High-strength durable cable and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cables, and particularly discloses a high-strength durable cable and a preparation method thereof. The high-strength durable cable comprises a core material, an insulating layer and a sheath layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the sheath layer is prepared from a sheath sizing material; the sheath sizing material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin; 15 to 25 parts of high density polyethylene; 5 to 10 parts of EVA; 10 to 15 parts of filler; 5-10 parts of an auxiliary agent; the filler comprises fly ash, hydrotalcite and calcium carbonate whiskers, and the fly ash is high-magnetism fly ash. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing the sheath; and S2, preparing the cable. The cable can be used in the fields of petrochemical engineering, transformer substations and the like, and has the advantages of high strength, pollution resistance, corrosion resistance and rat prevention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cables, and more specifically, to a high-strength and durable cable and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development of my country's petrochemical, communications, transportation, construction, electric power and other industries, in recent years, the demand for cables in power plants, substations, smelting, petrochemical and other industries has been huge, and at the same time, higher requirements have been put forward on the performance and quantity of cables. Therefore, the materials used to make cables have gradually become high-end, specialized and special.

[0003] Although there are many kinds of cables on the market, the performance of most cables is still not very ideal. During use, cables are more likely to be damaged by external force, friction, light aging, and corrosion. That is, cables are more likely to be damaged by external force or environmental factors, which shortens the service life of cables. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the defects of the cable being easily damaged and having a short service life, the present application provides a high-strength and durable cable and a preparation method thereof, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a high-strength and durable cable, comprising a bundled wire core and a sheath layer wrapped around the bundled wire core;

[0006] The sheath layer is prepared from a sheath rubber compound, and the sheath rubber compound includes the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0007] 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin;

[0008] High density polyethylene 15-25 parts;

[0009] EVA 5-10 parts;

[0010] 10-15 parts of filler;

[0011] 5-10 parts of additives;

[0012] The filler comprises fly ash, hydrotalcite and calcium carbonate whisker, and the fly ash is high-magnetic fly ash separated by magnetic separation.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, it is preferred to use high magnetic fly ash separated by magnetic separation, and the fly ash of the high magnetic part has regular spherical particles, which improves the dispersion effect of fly ash in the sheath material, so that the fly ash is evenly filled in the sheath material to improve the strength of the sheath material. Hydrotalcite has a unique interlayer structure, which enables the hydrotalcite and the sheath material to be stably combined. The introduction of calcium carbonate whiskers can not only introduce a filler network into the sheath material, break the agglomeration of each component in the filler, and improve the strength of the sheath material, but also can react chemically with the sheath material through the active groups on the surface to form a hydroxyl-vinyl chloride bond, which can improve the bonding effect between the filler and the sheath material substrate.

[0014] Through the combination of fly ash, hydrotalcite and calcium carbonate whiskers, a zero-dimensional-one-dimensional-two-dimensional filler network is formed in the filler, which can load each other, effectively reducing the possibility of agglomeration in the filler, and forming a stable reinforced filler network in the sheath material, so that the sheath material obtains better strength, thereby reducing the possibility of cable damage.

[0015] Optionally, the filler is a filler modified by a coupling agent.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution and modifying the filler with a coupling agent, the surface polarity of the filler can be effectively reduced, the active groups on the filler surface can be increased, the filler agglomeration can be reduced, and the bonding effect between the filler and the sheath material can be enhanced, thereby effectively improving the strength of the sheath material.

[0017] Optionally, capsaicin is loaded on the hydrotalcite.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, capsaicin is one of the active ingredients in peppers, which has the advantages of wide sources, non-toxicity, and pollution-free. As a derivative of vanillylamine (8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonanamide), capsaicin can produce a "burning sensation" and irritation effect in the mouth, nose and throat of mammals, that is, when mice gnaw on cables, capsaicin will produce a burning sensation and irritation effect in the mouth, nose and throat of mice, inhibiting mice from gnawing on cables. Using hydrotalcite to load capsaicin can make the cable material obtain an excellent rodent-proof effect, and can reduce the occurrence of cable sheath damage or short-circuit fire caused by mouse gnawing. Secondly, capsaicin has excellent antioxidant and antibacterial properties, which can make the cable material obtain an excellent antioxidant aging effect and extend the service life of the cable material.

