Fireproof and flame-retardant technology for new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fire prevention and flame retardance of new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles. The technical problem to be solved is clearly reflected as follows: common vehicles do not have fireproof and flame-retardant functions, and when the vehicles spontaneously ignite or are ignited by other fire sources, the situations that the vehicles are destroyed and people die are many, and the problem is not solved for many years all the time. The key points of the technical scheme for solving the problem are as follows: the vehicle is produced by assembling fireproof and flame-retardant parts, parts of the parts are mainly protected, fireproof and flame-retardant thermal insulation materials are added between an engine compartment and a cockpit and between a power battery pack and the cockpit and the cockpit, the vehicle is sprayed with fireproof paint, and the bottom of the vehicle is coated with the fireproof paint. A fireproof wire is used for supplying power to electric appliances of a vehicle, a fireproof sleeve is used for isolating each wire of the vehicle, and a standby storage battery automatically supplies power to vehicle door and window systems when the vehicle is powered off. The device is used for preventing spontaneous combustion of the vehicle and combustion caused by other fire sources, and reducing property loss and casualties caused by fire of the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The field of fire prevention and flame retardant technology for new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles. Technical Background

[0002] The world's automobile industry has a history of more than 100 years. Its development direction has always been to improve the durability, speed, safety, comfort and other aspects of automobiles, and to continuously innovate and develop in these aspects. With the continuous increase in the number of cars, by the end of 2024, the total number of cars in the world will reach 1.3 billion, and there will be more than 300 million in my country. With the increase in the number of cars, while bringing convenience to people's travel, various new problems have also been constantly highlighted, such as the problem of spontaneous combustion of vehicles, and the related casualties of drivers and passengers caused by vehicle combustion.

[0003] According to existing data online, within 90 days in the first quarter of 2023, a total of 19,000 vehicles caught fire nationwide, including 18,360 fuel vehicles and 640 new energy vehicles. An average of 211 vehicles caught fire every day, including 204 fuel vehicles and 7 new energy vehicles. The numbers are shocking and the problem needs to be solved urgently.

[0004] In recent years, car fires, especially those involving new energy vehicles, have attracted widespread public attention. The increasing number of casualties caused by vehicle fires has caused deep concern among drivers and passengers, but so far this problem has not been effectively resolved.

[0005] In response to the above problems, our company has creatively invented a series of effective solutions. Regardless of whether it is a new energy vehicle or a fuel vehicle, as long as the vehicle is produced and protected in accordance with this technical solution, it can minimize the probability of vehicle spontaneous combustion, reduce the degree of fire when the vehicle burns, prevent external fire sources from igniting the vehicle, and prevent spontaneous combustion vehicles from igniting adjacent vehicles, so that drivers and passengers have more escape methods and more sufficient escape time, which is of great help in reducing casualties and reducing property losses. Summary of the invention

[0006] If the parts used to produce new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles are made of fire-retardant raw materials, these parts will definitely have a certain degree of fire-retardant effect. If these parts with a certain degree of fire-retardant effect are used to assemble and produce vehicles, these vehicles will definitely have fire-retardant functions. Guided by this idea, our company has combined and innovatively applied a variety of fireproof and flame-retardant materials in the field of industrial manufacturing of new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles, and invented fireproof and flame-retardant technologies for new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles. This technology is mainly divided into the following thirteen aspects: 1. Use fireproof and flame-retardant materials to replace non-fireproof and flame-retardant materials to manufacture various rubber parts, plastic parts, leather parts, fiber products and other parts required for vehicles; 2. Spray silicone high-temperature resistant paint on the inner and outer surfaces of the vehicle; 3. Use fireproof and flame-retardant wires, and put on fireproof and high-temperature protective sleeves with appropriate specifications according to the different specifications of wires in different parts of the vehicle; 4. Spray high-temperature resistant coatings on the surfaces of various rubber parts, plastic parts, and lines in the engine compartment, and then wrap fireproof and high-temperature resistant self-adhesive tapes on the outside of the coatings of liquid conveying pipes and wire bundles; 5. Add fireproof and high-temperature resistant insulation materials between the engine compartment and the cockpit; 6. Cover the power battery pack of new energy vehicles with fireproof, heat-insulating, and high-temperature resistant materials, and spray heat-extinguishing materials on the surface of fireproof and high-temperature resistant materials; 7. Add between the power battery pack and the fireproof and high-temperature resistant materials Add heat-conducting materials to discharge the heat generated by the power battery pack in the process of use in time and not affect the normal operation of the battery; 8. After the conventional reinforcement and protection is done on the bottom of the vehicle, spray fire-proof, heat-insulating and high-temperature resistant coatings with good adhesion on all exposed parts of the surface, and spray high-temperature fire-extinguishing coatings on the surface of fire-proof and high-temperature resistant coatings; 9. Use flame-retardant raw materials to manufacture flame-resistant fuel tanks, paste fire-proof and high-temperature resistant self-adhesive stickers on the outer surface of the fuel tank, and spray high-temperature fire-extinguishing coatings on the surface of the self-adhesive stickers; 10. The sponge products inside the vehicle are made of A1-grade flame-retardant sponges, and the surface of the flame-retardant sponge products is tightly wrapped with fire-proof cloth; 11. All decorative materials in the car are decorated with materials with fire-proof and flame-retardant effects, and a thin layer of fire-proof cloth is applied to the inner surface of the materials with flexible high-temperature resistant glue; 12. Fire-proof and high-temperature resistant glass is used for vehicle glass; 13. New energy vehicles are equipped with spare 24V batteries, and emergency backup circuits are designed and installed. The battery is usually charged with the power supply on the vehicle. When the vehicle loses power in an accident, the battery automatically powers the door unlocking system and the window glass lifting system.

