Lightweight fireproof silicon magnesium fiberboard

Abstract

The invention discloses a lightweight fireproof silicon magnesium fiberboard (L FireBoard / L lightweight A-grade fireproof heat insulation board), which belongs to the technical field of building materials, and comprises a magnesium cementing material layer, a reinforcing material layer and a filling layer, the two faces of the filling layer are each provided with at least one reinforcing material layer, and the outer surface of each reinforcing material layer is coated with a magnesium cementing material layer. The fireproof plate has the advantages and characteristics of high temperature resistance, flame retardance, sound absorption, shock resistance, insect prevention, water resistance, moisture resistance, light weight, corrosion resistance, no toxicity, no odor, no pollution and the like. Paint can be directly applied, a decorative surface or a ceramic tile can be directly pasted, and the surface has good dyeing property; the composite material has the advantages of high strength, bending resistance and toughness, and can be compounded with other various fireproof and heat-insulating materials to prepare a fireproof heat-insulating protective layer, a fireproof partition board, a composite heat-insulating board and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a lightweight fireproof silicon magnesium fiberboard. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing requirements of the construction industry for fire resistance and the growing demand for lightweight and environmentally friendly building materials, traditional building decoration materials face many challenges in terms of fire resistance, weight and environmental protection. For example, traditional glass magnesium boards cannot be free of halogen. They are light but fragile and powdery. They are not strong enough to hold nails and cannot be bent. In addition, as magnesium composite materials, compared with traditional flammable wood boards and plastic boards, other composite board materials such as bamboo fiberboard, bamboo charcoal fiberboard, plastic board, etc. contain harmful and toxic substances when burned, and produce thick smoke that endangers life, posing a safety hazard.

[0003] Although some of the existing fireproof glass magnesium boards on the market have certain fireproof properties, their production process is complex, the cost is high, the hardness is poor, the nail holding force is poor, and there is still room for improvement in terms of strength, lightness, etc. For example, traditional fireproof glass magnesium boards and fireproof calcium silicate boards are thick, easy to break and turn into powder, very heavy, and thick and thin boards cannot be bent, which increases the deadweight of the building.

[0004] Although some fireproof magnesium and fireproof calcium silicate materials that can achieve Class A fire protection have been applied in the field of fireproof panels, they are not light enough, cannot be bent, and their fireproof performance, waterproof and moisture-proof performance, etc. still need to be improved, making it difficult to meet the application requirements of high-performance fireproof panels.

[0005] Glass magnesium board, also known as magnesium oxide board or magnesia board, is mainly made of raw materials such as magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfate and water. It is a magnesium cementitious material with stable performance, a new type of non-combustible decorative material composited with medium-alkaline glass fiber mesh as reinforcing material and lightweight materials as fillers. The production of glass magnesium board involves special production processes, including configuration, molding, maintenance and other process steps. Glass magnesium board is widely used in the construction field for its light weight, high strength, fire resistance, moisture resistance, corrosion resistance, sound insulation and heat insulation. It is also odorless, non-toxic, non-freezing, non-corrosive, non-cracking, non-changing, non-combustible, easy to construct and long service life.

[0006] The problems existing in the existing technology of traditional glass magnesium board mainly include:

[0007] 1. Production efficiency and quality issues: At present, the production of many glass magnesium boards still relies on manual labor, resulting in low production efficiency, poor quality, single specifications, and waste of resources. 2. Low degree of automation: The production efficiency and quality of foreign glass magnesium boards are not as good as those in China, and there are problems such as low degree of automation, low efficiency and poor quality. 3. Insufficient control of raw materials: Many factories do not have a complete chemical analysis room and do not understand the difference between magnesium oxide (MgO) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ) analysis method, resulting in product quality completely depending on the stability of raw materials, and product quality is highly random. 4. Unscientific ingredients: Some factories lack scientific ingredient calculation and measurement methods, and only rely on experience and slurry dryness to determine the amount of addition, resulting in product instability and deformation and halogen regeneration. 5. Insufficient molding and cutting precision: The precision of equipment and molds, as well as the quality of cutting machines affect the appearance of products, causing the appearance quality of some products to deviate too much. 6. Unstandardized maintenance: Product maintenance after molding is an important link. The products of many factories are deformed due to improper maintenance. 7. Modification problem: At present, there are problems with the modification of glass magnesium flat plate solidifying materials. Many small factories do not understand the principle of the modifier to be added. They hear from others and add whatever they hear. 8. Factory moisture content problem: Different regions have different requirements for moisture content. Manufacturers should control different moisture contents according to different use areas, but few manufacturers can do these points. 9. Chloride ion content problem: Due to the large amount of chloride ions in glass magnesium flat plates, halogen regeneration is prone to occur and it is corrosive to metals. Many users, especially exporters, require control of chloride ion content. 10. Poor water resistance: If the free chloride ions of the glass magnesium board are not well controlled, the water resistance will be poor, and the glass magnesium board will warp and deform more obviously. 11. Corrosiveness: It has a certain degree of corrosiveness to steel. For reinforced concrete structures, the content of magnesia cement should not exceed 0.06%. 12. Moisture resorption: In a humid environment, water droplets will appear on the surface of objects, causing the objects to crack. After being affected by moisture, cracks will appear on the objects and finally fall off slowly.

