Stone crusher for civil engineering and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of civil engineering equipment, in particular to a stone crusher for civil engineering and a working method thereof.The stone crusher comprises a crushing box, a first crushing device and a second crushing device, the first crushing device and the second crushing device are arranged in the crushing box, a feeding port is formed in the top of the crushing box, and a discharging port is formed in the bottom of the crushing box; the first crushing device comprises two crushing rollers with the same specification and a supporting column for supporting the two crushing rollers, and a first rotating motor and a second rotating motor which are used for driving the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller are arranged in the first supporting column and the second supporting column correspondingly; and the second crushing device is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the crushing box body and is used for receiving the crushed stones crushed by the first crushing device for secondary crushing, so that the technical problem that the crushing efficiency of an existing stone crusher is reduced due to the fact that crushed aggregates with different specifications are mixed together during crushing operation is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of civil engineering equipment, in particular to a stone crusher used in civil engineering and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Civil engineering is a discipline closely related to human life and construction. It involves the design, construction and maintenance of buildings and infrastructure. It covers areas such as buildings (such as houses, bridges, tunnels), infrastructure (such as roads, railways, airports), water conservancy projects (such as dams, canals) and environmental engineering (such as sewage treatment and garbage disposal). It mainly includes the following branches: Structural engineering: the study of the design and analysis of buildings and structures to ensure their safety and stability; Traffic engineering: involving the design and planning of transportation facilities such as roads, bridges, railways, and airports; Water conservancy engineering: studies the use and management of water resources, including dams, irrigation systems and flood control projects; Environmental Engineering: Focus on environmental protection and sustainable development, including sewage treatment, waste disposal, etc.; Geological engineering: study the impact of geological conditions on engineering, such as foundation treatment, slope stability, etc.; It is mainly used in the fields of construction, infrastructure, urban planning, disaster prevention and relief, etc. In the process of civil engineering construction, various types of engineering equipment are indispensable. Among them, the stone crusher plays an indispensable role in the construction process. The stone crusher is a device that breaks large stones into smaller particles. Its work process mainly includes crushing, screening and transportation. The most important one is the crushing process. Common crushing methods in the industry include jaw crushing, hammer crushing, cone crushing and impact crushing. How to achieve efficient and uniform crushing has become a research topic in the industry.

[0003] The invention patent with Chinese patent application number 202010312250.4 discloses a high-efficiency stone crusher, including a crushing box, a through hole, a second outlet, a crushing mechanism, a crushing tube, a driving mechanism, and a hammering mechanism. A conical tube is coaxially fixed in the crushing box, and the conical tube divides the inside of the crushing box into a first crushing chamber and a second crushing chamber. The lower end of the conical tube is provided with a first outlet, the through hole is provided on the upper side of the crushing box, and the second outlet is provided on the lower side of the crushing box. The crushing mechanism can crush the large stones falling from the through hole into small stones, the crushing tube is coaxially rotatably arranged in the second crushing chamber, and a plurality of second teeth are provided in the crushing tube. The driving mechanism can drive the crushing tube to rotate, and the hammering mechanism can intermittently hammer the small stones in the crushing tube from top to bottom. The invention can improve the crushing efficiency and also has a dust suction function. The technical solution proposed in the above invention improves the structure of the crusher to enhance its crushing efficiency. However, in the actual working process, since the large stones are not of uniform texture, they will form fragments of different sizes after being impacted and crushed. When they become fragments, the fragments of different sizes will interfere with each other in the crusher. Ultimately, some larger fragments cannot be effectively crushed, while some smaller fragments are repeatedly crushed. On the one hand, the crushing efficiency of the crusher is limited, and on the other hand, the crusher does useless work. Summary of the invention

