Unmanned aerial vehicle for deicing blades of wind turbine generator

Abstract

The invention provides an unmanned aerial vehicle for deicing blades of a wind turbine generator, and relates to the technical field of wind power generation, the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a self-power-generation assembly is arranged at the top of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, a spraying assembly is arranged below the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and the unmanned aerial vehicle body further comprises a condensation adjusting assembly; the condensation adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the condensation condition in the flight process of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The technical problem that when an unmanned aerial vehicle conducts deicing operation on a wind driven generator, condensation is prone to being generated due to the environment, and long-time work cannot be conducted is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of wind power generation, and in particular relates to a drone used for deicing blades of a wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] Wind energy is particularly abundant in plateaus, cold areas, mountain ridges, and mountain tops, and has great development value. However, these places are high in altitude, high in humidity, and low in temperature, which can easily cause blade ice. The aerodynamic performance of the blades is affected by ice, which can lead to blade overload and uneven load distribution, which in turn greatly affects the continuous output of wind energy. On the other hand, when the blades are rotating, operational accidents caused by ice falling off are very likely to occur. In order to eliminate ice on the blades of wind turbines, drones are usually used for de-icing operations. However, in existing drone de-icing operations, there is usually a lack of protection for drones in environments with high humidity and low temperatures, which easily causes condensation water to form on the drone blades, making it impossible for the drone to work for a long time in this environment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides a UAV for deicing blades of a wind turbine generator set, so as to solve at least one technical problem raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a UAV for de-icing wind turbine blades, comprising: a UAV, wherein a self-generating component is provided on the top of the UAV, a spraying component is provided under the UAV, and the UAV also includes a condensation regulating component, which is used to regulate the condensation condition of the UAV during flight.

[0005] Preferably, the self-generating component includes a photovoltaic panel, the photovoltaic panel is bolted to a photovoltaic truss, the photovoltaic truss is bolted to a light-chasing rotating structure, an energy storage backup battery is provided on one side of the photovoltaic panel, the energy storage backup battery is nested and installed on a drone, the energy storage backup battery is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and the drone, respectively, and a high-definition camera is installed at the front end of the drone.

[0006] Preferably, the light-chasing rotating structure includes a rotating seat, which is bolted to the top of the drone, and an electric rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating seat, and a working end of the electric rotating shaft is bolted to the photovoltaic truss.

[0007] Preferably, the spray assembly includes a boom, which is bolted to the bottom of the drone, the bottom of the boom is bolted to a mounting platform, a liquid storage tank is threadedly connected to the mounting platform, an output end of the liquid storage tank is connected to a hose, the other end of the hose is connected to a micro electric pump, the micro electric pump is bolted to the mounting platform, an output end of the micro electric pump is threadedly connected to an extension nozzle, and a blowing structure is provided behind the liquid storage tank.

[0008] Preferably, the blowing structure includes a hair dryer, which is rotatably connected to a rotating table, a heating wire is provided in the hair dryer, a jet nozzle is threadedly connected to the output end of the hair dryer, a rotating motor is bolted to one side of the rotating table, the output end of the rotating motor is connected to the hair dryer, both sides of the rotating table are slidably connected to two sliding rods, the two sliding rods are bolted to the mounting platform, and a compression elastic member is provided between the rotating table and the sliding rod.

[0009] Preferably, the flight condensation conditioning assembly comprises Condensation monitoring module: configured to detect the thickness of condensed water film and ice layer on the surface of drone blades in real time, including multi-spectral sensor and infrared thermal imager; Microwave thawing module: It is composed of an array of microwave emitters with adjustable frequency, embedded inside or on the surface of the blade, and radiates the target area in a direction to heat the condensed water or ice layer; Intelligent control module: dynamically adjusts microwave frequency (2.45GHz or 5.8GHz), power density (1-10W / cm²) and radiation time (0.5-5 seconds) according to condensation thickness and flight status, and communicates with the flight control system to adjust the flight speed and attitude of the drone.

[0010] Preferably, the microwave transmitter array is composed of a ceramic substrate microwave circuit, the radiation sheet size is 5mm×5mm, and the array spacing is ≤1 / 4 wavelength (corresponding to 30.6mm at 2.45GHz); The microwave thawing module comprises an electromagnetic shielding layer, the shielding effectiveness of which is ≥30dB, and the radiation direction deviates from the UAV electronic equipment cabin by >45°; The working bands of the multi-spectral sensor include 1450nm, 1900nm and 0.3THz, and the ice layer detection thickness range is 0.1-5mm.

