanwhile, the center of each first side plate 2 is further provided with a large permeable hole 4, the bottom end of the upper bottom reef body 1 is connected with a lower bottom reef body 5, the lower bottom reef body 5 is in a hollow hemisphere shape, and the upper bottom reef body 5 is connected with the lower bottom reef body 5. And the lower bottom reef body 5 is also provided with a plurality of small permeable holes 3 which are distributed in an array mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of marine ecological restoration, in particular to a composite artificial fish reef. Background Art

[0002] The current marine ecology is facing problems such as the degradation of natural coral reefs and the decline of marine biodiversity. Artificial reefs, as a common tool for marine ecological restoration, can provide habitats for fish, shellfish and algae. However, existing artificial reefs often fail to fully optimize water filtration, habitat support and ecological balance, and fail to fully consider the growth needs of various marine species, effective water exchange and the stability of reef structures during design.

[0003] Existing artificial reefs have many problems in practical application: ① Low water filtration efficiency: Traditional fish reefs are mostly constructed with smooth concrete blocks or waste materials, lacking attachment bases for filter-feeding marine organisms, resulting in limited improvement in water quality. Without sufficient filter-feeding organisms such as shellfish, plankton in the seawater will over-reproduce, causing problems such as eutrophication and hypoxia. When water exchange is not smooth, stagnant water areas are easily formed inside the reef, and the lack of oxygen further inhibits the ecological function of the fish reef.

[0004] ② Insufficient fish habitat space: Many existing artificial reefs have a single structure, with internal cavities and insufficient surface roughness, making it difficult to provide shelter and spawning sites for fish of various sizes. The lack of habitat space has limited the number and diversity of fish, and young fish lack places to hide from predators, which is not conducive to the reproduction of fish and the proliferation of resources.

[0005] ③ Poor structural stability: Some reef designs are not stable enough in strong currents and wind and waves, and may shift, fall or disintegrate after long-term operation. For example, an artificial reef built with waste tires was washed away by a tropical storm, and the tires drifted around and damaged the surrounding corals. Once the reef is displaced or damaged, it will not only reduce its ecological function, but may also cause secondary pollution and additional maintenance costs.

[0006] ④ Limited ecological functions: Traditional artificial fish reefs have insufficient ecological functions, which is mainly reflected in the lack of effective coordination with the surrounding ecosystem and relatively single functions. Most traditional fish reefs have not been designed with a mechanism to effectively transport nutrients such as fish feces to algae growth areas, resulting in insufficient nutrition and limited growth of algae. At the same time, its structural design fails to effectively guide water flow, promote water exchange and nutrient circulation, and limits the absorption of nutrients by algae and the flow of material and energy in the ecosystem. In addition, traditional fish reefs do not fully consider providing algae with suitable attachment substrates and lighting conditions, which is not conducive to algae attachment and photosynthesis, resulting in weak stability and self-regulation of the ecosystem, making it difficult to cope with environmental changes.

