Milling cutter structure

Abstract

A milling cutter structure comprises a main cutter shaft, a plurality of cutting edges are detachably mounted on the main cutter shaft, a first spiral design line is arranged on the main cutter shaft, the first spiral design line spirally extends to the end around the outer surface of the main cutter shaft, the cutting edges are arranged on the peripheral side of the main cutter shaft at intervals along the first spiral design line, and the cross section of each cutting edge is fusiform. The area of the cross section of the cutting edge is gradually reduced in the direction gradually away from the main cutter shaft; a cutting edge is formed on the upper surface of each cutting edge, the two adjacent cutting edges end to end extend along the first spiral design line, and the adjacent cutting edges parallel to the first spiral design line are arranged in a staggered mode. When the milling cutter is used for machining a workpiece, the problem that chippings block the machining groove and affect the forming quality of the machining groove is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of milling cutters, and in particular relates to a milling cutter structure. Background Art

[0002] Milling cutters are commonly used cutting tools and are widely used in the processing of various metal and non-metal materials. However, the chip clogging problem generated by milling cutters during the processing has a serious negative impact on processing efficiency, processing quality and tool life.

[0003] The chip removal groove of the milling cutter is mostly in the shape of a straight groove or an ordinary spiral groove. In the chip removal process of the straight groove chip removal groove, the chips lack sufficient guidance and restraint, and are easily accumulated in the groove. Especially when processing workpieces with complex shapes or performing deep hole processing, the chip removal path is blocked and the chips cannot be discharged in time, which leads to blockage. Although the ordinary spiral groove improves the directionality of chip removal to a certain extent, due to the unreasonable design of parameters such as the helix angle and groove width, the flow of chips in the spiral groove is still not smooth enough, especially when the chips are long and wide, they are easy to entangle and squeeze each other, eventually causing the chip removal channel to be blocked. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a milling cutter structure to solve the problem that the milling cutter is easily blocked by debris generated during the processing.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: On the one hand, the present application discloses a milling cutter structure, including a main cutter shaft, on which a plurality of cutting edges are detachably mounted, a first spiral design line is designed on the main cutter shaft, the first spiral design line spirally extends around the outer surface of the main cutter shaft to an end, a plurality of the cutting edges are arranged at intervals on the circumference of the main cutter shaft along the first spiral design line, the cross-section of the cutting edge is shuttle-shaped, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the cutting edge gradually decreases in a direction away from the main cutter shaft; A cutting edge is formed on the upper surface of each cutting edge, and two adjacent cutting edges extend along the first spiral design line, and the cutting edges on adjacent parallel first spiral design line segments are staggered.

[0006] Furthermore, a second spiral design line is provided, and the second spiral design line and the first spiral design line are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the main tool shaft. The main tool shaft forms a mounting edge along the trajectory of the second spiral design line, and the cutting edge can be detachably mounted on the mounting edge.

[0007] Furthermore, the mounting edge is recessed at intervals to form mounting grooves, the cutting edge portion is snapped into the mounting grooves, and the cutting edge is detachably connected to the mounting edge, while the extending direction of the cutting edge intersects with the extending direction of the second spiral design line.

[0008] Further, the cutting edge includes a main body portion and a connecting portion for being inserted into the mounting groove; The side wall of the installation edge is also formed with a connecting protrusion, and a connecting bolt is arranged between the connecting portion and the connecting protrusion.

[0009] Furthermore, there are overlapping sections of the mutually staggered cutting edges of adjacent layers along the direction of the first spiral design line.

[0010] Furthermore, the mounting edge also includes a bottom blade located at the end, the bottom blade is located at the end surface of the main blade shaft, and the bending direction of the bottom blade is consistent with the inclination direction of the cutting edge, and the thickness of the bottom blade is greater than the thickness of the mounting edge.

[0011] Furthermore, a purge channel is formed inside the main blade shaft, and the purge channel includes a spiral section and a plurality of branch sections. The spiral section is arranged along the rotation direction of the first spiral design line. One end of the branch section is connected to the spiral section, and the other end passes through the surface of the main blade shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the surface of the main blade shaft is provided with sieve holes, and the branch section is connected to the sieve holes.

