Method for 3D printing of bone trabecula oral implant

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for 3D printing of a bone trabecula oral implant. The bone trabecula oral implant comprises an implant base body and a bone trabecula porous structure which are integrally formed. The bone trabecula porous structure is positioned in the axial middle section of the implant base body; and the implant base body is provided with an external thread. The printing method comprises the following steps: obtaining an oral implant 3D model with a bone trabecula porous structure through three-dimensional design software; carrying out molding manufacturing, sand blasting and annealing treatment by utilizing an SLM technology to obtain a bone trabecula oral implant primary product; and forming a tantalum metal coating on the surface of the primary product of the bone trabecula oral implant by using a vapor deposition technology to obtain the bone trabecula oral implant with the tantalum coating. The bone trabecula oral implant obtained by the method is high in density and mechanical strength, favorable for the implant to exert a good repairing effect, and excellent in application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oral implants, and in particular to a method for 3D printing a trabecular oral implant. Background Art

[0002] Tantalum, as a rare transition metal, is a gray-blue, high-density and hard material with stable chemical properties. It is difficult to react with other substances in the organism, is inert, and does not dissolve in water or acidic environments. In addition, it does not react chemically at room temperature. Metallic tantalum and its oxides, nitrides, etc. can promote cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation, increase the service life of implants in organisms, and reduce the occurrence of problems such as mismatch in mechanical properties between implants and organisms.

[0003] Patent publication number CN109261958 provides a method for preparing a medical porous material with a tantalum coating on the surface. The low-temperature diffusion sintering technology used in the method requires a long heating treatment, and the heating temperature is higher than the phase transition point of the material, which is easy to affect the microstructure of the medical porous material and the mechanical properties of the implant. Patent publication number CN113289057A uses a laser cladding method to coat a tantalum coating on an orthopedic implant material, but the tantalum coating formed by this technology has certain pores, and the bonding strength with the substrate is low, and it cannot form a three-dimensional porous structure, and it cannot completely cover the entire titanium alloy substrate. The substrate material still has the risk of ion precipitation.

[0004] Zimmer's tantalum trabecular oral implant uses the foaming principle to obtain a carbon skeleton trabecular structure, then uses chemical vapor deposition technology to deposit tantalum metal on the carbon skeleton structure, evaporates the carbon skeleton at high temperature to obtain a tantalum metal trabecular structure, and finally assembles it with a titanium alloy matrix, and uses diffusion welding technology to achieve a tight connection between the matrix and the porous structure. During the life cycle of an oral implant, it is subjected to the rotational force of the instrument during the implantation process, the static bite force after implantation, and long-term fatigue loads. Its trabecular bone is a non-dense structure with weak strength, which affects long-term stability. At the same time, the bonding force of the welding structure is not as good as that of the one-piece type, which affects the overall performance of the implant. In addition, its process is complex, with many steps and high cost.

[0005] Patent publication number CN111494035 A discloses a trabecular porous tantalum dental implant and its preparation method. The solution uses pure tantalum or tantalum alloy material with a strength of about 300Mpa, and the implant has a short life and high cost. Although the use of titanium alloy (strength ≈ 950Mpa) can improve strength and reduce costs, there are problems with human adaptability and it is difficult to achieve close contact with the bones of the affected area. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems existing in the combination of existing oral implants and trabecular bone, and to provide a method for 3D printing trabecular bone oral implants. First, a titanium alloy substrate is formed by laser selective melting technology, and then a tantalum coating is deposited on the substrate by a physical vapor deposition process. The titanium alloy substrate can ensure the fatigue performance of the implant, and the tantalum coating can improve the biodegradability, corrosion resistance and other advantages of the implant.

[0007] In the method for 3D printing trabecular oral implants of the present invention, the construction of oral implants in S1 and S2 includes two parts: implant structure design and trabecular structure design. The implant matrix structure is designed to control key size parameters to achieve control of the comprehensive strength of the implant and balance of biological-mechanical comprehensive performance; the trabecular structure design controls the size of the unit cell structure, the wire diameter and the filling strategy to achieve the construction of trabecular structures with different porosities and pore sizes, so as to meet the requirements of different alveolar bone for different trabecular parameters and mechanical properties in clinical practice.