[0007] 1. Use fire-retardant materials to replace non-fire-retardant materials to manufacture the various rubber parts, plastic parts, leather parts, fiber products, vehicle wires and other parts required for the vehicle. The purpose is to turn the original combustible parts on the vehicle into flame-retardant or non-combustible parts to avoid combustion in the event of fire.

[0008] In automobile manufacturing, a large amount of rubber, plastic, artificial leather, fiber materials and wires of various specifications are used to make various parts required for vehicles. The application of these materials makes the vehicles excellent in practicality, aesthetics, comfort, safety and lightweight, but there are also certain hidden dangers, such as car fires. These materials are generally combustible materials, or even flammable materials. Once a vehicle catches fire, these materials will fuel the fire, causing the fire to grow larger or even out of control in a short period of time, causing damage to property and personnel. If fire-retardant materials are used to manufacture the parts required for vehicles, because fire-retardant materials have the characteristics of not burning or extremely difficult to burn and extinguishing immediately when away from the fire, in many cases, vehicle fires can be avoided.

[0009] Before making the parts needed for the vehicle, adding corresponding flame retardants and other related additives to different common raw materials can obtain flame retardant materials. Using these flame retardant materials to make the various parts needed for the vehicle can obtain vehicle parts with fire retardant functions. When assembling vehicles with these vehicle parts with fire retardant functions, the vehicles will have certain fire retardant functions. For example, decabromodiphenylethane flame retardant, antimony trioxide flame retardant, and SF-400 carbon forming agent produced by a company and other flame retardants, especially decabromodiphenylethane and antimony trioxide, have good synergistic effects when added at the same time. After being properly added to the raw materials, the finished products have good flame retardant and fireproof effects, and absorb a lot of heat during the flame retardant process, which has a flame extinguishing effect. It is mainly used in modified plastics such as PA, PBT, ABS, PP and many other materials, as well as wires and cables, rubber, coatings and other fields, and has stable performance, strong versatility, environmental protection, non-toxicity, and harmless to the human body.

[0010] 2. Spray silicone high temperature resistant paint on the interior and exterior surfaces of the vehicle.

[0011] Because ordinary paint is flammable and high-temperature resistant paint will not burn, high-temperature resistant paint is used on cars instead of ordinary paint. The role of spraying fire-proof and high-temperature resistant paint is not only aesthetic, anti-corrosion and anti-rust, but more importantly, it can prevent local fires in the vehicle or fire sources outside the vehicle from igniting other parts of the vehicle due to the burning of the paint surface, and the burning of the paint surface will not contribute to the spread of fire.

[0012] In vehicle production, a large number of paints with various functions and colors are used. Some of them play a beautifying role, and some play an anti-corrosion and anti-rust role. However, the paints currently used in automobile manufacturing generally do not have fire retardant effects. When the fire is large, the paint can also burn, which helps the fire spread.

[0013] Different types of organic silicon high temperature resistant paints are sprayed on the inside and outside surfaces of the entire vehicle body, the entire surface of the frame, the bottom surface of the vehicle, the inside and outside surfaces of the engine compartment, the inside and outside surfaces of the door metal frame, the cockpit, the metal frame surface of the cockpit, the metal frame surface of the trunk, the inner surface of the decorative parts, the outer surface of various plastic parts and rubber parts that do not have a decorative function, and many places that are not directly seen. They have a good inhibitory effect on preventing the spontaneous combustion of the vehicle and the ignition of the external fire source of the vehicle. For example, a kind of Hanroson organic silicon high temperature resistant paint can withstand 1200℃ without burning, cracking, and paint falling, and has anti-corrosion and anti-rust effects. The ZS-1 paint produced by Zhisheng Paint Company is resistant to 1000℃ without burning, has a thermal conductivity of ≤0.033, has good adhesion, and the coating does not crack or fall off at high temperatures. Many types of high temperature resistant paints have excellent performance, and spraying these high temperature resistant paints can solve this problem.

[0014] 3. Use fire-retardant wires, and cover the wires of different specifications in different parts of the vehicle with fire-proof and high-temperature resistant protective sleeves of appropriate specifications.

[0015] The main purpose of using fire-retardant wires and putting protective sleeves on the car lines is to prevent vehicle fires caused by short circuits in vehicle wires. There are many situations that cause fires caused by short circuits in vehicle wires, mainly the following three situations: 1. The vehicle lines are aging, and the outer rubber insulation layer of the lines is broken or detached, which will cause short circuits and fires; 2. Some accidents such as collisions and rollovers will cause excessive squeezing of vehicle lines, causing the insulation layer to be damaged and causing short circuits and fires; 3. Some wire harnesses are separated from their original fixed positions and contact the high temperature area of ​​the vehicle, causing the insulation layer of the lines to melt, causing short circuits and fires, etc.