[0011] Preferably, the intelligent control module has a built-in defrosting priority algorithm. When the ice thickness is detected to be ≥1mm, the 5.8GHz high-frequency focusing mode (power density ≥8W / cm²) is forcibly activated, and the flight speed is simultaneously reduced to 70% of the rated value; The flight control system adjusts the attitude of the UAV according to the microwave working state so that the target blade area is perpendicular to the microwave radiation direction, and the error angle is ≤5°; The microwave thawing module is linked to the drone power management system and switches to a low power consumption mode (power density ≤ 2W / cm²) when the remaining battery power is less than 20%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 ; Figure 2 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 .

[0013] In the figure: 1. UAV; 2. Self-generating component; 21. Photovoltaic panel; 22. Photovoltaic truss; 23. Energy storage backup battery; 24. High-definition camera; 3. Light chasing rotation structure; 31. Rotating seat; 32. Electric shaft; 4. Spraying component; 41. Hanging rod; 42. Mounting platform; 43. Liquid storage tank; 44. Hose; 45. Micro electric pump; 46. Extension nozzle; 5. Blowing structure; 51. Hair dryer; 52. Rotating table; 53. Jet nozzle; 54. Rotating motor; 55. Sliding rod; 56. Compression elastic member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0015] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0016] The present invention provides the following embodiments Example 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a drone for deicing blades of a wind turbine generator set, such as Figure 1-2As shown, it includes: a drone 1, a self-generating component 2 is provided on the top of the drone 1, a spraying component 4 is provided below the drone 1, and the drone 1 also includes a condensation regulating component, which is used to regulate the condensation condition of the drone 1 during the flight process.

[0017] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the self-generating component 2 adopts thin-film solar cell technology, which can convert solar energy into electrical energy and store it in a battery to achieve energy conversion, which is green and environmentally friendly. During the flight of the drone, the self-generating component 2 can continuously provide power support for the drone 1, reducing dependence on external power supplies and improving the endurance and autonomous operation capabilities of the drone 1. The spraying component 4 is located below the drone 1 and is specially designed to spray and blow air to heat the blades of the wind turbine. When the drone 1 flies near the blades of the wind turbine, the spraying component 4 will start to evenly spray a specific heating medium onto the surface of the blades, and help heat the blades through the blowing function to remove ice or snow on the blades and improve the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine. The condensation regulating component is used to regulate the condensation condition of the drone 1 during flight to prevent the performance degradation or failure of the drone 1 due to condensation. The component may automatically adjust the condensation condition of the blades of the drone 1 by monitoring the flight environment, temperature, humidity and other parameters of the drone 1 to reduce the occurrence of condensation.

[0018] Example 2 On the basis of Example 1, the self-generating component 2 includes a photovoltaic panel 21, the photovoltaic panel 21 is bolted to the photovoltaic truss 22, the photovoltaic truss 22 is bolted to the light-chasing rotating structure 3, and an energy storage backup battery 23 is provided on one side of the photovoltaic panel 21. The energy storage backup battery 23 is nested and installed on the drone 1. The energy storage backup battery 23 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel 21 and the drone 1 respectively, and a high-definition camera 24 is installed at the front end of the drone 1.

[0019] The light-chasing rotating structure 3 includes a rotating seat 31 , which is bolted to the top of the drone 1 , and an electric rotating shaft 32 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 31 , and a working end of the electric rotating shaft 32 is bolted to the photovoltaic truss 22 .