[0008] In the method for 3D printing trabecular oral implants of the present invention, 3D printing is laser selective melting molding technology in S3, and high-precision molding of arbitrary complex structures is achieved by controlling process parameters such as laser power, scanning speed, scanning spacing, and scanning strategy. In S4, vapor deposition technology is used to achieve uniform, dense, and variable-thickness tantalum coatings by controlling coating bias, vacuum coating, coating power, and coating time.

[0009] The specific plan is as follows:

[0010] A method for 3D printing a trabecular oral implant, the trabecular oral implant comprising an integrally formed implant base and a trabecular porous structure; the trabecular porous structure is located in the middle section of the implant base in the axial direction; the implant base is provided with an external thread; the method for 3D printing a trabecular oral implant comprises the following steps:

[0011] S1 uses finite element analysis to analyze the stress characteristics and stress distribution of the oral implant, selects a structural model with a stress of less than 485 MPa in the middle section, and constructs a 3D printed trabecular oral implant;

[0012] S2 constructs a trabecular porous structure with a porosity, pore size and three-dimensional interconnected structure suitable for bone growth in the middle section through a three-dimensional design software, thereby obtaining a 3D model of an oral implant with a trabecular porous structure;

[0013] S3 uses SLM technology to perform molding, sandblasting and annealing on the oral implant 3D model to obtain a primary trabecular oral implant;

[0014] S4 forms a tantalum metal coating on the surface of the primary trabecular oral implant by using a vapor deposition technique to obtain a trabecular oral implant with a tantalum coating.

[0015] Furthermore, the axial extension direction of the oral implant along the trabecular bone is defined as the transverse direction, and the conditional dimensions in S1 for selecting the stress of the middle section to be 300-450 MPa include: the transverse length of the implant base is 4-6 mm, the transverse length of the middle section is 2-11 mm, and 1 / 2 of the difference between the major diameter and the minor diameter of the external thread of the implant base is 2-600 μm; preferably, the transverse length of the implant base is 4-5 mm, the transverse length of the middle section is 4-8 mm, and 1 / 2 of the difference between the major diameter and the minor diameter of the external thread of the implant base is 200-550 μm.

[0016] Furthermore, S2 controls the design parameters and filling method of the unit cell structure, and constructs a trabecular porous structure with porosity, pore size and three-dimensional interconnected structure suitable for bone growth in the middle section; preferably, the porosity, pore size and connectivity are regulated by controlling the size of the unit cell structure, the size of the wire diameter and the offset of the unit cell structure nodes, wherein the unit cell structure size refers to the XYZ dimension of the smallest rectangle that can cover the unit cell, and the wire diameter refers to the radial dimension of the wire diameter of the unit cell; the offset refers to the offset value of the unit cell structure node in the XYZ direction.

[0017] Furthermore, the unit cell size is 0.2-0.6 mm, the wire diameter is 0-0.15 mm, and the offset is 0-40%.

[0018] Furthermore, the unit cell structure size is controlled to be 0.6 mm, the wire diameter is 0.15 mm, and the offset is 0, so that the porosity of the trabecular porous structure obtained is 60% to 80%, the pore size is 300 to 500 μm, and the pore connectivity is greater than 95%;

[0019] Alternatively, the unit cell structure size is controlled to be 0.2-0.6 mm, the wire diameter is 0.15 mm, and the offset is 0, so that the porosity of the obtained trabecular porous structure is 60%-80%, the pore size is 200-800 μm, and the pore connectivity is greater than 95%;

[0020] Alternatively, the unit cell structure size is controlled to be 0.6 mm, the wire diameter is 0.15 mm, and the offset is 20-40%. Then the porosity of the trabecular porous structure obtained is 60%-80%, the pore size is 200-800 μm, and the pore interconnectivity is greater than 95%;

[0021] Alternatively, the unit cell structure size is controlled to be 0.2-0.6 mm, the wire diameter is 0.15 mm, and the offset is 20-40%. Then, the porosity of the trabecular porous structure is 60%-80%, the pore size is 100-800 μm, and the pore interconnectivity is greater than 95%.