[0016] In order to avoid the occurrence of vehicle fires caused by short circuits in wires, mica high temperature flame retardant pure nickel wires with fire retardant and high temperature resistant functions are used in automobile production, and each wire is individually covered with a high silica cloth fireproof casing of the same length and thickness to isolate the line. After each independent wire is covered with a casing, the surface of the wiring harness is wrapped with fireproof, flame retardant, and high temperature resistant high silica fireproof cloth for protection. Mica high temperature flame retardant pure nickel wire is environmentally friendly and non-toxic, fire retardant, high temperature resistant, and aging resistant. It can work stably for a long time in an environment of 800℃, and can withstand a high temperature of up to 1000℃ without breaking or short circuiting. High silica cloth casing has the advantages of high and low temperature resistance, good thermal insulation effect, good toughness, high tensile strength, good ductility, high durability, good chemical stability, safety and environmental protection, and harmlessness to the human body. It can be used for a long time in a high temperature environment of 900℃, and can withstand a high temperature of 1400℃ for a short time. When a car burns, the temperature at the center of the flame is generally around 800°C, and the temperature near the flame is below 700°C. Therefore, mica high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant pure nickel wires are used, and each wire of the vehicle is covered with a layer of high-silica cloth fireproof casing. This can protect the vehicle lines very well when the vehicle catches fire, and the vehicle wires will not be short-circuited under any circumstances. In the event of a vehicle collision and squeezing the wires, even if the wires are broken, they will not be short-circuited under the protection of the casing, thus avoiding the occurrence of vehicle fires caused by short-circuit of vehicle wires to a large extent.

[0017] 4. All rubber parts, plastic parts and circuit surfaces in the engine compartment are sprayed with fire-proof and high-temperature resistant coatings, and then fire-proof and high-temperature resistant self-adhesive tapes are wrapped around the outside of the coatings on liquid delivery pipes and wire harnesses.

[0018] The surfaces of various rubber parts, plastic parts and circuits in the engine compartment are sprayed with fire-proof and high-temperature resistant silicone coatings, and fire-proof and high-temperature resistant self-adhesive tapes are wrapped around the outside of the coatings of liquid delivery pipes and wire harnesses. The main function is to prevent these rubber parts, plastic parts, circuits, etc. from aging prematurely due to long-term high temperatures and losing their original functions, and to prevent these parts from burning in fire and causing vehicle combustion.

[0019] Because the temperature in the engine compartment is high when the engine is working, the rubber parts, plastic parts, circuits, etc. in the engine compartment are prone to aging and becoming brittle, losing their original performance, and combustibles in a high-temperature dry environment are more easily ignited by tiny fire sources. Spraying fire-resistant and high-temperature resistant silicone coating on the surface of these parts, and wrapping the fire-resistant and high-temperature resistant high-silicone cloth self-adhesive tape on the outer surface of the high-temperature resistant silicone coating can effectively block the high heat radiation generated during the daily operation of the engine, the adverse effects on these parts, and minimize the occurrence of any fire source causing these parts to burn.

[0020] The advantages of silicone high temperature resistant coatings are strong high temperature resistance, good adhesion, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, rust resistance, simple construction, etc. It can withstand high temperatures of up to 1200°C without cracking or falling off. High-silica self-adhesive tape has the advantages of fire resistance, flame retardancy, high bottom temperature resistance, tear resistance, high strength, high viscosity, good ductility, good toughness, acid and alkali resistance, ablation resistance, sealing, insulation, etc., and can play a long-term and stable role in harsh high temperature environments above 1000°C. Under the dual protection of silicone high temperature resistant coatings and high-silica self-adhesive tapes, it is completely possible to prevent rubber parts, plastic parts, lines, etc. on vehicles from being ignited by fire sources and causing fires, and it can also extend the service life of the protected parts.

[0021] 5. Add fire-proof and high-temperature resistant insulation materials between the engine compartment and the cockpit.

[0022] The purpose of adding fireproof and high-temperature resistant insulation materials between the engine compartment and the cockpit is to prevent the combustibles in the cockpit from igniting when a fire occurs in the engine compartment, and also to prevent the combustibles in the engine compartment from igniting when a fire occurs in the cockpit.

[0023] Generally, the partition between the engine compartment and the cockpit of a car is a special-shaped metal partition, which plays the role of isolating noise and heat from being transferred to the cockpit. It mainly plays a role in noise reduction. The function of preventing heat transfer can work under normal daily conditions, but in the case of a vehicle fire, this function is almost ineffective. If a layer of a mixture of high-temperature resistant silicone adhesive and aerogel with good adhesion of about 2mm is sprayed on both sides of this metal partition, and then a layer of high-silica fireproof cloth and aluminum silicate fiber blanket with a thickness of not less than 5cm is covered on the engine compartment side of this metal partition. It can completely prevent the fire in any space of the engine compartment and the cockpit from being transmitted to the other space.

[0024] Silicone high temperature resistant adhesive has the advantages of strong high temperature resistance, good adhesion, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, rust resistance, simple construction, and no cracking or falling off at 1200℃. Aerogel has the advantages of low thermal conductivity (0.018W / mk), hydrophobicity (hydrophobicity ≥ 94%), low density, strong adsorption, long-lasting heat resistance and heat insulation, environmental protection and non-toxicity, harmless to the human body, safe and reliable. The coating made by mixing the two in a certain proportion has excellent fire prevention, heat insulation, flame retardancy, high temperature resistance and high adhesion.