[0019] Optionally, the capsaicin is grafted with acrylate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution and selecting acrylate to graft capsaicin, the adverse effect of capsaicin on the mechanical properties of the sheath material can be reduced, and the mechanical stability of the sheath material can be maintained. Secondly, acrylate can form a stable semi-interpenetrating network structure with PVC, further improving the binding effect between capsaicin and the sheath material, reducing the possibility of capsaicin migration, and enabling the cable to obtain stable antioxidant and rodent-proof effects. In addition, since capsaicin has excellent hydrophobicity, it can also enable the cable material to obtain a better hydrophobic effect, thereby hindering the retention time of corrosive liquids on the cable surface and improving the corrosion resistance of the cable.

[0021] Optionally, the preparation method of capsaicin is as follows: capsaicin, TEA and dichloromethane are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixed solution; AC is mixed with dichloromethane to obtain an intermediate solution; the intermediate solution is added to the mixed solution, the reaction is continued, filtered, washed, dried, purified, and rotary evaporated to obtain capsaicin.

[0022] Optionally, the calcium carbonate whiskers are loaded with graphite-phase carbon nitride.

[0023] By adopting the above technical scheme, graphite phase carbon nitride is a polymer with a graphite-like structure, has a unique interlayer structure, can form a shielding layer in the sheath material, effectively prolong the diffusion path of water molecules, chloride ions and oxygen in the sheath layer, thereby effectively improving the corrosion resistance of the sheath layer and prolonging the service life of the cable. Using calcium carbonate whiskers to load graphite phase carbon nitride can effectively reduce the possibility of graphite phase carbon nitride agglomeration, so that graphite phase carbon nitride is evenly dispersed in the sheath material under the drive of calcium carbonate whiskers, forming a uniform shielding layer in the sheath material, and can use its own unique interlayer structure to improve the bonding effect between calcium carbonate whiskers and sheath material, synergistically improve the corrosion resistance and mechanical strength of the sheath material. In addition, graphite phase carbon nitride also has better photocatalytic activity, can produce more photogenerated oxidative active substances, destroy bacterial cell structure, hinder bacteria from corroding the sheath material, and further improve the corrosion resistance of the sheath material.

[0024] Optionally, the graphite phase carbon nitride is graphite phase carbon nitride modified by chitosan.

[0025] By adopting the above technical scheme, firstly, chitosan has better antibacterial property and compatibility, which can make the sheath material obtain a certain antibacterial effect, that is, hinder bacteria from corroding the sheath material. Secondly, after chitosan modifies graphite phase carbon nitride, the oxygen-containing functional groups in the chitosan side groups can destroy the van der Waals force between the graphite phase carbon nitride particles, further improve the dispersion effect and interface compatibility of graphite phase carbon nitride in the sheath material, and make the sheath material obtain uniform barrier effect and anti-corrosion effect. In addition, chitosan can be introduced on the calcium carbonate whisker, and chitosan can increase the positive charge of the surface of the calcium carbonate whisker, improve the electrostatic repulsion of the calcium carbonate whisker itself, further hinder the agglomeration of the calcium carbonate whisker, and make the calcium carbonate whisker form a uniformly distributed fiber network in the sheath material.

[0026] Optionally, the preparation method of the calcium carbonate whisker is as follows: disperse the calcium carbonate whisker in water, add maleic anhydride, heat the reaction, filter, retain the solid, wash, dry to obtain a solid, disperse the solid in water, add chitosan-modified graphite phase carbon nitride, stir, filter, dry to obtain the calcium carbonate whisker.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, maleic anhydride is used to graft calcium carbonate whiskers, and maleic anhydride can dehydrate with chitosan to produce amide bonds, so that graphite phase carbon nitride can be firmly grafted to the calcium carbonate whiskers. In addition, by grafting calcium carbonate whiskers with maleic anhydride, the compatibility between calcium carbonate whiskers and sheath materials can be further improved, the possibility of calcium carbonate whisker migration can be reduced, and the calcium carbonate whiskers can be stabilized in the sheath material to form a fiber network.

[0028] Optionally, the auxiliary agent includes a flame retardant and a UV absorber, the flame retardant is selected from DOPO, and the UV absorber includes nano titanium dioxide and zinc oxide.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, DOPO is preferably used as a flame retardant. DOPO is a phosphorus-based flame retardant with excellent oxidizability, water resistance, flame retardancy and environmental compatibility. DOPO and capsaicin have excellent synergistic effects. DOPO can provide a source of phosphorus, and capsaicin can promote dispersion and carbonization, which can effectively improve the flame retardant effect of the sheath material. Nano titanium dioxide and zinc oxide are preferably used as ultraviolet absorbers, which can effectively improve the anti-ultraviolet effect of the sheath material, that is, improve the anti-light aging effect of the cable.

