Foamed ceramic sound insulation and absorption composite molding material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sound absorption materials, in particular to a foamed ceramic sound insulation and absorption composite molding material and a preparation method thereof. The foamed ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material comprises a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer which are compounded together, the sound insulation layer is prepared from the following raw materials: 55 to 70 parts of aerogel perlite compound, 5 to 7 parts of kaolin, 5 to 7 parts of talc, 4 to 6 parts of wollastonite, 6 to 9 parts of dolomite, 12 to 18 parts of feldspar and 0.2 to 0.5 part of silicon carbide powder; the sound absorption layer is prepared from the following raw materials: 65 to 75 parts of TiO2-diatomite compound, 4 to 6 parts of kaolin, 4 to 6 parts of talc, 9 to 11 parts of granite tailings, 8 to 10 parts of feldspar and 0.2 to 0.5 part of silicon carbide powder; the aerogel perlite compound is used as a main component of the sound insulation layer and is combined with the sound absorption layer formed by the TiO2-diatomite compound, so that a novel material with an open pore and closed pore combined three-dimensional structure is formed, and the problem that an existing material cannot meet efficient sound absorption and sound insulation requirements at the same time is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of sound absorbing materials, and in particular to a foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of society and the improvement of people's quality of life, the requirements for sound insulation and sound absorption materials in the construction and industrial fields are getting higher and higher. As a new type of green and environmentally friendly building material, foam ceramics show broad application prospects in prefabricated buildings and green buildings. It has the advantages of light weight, high strength, waterproof and moisture-proof, mildew and antibacterial, durable and weather-resistant, fireproof and fire-resistant, thermal insulation, sound insulation and noise reduction. These characteristics make it an important part of modern construction and industrial noise reduction solutions.

[0003] However, current sound insulation and sound absorption materials still have some shortcomings in practical applications:

[0004] Single-layer structure limitation: Most sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials on the market are single-layer structures, which limits their sound absorption performance because a single structure cannot effectively cover a wide frequency range of sound. In addition, existing materials usually fail to combine sophisticated acoustic design and strict acoustic testing, resulting in low pore size uniformity and fineness of the porous structure, affecting the final application effect.

[0005] Single function: Existing sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials are either through-hole materials, which provide good sound insulation but limited sound absorption capacity, or closed-cell materials, which can effectively absorb sound but have poor sound insulation. Therefore, these materials cannot meet the needs of efficient sound absorption and sound insulation at the same time when used alone.

[0006] Service life and environmental adaptability issues: Traditional sound-absorbing and insulating materials such as glass wool fibers may cause secondary environmental pollution, while metal sound-absorbing panels are susceptible to corrosion, which reduces the service life of the materials and exhibits poor weather resistance in the face of climate change. These defects limit the ability of the materials to work stably for a long time outdoors or in harsh environments.

[0007] Complex manufacturing process: In order to achieve good sound absorption and sound insulation effects, traditional methods often require the production of two different types of materials separately and then bonding them together. This not only increases the difficulty of construction, but may also shorten the service life of the product because the joint between the two parts is often the weakest point of the entire structure.

[0008] In summary, although there are many sound-absorbing and sound-insulating materials and technical solutions on the market, there is still a lot of room for improvement in improving the comprehensive performance of materials, simplifying production processes, and enhancing environmental adaptability. To this end, the present application provides a foam ceramic sound-insulating and sound-absorbing composite molding material and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material and a preparation method thereof. By using an aerogel perlite composite as the main component of the sound insulation layer and combining it with a sound absorption layer composed of a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, a new material with a three-dimensional structure combining open and closed cells is formed, which overcomes the problem that the existing materials cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of efficient sound absorption and sound insulation, so as to prevent the problems of increased construction difficulty and shortened service life when the two layers of materials are produced separately and then bonded together.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problem is:

[0011] In a first aspect, the present application provides a foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, including a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together;

[0012] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0013] Aerogel perlite compound 55-70 parts, kaolin 5-7 parts, talc 5-7 parts, wollastonite 4-6 parts, dolomite 6-9 parts, feldspar 12-18 parts, silicon carbide powder 0.2-0.5 parts;

[0014] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0015] 65-75 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, 4-6 parts of kaolin, 4-6 parts of talc, 9-11 parts of granite tailings, 8-10 parts of feldspar, and 0.2-0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0016] The preparation method of the aerogel perlite composite comprises the following steps:

[0017] The SiO2 sol and the perlite are impregnated under vacuum, and after the treatment, they are filtered, aged and dried in sequence to obtain an aerogel perlite composite;

[0018] The preparation method of TiO2-diatomite composite comprises the following steps:

[0019] B1. Pretreatment of diatomaceous earth

[0020] Dispersing diatomaceous earth in concentrated sulfuric acid, performing ultrasonic cleaning in an ultrasonic cleaner, and then drying, washing, drying and calcining to obtain pretreated diatomaceous earth;

[0021] B2. Preparation of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite:

[0022] Weigh the pretreated diatomaceous earth, disperse it in water, add TiCl4; heat to boiling, add ammonia water, adjust the pH value to neutral, and perform reflux treatment;

[0023] After the reflux treatment is completed, the product is filtered, dried and calcined to obtain a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite.

[0024] In some specific embodiments, in step B1, the calcination is performed at 900° C. for 2 hours; and in step B2, the calcination is performed at 500° C. for 2 hours.

[0025] In some specific embodiments, in step B2, the weight ratio of the pretreated diatomaceous earth to TiCl4 is 1:1.1-1.3.

[0026] In some specific embodiments, in the method for preparing the aerogel perlite composite, the impregnation treatment is performed under a vacuum degree of 0.08 MPa for 3-4 hours.

[0027] In some specific embodiments, in the method for preparing an aerogel perlite composite, the aging treatment is aging at room temperature for 24 hours.