[0020] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the photovoltaic panel 21 is the main component for energy collection, which absorbs sunlight and converts it into electrical energy. The photovoltaic panel 21 is fixed to the photovoltaic truss 22 by bolts to ensure its stability and safety during the flight of the drone 1. The photovoltaic truss 22, as a supporting structure, not only bears the weight of the photovoltaic panel 21, but also optimizes the light-receiving area and angle of the photovoltaic panel 21 through its design to improve the energy conversion efficiency. The photovoltaic truss 22 is connected to the light-chasing rotating structure 3 by bolts, allowing the photovoltaic panel 21 to be adjusted according to changes in the position of the sun. The structure includes a rotating seat 31 and an electric rotating shaft 32. The electric rotating shaft 32 drives the photovoltaic truss 22 and the photovoltaic panel 21 to rotate according to a preset algorithm or sensor data to always keep the photovoltaic panel 21 Facing the sun to maximize energy collection efficiency, the energy storage backup battery 23 is nested and installed on the drone 1, forming an electrical connection between the photovoltaic panel 21 and the drone 1. When the electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel 21 exceeds the current demand of the drone 1, the excess electricity will be stored in the energy storage backup battery 23. When the light is insufficient or the drone 1 needs additional power support, the energy storage backup battery 23 will release the stored electricity to ensure the stable operation of the drone 1. The high-definition camera 24 is installed at the front end of the drone 1 to capture real-time images and videos during the flight. These images and video data can be used for monitoring the flight environment, target identification, operation effect evaluation and other purposes. The high-definition camera 24 is connected to the control system of the drone 1, allowing the operator to view and record flight data in real time on the ground station or the drone 1; Through the design of the light-chasing rotating structure 3, the photovoltaic panel 21 of the present invention can always maintain the optimal light receiving angle and maximize the energy collection efficiency, which helps to extend the flight time of the UAV 1, reduce energy costs, and improve the overall operating efficiency. The sturdy design of the photovoltaic truss 22 and the light-chasing rotating structure 3 ensures the stability and safety of the photovoltaic panel 21 during flight. At the same time, the introduction of the energy storage backup battery 23 provides additional power support for the UAV 1, enhances the reliability and emergency capability of the system, and the introduction of the high-definition camera 24 enables the operator to monitor the flight environment and operating results in real time, so as to adjust the flight parameters and operating strategies in time, which helps to improve operating accuracy and efficiency and reduce resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0021] Example 3 On the basis of Example 1, the spray assembly 4 includes a boom 41, which is bolted to the bottom of the drone 1, and the bottom of the boom 41 is bolted to a mounting platform 42, and a liquid storage tank 43 is threadedly connected to the mounting platform 42, and the output end of the liquid storage tank 43 is connected to a hose 44, and the other end of the hose 44 is connected to a micro electric pump 45, and the micro electric pump 45 is bolted to the mounting platform 42, and the output end of the micro electric pump 45 is threadedly connected to an extension nozzle 46, and a blowing structure 5 is provided behind the liquid storage tank 43.

[0022] The blowing structure 5 includes a blowing tube 51, which is rotatably connected to a rotating platform 52. A heating wire is arranged inside the blowing tube 51. A jet nozzle 53 is threadedly connected to the output end of the blowing tube 51. A rotating motor 54 is bolted to one side of the rotating platform 52. The output end of the rotating motor 54 is connected to the blowing tube 51. Both sides of the rotating platform 52 are slidably connected to two sliding rods 55. The two sliding rods 55 are bolted to the mounting platform 42. A compression elastic member 56 is arranged between the rotating platform 52 and the sliding rod 55.

[0023] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the liquid storage tank 43 is fixed on the mounting platform 42 by a threaded connection and is used to store the heating medium. When spraying is required, the liquid in the liquid storage tank 43 is transported to the micro electric pump 45 through the hose 44. The micro electric pump 45 is bolted to the mounting platform 42 and is responsible for pressurizing the liquid transported by the hose 44 and transporting the pressurized liquid to the extension nozzle 46 through its output end. The start and stop of the micro electric pump 45 can be remotely controlled by the control system of the drone 1. The extension nozzle 46 is threadedly connected to the output end of the micro electric pump 45 and is responsible for pressurizing the pressurized liquid. The heating medium is sprayed onto the blades of the wind turbine in the form of mist or line. The amount and range of the spraying can be controlled by adjusting the rotation speed of the micro-electric pump and the nozzle size of the extended nozzle. After the heating medium is sprayed onto the blades of the wind turbine, the drone 1 rotates, and the electric heating wire in the blower 51 heats the air to generate hot air. The rotating motor 54 drives the blower 51 to rotate on the rotating platform 52, thereby adjusting the blowing direction of the hot air. The hot air is sprayed through the jet nozzle 53, which may be used to assist in thawing the ice on the blades of the wind turbine. The rotating platform 52 slides on the two slide bars 55, and the compression elastic member 56 provides support and buffering for the rotating platform 52. The present invention utilizes the UAV 1 as a spraying platform, which has the advantages of fast flight speed and wide coverage area, and can significantly improve the spraying efficiency. By controlling the flight path of the UAV 1 and the flow rate of the micro electric pump 45, accurate spraying of the target area can be achieved to avoid waste and environmental pollution. The addition of the blowing structure 5 makes the spraying component 4 not only have a spraying function, but also has functions such as blowing and heating, which can help the wind turbine blades to thaw quickly. The design of the boom 41 and the mounting platform 42 makes it easy to disassemble and replace components such as the liquid storage tank 43 and the micro electric pump 45, which is convenient for maintenance and upgrading. At the same time, the UAV 1 platform itself also has a strong ability to adapt to terrain and can operate in complex terrain.