[0030] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a high-strength and durable cable, using the following technical solution:

[0031] A method for preparing a high-strength and durable cable comprises the following steps:

[0032] S1. Sheath preparation: polyvinyl chloride resin, high-density polyethylene, EVA, filler and additives are weighed respectively by weight, mixed, extruded and granulated to obtain a sheath material;

[0033] S2. Cable preparation: Add the composite masterbatch into the coating extruder, control the extrusion temperature to 210°C, melt-extrude the composite masterbatch and coat it on the surface of the bundled wire core, and form a wear-resistant sheath after cooling to obtain the cable.

[0034] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. Since the present application preferably uses high magnetic fly ash separated by magnetic separation, the fly ash of the high magnetic part has regular spherical particles, which improves the dispersion effect of fly ash in the sheath material, so that the fly ash is evenly filled in the sheath material to improve the strength of the sheath material. Through the combination of fly ash, hydrotalcite and calcium carbonate whiskers, a zero-dimensional-one-dimensional-two-dimensional filler network is formed in the filler, which can load each other, effectively reducing the possibility of agglomeration in the filler, forming a stable reinforcing filler network in the sheath material, so that the sheath material obtains better strength, thereby reducing the possibility of cable damage.

[0036] 2. In this application, hydrotalcite is preferably used to load capsaicin, which can make the cable material have excellent anti-rat effect and reduce the occurrence of cable sheath damage or short circuit fire caused by rats. Secondly, capsaicin has excellent antioxidant and antibacterial properties, which can make the cable material have excellent anti-oxidation and aging effect and extend the service life of the cable material.

[0037] 3. The present application uses acrylate to graft capsaicin, which can reduce the adverse effects of capsaicin on the mechanical properties of the sheath material and maintain the mechanical stability of the sheath material. Secondly, acrylate can form a stable semi-interpenetrating network structure with PVC, further improving the binding effect between capsaicin and the sheath material, reducing the possibility of capsaicin migration, and enabling the cable to obtain stable antioxidant and rodent-proof effects. In addition, since capsaicin has excellent hydrophobicity, it can also enable the cable material to obtain a better hydrophobic effect, thereby hindering the retention time of corrosive liquids on the cable surface and improving the corrosion resistance of the cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0039] Preparation Example

[0040] Fly ash preparation example

[0041] Preparation Example 1

[0042] The fly ash is mixed with water to obtain a fly ash solution with a mass fraction of 15%, and a magnetic rod with a magnetic induction intensity of 8000 Gs is used for magnetic separation, filtering, retaining solid matter, and drying to obtain magnetically separated fly ash.

[0043] Capsaicin Preparation Example

[0044] Preparation Example 2

[0045] 5 g of capsaicin, 3.73 g of TEA, and 30 mL of dichloromethane were mixed, and the mixture was stirred in an ice-water bath at 200 rpm and cooled to 2-4°C to obtain a mixed solution; 2.23 g of AC was mixed with 5 mL of dichloromethane to obtain an intermediate solution; the intermediate solution was added to the mixed solution, and the reaction was continued until room temperature for 24 hours, filtered, washed twice with a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, washed three times with water, dried, purified by column chromatography (the eluent was ethyl acetate and n-hexane), and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation to obtain grafted capsaicin.

[0046] Preparation Example of Hydrotalcite

[0047] Preparation Example 3

[0048] Take 0.2 g of hydrotalcite and disperse it in 200 mL of water, ultrasonically disperse it to obtain a dispersion, add 10 mL of capsaicin solution with a mass concentration of 20 mg / mL to the dispersion, stir, and ultrasonically disperse it for 30 minutes, add initiator BPO, the initiator concentration is 0.01 mol / L, continue stirring, filter, retain the solid, and dry to obtain hydrotalcite loaded with capsaicin.

[0049] Preparation Example 4

[0050] Take 0.2 g of hydrotalcite and disperse it in 200 mL of water, ultrasonically disperse it to obtain a dispersion, add 10 mL of the solution of grafted capsaicin prepared in Preparation Example 2 with a mass concentration of 20 mg / mL to the dispersion, stir, ultrasonically disperse for 30 minutes, add initiator BPO, the initiator concentration is 0.01 mol / L, continue stirring, filter, retain the solid, and dry to obtain hydrotalcite loaded with grafted capsaicin.