[0028] In some specific embodiments, in the method for preparing the aerogel perlite composite, the drying is performed at 120° C. at normal pressure for 8 hours.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material according to the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0030] Step (1) taking materials according to the raw material composition of the sound insulation layer; preparing the sound insulation layer powder by ball milling and spray granulation; spreading the sound insulation layer powder in the refractory kiln furniture to a thickness of 10 to 25 mm and scraping it flat;

[0031] Step (2) taking materials according to the raw material composition of the sound absorbing layer; preparing the sound absorbing layer powder by ball milling and spray granulation, spreading the sound absorbing layer powder on the upper layer of the sound insulation layer powder, the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 25 to 75 mm, and scraping to obtain a blank;

[0032] Step (3) sending the blank into a kiln for firing at a temperature of 30 to 300° C. for a firing period of 1 hour; and then performing multiple stages of high-temperature firing;

[0033] After the firing in step (4) is completed, the material is cooled and taken out of the kiln to obtain the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, the raw material composition of the sound insulation layer in step (1) is taken, the raw material of the sound insulation layer is put into a ball mill, ceramic balls are added and ball-milled for 12 hours into a slurry, the slurry is passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and then dried and powdered in a spray drying tower, the moisture content of the powder is controlled within 7%, and the powder is put into a silo for aging for 20 hours;

[0035] The aged powder is conveyed to the roller granulator through a conveyor for granulation. The moisture content of the particles is 5%. The particles are spread in the refractory kiln furniture with a thickness of 10 to 25 mm and scraped flat.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, in step (2), materials are taken according to the raw material composition of the sound absorbing layer, kaolin, talc, granite tailings, feldspar, and silicon carbide powder are put into a ball mill, ceramic balls are added and ball-milled for 12 hours to form a slurry, the slurry is passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and then dried and powdered in a spray drying tower, the moisture content of the powder is controlled within 7%, and the powder is put into a silo for aging for 20 hours;

[0037] The aged powder is conveyed to the roller granulator through a conveyor for granulation. The particles have a moisture content of 5%. Then, the particles are fed into a drum equipped with spiral blades through a feeding belt and a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite discharged from a silo at the same time, and rolled in the drum for 5 minutes to allow the diatomaceous earth to fully wrap each particle. The particles coming out of the drum are loaded into a kiln tool with a ceramic fiber paper paved on the inner surface, and are fed into the kiln through a transmission device, and are rapidly heated to 1130°C and kept warm for 30 minutes; after the end of the heat preservation, they are rapidly cooled to obtain a sound absorbing layer powder, and the sound absorbing layer powder is spread on the upper layer of the sound insulation layer powder. The thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 25-75 mm, and the sound absorbing layer powder is scraped flat.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, in step (3), the specific process of multi-stage high-temperature sintering is: 300-300°C, sintering cycle 0.5h; 300-900°C, sintering cycle 3h; 900-900°C, sintering cycle 0.5h; 900-1130°C, sintering cycle 2h; 1130-1130°C, sintering cycle 0.5h; 950-900°C, sintering cycle 2h.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material of this application utilizes the unique physical and chemical properties of two composite materials. The aerogel perlite composite forms a closed-cell structure by vacuum impregnating SiO2 sol into the expanded perlite, effectively blocking the propagation of sound waves; while the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite enhances the absorption capacity of sound waves of different frequencies by optimizing the porous network structure. This solves the problems of single-layer structure limitation, single function, service life and environmental adaptability of traditional sound insulation and sound absorption materials.

[0041] The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material of the present application has a high porosity, ensuring good sound absorption performance; it is resistant to climate change and corrosion, improving the stability and life of the material under various environmental conditions; it is heat-resistant and shock-resistant, enhancing the application range of the material in high temperature or vibration environments.

[0042] The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material of the present application realizes excellent sound absorption and sound insulation properties in the same material, is produced using raw materials such as ceramic waste, and reduces environmental pollution.

[0043] The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material of the present application not only improves the functionality and applicability of the material, but also provides a more efficient, durable and environmentally friendly option for the construction and industrial fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material described in this application;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material described in this application.

[0047] Among them: 1. Sound insulation layer; 2. Sound absorption layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments, and the contents mentioned in the implementation modes are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0049] As used herein, "and / or" includes the term of all combinations of any one or more associated listed items. The terms used herein are only used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "an" and "the" are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It is further understood that "including", when used in this specification, specifies the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or compositions, but does not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, compositions and / or combinations thereof.

[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. It is further understood that terms, such as defined in commonly used dictionaries, are interpreted in accordance with their meanings in the context of the relevant art and are not in an idealized or overly formal sense unless explicitly so defined herein.

[0051] The exemplary invention described herein may appropriately lack any one or more element limitations that are not specifically disclosed herein. Therefore, the terms "comprise", "include", "contain", etc. should be understood broadly and non-restrictively. In addition, the terminology used herein is used as a description, not a limitation, and it is unintentional to use these terminology expressions that do not include any equivalent characteristics, but only describe some of their characteristics, but various modifications are possible within the scope of the present invention according to the rights. Therefore, although the present invention has been specifically disclosed by preferred embodiments and optional features, the modifications disclosed herein to embody the changes of the present invention may be recorded by those skilled in the art, and such modifications and changes will be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer 1 and a sound absorption layer 2 composited together;

[0053] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0054] Aerogel perlite compound 55-70 parts, kaolin 5-7 parts, talc 5-7 parts, wollastonite 4-6 parts, dolomite 6-9 parts, feldspar 12-18 parts, silicon carbide powder 0.2-0.5 parts;

[0055] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0056] 65-75 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, 4-6 parts of kaolin, 4-6 parts of talc, 9-11 parts of granite tailings, 8-10 parts of feldspar, and 0.2-0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0057] The preparation method of the aerogel perlite composite comprises the following steps:

[0058] The SiO2 sol and the perlite are impregnated under vacuum, and after the treatment, they are filtered, aged and dried in sequence to obtain an aerogel perlite composite;

[0059] The preparation method of TiO2-diatomite composite comprises the following steps:

[0060] B1. Pretreatment of diatomaceous earth

[0061] Dispersing diatomaceous earth in concentrated sulfuric acid, performing ultrasonic cleaning in an ultrasonic cleaner, and then drying, washing, drying and calcining to obtain pretreated diatomaceous earth;

[0062] B2. Preparation of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite:

[0063] Weigh the pretreated diatomaceous earth, disperse it in water, add TiCl4; heat to boiling, add ammonia water, adjust the pH value to neutral, and perform reflux treatment;

[0064] After the reflux treatment is completed, the product is filtered, dried and calcined to obtain a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite.