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a stone crusher for civil engineering and a working method thereof, which solves the technical problem that different specifications of crushed materials are mixed together during the crushing operation of the existing stone crusher, resulting in reduced crushing efficiency of the stone crusher.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a stone crusher for civil engineering, comprising a crushing box, a first crushing device and a second crushing device arranged in the crushing box, a feeding port is arranged on the top of the crushing box, and a discharging port is arranged on the bottom of the crushing box, the first crushing device comprises two crushing rollers of the same specification and a supporting column supporting the two crushing rollers, the two crushing rollers are defined as a first crushing roller and a second crushing roller, the two supporting columns are a first supporting column and a second supporting column, the first crushing roller is rotatably connected to the first supporting column, the second crushing roller is rotatably connected to the second supporting column, and a first supporting column and a second supporting column are respectively provided with a first crushing roller and a second crushing roller for driving the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller. a rotating motor and a second rotating motor, the second crushing device is arranged in the crushing box and below the first crushing device, and is used to receive the crushed stones after being crushed by the first crushing device for secondary crushing, the second crushing device includes a first crushing plate and a second crushing plate, the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate are stacked, the first crushing plate is provided with a first connecting part, and the second crushing plate is provided with a second connecting part, a central linkage mechanism is provided between the first crushing device and the second crushing device, the central linkage mechanism enables the first crushing device and the second crushing device to move in conjunction with each other, and the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller are located at different horizontal planes during the working process through the central linkage mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, a first auxiliary pushing device and a second auxiliary pushing device are symmetrically arranged on the side of the crushing box, and the first auxiliary pushing device and the second auxiliary pushing device are respectively used to assist the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller to provide greater torque for the two.

[0007] Furthermore, the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller are both provided with first transmission teeth, the first auxiliary pushing device and the second auxiliary pushing device are both provided with second transmission teeth, the first transmission teeth and the second transmission teeth are meshed with each other, the first auxiliary pushing device and the second auxiliary pushing device have the same structure, the first auxiliary pushing device includes a transmission wheel and a transmission chain sleeved on the transmission wheel, the second transmission teeth are arranged at intervals on the transmission chain and are elastically extended and retracted under force on the transmission chain.

[0008] Furthermore, the second transmission tooth is a quarter-circle structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical cross-sections of the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate are both triangular, a first crushing protrusion is arranged on a side surface of the first crushing plate close to the second crushing plate, and a second crushing protrusion is arranged on a side surface of the second crushing plate close to the first crushing plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the central linkage mechanism includes a first meshing tooth arranged on the first support column, a second meshing tooth arranged on the second support column, a third meshing tooth arranged on the first connecting part, a fourth meshing tooth arranged on the second connecting part, and a long driving gear. The long driving gear is driven by a driving motor to achieve forward or reverse rotation. The first meshing tooth and the second meshing tooth are arranged opposite to each other, and the third meshing tooth and the fourth meshing tooth are arranged opposite to each other. The first meshing tooth, the second meshing tooth, the third meshing tooth and the fourth meshing tooth are all meshed with the long driving gear.

[0011] Furthermore, the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate are both integrated with vibration motors.

[0012] A working method of a stone crusher for civil engineering, comprising the following steps: S1, equipment pre-work: start the stone crusher, and make the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller start to rotate; S2, stone discharge: large-sized stones enter the stone crusher through the feed port on the crushing box and are crushed; S3, edge pushing; the first auxiliary pushing device and the second auxiliary pushing device arranged on the inner side of the crushing box work synchronously, and the second transmission tooth generates elastic force to push the crushed stones splashed on both sides of the crushing box into the crushing box for further crushing; S4, finished product discharge: after crushing, the crushed stone particles that meet the standard specifications are discharged from the crushing box through the discharge port.

[0013] Furthermore, step S2 includes the following subdivision steps: S2.1, initial crushing: the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller rotate inward in opposite directions at the same time to perform the first crushing; S2.2, secondary crushing: After passing through the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller, the crushed stone falls between the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate, and continues to be squeezed by the two plates into smaller crushed stone; S2.3, linkage crushing; the central linkage mechanism works, the long driving gear rotates alternately clockwise and counterclockwise, so that the first support column and the second support column reciprocate up and down, driving the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller to move up and down, and at the same time driving the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate to move closer or farther away with a small distance.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The stone crusher proposed in the present invention realizes secondary crushing of large-sized stones through the first crushing device and the second crushing device that cooperate with each other, ensures that the stones after the two crushings are relatively uniform, improves the quality of the finished crushed stones, and solves the technical problem that the crushing efficiency of the existing stone crusher is reduced due to the mixing of crushed materials of different specifications during the crushing operation. Specifically, the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller that cooperate with each other are arranged, and the two rotate inward in opposite directions to crush the stones entering from the feeding port, and the crushed stones fall downward into the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate to continue to be crushed for the second time.