[0013] Furthermore, the purging channel also includes a water supply ring channel, which is connected to the inlet end of the spiral section, and a water supply structure for introducing pressurized liquid into the water supply ring channel is also provided outside the main blade shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the water supply structure includes a fixed ring sleeved on the outside of the main blade shaft, and a rotating sleeve ring rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed ring; The fixed ring is provided with an annular channel which is connected to the water supply annular channel. The rotating ring is provided with a water injection channel which is connected to the water supply annular channel at one end and connected to a water supply source at the other end.

[0015] The present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application arranges multiple cutting edges in a spiral shape on the surface of the milling cutter structure, and a cutting edge is formed on the upper surface of each cutting edge. Cutting grooves and polishing are achieved through the cutting edge. The multiple cutting edges are staggered to make the chips generated during the cutting process shorter, thereby facilitating the discharge of the chips along the gaps between the cutting edges.

[0016] 2. The present application forms a mounting edge along the second spiral design line on the main tool shaft, and the second spiral design line and the first spiral design line are symmetrically arranged, so that the cutting edge installed on the mounting edge is more stably stressed during cutting and is not prone to deviation and shaking; in addition, the cutting edge can be disassembled for easy replacement, thereby extending the service life of the milling cutter structure of the present application.

[0017] 3. A purge channel is formed inside the main cutter shaft. Pour pressurized water into the purge channel so that the milling cutter structure can drive the water in the purge channel to spray toward the surface of the main cutter shaft during rotation, thereby flushing the debris and cleaning the surface of the main cutter shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a plane effect diagram of a milling cutter structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram for showing the arrangement of the first spiral design line and the second spiral design line of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention for showing the location where the mounting groove is provided on the mounting edge; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the local effect after the cutting edge of the present invention is installed on the installation edge; Figure 5 For along Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a local section after cutting along the cutting line 1-1; Figure 6 For along Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a local section after cutting along the cutting line 2-2; Figure 7 It is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram for showing the purge channel of the present invention; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0019] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows: 1. Main blade axis; 11. Bottom blade; 12. Sieve hole; 13. Limiting groove; 2. Cutting edge; 21. Cutting edge; 22. Main body; 23. Connecting part; 24. Fixing part; 3. First spiral design line; 4. Second spiral design line; 5. Mounting edge; 51. Mounting groove; 52. Connecting protrusion; 6. Flushing channel; 61. Spiral section; 62. Branch section; 63. Water supply ring; 7. Water supply structure; 71. Fixed ring; 711. Annular channel; 72. Rotating sleeve; 721. Water injection channel; 8. Connecting bolts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a milling cutter structure includes a main cutter shaft 1, which is cylindrical. A plurality of cutting edges 2 are detachably mounted on the main cutter shaft 1, and the milling cutter structure processes the workpiece through the plurality of cutting edges 2.

[0022] When designing the milling cutter structure, Figure 2 As described above, a first spiral design line 3 and a second spiral design line 4 are designed, and the first spiral design line 3 and the second spiral design line 4 are both arranged around the surface of the main tool axis 1, and the extension directions of the first spiral design line 3 and the second spiral design line 4 are symmetrical along the central axis of the main tool axis 1. It should be noted that the first spiral design line 3 and the second spiral design line 4 are virtual design lines, not physical structures.

[0023] A mounting ridge 5 is formed on the main knife shaft 1 along the trajectory of the second spiral design line 4. The mounting ridge 5 and the main knife shaft 1 are integrally formed and the mounting ridge 5 protrudes from the surface of the main knife shaft 1. In one specific embodiment, the cross-section of the mounting ridge 5 is a quadrilateral, and the thickness of the mounting ridge 5 in the contact area with the main knife shaft 1 is greater than the thickness of the top of the mounting ridge 5.

[0024] Several cutting edges 2 are arranged at intervals along the trajectory of the first spiral design line 3, and the cutting edges 2 are detachably arranged on the mounting edge 5. The cross-section of the cutting edge 2 is shuttle-shaped, and the cross-section area of ​​the cutting edge 2 gradually decreases in the direction away from the main blade axis 1, thereby forming an arc surface on the surface of the cutting edge 2; a cutting edge 21 is formed on the upper surface of the cutting edge 2, and the cutting edge 21 and the cutting edge 2 are integrally formed, and the extension direction of the cutting edge 21 can be curved. In a preferred embodiment, any two cutting edges 21 adjacent to each other are on the first spiral design line 3, so that all the cutting edges 21 extend along the first spiral design line 3, thereby improving the cutting effect of the cutting edges 21. It should be noted that no matter what the curved shape of the upper surface of the cutting edge 2 is, the cutting edge 21 adaptively adjusts its thickness so that each point on the upper surface of the cutting edge 21 is on the same cylindrical surface, thereby realizing the processing and cutting effect of the cutting edge 21 on the workpiece; in addition, the thickness of the cutting edge 21 close to the cutting edge 2 is greater than the thickness of the surface of the cutting edge 21. This design ensures that the cutting edge 21 has better installation stability while ensuring cutting strength.