[0051] Preparation example of chitosan modified graphite phase carbon nitride

[0052] Preparation Example 5

[0053] Take 2g of chitosan and dissolve it in 96mL of ultrapure water to prepare a chitosan suspension, add 2g of acetic acid in portions, and stir magnetically for 24h until it becomes transparent to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass fraction of 2%. Take 0.1g of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheets and disperse them in ultrapure water to obtain a dispersion. Under ultrasonic conditions, add the chitosan solution dropwise to the dispersion, filter, and dry to obtain chitosan-modified graphite phase carbon nitride.

[0054] Calcium carbonate whisker preparation example

[0055] Preparation Example 6

[0056] 10 g of calcium carbonate whiskers were dispersed in 100 mL of water to obtain a dispersion, 5% of graphite phase carbon nitride was added to the dispersion, ultrasonically dispersed, stirred for 1 hour, filtered, the solid matter was retained, and dried to obtain calcium carbonate whiskers.

[0057] Preparation Example 7

[0058] Disperse 10 g of calcium carbonate whiskers in 100 mL of water, add 0.1% maleic anhydride, heat to 50°C and stir at 500 rpm for 1 h, filter, retain the solid, wash, and dry to obtain a solid, disperse the solid in water, add 5% of the chitosan-modified graphite phase carbon nitride prepared in Preparation Example 5, stir at 50°C and 500 rpm for 2 h, filter, and dry to obtain calcium carbonate whiskers.

[0059] Example

[0060] Examples 1-3

[0061] On the one hand, the present application provides a high-strength and durable cable, including a bundled wire core and a sheath layer wrapped around the bundled wire core, the sheath layer is prepared from a sheath rubber compound, and the sheath rubber compound includes polyvinyl chloride resin, high-density polyethylene, EVA, filler and additives. The specific quality is shown in the table below.

[0062] The polyvinyl chloride resin is Xinjiang Tianye SG-5 PVC; high-density polyethylene: HDPE with the brand DMDA-8008H from Suzhou Wenge Plastics Co., Ltd.; EVA: EVA with 32% VA content from DuPont of the United States; the filler includes fly ash, hydrotalcite and calcium carbonate whisker prepared in Preparation Example 1 in a mass ratio of 1:2:2. The additives include stearic acid (SA1801 type from Guangzhou Jinglong Technology Co., Ltd.) of equal weight, toughening agent MBS, antioxidant 1010, flame retardant BOPO and ultraviolet absorber, and the ultraviolet absorber includes nano titanium dioxide and nano zinc oxide of equal weight.

[0063] On the other hand, the present application provides a method for preparing a high-density phosphate-type positive electrode material, comprising the following steps:

[0064] S1. Sheath preparation: polyvinyl chloride resin, high-density polyethylene, EVA, filler and additives are weighed respectively by weight, mixed, extruded and granulated to obtain a sheath material;

[0065] S2. Cable preparation: Add the composite masterbatch into the coating extruder, control the extrusion temperature to 210°C, melt-extrude the composite masterbatch and coat it on the surface of the bundled wire core, and form a wear-resistant sheath after cooling to obtain the cable.

[0066] Table 1 Composition of sheath rubber materials in Examples 1-3

[0067] Weight / kg Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Polyvinyl chloride resin 100 100 100 High Density Polyethylene 15 20 25 EVA 5 8 10 filler 10 12 15 Additives 5 8 10

[0068] Example 4

[0069] The difference from Example 2 is that the fly ash, hydrotalcite and calcium carbonate whisker prepared in Preparation Example 1 are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:2 to obtain a filler, and the filler is impregnated in a titanate coupling agent, stirred, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a coupling agent modified filler. The same mass of the coupling agent modified filler is used to replace the filler in Example 2 to prepare the sheath layer.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] The difference from Example 2 is that the fly ash prepared in Preparation Example 1, the hydrotalcite prepared in Preparation Example 3 and the calcium carbonate whisker are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:2 to obtain a filler, and the filler is impregnated in a titanate coupling agent, stirred, filtered, washed and dried to obtain a coupling agent modified filler. The same mass of the coupling agent modified filler is used to replace the filler in Example 2 to prepare the sheath layer.