[0065] In this application, the role and purpose of each raw material in the sound insulation layer and the sound absorption layer are as follows:

[0066] 1. In the sound insulation layer

[0067] ① Aerogel perlite composite (55-70 parts):

[0068] Function: As the main component of the sound insulation layer, it forms a closed-cell structure by vacuum impregnating SiO2 sol into the expanded perlite.

[0069] Purpose of addition: This closed-cell structure can effectively block the propagation of sound waves and improve the sound insulation performance; at the same time, it enhances the mechanical strength of the material, making the overall structure more solid and durable.

[0070] ②Kaolin (5-7 parts):

[0071] Function: Acts as a binder to help other ingredients bond together better.

[0072] Purpose of addition: To increase the integrity and stability of the material, ensure uniform distribution of the components, and help improve the physical properties after firing.

[0073] ③Talc (5-7 parts):

[0074] Function: It has lubricating properties, can reduce the friction between powders, and facilitate molding processing.

[0075] Purpose of addition: To improve the plasticity and processing performance of the material, make the molding process smoother, and help reduce losses during the production process.

[0076] ④Wollastonite (4-6 parts):

[0077] Function: Provide additional filling effect and adjust the density and hardness of the material.

[0078] Purpose of addition: To optimize the mechanical properties of the material so that it exhibits better compressive resistance when subjected to external pressure, and also contributes to the acoustic performance.

[0079] ⑤Dolomite (6-9 parts):

[0080] Function: Carbonate minerals containing magnesium and calcium can improve the refractoriness and chemical stability of materials.

[0081] Purpose of addition: To enhance the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the material and extend its service life, making it especially suitable for use outdoors or in harsh environments.

[0082] ⑥ Feldspar (12-18 parts):

[0083] Function: As a flux, it can react with other ingredients at high temperatures to promote the sintering of materials.

[0084] Purpose of addition: To ensure that the materials are fully integrated during the firing process to form a dense and uniform structure, thereby improving the quality of the final product.

[0085] ⑦ Silicon carbide powder (0.2-0.5 parts):

[0086] Function: Extremely hard ceramic material with good thermal conductivity and wear resistance.

[0087] Purpose of addition: Adding in small amounts to improve the wear resistance and thermal shock resistance of the material without affecting other properties.

[0088] 2. In the sound absorbing layer

[0089] ①TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite (65-75 parts):

[0090] Function: The main sound-absorbing component optimizes the porous network structure and enhances the absorption capacity of sound waves of different frequencies.

[0091] Purpose of addition: By introducing TiO2, the pore distribution and connectivity are improved, the sound absorption performance is further optimized, the sound absorption frequency band is adjusted, and the density and elastic modulus of the material may be changed.

[0092] ②Kaolin (4-6 parts):

[0093] Function: Also acts as a binder, helping to maintain the integrity of the composite material.

[0094] Purpose of addition: To ensure uniform mixing of ingredients and improve the overall stability and consistency of the material.

[0095] ③ Talc (4-6 parts):

[0096] Function: Provide lubrication effect, which is beneficial to the molding process.

[0097] Purpose of adding: Similar to the sound insulation layer, it improves the plasticity and processing performance of the material and ensures a smooth molding process.

[0098] ④Granite tailings (9-11 parts):

[0099] Function: As a filler, it increases the hardness and density of the material.

[0100] Purpose of addition: To provide additional support to the material, making it stronger, while also utilizing its granular structure to assist in sound absorption.

[0101] ⑤ Feldspar (8-10 parts):

[0102] Function: Promote the sintering of materials and ensure that all components are fully integrated.

[0103] Purpose of addition: To form a dense and uniform structure and improve the quality and sound absorption performance of the material.

[0104] ⑥ Silicon carbide powder (0.2-0.5 parts):

[0105] Function: Improve the wear resistance and thermal shock resistance of materials.

[0106] Purpose of addition: Although the amount is small, it has an important impact on the long-term stability and performance of the material.

[0107] Therefore, through the combined effect of the above-mentioned raw materials, the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material not only improves the sound absorption and sound insulation effects of the material, but also enhances its durability and practicality, meeting the needs of modern construction and industrial fields for efficient noise reduction solutions.

[0108] It can be understood that the open-pore structure refers to the existence of interconnected channels inside the material, which allow media such as gas, liquid or sound waves to flow or propagate freely inside the material; the closed-pore structure means that the channels inside the material are closed to each other and not connected to other channels. This structure can effectively prevent the propagation of media such as gas, liquid or sound waves, thereby improving the thermal insulation, sound insulation and other properties of the material.

[0109] Preparation Example 1

[0110] The preparation method of the aerogel perlite composite comprises the following steps:

[0111] A1. Industrial water glass (Na2O·nSiO2, n=3.3) with a density of 1.385 g / mL and a solid content of 34% was selected as a silicon source; the industrial water glass was thoroughly mixed with 10 times of water; hydrochloric acid (HCl) was added to adjust the pH to 2-3, and the acidified solution was aged at room temperature for 36 hours to obtain SiO2 sol.

[0112] A2. Drain the prepared SiO2 sol into a vacuum cylinder containing expanded perlite to submerge the expanded perlite, and then seal the vacuum cylinder; turn on the vacuum pump and immerse for 3-4 hours at a vacuum degree of 0.08MPa.