[0015] 2. The present invention is provided with a first auxiliary pushing device and a second auxiliary pushing device on the side of the crushing box, and the second transmission teeth on the two auxiliary pushing devices can match the crushing teeth on the surfaces of the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller, and the second transmission teeth are forced to retract inwards and pop outwards after losing force. Such a working form ensures that its beneficial effects include two aspects. On the one hand, the driving force of the first auxiliary pushing device and the second auxiliary pushing device can be transmitted to the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller through the second transmission teeth during the working process, and the rotational force of the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller is superimposed, which brings greater torque to them and improves The crushing force of the two brings higher crushing efficiency; on the other hand, when the second transmission tooth separates from the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller, it will pop outward under the drive of its own elastic force. The popping process will push the stones that may have been trapped in the gaps between the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller and the side walls of the crushing box out to the outer surfaces of the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller, and then continue to move between the two for crushing operations. This part of the stones comes from the large-sized stones in the crushing process that break and splash to the edge of the crushing box. Some of them will even remain at the edge of the crushing box from beginning to end without being crushed because of their relatively smooth surface.

[0016] 3. The reason why the second transmission tooth in the present invention is configured in a quarter-circle structure is to generate an inclined upward thrust in the process of popping outward, so as to facilitate pushing the stone toward the center of the crushing box.

[0017] 4. The second crushing device in the present invention includes a first crushing plate and a second crushing plate. The crushing method of the first crushing device is extrusion crushing, and the crushing method of the second crushing device is rolling crushing. The crushed material is placed between the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate, and then the two plates move back and forth towards and away from each other to crush the stone. The vertical cross-sections of the two plates are triangular, and the purpose is to make the surfaces of the two plates inclined downward from the horizontal plane. The crushed material can roll down with the slope under its own gravity and the horizontal movement of the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate. At the same time, the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate are also integrated with vibration motors to assist in shaking off the crushed material.

[0018] 5. The mechanism that enables the first crushing device and the second crushing device to be linked in the present invention is the central linkage mechanism. The central linkage mechanism can cooperate with the connecting member to simultaneously realize the up and down lifting of the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller, and the approach or distance of the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate through the rotation of the main driving member, that is, the long driving gear. The rotation mode of the long driving gear is a clockwise and counterclockwise reciprocating rotation form, and the first meshing teeth and the second meshing teeth, the third meshing teeth and the fourth meshing teeth are all arranged relatively, and the movement directions are opposite, so that when the first crushing roller rises, the second crushing roller falls, and the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate either approach each other or move away from each other.

[0019] 6. In the present invention, the first crushing device and the second crushing device are used to simultaneously crush the stone, and a secondary crushing operation of the stone is realized, which ensures that the specifications of the finished stone meet the expected standards, and the central linkage mechanism is used to make the two work in linkage, so as to achieve coordinated operation, and can also save working energy by reducing driving parts, which is very important in the field of crushers that require large driving force and energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the crushing box in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller in the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate in the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the long driving gear in the present invention; Figure 8 This is a bottom view of the structure of the first crushing plate in the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the central linkage mechanism in the present invention; Fig.10 It is a flow chart of the working method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0022] See also Figure 1-Figure 10 The present invention provides a stone crusher for civil engineering, comprising a crushing box 1, a first crushing device 4 and a second crushing device 5 arranged in the crushing box 1, the top of the crushing box 1 is provided with a feed inlet 2, the bottom of the crushing box 1 is provided with a discharge port 3, the first crushing device 4 comprises two crushing rollers of the same specification and support columns supporting the two crushing rollers, the two crushing rollers are defined as a first crushing roller 41 and a second crushing roller 42, the two support columns are a first support column 43 and a second support column 44, the first crushing roller 41 and the second crushing roller 42 are in different horizontal planes, the first crushing roller 41 and the first support column 43 are rotatably connected, the second crushing roller 42 and the second support column 44 are rotatably connected, the first support column 43 and the second support column 44 are respectively provided with a first rotating motor 431 and a second rotating motor 441 for driving the first crushing roller 41 and the second crushing roller 42, the second crushing device 5 is arranged in the crushing box 1 below the first crushing device 4, and is used to receive the crushed stones crushed by the first crushing device 4 for secondary crushing; The first rotating motor 431 and the second rotating motor 441 are well-known driving components and will not be described in detail herein.