[0008] Therefore, providing a new type of fireproof board material to ensure that it has excellent fire resistance, light weight and high strength, bendability, waterproofness and moisture resistance, etc., to meet the growing demand for fire safety and green environmental protection in modern buildings is a technical problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0009] In view of this, the present invention provides a magnesium gel material with stable performance, which is based on a ternary system of magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfate and water and treated with a special modifier, and is combined with a multi-layer alkali-resistant glass fiber cloth reinforcement material and a lightweight filler to form a lightweight fireproof silicon magnesium fiberboard.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] A lightweight fireproof magnesium silicon fiberboard, comprising a magnesium gelling material layer, a reinforcing material layer and a filling layer;

[0012] Wherein, at least one reinforcing material layer is provided on both sides of the filling layer, and the outer surface of the reinforcing material layer is coated with a magnesium gelling material layer;

[0013] The thickness of the magnesium cementitious material layer, the reinforcing material layer and the filling layer are all 0.5 mm.

[0014] The magnesium gelling material layer is composed of the following raw materials by mass fraction: 50% magnesium oxide, 25% magnesium sulfate, 20% high performance modifier, and 5% water;

[0015] The reinforcement material layer is alkali-resistant glass fiber cloth.

[0016] Furthermore, the filling layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 9 parts of plant fiber and 10 parts of perlite.

[0017] Furthermore, the thickness of the lightweight fireproof magnesium silicon fiberboard is 2-20 mm.

[0018] Further, the high performance modifier is a high molecular polymer;

[0019] The high molecular polymer is lithopone or nano silicon-based compound.

[0020] The product of the present invention can be applied to high-quality fireproof materials for lightweight partition walls, ceilings and composite floors of various buildings. At the same time, it can be bent appropriately to cover curved walls, ceilings and curved columns, etc. The application types of buildings are wide, including: internal partition walls and ceilings of office buildings, commercial buildings, passenger stations, railway stations, airports, hotels, scientific research institutes, schools, hospitals, cinemas, gymnasiums, etc., as well as covering with various materials of membrane materials and plates, metal plates, etc. to make the most fashionable decorative wall panels for decoration. In addition, it can also be used for building mezzanines, movable partitions, sound-absorbing structures, sound-insulating structures, thermal insulation structures, signboards, fire separation areas, low-break enclosures, fire-resistant air ducts, fire doors, eaves retaining boards, bathroom partitions, wainscots, storage cabinets, billboards, and can replace wooden plywood to make wall skirts, window panels, door panels, furniture and other interior decoration appliances. It can also be made into blending paint and clear water paint as needed, and can be processed into various types of board surfaces. It can also be used in projects in humid environments such as basements, civil air defense and mines.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the fireproof board of the present invention has the advantages of high temperature resistance, flame retardancy, sound absorption, shockproof, insect-proof, waterproof and moisture-proof, light weight and corrosion resistance, non-toxic, tasteless and pollution-free. It can be directly painted, directly pasted with decorative surfaces, directly pasted with tiles, and the surface has good colorability, high strength, bending resistance and toughness, and can be nailed, sawed, glued, and decorated. It can also be composited with other various fireproof and heat-insulating materials to form fireproof and heat-insulating protective layers, fireproof partition boards, composite heat-insulating boards, etc.