[0113] A3. After the impregnation treatment is completed, the expanded perlite adsorbed with SiO2 sol is taken out and the sol on the surface is filtered out, placed in a sealed container to wait for gel formation (takes 10 hours), and then aged at room temperature for 36 hours.

[0114] A4. After aging, the mixture was dried at 120°C at normal pressure for 8 hours to obtain an aerogel perlite composite.

[0115] In the present application, the gel perlite composite is used as the main component of the sound insulation layer. The composite is formed by vacuum impregnating SiO2 sol into the expanded perlite, which not only enhances the mechanical strength of the material but also improves the sound insulation performance due to its closed-cell structure.

[0116] Preparation Example 2

[0117] The preparation method of nano TiO2-diatomite comprises the following steps:

[0118] B1. Pretreatment of diatomaceous earth

[0119] The diatomaceous earth was dispersed in concentrated sulfuric acid and ultrasonically cleaned in an ultrasonic cleaner for 0.5 hours to remove impurities; the cleaned diatomaceous earth was dried in a forced air drying oven at 100°C for 0.5 hours.

[0120] The diatomaceous earth was washed with deionized water until neutral and dried again at 100 °C for 1 h;

[0121] The diatomaceous earth was placed in a muffle furnace and calcined at 900° C. for 2 hours to obtain pretreated diatomaceous earth.

[0122] B2. Preparation of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite:

[0123] Weigh 20 g of the pretreated diatomaceous earth, disperse it in 800 ml of water, and transfer it to a three-necked distillation flask.

[0124] Under stirring and heating to 60°C, add an aqueous solution of TiCl4 (prepared by dissolving 22 grams of TiCl4 in 200 ml of water); after the addition is completed, heat to boiling, drop ammonia water, and adjust the pH to 7; after the pH adjustment is completed, heat to reflux for 3 hours.

[0125] Reflux, cool to room temperature, filter, and wash the filter cake with distilled water until there is no Cl - The ions remain and are then dried in a drying oven at 100°C; the dried sample is crushed, passed through a 300-mesh sieve, and calcined in a muffle furnace at 550°C for 2 hours to obtain a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite.

[0126] A small amount of TiO2-diatomite composite sample was pressed into a tablet or mixed with KBr to make a transparent thin sheet, and then placed in a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer for measurement. It was found that at about 460 cm -1 The Ti-O stretching vibration peak appears around 790-1100cm -1 There are Si-O-Si stretching vibration peaks in the range. The existence of these characteristic peaks confirms that TiO2 has been successfully chemically bonded to diatomaceous earth.

[0127] The TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite prepared by the above preparation method has excellent acoustic properties due to the unique microstructure of diatomaceous earth. Its interior is full of tiny holes, which can effectively absorb sound waves and reduce reflection, thereby achieving a sound insulation effect.

[0128] TiO2-diatomite composites can improve the distribution and connectivity of diatomite pores to a certain extent by loading TiO2, further optimizing its sound absorption performance. In addition, the introduction of TiO2 may also change the density and elastic modulus of the material, which is also beneficial for adjusting the sound absorption frequency band.

[0129] TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite is a green material based on natural minerals. It is non-toxic and harmless and meets the requirements of modern building decoration materials for health and environmental friendliness.

[0130] Preparation Example 3

[0131] The preparation method of the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material comprises the following steps:

[0132] Step (1) The raw material composition of the sound insulation layer is taken, the raw material of the sound insulation layer is put into a ball mill, ceramic balls are added and ball-milled for 12 hours to form a slurry, the slurry is passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and then dried and powdered in a spray drying tower, the moisture content of the powder is controlled within 7%, and the powder is put into a silo for aging for 20 hours;

[0133] The aged powder is conveyed to the roller granulator through a conveyor for granulation. The moisture content of the particles is 5%. The particles are spread in the refractory kiln furniture with a thickness of 10 to 25 mm and scraped flat.

[0134] In step (2), materials are taken according to the raw material composition of the sound absorbing layer, kaolin, talc, granite tailings, feldspar, and silicon carbide powder are put into a ball mill, ceramic balls are added and ball-milled for 12 hours to form a slurry, the slurry is passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and then dried and powdered in a spray drying tower, the moisture content of the powder is controlled within 7%, and the powder is put into a silo for aging for 20 hours;

[0135] The aged powder is conveyed to the roller granulator through a conveyor for granulation. The particles have a moisture content of 5%. Then, the particles are fed into a drum equipped with spiral blades through a feeding belt and a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite discharged from a silo at the same time, and rolled in the drum for 5 minutes so that the diatomaceous earth fully wraps each particle. The particles coming out of the drum are loaded into a kiln tool with a ceramic fiber paper paved on the inner surface, and are fed into the kiln through a transmission device, and are rapidly heated to 1130°C and kept warm for 30 minutes; after the end of the heat preservation, they are rapidly cooled to obtain a sound absorbing layer powder, and the sound absorbing layer powder is spread on the upper layer of the sound insulation layer powder. The thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 25-75 mm, and the powder is scraped flat to obtain a blank.

[0136] Step (3) sends the blank into a kiln for firing, the firing temperature is 30-300°C, and the firing period is 1 hour; then multiple stages of high-temperature firing are performed, and the specific process of the multiple stages of high-temperature firing is: 300-300°C, firing period 0.5h; 300-900°C, firing period 3h; 900-900°C, firing period 0.5h; 900-1130°C, firing period 2h; 1130-1130°C, firing period 0.5h; 950-900°C, firing period 2h.

[0137] Step (4) is completed, the kiln is cooled and the obtained Figure 2 The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material shown.

[0138] Preparation Example 4

[0139] The preparation method of nano-TiO2-diatomite is as follows: in step B2, 20 g of pre-treated diatomite is weighed, dispersed in 800 ml of water, and transferred to a three-necked distillation flask. Under stirring and heating to 60°C, an aqueous solution of TiCl4 (prepared by dissolving 26 g of TiCl4 in 200 ml of water) is added; the other conditions are the same as those in Example 2.