[0024] Example 4 Based on Example 1, the flight condensation adjustment component includes Condensation monitoring module: configured to detect the thickness of condensed water film and ice layer on the blade surface of UAV 1 in real time, including a multi-spectral sensor and an infrared thermal imager; Microwave thawing module: It is composed of an array of microwave emitters with adjustable frequency, embedded inside or on the surface of the blade, and radiates the target area in a direction to heat the condensed water or ice layer; Intelligent control module: dynamically adjusts microwave frequency (2.45GHz or 5.8GHz), power density (1-10W / cm²) and radiation time (0.5-5 seconds) according to condensation thickness and flight status, and communicates with the flight control system to adjust the flight speed and attitude of the drone 1.

[0025] The microwave transmitter array is composed of a ceramic substrate microwave circuit, the radiation piece size is 5mm×5mm, and the array spacing is ≤1 / 4 wavelength (corresponding to 30.6mm at 2.45GHz); The microwave thawing module comprises an electromagnetic shielding layer, the shielding effectiveness of which is ≥30dB, and the radiation direction deviates from the UAV electronic equipment cabin by >45°; The working bands of the multi-spectral sensor include 1450nm, 1900nm and 0.3THz, and the ice layer detection thickness range is 0.1-5mm.

[0026] The intelligent control module has a built-in defrosting priority algorithm. When the ice thickness is detected to be ≥1mm, the 5.8GHz high-frequency focusing mode (power density ≥8W / cm²) is forced to start and the flight speed is simultaneously reduced to 70% of the rated value. The flight control system adjusts the attitude of the UAV 1 according to the microwave working state so that the target blade area is perpendicular to the microwave radiation direction, and the error angle is ≤5°; The microwave thawing module is linked to the power management system of the drone 1 and switches to a low power consumption mode (power density ≤ 2W / cm²) when the remaining battery power is less than 20%.

[0027] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are: through the working bands of 1450nm, 1900nm and 0.3THz, the condensed water film and ice thickness on the blade surface of UAV 1 are monitored in real time. The selection of these bands helps to accurately distinguish different substances on the blade surface, such as water, ice layer and the material of the blade itself, and the temperature distribution on the blade surface is assisted by infrared thermal imager to provide additional data support for the intelligent control module to more accurately judge the condensation state. The microwave transmitter array is composed of frequency-adjustable microwave transmitters embedded in or on the surface of the blade. Each transmitter in the array is composed of a ceramic substrate microwave circuit. The radiation sheet size is 5mm×5mm, and the array spacing is less than or equal to 1 / 4 wavelength (30.6mm at 2.45GHz) to ensure effective radiation and uniform distribution of microwave energy. Electromagnetic shielding layer: protects the electronic equipment of UAV 1 from interference from microwave radiation, while ensuring that the microwave energy is greater than 45° The angle deviates from the electronic equipment compartment to avoid potential electromagnetic interference. Intelligent adjustment: According to the data of the condensation monitoring module, the intelligent control module dynamically adjusts the microwave frequency (2.45GHz or 5.8GHz), power density (1-10W / cm²) and radiation time (0.5-5 seconds) to achieve efficient and safe thawing and heating. When the ice thickness is detected to reach or exceed 1mm, the 5.8GHz high-frequency focusing mode is forced to start, and the thawing is fast with a higher power density (≥8W / cm²), and the flight speed is simultaneously reduced to 70% of the rated value to ensure flight safety. It communicates with the flight control system and adjusts the drone's attitude according to the microwave working status, so that the target blade area is perpendicular to the microwave radiation direction, and the error angle is less than or equal to 5° to ensure the effective use of microwave energy. It is linked with the drone 1 power management system and automatically switches to low power consumption mode (power density ≤2W / cm²) when the remaining battery power is less than 20% to extend the flight time. The present invention can quickly and accurately detect and thaw the condensed water film and ice layer on the blades through the coordinated work of the intelligent control module and the microwave thawing module, thereby ensuring the flight performance and safety of the UAV 1 under adverse weather conditions. The electromagnetic shielding layer and the intelligent adjustment function effectively prevent the interference and damage of microwave radiation to the electronic equipment of the UAV 1, while ensuring the safe use of microwave energy. By optimizing the microwave frequency, power density and radiation time, efficient energy utilization is achieved, unnecessary energy consumption and emissions are reduced, which is in line with the concept of green flight. The linkage adjustment with the flight control system enables the UAV 1 to maintain a stable flight attitude and speed during the thawing process, thereby improving the safety and stability of the flight. The built-in intelligent control module and thawing priority algorithm make the entire thawing process more intelligent and automated, reducing the need for manual intervention and improving work efficiency.