[0023] A first auxiliary pushing device 6 and a second auxiliary pushing device 7 are symmetrically arranged on the side of the crushing box 1. The first auxiliary pushing device 6 and the second auxiliary pushing device 7 are respectively used to assist the first crushing roller 41 and the second crushing roller 42 to provide greater torque for the two. The first crushing roller 41 and the second crushing roller 42 are both provided with a first transmission tooth 45. The first auxiliary pushing device 6 and the second auxiliary pushing device 7 are both provided with a second transmission tooth 73. The first transmission tooth 45 and the second transmission tooth 73 are meshed with each other, specifically, the second transmission tooth 73 is meshed with the clamping groove 451 on the first transmission tooth 45. The first auxiliary pushing device 6 and the second auxiliary pushing device 7 have the same structure. The first auxiliary pushing device 6 includes a transmission wheel 71 and a transmission chain 72 sleeved on the transmission wheel 71. The second transmission tooth 73 is arranged on the transmission chain 72 at intervals and is elastically retracted and retracted under force on the transmission chain 72. The second transmission tooth 73 is a quarter-circle structure.

[0024] The second crushing device 5 comprises a first crushing plate 51 and a second crushing plate 52, the first crushing plate 51 and the second crushing plate 52 are stacked, the first crushing plate 51 is provided with a first connecting portion 512, the second crushing plate 52 is provided with a second connecting portion 522, a central linkage mechanism is provided between the first crushing device 4 and the second crushing device 5, and the first crushing device 4 and the second crushing device 5 are linked to each other through the central linkage mechanism; The vertical cross-sections of the first crushing plate 51 and the second crushing plate 52 are both triangular. A first crushing protrusion 511 is provided on one side of the first crushing plate 51 close to the second crushing plate 52 , and a second crushing protrusion 521 is provided on one side of the second crushing plate 52 close to the first crushing plate 51 .

[0025] The central linkage mechanism includes a first meshing tooth 432 arranged on the first support column 43, a second meshing tooth 442 arranged on the second support column 44, a third meshing tooth 513 arranged on the first connecting portion 512, a fourth meshing tooth 523 arranged on the second connecting portion 522, and a long driving gear 8. The long driving gear 8 is driven by a driving motor to achieve forward or reverse rotation. The first meshing tooth 432 and the second meshing tooth 442 are arranged opposite to each other, and the third meshing tooth 513 and the fourth meshing tooth 523 are arranged opposite to each other. The first meshing tooth 432, the second meshing tooth 442, the third meshing tooth 513 and the fourth meshing tooth 523 are all meshed with the long driving gear 8.

[0026] The first crushing plate 51 and the second crushing plate 52 are both integrated with a vibration motor. The vibration motor is a well-known device, and it is set in a built-in manner, so it is not shown in the drawings and will not be described in detail. The vibration motor causes the first crushing plate 51 and the second crushing plate 52 to vibrate.

[0027] This embodiment simultaneously proposes a working method of the above-mentioned stone crusher, a working method of a stone crusher used in civil engineering, comprising the following steps: S1, equipment pre-work; start the stone crusher, so that the first crushing roller 41 and the second crushing roller 42 start to rotate; S2, stone discharge: large-sized stones enter the stone crusher through the feed port 2 on the crushing box 1 for crushing; S3, edge push; the first auxiliary pushing device 6 and the second auxiliary pushing device 7 arranged on the inner side of the crushing box 1 work synchronously, and the second transmission tooth 73 generates elastic force to push the crushed stones splashed on both sides of the crushing box 1 into the crushing box 1 to continue crushing; S4, finished product discharge; after crushing, the crushed stone particles that meet the standard specifications are discharged from the crushing box through the discharge port 3.

[0028] Wherein, step S2 includes the following subdivision steps: S2.1, initial crushing: the first crushing roller 41 and the second crushing roller 42 rotate inward in opposite directions at the same time to perform the first crushing; S2.2, secondary crushing: the crushed stone passes through the first crushing roller 41 and the second crushing roller 42 and falls between the first crushing plate 51 and the second crushing plate 52, and continues to be squeezed by the first crushing plate 51 and the second crushing plate 52 into smaller crushed stone; S2.3, linkage crushing; the central linkage mechanism works, and the long driving gear 8 rotates alternately clockwise and counterclockwise, so that the first support column 43 and the second support column 44 reciprocate up and down, driving the first crushing roller 41 and the second crushing roller 42 to move up and down, and at the same time driving the first crushing plate 51 and the second crushing plate 52 to move closer or farther away with a small distance.