[0025] High silica fireproof cloth and aluminum silicate fiber blanket are widely used in the field of fireproof and heat insulation technology due to their excellent fireproof and heat insulation performance. High silica fireproof cloth has the advantages of good toughness, high tensile strength, good ductility, high temperature resistance, heat insulation, environmental protection and harmlessness. It will not burn when directly baked by 1000℃ high temperature flame. Aluminum silicate fiber blanket has the advantages of heat preservation and heat insulation, fire retardant, low thermal conductivity, durability, tear resistance, easy cutting, waterproof and moisture-proof, safe and environmentally friendly, harmless to the human body, and can maintain a stable state under high temperature of 1260℃.

[0026] On the engine compartment side of the metal partition between the engine compartment and the cockpit, a combination of high-silica fireproof cloth and aluminum silicate fiber blanket with a thickness of no less than 5 cm is used for isolation. The composite fireproof and heat-insulating material with an inner and outer layer of high-silica fireproof cloth wrapped in the middle layer of aluminum silicate fiber blanket is used to block the heat transfer between the engine compartment and the cockpit. Various parts and wiring harnesses that need to pass through can pass through the metal partition and composite fireproof and heat-insulating materials, and flames and heat cannot pass through, and there is also a better noise reduction effect. Most vehicles spontaneously combust first from the engine compartment, which causes the entire vehicle to burn. When the engine compartment catches fire, relying on the protection of these composite fireproof, flame-retardant, and heat-insulating materials, high-temperature flames and high-temperature air are prevented from invading the cockpit. The cockpit temperature does not exceed 20°C within 60 minutes, giving the occupants sufficient time to escape and effectively protecting their lives. If the cockpit catches fire first, it can also prevent the flame from spreading from the cockpit to the engine compartment, reducing the degree of property loss.

[0027] 6. Cover the power battery packs of new energy vehicles with fireproof, heat-insulating and high-temperature resistant materials, and spray heat-extinguishing materials on the surface of the fireproof and high-temperature resistant materials.

[0028] The function of covering the power battery pack of new energy vehicles with fire-proof, heat-insulating and high-temperature resistant materials is to prevent high-temperature flames and high-heat energy from penetrating the partition between the power battery pack and the cockpit, igniting combustible materials in the cockpit and causing harm to people in the vehicle when the power battery pack catches fire.

[0029] New energy vehicles have been recognized by many consumers for their good economical use, fast acceleration, low noise and other advantages. In recent years, they have emerged as a new force. my country will sell more than 12 million vehicles in 2024. While new energy vehicles bring convenience to people's travel, there are also certain hidden dangers, such as the problem of power battery pack fire. The main power source of new energy vehicles is the power battery pack. Power batteries are widely used in new energy vehicles. Once the power battery pack is short-circuited, it will catch fire or explode. The fire will develop rapidly within one or two minutes, and the flame will rush several meters away. It is not easy to extinguish the flame, which is very dangerous. The combustion of the power battery pack will inevitably cause the whole vehicle to burn. The combustion of the power battery pack will generally cause the whole vehicle to lose power. New energy vehicles generally have electric doors and electric windows. The loss of power in the whole vehicle will cause the doors and windows to be unable to open smoothly. At this time, if there are people in the car, it will cause serious consequences. If the power battery pack is covered with a 2cm thick layer of fireproof, heat-insulating and high-temperature resistant material - a composite material of high-silica fireproof cloth and aluminum silicate fiber blanket, the flame and heat generated by the battery pack combustion can be blocked from spreading to the cockpit, engine compartment and trunk within 35 minutes. The cockpit temperature will rise by a maximum of 12°C, giving the occupants enough time to escape.

[0030] The fireproof, heat-insulating, and high-temperature-resistant materials covering the power battery pack are the same as those between the engine compartment and the cockpit, both of which are made of a composite material of high-silica fireproof cloth and aluminum silicate fiber blanket. The same materials and performance can withstand high-temperature flames of 1000℃-1200℃ for a long time, protecting the lives of drivers and passengers in the car.

[0031] The surface of the fire-proof and high-temperature resistant material covering the power battery pack is sprayed with heat-extinguishing material. When the power battery pack catches fire, it can play a certain fire-extinguishing role and prevent the flame and high-temperature heat from being quickly transmitted to the cockpit, cabin and engine compartment.

[0032] A 2mm thick layer of high-temperature resistant silicone resin adhesive and aerogel mixture coating is applied on both the upper and lower surfaces of the metal isolation plate between the power battery pack and the cockpit. When the power battery pack burns, it helps prevent flames and heat from being transferred to the cockpit.

[0033] 7. Add thermal conductive materials between the power battery pack and the fireproof and high temperature resistant materials.

[0034] The purpose of adding thermal conductive material between the power battery pack and the fireproof and high temperature resistant material is to help dissipate heat outside the battery pack and help cool the battery pack.

[0035] The power battery pack of new energy vehicles has an internal circulating cooling system to ensure that the battery pack temperature is stable within the normal operating temperature range of 0-40℃. However, after the power battery pack is covered with fireproof and high-temperature resistant materials, the external heat dissipation capacity will be reduced to a certain extent. Between the power battery pack and the fireproof and high-temperature resistant materials, a layer of ultra-high thermal conductivity graphene thermal conductive material with an area equivalent to the area of ​​the power battery pack is added, or thermal conductive materials such as heat spreaders are added to dissipate the heat that is not easily dissipated by the power battery pack after being covered with fireproof and high-temperature resistant materials.