[0028] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A drone for deicing wind turbine blades, characterized in that: include: A drone (1), wherein a self-generating component (2) is provided on the top of the drone (1), a spraying component (4) is provided below the drone (1), and the drone (1) further comprises a condensation regulating component, which is used to regulate the condensation condition of the drone (1) during flight.

2. The UAV for deicing wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-generating component (2) comprises a photovoltaic panel (21), the photovoltaic panel (21) is bolted to a photovoltaic truss (22), the photovoltaic truss (22) is bolted to a light-chasing rotating structure (3), an energy storage backup battery (23) is provided on one side of the photovoltaic panel (21), the energy storage backup battery (23) is nested and installed on the drone (1), the energy storage backup battery (23) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel (21) and the drone (1), respectively, and a high-definition camera (24) is installed at the front end of the drone (1).

3. The UAV for deicing wind turbine blades according to claim 2, characterized in that: The light-chasing rotating structure (3) comprises a rotating seat (31), the rotating seat (31) being bolted to the top of the drone (1), an electric rotating shaft (32) being rotatably connected to the rotating seat (31), and a working end of the electric rotating shaft (32) being bolted to the photovoltaic truss (22).

4. The UAV for deicing wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying assembly (4) comprises a suspension rod (41), the suspension rod (41) being bolted to the bottom of the drone (1), the bottom of the suspension rod (41) being bolted to a mounting platform (42), a liquid storage tank (43) being threadedly connected to the mounting platform (42), an output end of the liquid storage tank (43) being connected to a hose (44), the other end of the hose (44) being connected to a micro electric pump (45), the micro electric pump (45) being bolted to the mounting platform (42), an output end of the micro electric pump (45) being threadedly connected to an extension nozzle (46), and a blowing structure (5) being provided at the rear of the liquid storage tank (43).

5. The UAV for deicing wind turbine blades according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blowing structure (5) comprises a blowing tube (51), the blowing tube (51) is rotatably connected to a rotating platform (52), a heating wire is arranged inside the blowing tube (51), an output end of the blowing tube (51) is threadedly connected to a jet nozzle (53), a rotating motor (54) is bolted to one side of the rotating platform (52), the output end of the rotating motor (54) is connected to the blowing tube (51), two sides of the rotating platform (52) are slidably connected to two sliding rods (55), the two sliding rods (55) are bolted to the mounting platform (42), and a compression elastic member (56) is arranged between the rotating platform (52) and the sliding rod (55).

6. The UAV for deicing wind turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that: Flight condensation conditioning kit includes Condensation monitoring module: configured to detect in real time the thickness of condensed water film and ice layer on the blade surface of the drone (1), including a multi-spectral sensor and an infrared thermal imager; Microwave thawing module: It is composed of an array of microwave emitters with adjustable frequency, embedded inside or on the surface of the blade, and radiates the target area in a direction to heat the condensed water or ice layer; Intelligent control module: dynamically adjusts microwave frequency (2.45GHz or 5.8GHz), power density (1-10W / cm²) and radiation time (0.5-5 seconds) according to condensation thickness and flight status, and communicates with the flight control system to adjust the flight speed and attitude of the drone (1).

7. The UAV for deicing wind turbine blades according to claim 6, characterized in that: The microwave transmitter array is composed of a ceramic substrate microwave circuit, the radiation piece size is 5mm×5mm, and the array spacing is ≤1 / 4 wavelength (corresponding to 30.6mm at 2.45GHz); The microwave thawing module comprises an electromagnetic shielding layer, the shielding effectiveness of which is ≥30 dB, and the radiation direction deviates from the electronic equipment compartment of the drone (1) by more than 45 degrees; The working bands of the multi-spectral sensor include 1450nm, 1900nm and 0.3THz, and the ice layer detection thickness range is 0.1-5mm.

8. The UAV for deicing wind turbine blades according to claim 6, characterized in that: The intelligent control module has a built-in defrosting priority algorithm. When the ice thickness is detected to be ≥1mm, the 5.8GHz high-frequency focusing mode (power density ≥8W / cm²) is forced to start and the flight speed is simultaneously reduced to 70% of the rated value. The flight control system adjusts the attitude of the UAV (1) according to the microwave working state so that the target blade area is perpendicular to the microwave radiation direction, and the error angle is ≤5°; The microwave thawing module is linked to the power management system of the drone (1) and switches to a low power consumption mode (power density ≤ 2 W / cm²) when the remaining battery power is less than 20%.

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