[0007] The above problems weaken the positive effects of artificial reefs on the marine ecological environment, making it difficult to fully achieve the original intention of improving water quality, providing habitats and long-term stability. Therefore, an improved technical solution is needed to solve technical problems such as insufficient water exchange and purification, limited habitat space, insufficient material utilization and unstable structure, so as to have a more positive impact on the marine environment. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and proposes a multi-layer ecological structure with simple structure, ingenious design and reasonable layout, which can effectively improve the water purification and habitat creation capabilities, and at the same time enhance the stability of the reef itself.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is: a composite artificial fish reef, characterized in that: the artificial fish reef is composed of a bottom reef body, a middle reef body and a top reef body, and a leg mechanism is also arranged below the bottom reef body. The bottom reef body comprises an upper bottom reef body 1, which is a hollow regular n-prism shape and is formed by sequentially splicing n first side panels 2. The first side panel 2 is provided with a plurality of small water-permeable holes 3 distributed in an array, and a large water-permeable hole 4 is also provided at the center of the first side panel 2. The bottom end of the upper bottom reef body 1 is connected to a lower bottom reef body 5, which is a hollow hemispherical shape and also has a plurality of small water-permeable holes 3 distributed in an array. A guide pipe 6 is provided in the cavity of the bottom reef body, and the bottom end opening of the guide pipe 6 is connected with the large water-permeable hole 4 provided at the center of the lower bottom reef body 5. The top end opening of the guide pipe 6 is lower than the upper edge of the upper bottom reef body 1, and a plurality of first spiral guide plates 7 are provided on the outer wall of the guide pipe 6. The middle reef body is a hollow regular n-prism, which is formed by splicing n second side panels 8 in sequence, and the bottom edges of the n second side panels 8 correspond to the top edges of the n first side panels 2 one by one and are fixedly connected. The second side panels 8 are provided with four array-distributed square through holes 9, and a plurality of randomly distributed shelters are arranged in the cavity of the middle reef body. The top reef body is a regular n-prism frame structure, which is composed of multiple support beams 10. A lifting ring 11 is arranged at the top center of the top reef body. The bottom end face of the top reef body is a regular n-gon. The lifting ring 11 is connected to n seedling ropes 12. The bottom ends of the n seedling ropes 12 are respectively connected to n vertices of the bottom end face of the top reef body. Algal spores are attached to the seedling ropes 12. The outer walls of the middle reef body and the top reef body are provided with n second spiral guide vanes 13 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The leg mechanism comprises n legs 14, the top of each leg 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper bottom reef body 1, and an anti-settling plate 15 is arranged in the middle of the leg 14. n is a natural number greater than or equal to 3.

[0010] The central axis of the small water-permeable hole 3 and the large water-permeable hole 4 on the first side plate 2 forms an angle of 30° with the horizontal plane, and the inclination direction is upward.

[0011] The first side plate 2 and the lower bottom reef body 5 are both made of a rough and porous base material, such as ecological concrete mixed with crushed shells.

[0012] The top of the top reef is connected with a rope 16, the top of the rope 16 is fixedly connected to a floating plate 17, and an inclined solar panel 18 is arranged on the floating plate 17. A battery 19 and a control module 20 are also arranged on the floating plate 17 below the solar panel 18. A plurality of lighting lamp bodies 21 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of the top reef body. The lighting lamp body 21 includes a lamp post 22. A plurality of lamp beads 23 are evenly spaced on the lamp post 22. A waterproof speaker 24 is provided in the inner cavity of the middle reef. The lamp beads 23 and the waterproof speaker 24 are connected to the control module 20 through wires, and they are uniformly controlled by the control system in the control module 20. The control module 20 is also provided with a wireless data transmission module which is also controlled by the control system.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: This type of composite artificial reef has a simple structure, ingenious design and reasonable layout. Compared with traditional reefs, it has the following advantages: ① The efficiency of water purification and water exchange is greatly improved: the bottom reef has a large attachment area and the surface roughness creates a good habitat for shellfish, which can effectively attract filter-feeding shellfish to gather here. The spiral guide plates inside the bottom reef and outside the device can effectively improve the water quality around the fish reef. Shellfish (such as oysters and mussels) attached to the bottom reef can continuously filter suspended particles and plankton in seawater, improve water transparency and oxygen content, which is equivalent to installing an efficient biological water filtration system for the reef area, which can significantly reduce the risk of harmful algal blooms and eutrophication. At the same time, the design of the hollow spiral guide plate inside the reef strengthens the exchange of water between the upper and lower layers of the reef, and promotes the effective upward transport of filtered water and nutrients. In other words, it can process and refresh more water per unit time, and the water purification efficiency, nutrient utilization rate and water exchange rate are several times higher than those of traditional fish reefs, which is conducive to creating a clean and oxygen-rich local marine environment.