[0140] Preparation Example 5

[0141] The preparation method of nano-TiO2-diatomite is as follows: in step B2, 20 g of pre-treated diatomite is weighed, dispersed in 800 ml of water, and transferred to a three-necked distillation flask. Under stirring and heating to 60°C, an aqueous solution of TiCl4 (prepared by dissolving 24 g of TiCl4 in 200 ml of water) is added; the other conditions are the same as those in Example 2.

[0142] Example 1

[0143] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together;

[0144] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0145] 55 parts of aerogel perlite composite (Preparation Example 1), 5 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of talc, 4-6 parts of wollastonite, 6 parts of dolomite, 12 parts of feldspar, and 0.2 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0146] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0147] 65 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite (Preparation Example 2), 4 parts of kaolin, 4 parts of talc, 9 parts of granite tailings, 8 parts of feldspar, and 0.2 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0148] The above-mentioned foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material comprises the following steps:

[0149] In step (1), the thickness of the sound insulation layer powder is 10 mm;

[0150] In step (1), the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 25 mm;

[0151] Step (3) The blank is sent into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 30°C for 1 hour; then multiple high-temperature firing is performed, and the specific process of the multiple high-temperature firing is as follows: 300-300°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 300°C, firing cycle 3h; 900-900°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 900°C, firing cycle 2h; 1130-1130°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 950°C, firing cycle 2h; the remaining process and process parameters are consistent with Preparation Example 3.

[0152] Example 2

[0153] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together;

[0154] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0155] 70 parts of aerogel perlite composite (Preparation Example 1), 7 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of talc, 4-6 parts of wollastonite, 9 parts of dolomite, 18 parts of feldspar, and 0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0156] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0157] TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite (Preparation Example 2) 75 parts, kaolin 6 parts, talc 6 parts, granite tailings 11 parts, feldspar 10 parts, silicon carbide powder 0.5 parts;

[0158] The above-mentioned foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material comprises the following steps:

[0159] In step (1), the thickness of the sound insulation layer powder is 25 mm;

[0160] In step (1), the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 75 mm;

[0161] Step (3) The blank is sent into a kiln for firing, the firing temperature is 300°C, and the firing cycle is 1h; then multiple stages of high-temperature firing are performed, and the specific process of the multiple stages of high-temperature firing is: 300-300°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 900°C, firing cycle 3h; 900-900°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 1130°C, firing cycle 2h; 1130-1130°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 900°C, firing cycle 2h; the rest of the process and process parameters are consistent with Preparation Example 3.

[0162] Example 3

[0163] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together;

[0164] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0165] 60 parts of aerogel perlite composite (Preparation Example 1), 6 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of talc, 4-6 parts of wollastonite, 7 parts of dolomite, 16 parts of feldspar, and 0.4 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0166] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0167] 70 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite (Preparation Example 2), 5 parts of kaolin, 5 parts of talc, 10 parts of granite tailings, 9 parts of feldspar, and 0.4 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0168] The above-mentioned foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material comprises the following steps:

[0169] In step (1), the thickness of the sound insulation layer powder is 20 mm;

[0170] In step (1), the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 50 mm;

[0171] Step (3) The blank is sent into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 200°C and a firing period of 1h; then multiple high-temperature firing is performed, and the specific process of the multiple high-temperature firing is as follows: 300-300°C, firing period of 0.5h; 600°C, firing period of 3h; 900-900°C, firing period of 0.5h; 1020°C, firing period of 2h; 1130-1130°C, firing period of 0.5h; 930°C, firing period of 2h; the remaining process and process parameters are consistent with Preparation Example 3.

[0172] Example 4

[0173] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together;

[0174] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0175] 58 parts of aerogel perlite composite (Preparation Example 1), 5 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of talc, 4 parts of wollastonite, 9 parts of dolomite, 12 parts of feldspar, and 0.2 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0176] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0177] 67 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite (Preparation Example 4), 4 parts of kaolin, 6 parts of talc, 9 parts of granite tailings, 10 parts of feldspar, and 0.2 parts of silicon carbide powder;

[0178] The above-mentioned foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material comprises the following steps:

[0179] In step (1), the thickness of the sound insulation layer powder is 15 mm;

[0180] In step (1), the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 30 mm;

[0181] Step (3) The blank is sent into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 150°C and a firing period of 1h; then multiple high-temperature firing is performed, and the specific process of the multiple high-temperature firing is as follows: 300-300°C, firing period of 0.5h; 500°C, firing period of 3h; 900-900°C, firing period of 0.5h; 950°C, firing period of 2h; 1130-1130°C, firing period of 0.5h; 920°C, firing period of 2h; the remaining process and process parameters are consistent with Preparation Example 3.

[0182] Example 5

[0183] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together;

[0184] The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0185] 68 parts of aerogel perlite composite (Preparation Example 1), 7 parts of kaolin, 7 parts of talc, 4 parts of wollastonite, 6 parts of dolomite, 18 parts of feldspar, and 0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder.

[0186] The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0187] TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite (Preparation Example 5) 72 parts, kaolin 6 parts, talc 6 parts, granite tailings 9 parts, feldspar 8 parts, silicon carbide powder 0.5 parts;

[0188] The above-mentioned foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material comprises the following steps:

[0189] In step (1), the thickness of the sound insulation layer powder is 22 mm;

[0190] In step (1), the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 70 mm;

[0191] Step (3) The blank is sent into a kiln for firing at a firing temperature of 280°C and a firing cycle of 1h; then multiple high-temperature firing is performed, and the specific process of the multiple high-temperature firing is as follows: 300-300°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 800°C, firing cycle 3h; 900-900°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 1100°C, firing cycle 2h; 1130-1130°C, firing cycle 0.5h; 940°C, firing cycle 2h; the remaining process and process parameters are consistent with Preparation Example 3.

