Brassica juncea harvesting and laying machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural automation equipment, and discloses a leaf mustard harvesting and laying machine which comprises a rack, the rack comprises a supporting plate and a mounting frame connected to one end of the supporting plate, and a walking chassis is arranged at the bottoms of the supporting plate and the mounting frame; the elastic collecting device comprises a collecting frame and two pairs of tensioning wheel belt sets fixed to the collecting frame, and a leaf mustard conveying channel is formed between the two pairs of tensioning wheel belt sets. The clamping and conveying device comprises a pair of conveying belts which are in butt joint with the elastic collecting device; the cutting device is installed at the bottom of the clamping and conveying device, the turnover mechanism is fixed to the installation frame and comprises a pair of circular ring rotating discs, the circular ring rotating discs are provided with elastic clamping rods, and the distance between the elastic clamping rods is adjustable; and the elastic binding device and the clamping and conveying device are obliquely arranged at the end part of the mounting frame. The brassica juncea harvesting and laying machine is simple in structure and capable of laying brassica juncea.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural automation equipment, and in particular relates to a mustard harvesting and spreading machine. Background Art

[0002] Mustard (scientific name: Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. et Coss.) is a member of the cruciferous family. Mustard is a specialty vegetable of China with a long history, a wide variety of species, and extensive cultivation. It is mainly distributed in the Yangtze River Basin and the southwest region. China is one of the original origin centers of mustard. Mustard is divided into four categories of roots, stems, leaves, and stalks, with 16 variants and many variant types. Among them, the stems and leaves of leaf mustard are the main edible parts. The shape of its rhizomes is relatively sturdy, and there are tumorous stems with large differences in size and shape, and the leaves are also relatively large. When mustard matures, the leaves will stick to the ground. At present, the harvest of mustard is generally carried out by manpower, including cutting roots, removing leaves, and transportation, which is extremely labor-intensive.

[0003] During the processing of mustard greens, the stems and leaves need to be dried in the sun to remove some of the moisture. There are two ways to do this. One is to cut the roots, dry them upside down in situ for one to two days, and then harvest them a second time. The second is to collect the mustard greens at a fixed location and then dry them manually, which is very labor-intensive.

[0004] CN110731161B discloses a vegetable cleaning device for a multi-row combine harvester for green cabbage heads. The upper part of the frame column of the machine is hinged with a leaf clamping and lifting conveying mechanism, which is composed of a loop conveyor belt. The input end and output end of the leaf clamping and lifting conveying mechanism are respectively equipped with a root cutting mechanism and a leaf cutting mechanism; a leaf removing mechanism is installed below the leaf cutting mechanism, and a fork conveying chain moving along the axial direction of the rubber roller toward the output port is installed above the rubber pair of rollers of the leaf removing mechanism, and a flat belt lifting device is connected below the output port, and a collecting box is connected below the lifting device. The harvester cannot complete the laying of mustard greens.

[0005] CN104255185B discloses a small crawler rapeseed harvester, comprising a small crawler chassis and a harvester frame, on which a cutter assembly, a straw supporter, a straw star wheel and a conveyor chain assembly are installed, the cutter assembly and the conveyor chain assembly are connected to the power system of the small crawler chassis through a transmission mechanism, and the harvester frame is installed on the small crawler chassis through a lifting and adjusting device, and can move in a vertical direction. The rapeseed harvester can lay out the harvested rapeseed, but has a complex structure and is not suitable for laying mustard. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology and to provide a mustard harvesting and paving machine which has a simple structure and can be turned over to lay mustard.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed in the present invention is: a mustard harvesting and laying machine, comprising: a frame, the frame comprising a support plate and a mounting frame connected to one end of the support plate, a walking chassis is provided at the bottom of the support plate and the mounting frame, and the walking chassis is used to drive the whole machine to move; The elastic bundling device comprises a bundling frame and two pairs of tensioning wheel belt assemblies fixed on the bundling frame, wherein a mustard conveying channel is formed between the two pairs of tensioning wheel belt assemblies; The clamping and conveying device comprises a pair of conveying belts connected to the elastic contracting device; the pair of conveying belts cooperate to clamp the mustard greens conveyed from the mustard greens conveying channel; the elastic contracting device and the clamping and conveying device are obliquely arranged at the end of the mounting frame; A cutting device, installed at the bottom of the clamping and conveying device, used for cutting off the roots of mustard greens; The turning mechanism is fixed on the mounting frame and arranged between the frame and the clamping and conveying device. The turning mechanism includes a pair of circular turntables. The circular turntables are provided with elastic clamping rods. The spacing between the elastic clamping rods is adjustable. The mustard is turned over and laid on the ground during the rotation of the circular turntables.