[0022] The fireproof composite board of the present invention is a non-combustible board, the flame continuous burning time is zero, it does not burn at 800°C, and there is no flame at 1200°C, reaching the highest fireproof and non-combustible level A1. The partition system made of high-quality keels has a fire resistance limit of more than 3 hours. It can absorb a large amount of heat energy during the combustion process when encountering fire, delaying the increase in ambient temperature.

[0023] The fireproof composite board of the present invention has the characteristics of uniform pore structure, compactness and inorganic material, and has a thermal conductivity of 0.216w / cm·k, which is more heat-insulating than 1.1w / cm·k of lime sand brick blocks, saves energy consumption, and maintains a comfortable environment and fresh air in the room.

[0024] At the same time, the fireproof composite board of the present invention has no water permeability. In dry, cold and humid weather, the performance is always stable and consistent, and it is not affected by condensed water drops and humid air. Even if it is soaked in water for several days and then naturally dried, it will not deform or become soft and can be used normally without moisture absorption and halogen reversion.

[0025] The apparent density of the fireproof composite board of the present invention is 0.8-1.2 g / cm 3 , reducing the building load, reducing the weight of the building's inner wall by more than 60%, while increasing the usable area by 5-8%. Lightweight is beneficial to the structure's earthquake resistance and effectively reduces the cost of the foundation and main structure.

[0026] The new fireproof composite board of the present invention is a composite board with reinforced glass fiber cloth and plant fiber with good toughness. It is light in weight, compact in structure, stable, and non-deformable. It has the toughness of wood and performs well in impact resistance, compression resistance, tensile resistance, and fracture resistance. It is both rigid and tough, and its bending strength reaches 322kgf / cm 2 (vertical) and 216kgf / cm 2 (horizontal), impact strength can reach 25MPa.

[0027] The fireproof composite board of the present invention has excellent sound insulation performance despite its light weight and thinness, and can create a quiet and elegant environment for the room during use. The test results show that the sound insulation of the 6mm thick fireproof composite board of the present invention is 29dB. In addition, the partition system composed of double-sided single-layer 9mm new fireproof composite board + 75 keels + 50 fire-resistant heat insulation cotton has an air sound insulation greater than 42dB. The fire-resistant partition system composed of double-sided single-layer 8mm new fireproof composite board + double-sided single-layer 12mm fire-resistant heat insulation cotton / aluminum foil + 20mm keels has an air sound insulation greater than 42dB. This proves that the uniform pore structure of the new fireproof composite board is incomparable to other densely structured glass magnesium boards.

[0028] The fireproof composite board of the present invention can be provided with a smooth surface and a rough surface. Both sides can be pasted with wallpaper, PET board, veneer fireproof board, veneer, PVC, spray paint or latex paint, etc.; the rough surface can be pasted with ceramic tile, marble, granite, plaster and latex paint. The glass magnesium fiberboard has excellent affinity to the above materials, can be processed on site for the second time, can also be used for the second time, and can be bent and shaped with a diameter of 30cm without loss of physical properties.

[0029] The fireproof composite board of the present invention solves the problem of moisture absorption and halogen return of the board through a new formula. Its strength increases with time, it is corrosion-resistant, acid-resistant and alkali-resistant, has small changes in thermal expansion and contraction, has a dry shrinkage rate of ≤0.3%, a wet expansion rate of ≤0.6%, and has frost resistance of -40°C.

[0030] The fireproof composite board of the present invention has inorganic mineral powder inside which constitutes the mildew-proof, bacteria-proof, insect-proof and termite-proof functions of the novel fireproof composite board, and meets the high mildew-proof standards of building materials.

[0031] The fireproof composite board of the present invention does not contain asbestos, formaldehyde, benzene and harmful radioactive elements, and is smokeless, non-toxic and odorless when exposed to fire. The production materials are natural mineral powder and plant fiber, and the production process is naturally maintained, with low energy consumption, no sewage discharge, energy saving and environmental protection. The board surface does not fall off during use, and its unique natural pore structure can adjust the indoor temperature, making the living room and office more comfortable.