[0192] Comparative Example 1

[0193] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together, wherein:

[0194] The aerogel perlite composite is replaced by expanded perlite, that is, expanded perlite is used in the raw material composition and preparation method instead of the aerogel perlite composite; the other conditions are consistent with Example 1.

[0195] Comparative Example 2

[0196] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together, wherein:

[0197] The TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite is replaced by diatomaceous earth, that is, the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite is used instead of diatomaceous earth in the raw material composition and the preparation method;

[0198] The remaining conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0199] Comparative Example 3

[0200] A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, comprising a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer composited together, wherein:

[0201] The aerogel perlite composite is replaced by expanded perlite, that is, expanded perlite is used in the raw material composition and the preparation method instead of the aerogel perlite composite;

[0202] The TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite is replaced by diatomaceous earth, that is, the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite is used instead of diatomaceous earth in the raw material composition and the preparation method.

[0203] The remaining conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0204] The sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding materials prepared in Example 1 to Example 5 and Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 3 were subjected to the following performance tests, and the test results are summarized in the following Table 1.

[0205] 1. Sound absorption performance test

[0206] Use SWTM01-X sound absorption coefficient tester to test the sound absorption; place the sample to be tested opposite to the standing wave tube sound wave speaker, and after the sound wave contacts the material surface, a standing wave is formed between the test sample and the speaker; (test frequency 1000Hz) the instrument records the maximum and minimum values ​​of the sound pressure in the tube, and then calculates the standing wave ratio R. Sound absorption coefficient α, α = (1-R) ​​ / (1+R).

[0207] 2. Sound insulation performance test

[0208] Use SWTM01-X sound absorption coefficient tester to conduct sound insulation test;

[0209] The sample to be tested is placed on the sound wave propagation path of the test equipment; the equipment emits sound waves, and after the sound waves pass through the sample, the sound energy passing through the sample and the sound energy before incidence are measured; based on the measurement results, the transmission coefficient F is calculated; the sound insulation R is calculated using the transmission coefficient F.

[0210] R = 10log(1 / F), R is the sound insulation in decibels (dB), and F is the transmission coefficient;

[0211] F=E1 / E2, E1 is the sound energy after passing through the material, and E2 is the sound energy before entering the material.

[0212] 3. Mechanical properties testing

[0213] For the compressive strength test, the sample was placed in the compression fixture of the universal testing machine, and the testing machine was set to compress at a speed of 1.5 mm / min. When the deformation of the sample reached 20%, the test was terminated and the compressive strength was obtained.

[0214] For the tensile strength test, the sample was placed in the tensile fixture of the universal testing machine, and the testing machine was set to stretch at a speed of 3 mm / min until the sample broke. The test was completed and the tensile strength was obtained.

[0215] For the wear resistance test, the sample (cross section) was fixed on the test bench of the ASR-5611 wear resistance testing machine. The testing machine was turned on to make the sample contact with the friction body (rotation speed 5000r / min) and generate friction to obtain the mass loss during the wear process.

[0216] Table 1

[0217]

[0218]

[0219] From the results of Examples 1-5 in Table 1, it can be seen that the prepared foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material exhibits excellent properties in terms of sound absorption coefficient, sound insulation, compressive strength, tensile strength and wear resistance. The specific results are as follows:

[0220] Sound absorption coefficient: ranging from 0.75 to 0.84, indicating that these materials can effectively absorb sound and reduce reflected sound waves, mainly due to the presence of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, which has a porous structure that can effectively capture and consume sound energy.

[0221] Sound insulation (dB): The range is 21.9 to 23.3 dB, which means the material has good sound insulation. This is because the sound insulation layer is designed with closed-cell materials, such as aerogel perlite composites, which can block the transmission of sound waves.

[0222] Compressive strength (MPa): Ranges from 1.52 to 1.61 MPa, indicating that the material has sufficient hardness to withstand external pressure without deformation or damage.

[0223] Tensile strength (MPa): ranges from 3.8 to 4.1 MPa, reflecting that the material has a certain toughness and will not break easily when subjected to tension.

[0224] Wear amount (g / cm 2 ): range from 0.025 to 0.029 g / cm 2 , indicating that the material has good wear resistance and is not easily worn out due to friction.

[0225] Therefore, the composite molding material of the present application uses an aerogel perlite composite as the main component of the sound insulation layer. The composite is formed by vacuum impregnation of SiO2 sol into the expanded perlite, which not only enhances the mechanical strength of the material, but also improves the sound insulation performance due to its closed-cell structure.

[0226] The sound-absorbing layer uses a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite material, which, after being mixed in a specific proportion and treated at high temperature, forms an open porous network structure that is conducive to the absorption of sound energy.

[0227] The two layers of material are tightly combined together through a single sintering process, avoiding the problem of poor bonding that may exist in traditional methods, thereby ensuring the integrity and stability of the material.

[0228] During the preparation process, parameters such as raw material ratio, powder particle size and sintering temperature are strictly controlled to ensure the uniformity and consistency of the final product, thereby optimizing various physical and chemical properties.

[0229] In summary, the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material provided by the present invention combines excellent sound absorption and sound insulation functions, and also has high mechanical properties and durability, and is suitable for a variety of construction and industrial noise reduction application scenarios.

[0230] From the results of comparative example 1 in Table 1, it can be seen that when the aerogel perlite composite is replaced with expanded perlite, the prepared foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material has a significant decline in various properties. The specific results are as follows:

[0231] Sound absorption coefficient: 0.65, which is lower than that of Example 1 (0.75).

[0232] Sound insulation (dB): 12.2dB, much lower than 21.9dB of Example 1.

[0233] Compressive strength (MPa): 1.43 MPa, slightly lower than 1.52 MPa of Example 1.

[0234] Tensile strength (MPa): 3.5 MPa, which is also lower than 3.8 MPa of Example 1.

[0235] Wear amount (g / cm 2 ): 0.043g / cm 2 , higher than 0.025 g / cm in Example 1 2 .