[0025] The cutting edges 2 on adjacent parallel first spiral design lines 3 are staggered, and the cutting edges 21 of adjacent layers staggered from each other have overlapping sections along the direction of the first spiral design line 3, that is, Figure 1 As shown, there is an overlapping section S1 between the cutting edges 21 of adjacent layers that are staggered from each other. Such a design enables the cutting surface to be smoother and less prone to blind areas when the cutting edge 2 is used to process the workpiece.

[0026] Specifically, Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the mounting ridge 5 is recessed with mounting grooves 51 at intervals, and the cutting edge 2 includes a main body 22 and a connecting portion 23 for being inserted into the mounting groove 51. When installing the cutting edge 2, the connecting portion 23 is snapped into the mounting groove 51, and the cutting edge 2 is fixed to the mounting ridge 5 by the connecting bolt 8. It should be noted that after the cutting edge 2 is installed on the mounting ridge 5, the cutting edge 21 protrudes from the upper surface of the mounting ridge 5, and the extending direction of the cutting edge 21 intersects with the extending direction of the second spiral design line 4.

[0027] Specifically, Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the mounting edge 5 is formed with a connecting protrusion 52 on the side wall of the mounting groove 51, and two connecting protrusions 52 are provided, and the two connecting protrusions 52 protrude from the two side walls of the mounting edge 5 respectively, and the surface of the connecting protrusion 52 is parallel to the normal line of the second spiral design line 4 at the mounting groove 51. The connecting portion 23 at the bottom of the cutting edge 2 is designed to match the mounting groove 51, and the area where the bottom wall of the cutting edge 2 contacts the surface of the main blade shaft 1 is adaptively formed with a curved surface that fits the surface of the main blade shaft 1 to improve the installation stability of the cutting edge 2.

[0028] In another preferred embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, a limiting groove 13 is also provided on the surface of the main tool shaft 1, and a fixing portion 24 matching the shape of the limiting groove 13 is formed on the bottom wall of the cutting edge 2. When installing the cutting edge 2, after the connecting portion 23 is inserted into the installation groove 51, the fixing portion 24 is correspondingly inserted into the limiting groove 13; in addition, a plurality of high-strength connecting bolts are screwed into the side wall of the cutting edge 2, and the high-strength connecting bolts are threadedly connected to the cutting edge 2 and the main tool shaft 1 at the same time, so as to further fix the cutting edge 2 and the main tool shaft 1.

[0029] The milling cutter structure of the present application utilizes the cutting edge 2 to realize the processing function of the milling cutter, replacing the design concept of grooving the milling cutter surface to realize the chip discharge; the cutting edge 2 is arranged in a spiral shape according to the design concept, so that the milling cutter structure of the present application can realize normal cutting and processing through the cutting edge 2; in addition, the cutting edge 2 is installed on the main tool shaft 1 at individual intervals, and the cutting edges 2 between adjacent layers are staggered, so that when the workpiece is processed by the milling cutter structure of the present application, the chips generated are easy to break and shorter, thereby reducing the problem of long chips being entangled and squeezed to affect the processing quality. At the same time, the shorter chips also facilitate the discharge of chips; the gaps between the cutting edges 2 enable the chips to be discharged along the gaps, reducing the accumulation of chips.