[0022] Further, the conditions of the SLM technology described in S3 include: laser power 100-250W, scanning speed 500-3000mm / s, scanning spacing 0.01-0.3mm, scanning strategy is patternless; annealing process is 700-900℃ / 2H; sandblasting pressure 0.5-0.6Mpa, sandblasting time 5-8S, sandblasting medium is 50-200 mesh white corundum;

[0023] Preferably, the laser power is 180W, the scanning speed is 1000mm / s, the scanning spacing is 0.1mm, and the scanning strategy is patternless; the annealing process is 800℃ / 2H; the sandblasting pressure is 0.5-0.6Mpa, the sandblasting time is 5-8S, and the sandblasting medium is 100 mesh white corundum.

[0024] Furthermore, the process parameters of the vapor deposition technology described in S4 include coating bias 80-150V, vacuum coating 0.01-0.1Pa, coating power 5-8KW, and coating time 100-200s.

[0025] Furthermore, the through hole controls the process parameters to obtain tantalum coatings of different thicknesses, including the coating bias of 100V, vacuum plating of 0.05Pa, coating power of 5KW, and coating time of 100-150s, and the resulting tantalum coating thickness is 0.5-3μm; or, the coating bias of 100V, vacuum plating of 0.05Pa, coating power of 5KW, and coating time of 150-200s, and the resulting tantalum coating thickness is 3-8μm; or, the coating bias of 100V, vacuum plating of 0.05Pa, coating power of 8KW, and coating time of 150-200s, and the resulting tantalum coating thickness is 8-15μm.

[0026] The present invention also protects the trabecular oral implant obtained by the method of 3D printing trabecular oral implant, wherein the trabecular oral implant comprises an implant base and a trabecular porous structure formed in one piece; the trabecular porous structure is located in the axial middle section of the implant base; the implant base is provided with an external thread, and the outer surface of the trabecular oral implant is wrapped with a tantalum metal coating.

[0027] The present invention also protects the use of the 3D printed trabecular oral implant in the field of oral restoration.

[0028] Beneficial effects:

[0029] In the present invention, in the method for 3D printing trabecular oral implants, the trabecular porous structure located in the middle is a parameter-controllable, mutually interpenetrating three-dimensional porous structure, which improves the bone ingrowth efficiency and long-term stability of the oral implant.

[0030] Furthermore, the present invention integrates the porous structure of trabeculae and the oral implant matrix into one piece, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the oral implant such as anti-rotation and fatigue.

[0031] Furthermore, the present invention adopts a tantalum metal coating wrapped in an outer layer to improve the biocompatibility of the oral implant.

[0032] Finally, the present invention S1 avoids biomechanical weak positions by optimizing the structural dimensions, thereby improving the mechanical strength performance of the oral implant.

[0033] In summary, the method for 3D printing trabecular oral implants described in the present invention improves the density and mechanical strength of the product, is conducive to the implant to exert a good repair effect, and has excellent application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a trabecular oral implant provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of a trabecular oral implant provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a mid-trabecular oral implant along the BB line;

[0038] Figure 4 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the unit cell structure provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the unit cell structure provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the trabecular structure provided by Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 is a stereoscopic diagram of a trabecular oral implant provided by an embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the trabecular structure provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0043] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the trabecular structure provided by Example 3 of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the trabecular structure provided by Example 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following are definitions of some terms used in the present invention. Other terms not mentioned here have definitions and meanings known in the art:

[0046] In order to ensure the mechanical strength of the implant in the present invention, it is necessary to design an oral implant of appropriate size through finite element analysis. There are three key size parameters: the axial length of the front section of the implant base is 4 to 6 mm, the axial length of the middle section is 2 to 11 mm, and 1 / 2 of the difference between the major diameter and the minor diameter of the middle section of the implant base is 2 to 600 μm. Using the above conditions, the implant has the advantage of high strength.

[0047] Preferably, the axial length of the front section of the implant matrix is ​​4-5 mm, the axial length of the middle section is 4-8 mm, and 1 / 2 of the difference between the major diameter and the minor diameter of the middle section of the implant matrix is ​​200-550 μm.

[0048] In the present invention, the method for designing a porous structure of trabeculae controls the design parameters of the unit cell structure and the filling method to construct a porous structure of trabeculae with a certain porosity, pore size and connectivity; the porosity, pore size and connectivity of the porous structure are regulated by controlling the size of the unit cell structure, the size of the wire diameter, and the offset of the unit cell structure nodes. Specifically, the unit cell size is 0.2 to 0.6 mm, the wire diameter size is 0 to 0.15 mm, and the offset is 0 to 40%. In this way, the porosity of the trabecular structure in the middle section can be 60% to 80%, the pore size is 100 to 800 μm, and the pore connectivity is greater than 95%.