[0008] In one embodiment, the elastic bundling device, the clamping and conveying device, the cutting device and the flipping mechanism are provided in sets of 2-4.

[0009] In one embodiment, each circular turntable includes a rotating shaft, a support plate passing through the rotating shaft, support rods are arranged at intervals on the support plate, and circular rings are connected to the ends of the support rods. Elastic clamping rods are symmetrically arranged on the circular rings of the two circular turntables, and the width between the two elastic clamping rods is adjustable. The mustard is clamped by the elastic clamping rods to be flipped.

[0010] In one embodiment, the elastic clamping rod is an arc rod, both ends of the elastic clamping rod are passed through the circular ring through a connecting rod, and an elastic piece is provided on the connecting rod for adjusting the width between the symmetrically arranged elastic clamping rods.

[0011] In one embodiment, a protruding structure is provided at the connection between the support rod and the circular ring, and two connecting holes are provided on the protruding structure for connecting an elastic clamping rod between any two adjacent support rods. The elastic clamping rod is arranged on the circular ring through the connecting rod passing through the connecting hole.

[0012] In one embodiment, the tension wheel belt group includes a pair of tension wheel assemblies with the same structure arranged in front and behind, and the tension wheel assembly includes a tension wheel body, a bracket connected to the tension wheel body, and the tightening frame includes a vertical connecting rod, and the connecting rod is passed through one end of the bracket away from the tension wheel body.

[0013] In one embodiment, the elastic contraction device further comprises two rows of roller bundles symmetrically arranged on the tensioning wheel belt, and the roller bundles comprise a plurality of rollable rollers.

[0014] In one embodiment, a plurality of flexible arc belts are arranged at intervals on the conveyor belt of the clamping conveyor device.

[0015] In one embodiment, there are two flipping mechanisms, and a motor for driving the flipping mechanisms to rotate is disposed between the two flipping mechanisms.

[0016] In one embodiment, there are two clamping and conveying devices, and the cutting device is arranged between the two clamping and conveying devices. The cutting device includes a double-disc cutting knife, and the double-disc cutting knife can translate left and right.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when the mustard harvester and spreader is operating, the elastic contracting device is used to align the mustard rows, and the whole machine moves forward. Since the mustard rhizomes are relatively thick or there is a slight deviation in the rows, the rhizomes touch the tensioning wheel belt group, and the tensioning wheel undergoes elastic deformation to widen the channel. In the process of the whole machine moving forward, the rhizomes smoothly enter the mustard conveying channel. At the same time, due to the presence of the tensioning belt, the mustard rhizomes are limited to prevent them from swaying left and right. At the same time, the inclined gathering frame will gather the leaves hanging on the ground from bottom to top, thus completing the elastic gathering of the mustard greens, so as to facilitate the subsequent clamping and transportation. After the roots are cut, the mustard greens are output from the end of the clamping and conveying device and fall into the flipping mechanism, and the mustard greens are clamped by the elastic clamping rod. During the rotation of the circular turntable, the mustard greens are gradually flipped under the action of gravity as the flipping mechanism rotates, and the mustard greens slide from the elastic clamping rods to the field, thus completing the flipping and laying of the mustard greens. Through the flipping structure, the mustard greens are inverted when they are laid on the ground, so that the moisture in the middle cannot be discharged during the drying process, and the drying effect is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a mustard harvesting and laying machine according to an embodiment; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic bundling device of a mustard harvesting and paving machine according to an embodiment; Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turning mechanism of a mustard harvester and spreader according to one embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and meticulously below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all professional terms used below have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0023] See also Figure 1-3 The mustard harvesting and spreading machine of one embodiment mainly consists of a frame 1, an elastic bundling device 2, a clamping and conveying device 3, a cutting device 4 and a turning mechanism 5, and the elastic bundling device 2, the clamping and conveying device 3, the cutting device 4 and the turning mechanism 5 are matched. Specifically, the frame 1 includes a support plate 11, a mounting frame 12 and a walking chassis 13, and the walking chassis 12 is used to drive the whole machine to move, and the elastic bundling device 2 and the clamping and conveying device 3 are obliquely fixed at the end of the mounting frame 12. The elastic bundling device 2 includes a bundling frame 21, two pairs of tensioning wheel belt groups 22 fixed on the bundling frame 21, and a mustard conveying channel is formed between the two pairs of tensioning wheel belt groups 22. The clamping and conveying device 3 includes a pair of conveyor belts 33 docked with the elastic bundling device. The pair of conveyor belts 33 cooperate with each other to clamp the mustard transmitted from the mustard conveying channel. The cutting device 4 is installed at the bottom of the clamping and conveying device 3, and is used to cut off the roots of the mustard. The flipping mechanism 5 is arranged between the support plate 11 and the clamping and conveying device 3 through the mounting frame 12. The flipping mechanism 5 includes a pair of circular turntables 50. The circular turntables 50 are provided with elastic clamping rods 60. The spacing between the pair of elastic clamping rods 60 is adjustable. The mustard is flipped and laid on the ground during the rotation of the circular turntable 5. The elastic bundling device 2, the clamping and conveying device 3, the cutting device 4 and the flipping mechanism 5 are equipped with 2-4 sets. Preferably, in this embodiment, the elastic bundling device 2, the clamping and conveying device 3, the cutting device 4 and the flipping mechanism 5 are equipped with 2 sets, and double rows of mustard can be harvested and laid. This structural method is the best in terms of the balance between the stability of the whole machine assembly and the harvest rate. Of course, in other embodiments, there can also be 3 or 4 sets, and an even number of sets is more preferred.