[0030] The cutting edge 2 is designed to be shuttle-shaped so that the contact area between the cutting edge 2 and the main blade shaft 1 is larger and can withstand greater impact force, while the surface area gradually decreases, so that the cutting edge 21 can achieve cutting more accurately; the first spiral design line 3 and the second spiral design line 4 are symmetrically arranged, and the mounting edge 5 extends along the second spiral design line 4, and the cutting edge 2 is arranged along the first spiral design line 3. After the cutting edge 2 is installed to the mounting edge 5, when the main blade shaft 1 drives the cutting edge 2 to rotate and cut, since the extension direction of the cutting edge 2 and the extension direction of the mounting edge 5 intersect, the force exerted on the cutting edge 2 will be perpendicular to the surface of the connecting protrusion 52, thereby optimizing the supporting force of the connecting protrusion 52 on the cutting edge 2, so that the connecting protrusion 52 can better support the cutting edge 2, so as to enhance the ability of the cutting edge 2 to resist external resistance.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the mounting edge 5 also includes a bottom blade 11 located at the end, the bottom blade 11 and the mounting edge 5 are integrally formed, and the bottom blade 11 is located on the end face of the main blade shaft 1, and the bottom blade 11 first contacts the workpiece to be processed to achieve cutting of the workpiece to be processed. The bottom blade 11 has a curvature consistent with the inclination direction of the cutting edge 2, and the thickness of the bottom blade 11 is greater than the thickness of the mounting edge 5. By reasonably setting the thickness of the bottom blade 11, the upper surface of the bottom blade 11 and the upper surface of the cutting edge 21 can be located on the same cylindrical surface, and then the bottom blade 11 and the cutting edge 2 can jointly achieve cutting of the workpiece to be processed. During specific processing, the multiple bottom blades 11 arranged circumferentially around the main blade shaft 1 first cut the workpiece to be processed, and then the cutting edge 2 contacts the surface of the workpiece to be processed to achieve further cutting and grinding. Since the bottom blade 11 and the cutting edge 2 are staggered, the debris generated during the cutting process is not easy to be spiral or long, and it is not easy to be entangled or squeezed to affect the processing quality of the workpiece to be processed. Since the bottom edge 11 and the cutting edge 2 are in contact with the workpiece to be processed for a long time and are easily damaged, if the bottom edge 11 is worn, all the cutting edges 2 can be removed and only the main tool shaft 1 can be replaced; if a single cutting edge 2 is worn or damaged, the single cutting edge 2 can be disassembled and replaced, thereby making the maintenance and replacement cost of the milling cutter structure of the present application lower.

[0032] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a purge channel 6 is also provided in the main blade shaft 1. The purge channel 6 includes a water supply ring channel 63, a spiral section 61 and a plurality of branch sections 62 which are connected in sequence. The purge channel 6 can realize the function of spraying liquid on the surface of the main blade shaft 1. Specifically, the water supply ring channel 63 surrounds the side wall of the main blade shaft 1; the spiral section 61 is arranged along the rotation direction of the first spiral design line 3; a plurality of branch sections 62 are evenly arranged and connected along the spiral section 61, and the branch sections 62 extend in the main blade shaft 1 and pass through the side wall of the main blade shaft 1, and the branch sections 62 are inclined toward the side close to the bottom blade 11. In specific processing, the main blade shaft 1 can be produced by 3D printing technology, so that the fine processing of the purge channel 6 can be realized.

[0033] Specifically, a water supply structure 7 is provided outside the main blade shaft 1, and the water supply structure 7 includes a fixed ring 71 and a rotating sleeve 72. The fixed ring 71 is fixedly installed outside the main blade shaft 1, and the rotating sleeve 72 is rotatably connected to the fixed ring 71. An annular channel 711 is provided inside the fixed ring 71, and the annular channel 711 is connected to the water supply annular channel 63; a water injection channel 721 is provided on the rotating sleeve 72, and one end of the water injection channel 721 is connected to the water supply annular channel 63, and the other end is used to communicate with the water supply source, so that liquid can be injected into the water injection channel 721 by pressure, so that the liquid enters the water supply annular channel 63, and passes into the spiral section 61 through the water supply annular channel 63. It should be noted that a sealing structure is provided between the fixed ring 71 and the rotating sleeve 71, which can achieve sealing and reduce liquid leakage.

[0034] When the milling cutter rotates for processing, the liquid flows and rotates along the spiral section 61, and can be thrown out of the main cutter shaft 1 through the branch section 62 under the action of centrifugal force; a plurality of sieve holes 12 are arranged on the surface of the main cutter shaft 1, and each branch section 62 is connected to a plurality of sieve holes 12 in a one-to-one correspondence. The sieve holes 12 can disperse the liquid in the branch section 62 in the form of water mist, thereby reducing the situation where large molecular water flows gather on the milling cutter processing surface and affect the processing accuracy. It should be noted that the branch section 62 can pass through the surface of the main cutter shaft 1, and can also pass through the surface of the mounting edge 5, but the area where the branch section 62 passes through is staggered with the area covered by the cutting edge 2.