[0036] The thermal conductivity of graphene thermal conductive material is between 2000-5200W / mK, and the thermal conductivity of heat spreader is between 2000-5000W / mK. Compared with the thermal conductivity of copper of 398W / mK and the thermal conductivity of aluminum of 273W / mK, the thermal conductivity of these two materials is far superior to that of other traditional metal thermal conductive materials such as copper and aluminum. They are fully capable of dissipating the heat energy that cannot be dissipated due to the battery pack being covered with fire-proof and high-temperature resistant materials, and will not affect the stable operation of the battery pack.

[0037] 8. After routine reinforcement and protection on the bottom of the vehicle, spray fire-proof, heat-insulating and high-temperature resistant coatings with good adhesion on all exposed parts of the surface, and spray high-temperature fire-extinguishing coatings on the surface of the fire-proof and high-temperature resistant coatings.

[0038] The bottom of the vehicle is completely coated with a fireproof and heat-insulating coating made of a mixture of a high-temperature resistant silicone resin binder with good adhesion and aerogel. The main functions are fire prevention, heat insulation, and high temperature resistance, preventing the fire source outside the vehicle from igniting the vehicle from the bottom of the vehicle. The silicone resin high-temperature resistant binder plays an important role in fire prevention at the bottom of the vehicle with its advantages of strong high-temperature resistance, good adhesion, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, rust prevention, safety and environmental protection, simple construction, and no cracking or falling off at 1200℃. Aerogel has the advantages of low thermal conductivity (0.018W / mk), hydrophobicity (hydrophobicity ≥94%), low density, strong adsorption, long-lasting heat resistance and heat insulation, environmental protection and non-toxicity, harmless to the human body, safe and reliable. In order to make the bottom of the vehicle have good fire prevention, heat insulation and high-temperature resistance, the coating thickness must not be less than 2mm. Then, a coating with fire extinguishing effect when exposed to high temperature is sprayed on the surface of the high temperature resistant coating mixed with silicone resin and aerogel. The coating is a mixture of chemical materials that release carbon dioxide when exposed to heat, and also has the effect of absorbing heat and cooling. The thickness of the high temperature fire extinguishing coating is not less than 1mm. The protection of the above two materials can effectively prevent the fire source outside the vehicle from igniting the vehicle from the bottom of the vehicle.

[0039] 9. Use flame-retardant materials to manufacture flame-retardant oil tanks, paste fire-proof and high-temperature resistant self-adhesive stickers on the outer surface of the oil tanks, and spray high-temperature fire-extinguishing coatings on the surface of the self-adhesive stickers.

[0040] Flame-retardant fuel tanks are made of flame-retardant raw materials, fire-resistant and high-temperature resistant self-adhesive stickers are pasted on the outer surface of the automobile fuel tank, and high-temperature fire extinguishing coatings are sprayed on the surface of the self-adhesive stickers. The purpose is to prevent external fire sources from the vehicle from igniting the fuel tank, and to prevent the fuel tank from being quickly ignited after the vehicle spontaneously ignites.

[0041] In addition to pure electric vehicles, traditional fuel vehicles and new energy hybrid models all have fuel tanks of considerable capacity. Generally, the fuel tank capacity of a small car is more than 35 liters, and some large SUV models have fuel tanks of around 70 liters. The fuel tanks of general transport vehicles are between 80 liters and 140 liters. In addition, models with fuel tanks account for a large proportion of all cars and the number is huge. Protecting the car's fuel tank from being burned through and leaking oil in the event of a fire in the vehicle and preventing the fire from spreading is of great help in car fire rescue.

[0042] Transport vehicles generally use metal fuel tanks, but ordinary cars generally use plastic resin fuel tanks. Resin fuel tanks have many advantages over metal fuel tanks, such as light weight, easy shaping, and no sparks due to collision and friction. However, they also have disadvantages such as slightly lower strength and easy to be burned through by high-temperature flames, causing fuel leakage and contributing to the increase of fire.

[0043] In the fireproof and flame-retardant technology for automobiles invented by our company, special attention is paid to improving the flame-retardant properties of resin and plastic parts. First, appropriate amounts of decabromodiphenylethane and antimony trioxide flame retardants and other related plastic reinforcing and toughening additives are added in proportion to the raw materials for manufacturing fuel tanks to manufacture fuel tanks with flame-retardant functions for automobiles. A safety pressure relief valve is installed above the flame-retardant fuel tank to prevent the internal pressure of the fuel tank from increasing after heating, which may cause an explosion when the pressure exceeds the pressure range of the fuel tank itself.

[0044] Flame-retardant oil tanks can overcome the defects of ordinary resin oil tanks that are easily burned through by high-temperature flames, causing oil tank leakage and easily contributing to the expansion of fire. Then use high-silicon fireproof cloth self-adhesive tape to evenly stick the outer surface of the flame-retardant oil tank for protection. High-silicon fireproof cloth self-adhesive tape has many outstanding advantages such as strong adhesion, high temperature resistance, flame retardancy, heat insulation, burning resistance, good sealing, good insulation, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, vibration resistance, tear resistance, high flexibility, and can play a long-term and stable role in harsh high-temperature environments above 1000°C. It adds another layer of high-temperature resistant protective layer to the flame-retardant resin oil tank and increases the strength of the flame-retardant oil tank. In order to better prevent the fire source from transferring heat to the oil tank, a layer of high-temperature fire extinguishing coating with strong adhesion is sprayed on the surface of the high-silicon self-adhesive tape. This fire extinguishing coating has the function of chemical reaction inside the high-temperature flame and releasing high-concentration carbon dioxide. In addition to having certain fire prevention and fire extinguishing functions, it also has the characteristics of being able to take away the heat from the surface of the attached object. The vehicle's fuel tank has multiple protections and fireproof functions, which can ensure that there will be no fuel leakage in the early stage of a fire, providing more precious time for people in the car to escape, and also reducing the difficulty of rescue in the event of a vehicle fire.