[0072] Example 6

[0073] The difference from Example 2 is that the fly ash prepared in Preparation Example 1, the hydrotalcite prepared in Preparation Example 4 and the calcium carbonate whisker are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:2 to obtain a filler, and the filler is impregnated in a titanate coupling agent, stirred, filtered, washed and dried to obtain a coupling agent modified filler. The same mass of the coupling agent modified filler is used to replace the filler in Example 2 to prepare the sheath layer.

[0074] Example 7

[0075] The difference from Example 2 is that the fly ash prepared in Preparation Example 1, the hydrotalcite prepared in Preparation Example 4, and the calcium carbonate whisker prepared in Preparation Example 6 are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:2 to obtain a filler, and the filler is impregnated in a titanate coupling agent, stirred, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a coupling agent modified filler. The same mass of the coupling agent modified filler is used to replace the filler in Example 2 to prepare a sheath layer.

[0076] Example 8

[0077] The difference from Example 2 is that the fly ash prepared in Preparation Example 1, the hydrotalcite prepared in Preparation Example 4, and the calcium carbonate whisker prepared in Preparation Example 7 are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:2 to obtain a filler, and the filler is impregnated in a titanate coupling agent, stirred, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain a coupling agent modified filler. The same mass of the coupling agent modified filler is used to replace the filler in Example 2 to prepare a sheath layer.

[0078] Example 9

[0079] The difference from Example 2 is that the fly ash prepared in Preparation Example 1, the hydrotalcite prepared in Preparation Example 4 and the calcium carbonate whisker prepared in Preparation Example 7 are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:2 to obtain a filler. The filler configured in this embodiment is used in place of the filler in Example 2 with the same mass to prepare the sheath layer.

[0080] Comparative Example

[0081] Comparative Example 1

[0082] The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that no calcium carbonate whiskers are added in this comparative example.

[0083] Comparative Example 2

[0084] The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that the fly ash in this comparative example is not separated by magnetic separation.

[0085] Performance testing

[0086] (1) Tensile strength test: Referring to GB / T 1040-2018 standard, dumbbell-shaped specimens with a width of 4 mm were made, the test temperature was 25 °C, the tensile rate was 20 mm / min, and the specimens were subjected to tensile tests.

[0087] (2) Corrosion resistance test: The samples were immersed in 20 wt % hydrochloric acid solution, 20 wt % sodium hydroxide solution and 20 wt % sodium chloride solution under the same conditions for 30 days, and the change rate of tensile strength was tested.

[0088] (3) Flame retardant performance test: The oxygen index is measured according to the method of GB / T 2406.2-2009 "Determination of combustion behavior of plastics by oxygen index method".

[0089] (4) Anti-ultraviolet aging performance test: Tested in accordance with ANSI / UL1581-2006 requirements.

[0090] Table 2 Performance test

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] The limiting oxygen index of the sheath layer in Example 2 is 33.5%, and the limiting oxygen index of the sheath layer in Example 6 is 37.9%. The ultraviolet aging oxygen index (720h) of the sheath layer in Example 2 is 32%, and the ultraviolet aging oxygen index (720h) of the sheath layer in Example 7 is 36%.

[0094] The above tests show that capsaicin and flame retardants have a synergistic flame retardant effect, which can effectively improve the flame retardant effect of cables. Graphite phase carbon nitride and ultraviolet absorbers have a synergistic anti-ultraviolet effect, which enables cables to obtain better anti-light aging effects and effectively prolong the service life of cables.

[0095] Combining the performance test comparison in Table 2, we can find that:

[0096] 1. By comparing Examples 1-3 with Comparative Examples 1-2, it can be found that the tensile strength and corrosion resistance of the cables prepared in Examples 1-3 are improved, which means that in the present application, by combining fly ash, hydrotalcite and calcium carbonate whiskers, a zero-dimensional-one-dimensional-two-dimensional filler network is formed in the filler, which can load each other, effectively reducing the possibility of agglomeration in the filler, and forming a stable reinforced filler network in the sheath material, so that the sheath material obtains better strength, thereby reducing the possibility of cable damage.

[0097] 2. By comparing Example 4, Example 9 and Example 2, it can be found that the tensile strength and corrosion resistance of the cable prepared in Example 4 are improved, which means that the use of a coupling agent to modify the filler in the present application can effectively reduce the surface polarity of the filler, increase the active groups on the filler surface, reduce filler agglomeration, and enhance the bonding effect between the filler and the sheath material, thereby effectively improving the strength of the sheath material.