[0035] The flushing channel 6 is arranged in the main tool shaft 1. On the one hand, it can flush the fine debris on the surface of the milling cutter structure; on the other hand, it can moisten the surface of the milling cutter structure to achieve lubrication. Since a large amount of heat is generated by the friction between the milling cutter structure and the workpiece surface, the sprayed water mist can also achieve cooling, thereby reducing the softening or deformation of material properties due to the increase in temperature when processing some special materials.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A milling cutter structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main blade shaft (1), a plurality of cutting edges (2) being detachably mounted on the main blade shaft (1), a first spiral design line (3) being designed on the main blade shaft (1), the first spiral design line (3) spirally extending around the outer surface of the main blade shaft (1) to an end, a plurality of cutting edges (2) being arranged at intervals on the circumference of the main blade shaft (1) along the first spiral design line (3), a cross section of the cutting edge (2) being shuttle-shaped, and a cross section area of ​​the cutting edge (2) gradually decreasing in a direction gradually away from the main blade shaft (1); A cutting edge (21) is formed on the upper surface of each cutting edge (2), and two adjacent cutting edges (21) extend along the first spiral design line (3), and the cutting edges (2) on adjacent parallel first spiral design line (3) segments are staggered.

2. A milling cutter structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second spiral design line (4) is also provided, the second spiral design line (4) and the first spiral design line (3) being symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the main tool axis (1), the main tool axis (1) being formed with a mounting edge (5) along the trajectory of the second spiral design line (4), and the cutting edge (2) being detachably mounted on the mounting edge (5).

3. A milling cutter structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting edge (5) is recessed at intervals to form mounting grooves (51), the cutting edge (2) is partially engaged in the mounting groove (51), and the cutting edge (21) is detachably connected to the mounting edge (5), while the extending direction of the cutting edge (21) intersects with the extending direction of the second spiral design line (4).

4. A milling cutter structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cutting edge (2) comprises a main body portion (22) and a connecting portion (23) for being inserted into the mounting groove (51); A connecting protrusion (52) is also formed on the side wall of the mounting edge (5), and a connecting bolt (8) is provided between the connecting portion (23) and the connecting protrusion (52).

5. A milling cutter structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mutually staggered cutting edges (21) of adjacent layers have overlapping sections along the direction of the first spiral design line (3).

6. A milling cutter structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting edge (5) further comprises a bottom blade (11) located at the end, the bottom blade (11) being located at the end surface of the main blade shaft (1), and the bending direction of the bottom blade (11) being consistent with the inclination direction of the cutting edge (2), and the thickness of the bottom blade (11) being greater than the thickness of the mounting edge (5).

7. A milling cutter structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A purge channel (6) is formed inside the main blade shaft (1), the purge channel (6) comprising a spiral section (61) and a plurality of branch sections (62), the spiral section (61) being arranged along the rotation direction of the first spiral design line (3), one end of the branch section (62) being connected to the spiral section (61), and the other end of the branch section (62) passing through the surface of the main blade shaft (1).

8. A milling cutter structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surface of the main blade shaft (1) is provided with a sieve hole (12), and the branch section (62) is connected to the sieve hole (12).

9. A milling cutter structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The purge channel (6) further comprises a water supply annular channel (63), the water supply annular channel (63) being in communication with the inlet end of the spiral section (61), and a water supply structure (7) for introducing pressurized liquid into the water supply annular channel (63) is further provided outside the main blade shaft (1).

10. A milling cutter structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The water supply structure (7) comprises a fixed ring (71) sleeved on the outside of the main blade shaft (1), and a rotating sleeve ring (72) rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed ring (71); The fixed ring (71) is provided with an annular channel (711), the annular channel (711) being in communication with the water supply annular channel (63); the rotating ring (72) is provided with a water injection channel (721), one end of the water injection channel (721) being in communication with the water supply annular channel (63), and the other end being used for connecting to a water supply source.

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