[0029] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0030] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A stone crusher for civil engineering, comprising a crushing box, a first crushing device and a second crushing device arranged in the crushing box, a feeding port being arranged at the top of the crushing box, and a discharging port being arranged at the bottom of the crushing box, characterized in that: The first crushing device includes two crushing rollers of the same specifications and a supporting column supporting the two crushing rollers. The two crushing rollers are defined as a first crushing roller and a second crushing roller, and the two supporting columns are a first supporting column and a second supporting column. The first crushing roller is rotatably connected to the first supporting column, and the second crushing roller is rotatably connected to the second supporting column. A first rotating motor and a second rotating motor for driving the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller are respectively arranged in the first supporting column and the second supporting column. The second crushing device is arranged in the crushing box and below the first crushing device, and is used to receive the crushed stones crushed by the first crushing device for secondary crushing. The second crushing device includes a first crushing plate and a second crushing plate. The first crushing plate and the second crushing plate are stacked, a first connecting portion is arranged on the first crushing plate, and a second connecting portion is arranged on the second crushing plate. A central linkage mechanism is arranged between the first crushing device and the second crushing device, and the central linkage mechanism enables the first crushing device and the second crushing device to move in conjunction with each other, and the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller are located at different horizontal planes during the working process through the central linkage mechanism.

2. The stone crusher for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first auxiliary pushing device and a second auxiliary pushing device are symmetrically arranged on the side of the crushing box, and the first auxiliary pushing device and the second auxiliary pushing device are respectively used to assist the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller to provide greater torque for the two.

3. The stone crusher for civil engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first crushing roller and the second crushing roller are both provided with first transmission teeth, the first auxiliary pushing device and the second auxiliary pushing device are both provided with second transmission teeth, the first transmission teeth and the second transmission teeth are meshed with each other, the first auxiliary pushing device and the second auxiliary pushing device have the same structure, the first auxiliary pushing device includes a transmission wheel and a transmission chain sleeved on the transmission wheel, the second transmission teeth are arranged at intervals on the transmission chain and are elastically retracted and contracted under force on the transmission chain.

4. The stone crusher for civil engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second transmission tooth is a quarter-circle structure.

5. The stone crusher for civil engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical cross-sections of the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate are both triangular, a first crushing protrusion is arranged on a side surface of the first crushing plate close to the second crushing plate, and a second crushing protrusion is arranged on a side surface of the second crushing plate close to the first crushing plate.

6. The stone crusher for civil engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The central linkage mechanism includes a first meshing tooth arranged on the first support column, a second meshing tooth arranged on the second support column, a third meshing tooth arranged on the first connecting part, a fourth meshing tooth arranged on the second connecting part, and a long driving gear. The long driving gear is driven by a driving motor to achieve forward or reverse rotation. The first meshing tooth and the second meshing tooth are arranged opposite to each other, and the third meshing tooth and the fourth meshing tooth are arranged opposite to each other. The first meshing tooth, the second meshing tooth, the third meshing tooth and the fourth meshing tooth are all meshed with the long driving gear.

7. The stone crusher for civil engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first crushing plate and the second crushing plate are both integrated with vibration motors.

8. A method for operating a stone crusher for civil engineering as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Equipment pre-work; Start the stone crusher so that the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller begin to rotate; S2, stone discharge: large-sized stones enter the stone crusher through the feed port on the crushing box and are crushed; S3, edge pushing; the first auxiliary pushing device and the second auxiliary pushing device arranged on the inner side of the crushing box work synchronously, and the second transmission tooth generates elastic force to push the crushed stones splashed on both sides of the crushing box into the crushing box for further crushing; S4, finished product discharge: after crushing, the crushed stone particles that meet the standard specifications are discharged from the crushing box through the discharge port.

9. A working method of a stone crusher for civil engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S2 includes the following subdivision steps: S2.1, initial crushing: the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller rotate inward in opposite directions at the same time to perform the first crushing; S2.2, secondary crushing: After passing through the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller, the crushed stone falls between the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate, and continues to be squeezed by the two plates into smaller crushed stone; S2.3, linkage crushing; the central linkage mechanism works, the long driving gear rotates alternately clockwise and counterclockwise, so that the first support column and the second support column reciprocate up and down, driving the first crushing roller and the second crushing roller to move up and down, and at the same time driving the first crushing plate and the second crushing plate to move closer or farther away with a small distance.

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