[0049] In the present invention, SLM technology is an additive manufacturing technology that can realize any complex geometric structure. First, the 3D model is cut layer by layer according to a certain thickness to obtain 2D cross-sectional data, and a specific molding manufacturing strategy is edited in the 2D cross-sectional area. Then, the laser beam is controlled to melt and solidify the metal powder in the powder bed according to the 2D cross-sectional information, and the manufacturing technology is stacked layer by layer. Through SLM molding technology, it is possible to realize a porous structure of trabecular bone with precise and controllable design parameters and three-dimensional penetration, and realize the integrated molding of the porous structure and the matrix structure, thereby improving the strength performance of the oral implant.

[0050] SLM is a multi-physics field coupled molding technology. During the imaging process, the powder material melts and solidifies instantly, and internal stress is easily formed inside the part. Internal stress is the main cause of warping, deformation and cracking of the part. Therefore, annealing is required to improve the uniformity of the internal structure of the part and reduce the internal stress of the part. At the same time, due to the influence of laser radiation heat, powder particles are easily adhered to the surface of the part. Sandblasting can effectively improve the surface roughness of the part and improve the surface quality of the coating process.

[0051] In the present invention, a tantalum metal coating of a certain uniform thickness is deposited on the implant matrix and the surface of the porous structure by vapor deposition technology to reduce ion precipitation, improve the corrosion resistance of the product, and provide good biocompatibility.

[0052] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. In the examples, those without specifying specific techniques or conditions are carried out according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this area or according to the product specification. Those without specifying the manufacturer of reagents or instruments used are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially. In the following examples, if not clearly stated, "%" refers to weight percentage.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] A method for 3D printing a trabecular oral implant comprises the following steps: S1 using finite element analysis to analyze the stress characteristics and stress distribution of the oral implant, selecting a structural model with a stress of less than 485 MPa in the middle section, and constructing a 3D printed trabecular oral implant.

[0055] The trabecular oral implant comprises an integrally formed implant base and a trabecular porous structure; the trabecular porous structure is located in the middle section of the axial direction of the implant base; the implant base is provided with an external thread, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0056] Specifically, the designed implant has a size 1 of 4.5 mm, a size 2 of 5 mm, and a size 3 of 400 μm. Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown.

[0057] S2 uses 3D design software to construct a trabecular porous structure with porosity, pore size and three-dimensional interconnected structure suitable for bone growth in the middle area of ​​the matrix, and obtains a 3D model of an oral implant with a trabecular porous structure.

[0058] Specifically, the design parameters and filling methods of the unit cell structure are controlled to construct a trabecular porous structure with a certain porosity, pore size and connectivity; the porosity, pore size and connectivity of the porous structure are regulated by controlling the size of the unit cell structure, the size of the wire diameter, and the offset of the unit cell structure nodes.

[0059] The unit cell structure size refers to the XYZ dimensions of the smallest rectangle that can cover the unit cell (e.g. Figure 4 ); the wire diameter refers to the radial dimension of the wire diameter constituting the unit cell; the offset refers to the offset value of the unit cell structure node in the XYZ direction (such as Figure 5 ).

[0060] In this embodiment, the cell size of the porous structure in the middle section is 0.6 mm, the wire diameter is 0.15 mm, the offset is 20%, the porosity of the obtained trabecular structure is 78%, and the pore size is 600 μm. Figure 6 shown.

[0061] S3 uses SLM technology to mold, sandblast and anneal the 3D model of the oral implant to obtain a primary trabecular oral implant. The molding quality is improved and the internal defects of the molded parts are reduced by optimizing the process parameters such as power parameters, scanning speed, scanning spacing and scanning strategy; the powder bonded to the surface of the implant is removed by sandblasting to improve the surface quality of the implant; the internal stress of the implant is eliminated by annealing to optimize the internal organization.

[0062] Among them, the SLM forming process parameters include: laser power 180W, scanning speed 1000mm / s, scanning spacing 0.1mm, scanning strategy is no pattern filling; the pressure used for sandblasting is 0.5~0.6Mpa, annealing temperature is 800℃, and holding time is 2h.