[0014] ② Promote the symbiosis of multiple marine organisms, with significant ecological benefits: This type of artificial fish reef, through a layered structure, simultaneously meets the survival needs of multiple types of marine organisms, and realizes the symbiosis and mutual benefit of shellfish, algae and fish on one reef. Shellfish and algae reproduce on the reef, providing food and habitat matrix for other organisms, and fish foraging and avoiding enemies here. The three together constitute a stable food web and energy circulation system. In contrast, traditional fish reefs often only focus on fish aggregation, lack consideration of primary producers and filter feeders, and have a single ecological benefit. This design significantly improves biodiversity: it is expected that each composite fish reef will be able to attach hundreds of shellfish and a variety of large seaweeds, further attracting many invertebrates and fish to inhabit, and a fish reef unit can form a "small ecosystem". This multi-species symbiosis not only increases the amount of fishery resources per unit sea area, but also enhances the system's self-sustaining ability and anti-disturbance ability-even in the face of seasonal environmental changes, it can still maintain the continuity and stability of ecological functions.

[0015] ③ Enhanced reef stability and extended service life: The spiral guide vane installed on the outside of the device can effectively reduce the impact and drag of the current on the reef, so that the reef remains stable in large waves and currents; the bottom foot support is inserted into the seabed, and the anti-sinking disc can increase the contact area with the seabed, further improving the anti-overturning and anti-sinking capabilities. Compared with the traditional simple-shaped fish reefs that are easily scoured and displaced, this design greatly reduces the probability of damage to the fish reefs under harsh sea conditions. In practical applications, stable artificial reefs can often exist intact on the seabed for decades and continue to play ecological functions. Due to the stable structure and biological attachment reinforcement (shellfish shell attachment can further enhance structural integrity), the service life of the present invention is expected to be significantly longer than that of ordinary fish reefs, and it can serve for a long time without frequent replacement. The direct benefit brought about by this is the reduction of maintenance costs: the management department does not have to frequently adjust or rebuild the reef, saving manpower and material investment. At the same time, the reef provides ecological services stably for a long time, and the accumulated environmental benefits and fishery benefits will also be more considerable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the main part of the fish reef in the embodiment of the present invention (direction one).

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the main part of the fish reef in an embodiment of the present invention (direction two).

[0019] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the fish reef in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5It is a schematic structural diagram of the guide tube and the first spiral guide plate in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lighting lamp body in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the waterproof speaker part in the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 7 As shown: A composite artificial fish reef, which consists of a bottom reef body, a middle reef body and a top reef body, and a leg mechanism is also arranged under the bottom reef body. The bottom reef body comprises an upper bottom reef body 1, which is a hollow regular n-prism shape and is formed by sequentially splicing n first side panels 2. The first side panel 2 is provided with a plurality of small water-permeable holes 3 distributed in an array, and a large water-permeable hole 4 is also provided at the center of the first side panel 2. The bottom end of the upper bottom reef body 1 is connected to a lower bottom reef body 5, which is a hollow hemispherical shape and also has a plurality of small water-permeable holes 3 distributed in an array. A guide pipe 6 is provided in the cavity of the bottom reef body, and the bottom end opening of the guide pipe 6 is connected with the large water-permeable hole 4 provided at the center of the lower bottom reef body 5. The top end opening of the guide pipe 6 is lower than the upper edge of the upper bottom reef body 1, and a plurality of first spiral guide plates 7 are provided on the outer wall of the guide pipe 6. The middle reef body is a hollow regular n-prism, which is formed by splicing n second side panels 8 in sequence, and the bottom edges of the n second side panels 8 correspond to the top edges of the n first side panels 2 one by one and are fixedly connected. The second side panels 8 are provided with four array-distributed square through holes 9, and a plurality of randomly distributed shelters are arranged in the cavity of the middle reef body. The top reef body is a regular n-prism frame structure, which is composed of multiple support beams 10. A lifting ring 11 is arranged at the top center of the top reef body. The bottom end face of the top reef body is a regular n-gon. The lifting ring 11 is connected to n seedling ropes 12. The bottom ends of the n seedling ropes 12 are respectively connected to n vertices of the bottom end face of the top reef body. Algal spores are attached to the seedling ropes 12. The outer walls of the middle reef body and the top reef body are provided with n second spiral guide vanes 13 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The leg mechanism comprises n legs 14, the top of each leg 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper bottom reef body 1, and an anti-settling plate 15 is arranged in the middle of the leg 14. n is a natural number greater than or equal to 3.