[0024] Specifically, in one embodiment, the support plate 11 is arranged parallel to the ground, the whole machine driving motor 14 is fixed on the support plate 11, and the support plate 11 is also provided with a seat 111 for users. The walking chassis 13 includes a pair of front wheels and rear wheels, wherein the front wheels are fixed to the bottom of the mounting frame 12. The rear wheels are fixed to the bottom of the support plate 11, and the walking chassis 13 is driven by the whole machine driving motor 14 to drive the whole machine to move. By setting the support plate 11 parallel to the ground, the user can sit on the seat 111 of the support plate 11 to operate, and the frame structure is simple and easy to use.

[0025] The mounting frame 12 includes a fixed cross bar 121 fixed on the support plate 11 and an inclined frame 122 connected to the end of the fixed cross bar 121. The elastic bundling device 2 and the clamping and conveying device 3 are fixed on the inclined frame 122 to form an inclined angle. The elastic bundling device 2 and the clamping and conveying device 3 are arranged obliquely, and the bundling frame 21 can gather the mustard leaves hanging on the ground from bottom to top, so as to better complete the elastic bundling of the mustard, so as to facilitate the subsequent clamping and conveying.

[0026] Specifically, in one embodiment, the elastic bundling device 2 includes a bundling frame 21, two pairs of tensioning wheel belt assemblies 22 fixed on the bundling frame 21, and a mustard conveying channel is formed between the two pairs of tensioning wheel belt assemblies 22. Specifically, the bundling frames 21 are arranged in pairs, that is, two pairs of tensioning wheel belt assemblies 22 correspond to two bundling frames 21, and the bundling frames 21 include two vertical connecting rods 211 and a connecting cross bar 212 fixed between the two connecting vertical rods 211. The tensioning wheel belt assembly 22 includes a pair of tensioning wheel assemblies 221 with the same structure arranged front and back, and the tensioning wheel assemblies 221 arranged front and back are connected by a tensioning belt 222, and the tensioning wheel assemblies 221 arranged front and back each include a tensioning wheel body 2211, a bracket 2212 connected to the tensioning wheel body 2211, and the vertical connecting rod 211 of the bundling frame 21 is passed through the bracket 2212 and is away from the tensioning wheel body 2211. One of the vertical connecting rods 211 of the bundling frame 21 is fixed on the tilting frame 122 .

[0027] Preferably, the elastic bundling device 2 also includes two rows of roller bundles 2222 symmetrically arranged on the tensioning belt 222, and the roller bundles 2222 include a plurality of rollable rollers. When the mustard rhizomes pass through the tensioning wheel assembly 221 arranged at the front end and enter the area of ​​the two rows of roller bundles 2222, the sliding friction is converted into rolling friction under the action of the rollers, thereby reducing the resistance of the mustard rhizomes to the forward and backward movement. At the same time, due to the presence of the tensioning belt 222, the mustard rhizomes are limited to prevent left and right swinging. Therefore, by using the elastic bundling device 2 of the present application, the mustard leaves can be gathered up conveniently and quickly, and quickly transported to the clamping and conveying device 3.