[0236] Compared with Example 1, the comparative example 1 exhibits poor performance mainly because the change in material composition affects its internal structure and physical properties:

[0237] Sound absorption performance: The SiO2 sol in the aerogel perlite composite is impregnated into the expanded perlite under vacuum conditions, and after aging and drying, a composite material with a unique microstructure is formed. This structure not only increases the porosity of the material, but also improves the connectivity of the pores, which is conducive to the absorption of sound energy. Although the pure expanded perlite also has a certain porous structure, it lacks the additional optimization effect brought by the SiO2 sol, so the sound absorption coefficient is lower.

[0238] Sound insulation performance: Aerogel perlite composites can effectively prevent the propagation of sound waves due to their closed-cell structure, thereby improving the sound insulation effect. In contrast, the closed-cell effect of expanded perlite is not as obvious as the former, resulting in a significant reduction in sound insulation.

[0239] Mechanical properties: Aerogel perlite composites are made through a specific process, and their internal structure is more dense and uniform, which helps to improve the overall mechanical strength of the material. However, expanded perlite is relatively loose, and its compressive and tensile strengths are weakened.

[0240] Wear resistance: Aerogel perlite composites, due to their unique composition and manufacturing process, make the material surface stronger and smoother, reducing mass loss during friction. Expanded perlite is more susceptible to wear, resulting in higher wear.

[0241] From the results of comparative example 2 in Table 1, it can be seen that when the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite is replaced with pure diatomaceous earth, the prepared foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material also shows significant changes in various properties. The specific results are as follows:

[0242] Sound absorption coefficient: 0.51, significantly lower than that of Example 1 (0.75).

[0243] Sound insulation (dB): 19.5dB, which is lower than 21.9dB in Example 1.

[0244] Compressive strength (MPa): 1.45 MPa, slightly lower than 1.52 MPa of Example 1.

[0245] Tensile strength (MPa): 3.6 MPa, which is also lower than 3.8 MPa of Example 1.

[0246] Wear amount (g / cm 2 ): 0.052g / cm 2 , higher than 0.025 g / cm in Example 1 2 .

[0247] Compared with Example 1, the main reason why Comparative Example 2 shows these performance differences is that the internal structure and physical properties change caused by the change in material composition:

[0248] Sound absorption performance: TiO2-diatomite composite not only retains the porous structure of diatomite itself, but also improves the pore distribution and connectivity by introducing TiO2, enhancing the material's ability to absorb sound waves of different frequencies. When using diatomite alone, although it has a certain sound absorption effect, its sound absorption coefficient is greatly reduced due to the lack of additional optimization provided by TiO2, such as changing the density and elastic modulus of the material.

[0249] Sound insulation performance: TiO2-diatomaceous earth composites may slightly increase the density of the material due to the presence of TiO2, which helps to improve the sound insulation effect. In contrast, diatomaceous earth used alone does not perform as well as composite materials in this regard, resulting in a decrease in sound insulation.

[0250] Mechanical properties: The TiO2 component in the TiO2-diatomite composite can enhance the overall mechanical strength of the material, including compressive and tensile strength. However, when diatomite is used alone, its ability in this regard is relatively weak, so the scores of Comparative Example 2 on these two indicators are lower than those of Example 1.

[0251] Wear resistance: TiO2-diatomite composites have better wear resistance due to their more complex microstructure and possible changes in surface properties. When diatomite is used alone, the surface hardness and smoothness are insufficient, which easily leads to greater mass loss during friction, resulting in higher wear.

[0252] In summary, the introduction of TiO2-diatomite composite plays an important role in improving the comprehensive performance of foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding materials. It not only improves the sound absorption and sound insulation performance of the material, but also enhances the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the material to a certain extent.

[0253] From the results of comparative example 3 in Table 1, it can be seen that when the aerogel perlite composite is replaced with expanded perlite and the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite is replaced with pure diatomaceous earth, the prepared foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material has a significant decline in various properties. The specific results are as follows:

[0254] Sound absorption coefficient: 0.43, significantly lower than that of Example 1 (0.75).

[0255] Sound insulation (dB): 8.5dB, much lower than 21.9dB of Example 1.

[0256] Compressive strength (MPa): 1.35 MPa, slightly lower than 1.52 MPa of Example 1.

[0257] Tensile strength (MPa): 3.4 MPa, which is also lower than 3.8 MPa of Example 1.

[0258] Wear amount (g / cm2 ): 0.078g / cm 2 , higher than 0.025 g / cm in Example 1 2 .

[0259] Compared with Example 1, the main reason why Comparative Example 3 shows these performance differences is that the internal structure and physical properties change caused by the change in material composition:

[0260] Sound absorption performance, Example 1 vs. Comparative Example 3: The TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite and the aerogel perlite composite work together to form an optimized porous network structure that can more effectively capture and consume sound energy. In Comparative Example 3, due to the lack of the unique properties of these two composite materials, especially the optimized pore distribution provided by TiO2 and the enhanced closed-cell structure brought by SiO2 sol, the sound absorption coefficient dropped significantly to 0.43.

[0261] Sound insulation performance, Example 1 vs. Comparative Example 3: The closed-cell structure in the aerogel perlite composite is crucial for blocking the transmission of sound waves. Using expanded perlite alone cannot provide the same closed-cell effect, and the sound insulation capacity of diatomaceous earth itself is limited, so the sound insulation of Comparative Example 3 is only 8.5 dB, far lower than 21.9 dB in Example 1.

[0262] Mechanical properties, Example 1 vs. Comparative Example 3: The presence of the two composite materials in Example 1 improves the overall mechanical strength of the material, the aerogel perlite composite in Example 1 enhances the density and smoothness of the material through a specific process, and the TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite improves the elastic modulus and density of the material. Comparative Example 3 lacks these two improvements, resulting in a decrease in both compressive and tensile strengths.