[0024] The central axis of the small water-permeable hole 3 and the large water-permeable hole 4 on the first side plate 2 forms an angle of 30° with the horizontal plane, and the inclination direction is upward.

[0025] The first side plate 2 and the lower bottom reef body 5 are both made of a rough and porous base material, such as ecological concrete mixed with crushed shells.

[0026] The top of the top reef is connected with a rope 16, the top of the rope 16 is fixedly connected to a floating plate 17, and an inclined solar panel 18 is arranged on the floating plate 17. A battery 19 and a control module 20 are also arranged on the floating plate 17 below the solar panel 18. A plurality of lighting lamp bodies 21 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of the top reef body. The lighting lamp body 21 includes a lamp post 22. A plurality of lamp beads 23 are evenly spaced on the lamp post 22. A waterproof speaker 24 is provided in the inner cavity of the middle reef body. The lamp beads 23 and the waterproof speaker 24 are connected to the control module 20 through wires, and they are uniformly controlled by the control system in the control module 20. The control module 20 is also provided with a wireless data transmission module which is also controlled by the control system.

[0027] The working process of the composite artificial fish reef of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: the composite artificial fish reef is set in a designated sea area, the lower parts of all the legs 14 are inserted into the seabed mud, and the anti-settling plate 15 is in contact with the seabed. Since the area of ​​the anti-settling plate 15 is relatively large, it can support the device on the soft mud and prevent the device from sinking; Since the bottom reef is made of a rough and porous substrate (such as ecological concrete mixed with crushed shells), its surface is rough and has many bumps and depressions, which is suitable for shellfish and other marine organisms to attach and move here. At the same time, the small water-permeable holes 3 opened on the surface of the first side plate 2 and the lower bottom reef 5 can allow seawater to enter the inner cavity of the bottom reef, thereby creating an upwelling; at the same time, shellfish can also enter the inner cavity of the bottom reef through the large water-permeable holes 4 to avoid being preyed upon by marine organisms; since the small water-permeable holes 3 on the first side plate 2 are distributed obliquely upward, they can play a guiding role, and they work together with the guide pipe 6 and the first spiral guide plate 7 on the outer wall of the guide pipe 6 to create an upward-flowing water flow (upwelling) inside the bottom reef, and the upwelling can push food residues, organic matter, nutrients and other components on the seabed to the middle reef and the top reef; The central reef is in the shape of a regular n-prism as a whole, and a large square through hole 9 is opened on the second side plate 8 of the side, through which marine fish can swim freely in the central reef area; a plurality of shelters are randomly placed in the inner cavity of the central reef, and the shelters here can be hollow bricks, rod-shaped objects, transparent hollow balls and other objects, which can form a plurality of disorderly and random sheltering spaces in the inner cavity of the central reef, and fish attracted by food residues and organic matter rising from below can eat and avoid enemies in the inner cavity of the central reef; Algae spores are pre-attached to the seedling rope 12, and they will grow on the seedling rope 12. Although algae will inevitably attach and produce if this type of fish reef is placed in the sea for a long time, this method of constructing algae seedling ropes can ensure the certainty of algae growth and accelerate the process of algae growth, thereby quickly constructing an ecological environment where shells, fish and algae coexist; The second spiral guide plate 13 arranged on the outside of the middle reef and the top reef can, on the one hand, change the flow direction of the horizontal ocean current from horizontal to vertical, also to create an upwelling, attract marine life to gather, and build a complex ecological environment; it can also resolve the horizontal impact force of the water flow on the fish reef itself, reduce the impact and drag of the ocean current on the reef, thereby preventing the fish reef from moving on the seabed and extending its service life.