[0063] S4 uses vapor deposition technology to form a tantalum metal coating on the surface of the trabecular oral implant to obtain a trabecular oral implant with a tantalum coating. By optimizing and controlling process parameters such as target power, deposition time, and pulse current, the density and uniformity of the coating are improved, and the final oral implant with a tantalum coating and a trabecular structure is obtained. The process parameters include: coating bias 100V, vacuum coating 0.05Pa, coating power 5KW, coating time 150s, and the thickness of the obtained tantalum metal coating is 3μm (such as Figure 7 ).

[0064] Example 2

[0065] This embodiment is improved on the basis of embodiment 1, S2 is different, and the rest of the method is the same. In S2, the unit cell structure size is controlled to be 0.6 mm, the wire diameter is 0.15 mm, and the offset is 0; the porosity of the obtained trabecular structure is 60% to 80%, the pore size is 300 to 500 μm, and the pore connectivity is greater than 95%. Figure 8 shown.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] This embodiment is improved on the basis of embodiment 1, S2 is different, and the rest of the method is the same. Among them, in S2, the size of the unit cell structure is controlled to be 0.2-0.6 mm, the wire diameter is 0.15 mm, and the offset is 0. The porosity of the obtained trabecular structure is 60%-80%, the pore size is 200-800 μm, and the pore connectivity is greater than 95%. Fig. 9 shown.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] This embodiment is improved on the basis of embodiment 1, S2 is different, and the rest of the method is the same. Among them, in S2, the size of the unit cell structure is controlled to be 0.2-0.6 mm, the wire diameter is 0.15 mm, and the offset is 20-40%. The porosity of the obtained trabecular structure is 60%-80%, the pore size is 100-800 μm, and the pore interconnectivity is greater than 95%. Fig.10 shown.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] This embodiment is improved on the basis of embodiment 1, except for S4, and the rest of the methods are the same. The process parameters of vapor deposition include: coating bias 100V, vacuum coating 0.05Pa, coating power 5KW, coating time 100-150s, and the thickness of the obtained tantalum coating is 0.5-3μm.

[0072] Example 6

[0073] This embodiment is improved on the basis of embodiment 1, except for S4, and the rest of the methods are the same. The process parameters of vapor deposition include: coating bias 100V, vacuum coating 0.05Pa, coating power 5KW, coating time 150-200s, and the thickness of the obtained tantalum coating is 3-8μm.

[0074] Example 7

[0075] This embodiment is improved on the basis of embodiment 1, except for S4, and the rest of the methods are the same. The process parameters of vapor deposition include: coating bias 100V, vacuum coating 0.05Pa, coating power 8KW, coating time 150-200s, and the obtained tantalum coating thickness is 8-15μm.

[0076] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0077] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0078] In addition, various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for 3D printing a trabecular oral implant, characterized in that: The trabecular oral implant comprises an integrally formed implant base and a trabecular porous structure; the trabecular porous structure is located in the middle section of the axial direction of the implant base; the implant base is provided with an external thread; the method for 3D printing a trabecular oral implant comprises the following steps: S1 uses finite element analysis to analyze the stress characteristics and stress distribution of the oral implant, selects a structural model with a stress of less than 485 MPa in the middle section, and constructs a 3D printed trabecular oral implant; S2 uses 3D design software to control the design parameters and filling method of the unit cell structure, the size of the unit cell structure, the size of the wire diameter, and the offset of the unit cell structure node to regulate the porosity, pore size and connectivity, and constructs a trabecular porous structure with a porosity, pore size and three-dimensional interconnected structure suitable for bone growth in the middle section, so as to obtain a 3D model of an oral implant with a trabecular porous structure; the unit cell size is controlled to be 0.2-0.6 mm, the wire diameter size is 0-0.15 mm, and the offset is 0-40%, so that the porosity of the trabecular porous structure in the middle section is 60%-80%, the pore size is 100-800 μm, and the pore connectivity is greater than 95%; the unit cell structure size refers to the XYZ direction size of the smallest rectangle that can cover the unit cell, and the wire diameter size refers to the radial size of the wire diameter of the unit cell; the offset refers to the offset value of the unit cell structure node in the XYZ direction; S3 uses SLM technology to perform molding, sandblasting and annealing on the oral implant 3D model, wherein the conditions of the SLM technology include: laser power 100-250W, scanning speed 500-3000mm / s, scanning spacing 0.01-0.3mm, scanning strategy is patternless; annealing process is 700-900℃ / 2h; sandblasting pressure 0.5-0.6Mpa, sandblasting time 5-8s, sandblasting medium is 50-200 mesh white corundum, and a primary product of trabecular oral implant is obtained; S4 forms a tantalum metal coating on the surface of the primary trabecular oral implant by using a vapor deposition technique to obtain a trabecular oral implant with a tantalum coating.