[0263] Wear resistance, Example 1 vs. Comparative Example 3: The introduction of the composite material in Example 1 not only improves the mechanical properties, but also increases the wear resistance of the material due to its complex microstructure and surface property changes. The single component material (expanded perlite and diatomaceous earth) used in Comparative Example 3 is more likely to lose mass during friction, resulting in an increase in wear loss to 0.078 g / cm 2 .

[0264] In summary, the use of expanded perlite to replace the aerogel perlite composite and diatomite to replace the TiO2-diatomite composite in Comparative Example 3 directly led to a comprehensive decline in the sound absorption, sound insulation, mechanical properties and wear resistance of the material. This shows that the aerogel perlite composite and the TiO2-diatomite composite play a vital role in improving the comprehensive performance of the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material. Without either of them, it is difficult to achieve the expected effect. This combination not only optimizes the acoustic performance of the material, but also provides significant advantages in mechanical properties and durability.

[0265] The above embodiments are preferred implementation schemes of the present invention. In addition, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways. Any obvious replacement without departing from the concept of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material, characterized in that: It includes a sound insulation layer and a sound absorption layer compounded together; The sound insulation layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Aerogel perlite compound 55-70 parts, kaolin 5-7 parts, talc 5-7 parts, wollastonite 4-6 parts, dolomite 6-9 parts, feldspar 12-18 parts, silicon carbide powder 0.2-0.5 parts; The sound absorbing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65-75 parts of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite, 4-6 parts of kaolin, 4-6 parts of talc, 9-11 parts of granite tailings, 8-10 parts of feldspar, and 0.2-0.5 parts of silicon carbide powder; The preparation method of the aerogel perlite composite comprises the following steps: The SiO2 sol and the perlite are impregnated under vacuum, and after the treatment, they are filtered, aged and dried in sequence to obtain an aerogel perlite composite; The preparation method of TiO2-diatomite composite comprises the following steps: B1. Pretreatment of diatomaceous earth Dispersing diatomaceous earth in concentrated sulfuric acid, performing ultrasonic cleaning in an ultrasonic cleaner, and then drying, washing, drying and calcining to obtain pretreated diatomaceous earth; B2. Preparation of TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite: Weigh the pretreated diatomaceous earth, disperse it in water, add TiCl4; heat to boiling, add ammonia water, adjust the pH value to neutral, and perform reflux treatment; After the reflux treatment is completed, the product is filtered, dried and calcined to obtain a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite.

2. The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step B1, the calcination is performed at 900° C. for 2 hours; and in step B2, the calcination is performed at 500° C. for 2 hours.

3. The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step B2, the weight ratio of the pretreated diatomaceous earth to TiCl4 is 1:1.1-1.

3.

4. The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the method for preparing the aerogel perlite composite, the impregnation treatment is performed under a vacuum degree of 0.08 MPa for 3-4 hours.

5. The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation method of the aerogel perlite composite, the aging treatment is aging at room temperature for 36 hours.

6. The foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the preparation method of the aerogel perlite composite, the drying is carried out at 120° C. under normal pressure for 8 hours.

7. The method for preparing the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step (1) taking materials according to the raw material composition of the sound insulation layer; preparing the sound insulation layer powder by ball milling and spray granulation; spreading the sound insulation layer powder in the refractory kiln furniture to a thickness of 10 to 25 mm and scraping it flat; Step (2) taking materials according to the raw material composition of the sound absorbing layer; preparing the sound absorbing layer powder by ball milling and spray granulation, spreading the sound absorbing layer powder on the upper layer of the sound insulation layer powder, the thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 25 to 75 mm, and scraping to obtain a blank; Step (3) sending the blank into a kiln for firing at a temperature of 30 to 300° C. for a firing period of 1 hour; and then performing multiple stages of high-temperature firing; After the firing in step (4) is completed, the material is cooled and taken out of the kiln to obtain the foam ceramic sound insulation and sound absorption composite molding material.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Step (1) The raw material composition of the sound insulation layer is taken, the raw material of the sound insulation layer is put into a ball mill, ceramic balls are added and ball-milled for 12 hours to form a slurry, the slurry is passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and then dried and powdered in a spray drying tower, the moisture content of the powder is controlled within 7%, and the powder is put into a silo for aging for 20 hours; The aged powder is conveyed to the roller granulator through a conveyor for granulation. The moisture content of the particles is 5%. The particles are spread in the refractory kiln furniture with a thickness of 10 to 25 mm and scraped flat.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), materials are taken according to the raw material composition of the sound absorbing layer, kaolin, talc, granite tailings, feldspar, and silicon carbide powder are put into a ball mill, ceramic balls are added and ball-milled for 12 hours to form a slurry, the slurry is passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and then dried and powdered in a spray drying tower, the moisture content of the powder is controlled within 7%, and the powder is put into a silo for aging for 20 hours; The aged powder is conveyed to the roller granulator through a conveyor for granulation. The particles have a moisture content of 5%. Then, the particles are fed into a drum equipped with spiral blades through a feeding belt and a TiO2-diatomaceous earth composite discharged from a silo at the same time, and rolled in the drum for 5 minutes to allow the diatomaceous earth to fully wrap each particle. The particles coming out of the drum are loaded into a kiln tool with a ceramic fiber paper paved on the inner surface, and are fed into the kiln through a transmission device, and are rapidly heated to 1130°C and kept warm for 30 minutes; after the end of the heat preservation, they are rapidly cooled to obtain a sound absorbing layer powder, and the sound absorbing layer powder is spread on the upper layer of the sound insulation layer powder. The thickness of the sound absorbing layer powder is 25-75 mm and is scraped flat.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (3), the specific process of multi-stage high-temperature sintering is: 300-300°C, sintering cycle 0.5h; 300-900°C, sintering cycle 3h; 900-900°C, sintering cycle 0.5h; 900-1130°C, sintering cycle 2h; 1130-1130°C, sintering cycle 0.5h; 950-900°C, sintering cycle 2h.

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