[0098] 3. By comparing Examples 5-6 with Example 2, it can be found that the tensile strength and corrosion resistance of the cables prepared in Examples 5-6 are improved, which shows that the use of acrylate grafted capsaicin in this application can reduce the adverse effects of capsaicin on the mechanical properties of the sheath material and maintain the mechanical stability of the sheath material. Secondly, acrylate can form a stable semi-interpenetrating network structure with PVC, further improving the binding effect between capsaicin and the sheath material, reducing the possibility of capsaicin migration, and enabling the cable to obtain stable antioxidant and rodent-proof effects. In addition, since capsaicin has excellent hydrophobicity, it can also enable the cable material to obtain a better hydrophobic effect, thereby hindering the retention time of corrosive liquids on the cable surface and improving the corrosion resistance of the cable.

[0099] 4. By comparing Examples 7-8 with Example 2, it can be found that the tensile strength and corrosion resistance of the cables prepared in Examples 7-8 are improved, which shows that in the present application, chitosan has better antibacterial properties and compatibility, which can make the sheath material obtain a certain antibacterial effect, that is, hinder bacteria from corroding the sheath material. Secondly, after chitosan modifies the graphite phase carbon nitride, the oxygen-containing functional groups in the chitosan side groups can destroy the van der Waals force between the graphite phase carbon nitride particles, further improve the dispersion effect and interface compatibility of the graphite phase carbon nitride in the sheath material, and make the sheath material obtain a uniform barrier effect and anti-corrosion effect. In addition, chitosan can be introduced on the calcium carbonate whisker, and chitosan can increase the positive charge of the surface of the calcium carbonate whisker, improve the electrostatic repulsion of the calcium carbonate whisker itself, and further hinder the agglomeration of the calcium carbonate whisker, so that the calcium carbonate whisker forms a uniformly distributed fiber network in the sheath material.

[0100] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation of the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications to the present embodiment without any creative contribution as needed, but such modifications are protected by the patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-strength and durable cable, characterized in that: It includes a bundled wire core and a sheath layer wrapped outside the bundled wire core; The sheath layer is prepared from a sheath rubber compound, and the sheath rubber compound includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin; High density polyethylene 15-25 parts; EVA 5-10 parts; 10-15 parts of filler; 5-10 parts of additives; The filler comprises fly ash, hydrotalcite and calcium carbonate whisker, and the fly ash is high-magnetic fly ash separated by magnetic separation.

2. A high-strength and durable cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler is a filler modified by a coupling agent.

3. A high-strength and durable cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: Capsaicin is loaded on the hydrotalcite.

4. A high-strength and durable cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The capsaicin is grafted with acrylate.

5. A high-strength and durable cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of capsaicin is as follows: capsaicin, TEA and dichloromethane are mixed and stirred to obtain a mixed solution; AC is mixed with dichloromethane to obtain an intermediate solution; the intermediate solution is added to the mixed solution, the reaction is continued, filtered, washed, dried, purified, and rotary evaporated to obtain capsaicin.

6. A high-strength and durable cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calcium carbonate whiskers are loaded with graphite phase carbon nitride.

7. A high-strength and durable cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The graphite phase carbon nitride is graphite phase carbon nitride modified by chitosan.

8. A high-strength and durable cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method of the calcium carbonate whisker is as follows: dispersing the calcium carbonate whisker in water, adding maleic anhydride, heating to react, filtering, retaining solid matter, washing, drying to obtain solid matter, dispersing the solid matter in water, adding chitosan-modified graphite phase carbon nitride, stirring, filtering, drying to obtain the calcium carbonate whisker.

9. A high-strength and durable cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary agent comprises a flame retardant and an ultraviolet absorber, the flame retardant is selected from DOPO, and the ultraviolet absorber comprises nano titanium dioxide and zinc oxide.

10. A method for preparing a high-strength durable cable according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Sheath preparation: polyvinyl chloride resin, high-density polyethylene, EVA, filler and additives are weighed respectively by weight, mixed, extruded and granulated to obtain a sheath material; S2. Cable preparation: Add the composite masterbatch into the coating extruder, control the extrusion temperature to 210°C, melt-extrude the composite masterbatch and coat it on the surface of the bundled wire core, and form a wear-resistant sheath after cooling to obtain the cable.

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