2. The method for 3D printing a trabecular oral implant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the stress of the middle section is selected to be 300-450Mpa, the axial length of the front section of the implant matrix is ​​4-6mm, the axial length of the middle section is 2-11mm, and 1 / 2 of the difference between the major diameter and minor diameter of the middle section of the implant matrix is ​​2-600μm.

3. The method for 3D printing a trabecular oral implant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial length of the front section of the implant matrix is ​​4-5 mm, the axial length of the middle section is 4-8 mm, and 1 / 2 of the difference between the major diameter and the minor diameter of the middle section of the implant matrix is ​​200-550 μm.

4. The method for 3D printing a trabecular oral implant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unit cell size is 0.2-0.6 mm, the wire diameter is 0-0.15 mm, and the offset is 0-40%.

5. The method for 3D printing a trabecular oral implant according to claim 4, characterized in that: The unit cell structure size is controlled to be 0.6 mm, the wire diameter size is 0.15 mm, and the offset is 0, then the porosity of the trabecular porous structure obtained is 60% to 80%, the pore size is 300 to 500 μm, and the pore connectivity is greater than 95%; or, the unit cell structure size is controlled to be 0.2 to 0.6 mm, the wire diameter size is 0.15 mm, and the offset is 0, then the porosity of the trabecular porous structure obtained is 60% to 80%, the pore size is 200 to 800 μm, and the pore connectivity is greater than 95%; Alternatively, the unit cell structure size is controlled to be 0.6 mm, the wire diameter is 0.15 mm, and the offset is 20-40%. Then the porosity of the trabecular porous structure obtained is 60%-80%, the pore size is 200-800 μm, and the pore interconnectivity is greater than 95%; Alternatively, the unit cell structure size is controlled to be 0.2-0.6 mm, the wire diameter is 0.15 mm, and the offset is 20-40%. The porosity of the obtained trabecular porous structure is 60%-80%, the pore size is 100-800 μm, and the pore connectivity is greater than 95%.

6. The method for 3D printing a trabecular oral implant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The conditions of the SLM technology described in S3 include: laser power 180W, scanning speed 1000mm / s, scanning spacing 0.1mm, scanning strategy is patternless; annealing process is 800℃ / 2h; sandblasting pressure 0.5~0.6Mpa, sandblasting time is 5~8s, and sandblasting medium is 100 mesh white corundum.

7. The method for 3D printing a trabecular oral implant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The process parameters of the vapor deposition technology described in S4 include coating bias 80-150V, vacuum coating 0.01-0.1Pa, coating power 5-8Kw, and coating time 100-200s.

8. The method for 3D printing a trabecular oral implant according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tantalum coating with different thicknesses is obtained by controlling the process parameters, including the coating bias of 100V, vacuum plating of 0.05Pa, coating power of 5Kw, coating time of 100-150s, and the obtained tantalum coating thickness is 0.5-3μm; or, the coating bias of 100V, vacuum plating of 0.05Pa, coating power of 5Kw, coating time of 150-200s, and the obtained tantalum coating thickness is 3-8μm; or, the coating bias of 100V, vacuum plating of 0.05Pa, coating power of 8Kw, coating time of 150-200s, and the obtained tantalum coating thickness is 8-15μm.

9. The trabecular bone oral implant obtained by the method for 3D printing a trabecular bone oral implant according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The trabecular oral implant comprises an integrally formed implant base and a trabecular porous structure; the trabecular porous structure is located in the axial middle section of the implant base; the implant base is provided with an external thread, and the outer surface of the trabecular oral implant is coated with a tantalum metal coating.

10. Application of the 3D printed trabecular oral implant according to claim 9 in the field of oral restoration.

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