[0028] Specifically, the clamping conveying device 3 is docked with the elastic bundling device 2. Specifically, the belt surfaces of a pair of conveying belts 33 are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction, and the pair of conveying belts 33 cooperate with each other to clamp the mustard transmitted from the mustard conveying channel. Preferably, a plurality of flexible arc belts 333 are arranged at intervals on the conveying belt 33. One of the vertical connecting rods 211 of the bundling frame 21 passes through the flexible arc belt 333 and is fixed on the inclined frame 122. A certain elasticity and extrusion force are formed by using a plurality of flexible arc belts 333, so that the mustard can be better clamped. During the forward movement of the whole machine, the mustard is more easily transported backward along the inclined clamping conveying device 3.

[0029] Specifically, the cutting device 4 is disposed at the bottom of the clamping and conveying device 3. Preferably, the cutting blade of the cutting device 4 is a double-disc cutting blade, and the driving motor of the cutting device 4 is fixed on the tilting frame 122 and is located at the bottom of the clamping and conveying device 3.

[0030] Specifically, in one embodiment, the circular rotating disk 50 is provided with an elastic clamping rod 60, and the spacing between a pair of elastic clamping rods 60 is adjustable, and the mustard is turned over and laid on the ground during the rotation of the circular rotating disk 5. The circular rotating disk 50 includes a rotating shaft 51, a support disk 52 passing through the rotating shaft 51, and support rods 53 are arranged on the support disk 52 at intervals, and the ends of the support rods 53 are connected to a circular ring 54, and two elastic clamping rods 60 are symmetrically arranged on the circular ring 54 of the circular rotating disk 50, and the mustard is clamped by the elastic clamping rods 60 to be turned over. Preferably, the elastic clamping rod 60 is an arc rod, and the two ends of the elastic clamping rod 60 are passed through the circular ring 54 through a connecting rod 61, and an elastic member 62 is provided on the connecting rod 60, and the elastic member 62 is preferably a spring, and of course other elastic components can also be used, using a spring sheet. The elastic member 62 is used to adjust the width between the elastic clamping rods 60. Preferably, a protruding structure 540 is provided at the connection between the support rod 53 and the circular ring 54, and two connecting holes 541 are opened on the protruding structure 540 for connecting the elastic clamping rod 60 between any two adjacent support rods 53. The elastic clamping rod 60 is arranged on the circular ring 54 through the connecting rod 61 passing through the connecting hole 541.

[0031] After cutting the roots, the mustard is output from the end of the clamping and conveying device 3 and falls between the two elastic clamping rods 60 of the turning mechanism 5. Under the action of the gravity of the mustard, the mustard falls between the two elastic clamping rods 60. Since the elastic member 62 provides elasticity for the elastic clamping rod 60, the self-gravity of the mustard causes the elastic clamping rod 60 to open, and the spacing between the two elastic clamping rods 60 becomes wider. At this time, the elastic member 62 is compressed, increasing the clamping force on the mustard, completing the clamping and squeezing of the mustard, and with the rotation of the turning mechanism 5, the mustard also gradually completes the turning with the rotation of the turning mechanism 5. At the same time, the direction of the force of the mustard on the elastic clamping rod 60 changes, and the clamping force is weakened. Finally, when the turning mechanism 5 rotates 180°, the mustard slides from the elastic clamping rod 60 to the field, and the turning and laying of the mustard is completed. When there are two turning mechanisms 5, the motor 55 for driving the turning mechanism 5 to rotate is set between the two turning mechanisms 5.