[0045] 10. The sponge products inside the vehicle are made of A1 grade flame retardant sponge, and the surface of the flame retardant sponge products is tightly wrapped with fireproof cloth.

[0046] The use of A1 flame retardant sponge instead of ordinary sponge in the interior of the vehicle and the tight wrapping of the flame retardant sponge product surface with fireproof cloth are both to prevent the high temperature flame from igniting the sponge product in the vehicle when the vehicle catches fire.

[0047] Ordinary sponges will produce a large amount of toxic smoke when ignited, but A1-grade flame-retardant sponges will not burn and will not produce smoke and gases harmful to the human body in a high-temperature environment. The outer surface of A1-grade flame-retardant sponge products is wrapped with high-silica fireproof cloth to further ensure that the sponge products in the car will not be ignited when the vehicle burns.

[0048] 11. All decorative materials inside the vehicle are decorated with fire-proof and flame-retardant materials, and a layer of fire-proof cloth is applied on the inner surface of the decorative materials with flexible high-temperature resistant glue.

[0049] The main purpose of decorating the interior of a vehicle with fireproof and flame-retardant decorative materials and sticking a layer of fireproof cloth on the inner surface of the material with high-temperature resistant glue is to prevent these materials from igniting when the vehicle burns. The purpose of sticking fireproof cloth on the inner surface of the decorative material is to prevent the combustion of flammable vehicle parts inside the material when the decorative materials inside the vehicle burn.

[0050] The decorative materials in the car generally include: the center console material, the materials inside the doors, the pillars and roof materials, the seat surface, the floor carpet, the trunk interior carpet, etc., as well as other places that cover and beautify the materials. These are generally flammable materials, which can easily be ignited when the vehicle catches fire, and then play a role in promoting the fire to grow, and will also be accompanied by a lot of thick smoke and toxic gases. If someone in the car does not escape in time, it will cause fatal harm.

[0051] If these parts are made of fire-retardant materials, they will not be easily ignited and the situation will be greatly improved. If a layer of fireproof cloth is affixed to the inner surface of these decorative materials, it will prevent the fire in the car cabin from spreading downwards, and it will also prevent the fire outside the car from spreading into the car.

[0052] 12. Fireproof and high temperature resistant glass for automotive glass.

[0053] The front and rear windshields and windows of the car use fireproof and high-temperature resistant glass, which can block the heat radiation of the fire source outside the vehicle to the vehicle and protect the people and property in the cabin from harm. Ordinary glass is easy to burst and shatter under high-temperature heat radiation. Fireproof and high-temperature resistant glass has the characteristics of wind and rain protection, fire prevention, heat insulation, smoke isolation, high temperature resistance, and light transmission. It can effectively prevent the fire source outside the car from igniting the items in the car through the window and protect the safety of the people in the car. At the same time, in the event of a fire in the vehicle cabin, the fireproof and high-temperature resistant glass can block it. For a long time, the burning range will be fixed in the cabin of the burning vehicle, and the fire will not quickly spread to other surrounding vehicles and combustible items, reducing the scope of the fire accident.

[0054] 13. New energy vehicle models are equipped with a spare 24V battery and are designed and installed with an emergency backup circuit. The battery is usually charged with the power supply on the vehicle. When an accident occurs and the vehicle loses power, the battery automatically supplies power to the door unlocking system and the window glass lifting system.

[0055] The purpose of having a 24V battery as a backup power source is to automatically power the vehicle's door unlocking system and window glass lifting system when the vehicle loses power. Because new energy vehicles generally use hidden door handles, pressing the unlock button inside the car to unlock the door, when the vehicle loses power, the door cannot be opened smoothly, and the window cannot be opened. The door unlocking and window lifting of new energy vehicles generally use a 24V electrical system. Once a new energy vehicle has an accident, the entire vehicle is likely to lose power. After the power fails, the door unlocking system and window glass lifting system of the new energy vehicle will not work, and the doors and windows cannot be opened smoothly, which increases the difficulty for the occupants to escape by themselves and for external rescue. In the trunk of the vehicle or other safe location (a location that is not easily touched when the vehicle collides or rolls over), store a type A 24V20AH battery is used as a backup power source, and mica high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant pure nickel wire is used as the power conductor between the battery and the doors. The conductor paths between the battery and the doors are designed and installed, as well as the charging device and charging line for this backup power source. When the entire vehicle loses power, the backup power source immediately and automatically connects to the door unlocking system and the window glass lifting system, and does not supply power to other systems. Through the pre-designed and installed emergency backup circuit, it is used for the door unlocking system and the window glass lifting system, so that trapped people can smoothly open the doors and windows to escape when the vehicle loses power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 This is a horizontal section of the key fire protection range of the new energy vehicle chassis. Figure 2 Scope diagram for spraying fire-retardant and high-temperature resistant paint on the vehicle steel frame. Figure 3 This is a longitudinal section of a fuel vehicle with fire protection and main materials diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The specific implementation method is divided into the following steps:

[0058] The first step is to manufacture fire-retardant vehicle parts. Select high-quality fire retardants and other related reinforcement and toughening additives and raw materials to manufacture various related rubber and plastic parts used in vehicles, so that these rubber and plastic parts have excellent fire-retardant and flame-retardant functions. Rubber parts and plastic parts used in general vehicles have no flame-retardant effect when the vehicle catches fire. Use rubber and plastic raw materials with higher flame-retardant grades to manufacture related automotive flame-retardant parts used in automobiles, so that the non-flame-retardant rubber parts and plastic parts originally installed on the vehicle have flame-retardant functions. When the vehicle catches fire, the burning of these parts will not contribute to the spread of the fire. These parts include: the vehicle's plastic resin fuel tank, rubber tires, plastic supports for the center console, decorative plastic parts in the car, sponge products in the car, artificial leather on seats and center consoles, door interior plastic supports, some plastic supports for seats, rubber sealing strips, front and rear bumpers of the vehicle, engine guard in the engine compartment, windshield washer fluid storage box, engine coolant storage box, related plastic accessories for the air filter passage, some electrical connectors, electrical casings and electrical component boxes, some plastic pipes and rubber pipes for conveying liquids, rubber sheaths for various functional wires, etc. When all rubber and plastic parts involved in the vehicle have fireproof and flame retardant functions, the entire vehicle will have certain fireproof and flame retardant functions.

[0059] The second step is to focus on protecting some parts. The plastic and rubber parts in the engine compartment, such as the engine guard, windshield washer fluid storage box, engine coolant storage box, related plastic parts of the air filter, some wires, electrical connectors, electrical housings and electrical component boxes, some plastic and rubber tubes for conveying liquids, and the plastic fuel tank at the bottom of the vehicle should all be protected.

[0060] In the fire retardant technology for new energy vehicles and fuel vehicles invented by our company, although these parts are required to be made of fire retardant materials and have fire retardant functions, each part is limited by the performance of the raw materials used to make them and the influence of the high temperature environment, which makes the fire retardant ability and functional durability of the accessories have certain limitations. Before the vehicle is assembled, different methods of key protection are used for these plastic and rubber parts and fuel tanks that are often in high temperature areas, which greatly assists in improving the overall fire retardant ability of the vehicle.

[0061] A high-temperature resistant resin coating with good adhesion is sprayed on the surface of these parts, and then a high-silica fireproof cloth is pasted on the surface of the coating. This provides two layers of protection on the surface of these parts, which already have fireproof and flame-retardant functions, to further enhance the fireproof, flame-retardant and heat-insulating capabilities of these parts.

[0062] Because the engine is running at a high temperature, the rubber parts, plastic parts, circuits, etc. in the engine compartment are in a high temperature environment for a long time, which is easy to age and shorten the service life. Applying the above protection on the surface of these parts can not only make these rubber parts, plastic parts, circuits and other parts have a higher level of fireproof and flame retardant ability, but also delay the aging speed of these parts, which is also helpful to improve the service life and working stability of these parts.

[0063] Mica high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant pure nickel wires are used in high-temperature areas of the vehicle. Then, according to the different parts and specifications of each wire in the vehicle, high-silica fireproof cloth fireproof and high-temperature resistant protective sleeves of appropriate length, thickness and specifications are put on to separate, isolate and protect each wire. This makes the vehicle wires have excellent fire-proof, flame-retardant and high-temperature resistant properties, and can prevent short-circuit fires caused by the vehicle under any circumstances, greatly reducing the probability of vehicle fires caused by short-circuit fires in automotive wires.

[0064] A high-silica fireproof cloth self-adhesive sticker is pasted on the surface of the vehicle's plastic fuel tank, and a 1mm thick fire-proof, heat-insulating, high-temperature resistant silicone fireproof coating is sprayed on the outer surface of the fireproof cloth. The double-protected fuel tank has a good preventive effect on larger fires caused by the rapid heating and pressure increase of the fuel in the tank caused by the fire source and the fire source burning through the tank.

[0065] The third step is to spray silicone high-temperature resistant paint on the surface of all metal parts of the vehicle. Spray silicone high-temperature resistant paint on the inner and outer surfaces of the frame, door metal frame, engine compartment, cockpit, trunk and other metal parts for protection. Although the metal parts of the vehicle will not burn, the paint sprayed on the surface will burn under high temperature conditions, which will play a role in spreading the fire. According to the fireproof and flame-retardant technical requirements of automobiles invented by our company, silicone high-temperature resistant paints with different functions and colors are sprayed on the inner and outer surfaces of these metal parts. This kind of high-temperature resistant paint can withstand 1200℃ high-temperature fire without burning or falling off. While playing a flame-retardant role, it will not cause the flame of the burning vehicle to spread due to the burning of the paint and ignite other flammable parts. The silicone high-temperature resistant paint also has good anti-corrosion and anti-rust effects.

[0066] The fourth step is the protection of decorative parts. Our company has invented the fireproof and flame-retardant technical requirements for automobiles. All decorative materials in the car must have fireproof and flame-retardant effects. In addition, a thin layer of high-silica fireproof cloth is applied with flexible high-temperature resistant glue on the inner surface of these decorative parts. The sponge products inside the vehicle are made of A1-grade flame-retardant sponge. The surface of the flame-retardant sponge products is tightly wrapped with high-silica fireproof cloth, and the outer layer of the fireproof cloth is covered with decorative materials.