[0032] Compared with other traditional glass magnesium boards, the fireproof composite board of the present invention has the best cost performance, light weight and high energy, moderate price, excellent processing and installation performance, can be pasted, cut, nailed, drilled, painted, planed, easy to carry, excellent toughness, not easy to break, and can be lightly installed using self-tapping nails, gun nails and straight nails, and can also be used for wet and dry hanging operations. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] A lightweight fireproof magnesium silicon fiberboard, comprising a magnesium gelling material layer, a reinforcing material layer and a filling layer;

[0036] Wherein, at least one reinforcing material layer is provided on both sides of the filling layer, and the outer surface of the reinforcing material layer is coated with a magnesium gelling material layer;

[0037] The thickness of the magnesium cementitious material layer, the reinforcing material layer and the filling layer are all 0.5 mm.

[0038] The magnesium gelling material layer is composed of the following raw materials by mass fraction: 50% magnesium oxide, 25% magnesium sulfate, 20% high performance modifier, and 5% water;

[0039] The reinforcement material layer is alkali-resistant glass fiber cloth.

[0040] In some embodiments, the filling layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of plant fiber and 10 parts of perlite.

[0041] In some embodiments, the lightweight fireproof magnesium silicon fiberboard has a thickness of 2-20 mm.

[0042] In some embodiments, the high performance modifier is a high molecular weight polymer;

[0043] The high molecular polymer is lithopone or nano silicon-based compound.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] A lightweight fireproof magnesium silicon fiberboard was prepared according to the scheme of Example 1 and its performance was tested, while different existing technologies were used for comparison.

[0046] 2.1 Fire performance

[0047] The L lightweight fireproof silicon magnesium fiberboard of Example 1 is an A1 grade non-combustible material with excellent fireproof performance, no carbonization at high temperature, high fire resistance limit, and no smoke, poison or taste.

[0048] Glass magnesium board: A1 grade non-combustible material, excellent fire resistance, no carbonization at high temperature, high fire resistance limit, and easy to break.

[0049] Calcium silicate board: It is also an A1 grade non-combustible material, but its high alkalinity may corrode the fibers and it is prone to cracking under long-term high temperatures, so its stability is slightly inferior.

[0050] Gypsum board: It only meets the Class B flame retardant standard. Gypsum is easily dehydrated and carbonized at 200°C and has poor fire resistance.

[0051] 2.2. Waterproof and moisture-proof

[0052] The L lightweight fireproof silicon magnesium fiberboard of Example 1 can be dried after being soaked for 100 days, with little change in physical properties, and is suitable for high humidity environments.

[0053] Glass magnesium board: can be dried after soaking for 100 days, with little change in physical properties, suitable for high humidity environment.

[0054] Calcium silicate board: After soaking for 30 days, the performance is stable and the waterproofness is good, but the high density leads to slightly lower water absorption rate.

[0055] Gypsum board: It is easy to decompose when exposed to water, its strength is greatly reduced, it is not waterproof and the facing paper is easily damaged by moisture.

[0056] 2.3 Physical Strength

[0057] Example 1 L lightweight fireproof silicon magnesium fiberboard: impact strength ≥ 5KJ, glass magnesium board: impact strength ≥ 4KJ, calcium silicate board: impact strength ≥ 3.5KJ, gypsum board ≤ 1KJ

[0058] In actual use, it is found that glass magnesium board / calcium silicate board / gypsum board will break when touched, while L lightweight fireproof silicon magnesium fiber board is not easily damaged.

[0059] 2.4 Flexural strength

[0060] The L lightweight fireproof silicon magnesium fiberboard of Example 1 is ≥22MPa, the glass magnesium board is ≥18MPa, the calcium silicate board is ≥14MPa, and the gypsum board is ≤9MPa.

[0061] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight fireproof magnesium fiberboard, characterized in that: It includes a magnesium cementitious material layer, a reinforcing material layer and a filling layer; Wherein, at least one reinforcing material layer is provided on both sides of the filling layer, and the outer surface of the reinforcing material layer is coated with a magnesium gelling material layer; The magnesium gelling material layer is composed of the following raw materials by mass fraction: 50% magnesium oxide, 25% magnesium sulfate, 20% high performance modifier, and 5% water; The reinforcement material layer is alkali-resistant glass fiber cloth.

2. A lightweight fireproof magnesium fiberboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 9 parts of plant fiber and 10 parts of perlite.

3. A lightweight fireproof magnesium fiberboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the lightweight fireproof magnesium silicon fiberboard is 2-20 mm.

4. A lightweight fireproof magnesium fiberboard according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high performance modifier is a high molecular polymer; The high molecular polymer is lithopone or nano silicon-based compound.