[0032] When the mustard harvesting and laying machine is in operation, the elastic contraction device is used to align the mustard rows, and the whole machine moves forward. Since the mustard rhizomes are relatively thick or there is a slight deviation in the rows, the rhizomes touch the tensioning wheel belt group, and the tensioning wheel undergoes elastic deformation, making the channel wider. In the process of the whole machine moving forward, when the mustard rhizomes pass through the tensioning wheel assembly set at the front end, they enter the two rows of roller bundle areas. Under the action of the rollers, the sliding friction is converted into rolling friction, reducing the resistance of the mustard rhizomes to the forward and backward movement. At the same time, due to the presence of the tensioning belt, the mustard rhizomes are limited to prevent them from swaying left and right. Therefore, by using the elastic contraction device of the present application, the mustard leaves can be gathered up quickly and conveniently, and quickly transported to the clamping and conveying device. The rhizomes enter the mustard conveying channel, and at the same time, due to the presence of the tensioning belt, the mustard rhizomes are limited to prevent them from swaying left and right. At the same time, the inclined gathering frame will gather the leaves hanging on the ground from bottom to top, thus completing the elastic gathering of the mustard, so as to facilitate the subsequent clamping and transportation. After the roots are cut, the mustard is output from the end of the clamping and conveying device and falls into the two elastic clamping rods of the flipping mechanism. Under the action of the gravity of the mustard, the mustard falls between the two elastic clamping rods and opens the elastic clamping rods. At this time, the elastic member is compressed, increasing the clamping force on the mustard, completing the clamping and compression of the mustard, and with the rotation of the flipping mechanism, the mustard also gradually completes the flipping with the rotation of the flipping mechanism. At the same time, the direction of the force of the mustard on the elastic clamping rod changes, and the clamping force weakens. Finally, when the flipping mechanism rotates 180°, the mustard slides from the clamping rod to the field, thus completing the flipping and laying of the mustard, and through the flipping structure, the mustard is inverted when it is laid on the ground, so that the moisture in the middle cannot be discharged during the drying process, and the drying effect is better.

Claims

1. A mustard harvesting and laying machine, characterized in that: include: The frame includes a support plate and a mounting frame connected to one end of the support plate, and a walking chassis is provided at the bottom of the support plate and the mounting frame, and the walking chassis is used to drive the whole machine to move; The elastic bundling device comprises a bundling frame and two pairs of tensioning wheel belt assemblies fixed on the bundling frame, wherein a mustard conveying channel is formed between the two pairs of tensioning wheel belt assemblies; A clamping conveying device, comprising a pair of conveying belts docked with the elastic contracting device; A pair of conveyor belts cooperate to clamp the mustard greens conveyed from the mustard greens conveying channel; the elastic contracting device and the clamping conveying device are obliquely arranged at the end of the mounting frame; A cutting device, installed at the bottom of the clamping and conveying device, used for cutting off the roots of mustard greens; The turning mechanism is fixed on the mounting frame and arranged between the frame and the clamping and conveying device. The turning mechanism includes a pair of circular turntables. The circular turntables are provided with elastic clamping rods. The spacing between the elastic clamping rods is adjustable. The mustard is turned over and laid on the ground during the rotation of the circular turntables.

2. The mustard harvesting and laying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic bundling device, the clamping and conveying device, the cutting device and the turning mechanism are matched with 2-4 sets.

3. The mustard harvesting and laying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each circular turntable includes a rotating shaft and a support plate passing through the rotating shaft. Support rods are arranged at intervals on the support plate. The ends of the support rods are connected to circular rings. Two elastic clamping rods are symmetrically arranged on the circular ring of the circular turntable. The mustard is clamped by the elastic clamping rods to be turned over.

4. The mustard harvesting and laying machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic clamping rod is an arc rod, and both ends of the elastic clamping rod are passed through the circular ring through a connecting rod, and an elastic piece is arranged on the connecting rod, and the elastic piece is used to adjust the width between the elastic clamping rods.

5. The mustard harvesting and laying machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A protruding structure is provided at the connection between the support rod and the circular ring. Two connecting holes are provided on the protruding structure for connecting an elastic clamping rod between any two adjacent support rods. The elastic clamping rod is arranged on the circular ring through the connecting rod passing through the connecting hole.

6. The mustard harvesting and spreading machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tensioning wheel belt group includes a pair of tensioning wheel assemblies with the same structure arranged front and back, and the tensioning wheel assembly includes a tensioning wheel body, a bracket connected to the tensioning wheel body, and the tightening frame includes a vertical connecting rod, and the connecting rod is passed through one end of the bracket away from the tensioning wheel body.

7. The mustard harvesting and spreading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic bundling device also includes two rows of roller bundles symmetrically arranged on the tensioning wheel belt, and the roller bundles include a plurality of rollable rollers.

8. The mustard harvesting and spreading machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of flexible arc coils are arranged at intervals on the conveyor belt of the clamping conveyor device.

9. The mustard harvesting and spreading machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two flipping mechanisms, and a motor for driving the flipping mechanisms to rotate is arranged between the two flipping mechanisms.

10. The mustard harvesting and spreading machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: There are two clamping and conveying devices, and the cutting device is arranged between the two clamping and conveying devices. The cutting device comprises a double-disc cutting knife, and the double-disc cutting knife can translate left and right.

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