[0067] The fifth step is vehicle assembly and production. The above-mentioned fireproof and flame-retardant parts are used to assemble the vehicle, and fireproof and high-temperature resistant wires are used to connect the different functional electrical appliances of the vehicle. The automobile glass is also made of fireproof and high-temperature resistant glass, and the automobile tires are also made of flame-retardant tires. The assembly process is produced according to the conventional vehicle assembly process, and the protection quality of each part is checked, and the fireproof and flame-retardant ability of the parts is randomly checked.

[0068] Before assembly, make sure to isolate and protect the engine compartment from the cockpit, the power battery pack from the new energy vehicle from the cockpit, and add thermal conductive materials between the power battery pack from the new energy vehicle and the fireproof and heat-insulating layer. Add a fireproof and heat-insulating layer between the engine compartment and the cockpit, and between the power battery pack from the new energy vehicle and the cockpit and cockpit. Use a combination of fireproof, heat-insulating, and high-temperature resistant high-silica fireproof cloth and aluminum silicate fiber blanket for isolation. Use a composite fireproof and heat-insulating layer with a layer of aluminum silicate fiber blanket sandwiched between two layers of high-silica fireproof cloth. Add a composite isolation layer between the engine compartment and the cockpit, and between the power battery pack from the new energy vehicle and the cockpit and cockpit. When a fire occurs in the engine compartment or the power battery pack, it can prevent the flame and heat from spreading to the cockpit, protect the safety of the occupants, and give them enough time to escape.

[0069] Step 6: Underbody protection. After assembly, all exposed parts of the bottom surface of the vehicle are coated with a mixture of high-temperature resistant silicone resin binder and aerogel with good adhesion, with a thickness of not less than 2mm, to prevent fire and heat. A 1mm thick high-temperature fire extinguishing coating is sprayed on the surface of the fireproof and heat-insulating coating to effectively prevent the vehicle from burning due to external fire sources igniting the bottom parts of the vehicle.

[0070] The seventh step is to add a backup power supply to new energy vehicles. Because new energy vehicles generally use hidden door handles, the occupants use the unlock button inside the vehicle to unlock the door. When the vehicle loses power, the door and window cannot be opened smoothly. A 24V20AH battery is installed in the trunk of the vehicle or other safe locations. The emergency backup circuit is designed and installed when the vehicle is assembled. The emergency circuit is installed when the vehicle is assembled. The backup battery is charged with the power supply on the vehicle at ordinary times. When the vehicle loses power in an accident, the backup battery power is used to unlock the door and lift the window glass.

Claims

1. Vehicle rubber parts are made of flame retardant materials.

2. Vehicle plastic parts are made of flame retardant materials.

3. The leather parts inside the vehicle are made of flame retardant materials.

4. The fiber parts inside the vehicle are made of flame retardant materials.

5. The sponge parts inside the vehicle are made of flame-retardant sponge.

6. The surface of the sponge parts inside the vehicle is wrapped with fireproof materials.

7. The vehicle fuel tank is made of flame retardant materials.

8. A safety pressure reducing valve is installed above the fuel tank.

9. Flame retardant material is pasted on the outer surface of the vehicle's fuel tank.

10. The surface of the vehicle's fuel tank is covered with fire-proof material.

11. The surface of the vehicle's fuel tank is covered with insulation material.

12. Apply thermal insulation material to the surface of vehicle bottom parts.

13. Apply high-temperature fire-extinguishing material to the bottom surface of the vehicle.

14. Use high temperature resistant wires to power the vehicle's electrical components.

15. Fireproof and high temperature resistant casing is used on the surface of vehicle electrical wires.

16. Equip vehicles with flame-retardant tires.

17. The engine compartment is coated with fire-proof and high-temperature resistant coating.

18. The engine compartment is coated with high temperature fire extinguishing coating.

19. The interior and exterior surfaces of the vehicle are covered with high temperature resistant paint.

20. The surface of rubber and plastic parts in the engine compartment is covered with fire-retardant coating.

21. Fireproof cloth is wrapped or pasted on the surface of rubber and plastic parts in the engine compartment.

22. Use fireproof and heat-insulating materials to isolate the engine compartment and the cockpit.

23. Apply fireproof and heat-insulating materials on the partition between the engine compartment and the cockpit.

24. Apply fire retardant coating on the vehicle’s cockpit and cabin decoration.

25. The interior of the car is decorated with fire-proof materials.

26. Fireproof materials are pasted on the inner surface of vehicle decorative materials.

27. Vehicle decorative materials and fireproof materials are bonded with high temperature resistant glue.

28. The vehicle's power battery pack is covered with fire-proof and high-temperature resistant materials.

29. The vehicle's power battery pack is covered with insulation material.

30. Spray heat-resistant fire-extinguishing materials on the surface of the vehicle's power battery pack cover.

31. The surface of the partition between the vehicle cockpit, cabin and power battery pack is coated with a fire-proof and heat-insulating coating.

32. Heat-conductive material is arranged between the vehicle's power battery pack and the fireproof and high-temperature resistant insulation material to assist in heat dissipation on the surface of the power battery pack.

33. Equipped with spare batteries.

34. Build an emergency automatic power supply circuit between the backup battery and the door unlocking device. When the vehicle loses power, the power of the backup battery will be used to automatically power the door unlocking device.

35. Build an emergency automatic power supply circuit between the backup battery and the window glass lifting device. When the vehicle loses power, the power of the backup battery will be used to automatically power the window glass lifting device.

36. Fire-resistant glass for vehicle glass.

37. Assemble vehicles using flame-retardant parts.

38. Modify vehicles with flame-retardant parts.

Images