[0028] When in use, the operator can send signals to the wireless data transmission module in the control module 20 through the wireless network to control the lamp beads 23 and the waterproof speaker 24 to work. The lamp beads 23 provide additional light for the algae attached to the seedling rope 12 to promote the growth of the algae; the speaker 24 will play pre-recorded sound waves of different frequencies. The water vibration caused by these sound waves can effectively attract fish to gather at the fish reef, thereby improving the fish gathering effect. Under the condition of sunlight, the solar panel 18 converts solar energy into electrical energy, and converts it into direct current after rectification and voltage stabilization, which is input into the battery 19 for storage. The battery 19 provides electrical energy for the lamp beads 23 and the waterproof speaker 24.

Claims

1. A composite artificial reef, characterized by: The artificial fish reef is composed of a bottom reef body, a middle reef body and a top reef body, and a leg mechanism is also arranged below the bottom reef body. The bottom reef body comprises an upper bottom reef body (1), the upper bottom reef body (1) is a hollow regular n-prism shape, and is formed by sequentially splicing n first side panels (2), the first side panels (2) are provided with a plurality of small water-permeable holes (3) distributed in an array, and a large water-permeable hole (4) is also provided at the center of the first side panels (2), the bottom end of the upper bottom reef body (1) is connected to a lower bottom reef body (5), the lower bottom reef body (5) is a hollow hemispherical shape, and a plurality of small water-permeable holes (3) distributed in an array are also provided on the lower bottom reef body (5), a guide tube (6) is provided in the cavity of the bottom reef body, the bottom end opening of the guide tube (6) is connected to the large water-permeable hole (4) provided at the center of the lower bottom reef body (5), the top end opening of the guide tube (6) is lower than the upper edge of the upper bottom reef body (1), and a plurality of first spiral guide plates (7) are provided on the outer wall of the guide tube (6), The middle reef body is a hollow regular n-prism, which is formed by sequentially splicing n second side panels (8), and the bottom edges of the n second side panels (8) correspond to the top edges of the n first side panels (2) one by one and are fixedly connected, and the second side panels (8) are provided with four array-distributed square through holes (9), and a plurality of randomly distributed shelters are arranged in the cavity of the middle reef body. The top reef body is a regular n-prism frame structure, which is composed of a plurality of support beams (10). A lifting ring (11) is provided at the top center of the top reef body. The bottom end surface of the top reef body is a regular n-gon. The lifting ring (11) is connected to n seedling ropes (12). The bottom ends of the n seedling ropes (12) are respectively connected to n vertices of the bottom end surface of the top reef body. Algal spores are attached to the seedling ropes (12). The outer walls of the middle reef body and the top reef body are provided with n second spiral guide vanes (13) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The leg mechanism comprises n legs (14), the top ends of the legs (14) being fixedly connected to the bottom end surface of the upper bottom reef body (1), and an anti-settling plate (15) being arranged in the middle of the legs (14). n is a natural number greater than or equal to 3.

2. The composite artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central axis of the small water-permeable hole (3) and the large water-permeable hole (4) on the first side plate (2) forms an angle of 30° with the horizontal plane, and the inclination direction is upward.

3. The composite artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first side plate (2) and the lower bottom reef body (5) are both made of a rough and porous base material, such as ecological concrete mixed with crushed shells.

4. The composite artificial reef according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the top reef body is connected to a rope (16), the top end of the rope (16) is fixedly connected to a floating plate (17), an inclined solar panel (18) is provided on the floating plate (17), and a storage battery (19) and a control module (20) are also provided on the floating plate (17) below the solar panel (18). A plurality of lighting lamp bodies (21) evenly distributed in a circumferential direction are arranged on the inner side of the top reef body, the lighting lamp body (21) comprising a lamp post (22), a plurality of lamp beads (23) being evenly spaced on the lamp post (22), A waterproof speaker (24) is arranged in the inner cavity of the middle reef body. The lamp beads (23) and the waterproof speaker (24) are both connected to the control module (20) via wires, and are controlled uniformly by a control system in the control module (20). A wireless data transmission module which is also controlled by the control system is also provided in the control module (20).

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