Composite material and preparation method thereof
By forming an active material layer containing adsorption materials and alkaline polysaccharide materials on the surface of the carbon fiber, the problem of difficulty in adhesion between the carbon fiber and the resin is solved, and the mechanical properties of the composite material are significantly improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510174759.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-13
AI Technical Summary
The smooth surface and chemical inertia of carbon fibers hinder interface adhesion with resin matrix, limiting their use in high-end applications.
An active material layer is formed on the surface of the carbon fiber, which includes an adsorption material and an alkaline polysaccharide material to enhance the binding properties of the carbon fiber and the resin.
By increasing the roughness of the surface of carbon fiber and improving its activity and wettability, mechanical interlocking and chemical bond formation between carbon fiber and resin are promoted, and the mechanical properties of the composite are significantly enhanced.
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Figure CN119978725A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of composite materials, and in particular to a composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] As a high-strength, low-density, high-specific modulus fiber-reinforced material, carbon fiber has become an important reinforcing material in high-end application fields due to its good wear resistance, heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance. Among them, carbon fiber resin-based composites have gradually been used in aerospace, new energy, advanced equipment manufacturing and other high-tech industries. However, the smooth surface and chemical inertness of carbon fiber hinder the interfacial adhesion with the resin matrix, which limits its application. In order to solve this problem, the surface of carbon fiber has been modified. Traditional modification methods include chemical vapor deposition, chemical grafting, plasma treatment, electrophoretic deposition, etc. However, a single modification method is difficult to meet the requirements of the mechanical properties of composite materials, and is accompanied by varying degrees of weakening of the fiber body properties. Summary of the invention
[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the related art, the present disclosure provides a composite material and a preparation method thereof.
[0004] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a composite material is provided, comprising carbon fiber and a resin composition, wherein an active material layer is provided on the surface of the carbon fiber to enhance the bonding performance between the carbon fiber and the resin; the active material layer comprises an adsorption material and an alkaline polysaccharide material.
[0005] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the adsorption material is adsorbed on the surface of the carbon fiber, and the alkaline polysaccharide material is embedded in the surface of the adsorption material away from the carbon fiber.
[0006] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the ratio of the depth of the alkaline polysaccharide material embedded in the active material layer to the thickness of the active material layer is 0.1:1-0.5:1.
[0007] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the mass ratio of the alkaline polysaccharide material to the adsorption material is 1:1-5.3:1.
[0008] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the adsorption material includes metal oxides, and the alkaline polysaccharide material includes chitosan.
[0009] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for preparing a composite material is provided. The method is used to prepare the composite material as described above, and the method comprises:
[0010] An active material layer is formed on the surface of the carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber reinforcement; the active material layer includes an adsorption material and an alkaline polysaccharide material;
[0011] The carbon fiber reinforcement is placed in a molding die, and the resin composition is poured into the molding die in a vacuum infusion molding manner and molded to obtain the composite material.
[0012] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the step of forming an active material layer on the surface of the carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber reinforcement comprises:
[0013] The carbon fiber is subjected to a first treatment to adsorb an adsorbent material on the surface of the carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber including the adsorbent material;
[0014] The carbon fiber including the adsorption material is subjected to a second treatment so as to embed the basic polysaccharide material on the surface of the adsorption material away from the carbon fiber to form the carbon fiber reinforcement.
[0015] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the adsorption material includes a metal oxide;
[0016] The step of subjecting the carbon fiber to a first treatment and adsorbing an adsorption material on the surface of the carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber including the adsorption material comprises:
[0017] The carbon fiber is placed in a potassium permanganate solution of a first preset concentration and reacted under a first preset condition to adsorb the metal oxide on the surface of the carbon fiber to form the carbon fiber including the adsorption material.
[0018] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the alkaline polysaccharide material includes chitosan;
[0019] The step of subjecting the carbon fiber including the adsorption material to a second treatment so as to embed the alkaline polysaccharide material on the surface of the adsorption material away from the carbon fiber to form the carbon fiber reinforcement comprises:
[0020] The carbon fiber including the adsorption material is placed in a chitosan solution of a second preset concentration, and reacted under second preset conditions to embed the chitosan on the surface of the adsorption material away from the carbon fiber to form the carbon fiber reinforcement.
[0021] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the first preset concentration is 1.5-4.5 mmol / L;
[0022] The first preset condition includes: the first preset temperature is 110-160 degrees Celsius, and the first preset time is 0.5-4.5 hours;
[0023] The second preset concentration is 0.95-1.04 g / L;
[0024] The second preset condition includes: the second preset temperature is 20-30 degrees Celsius, and the second preset time is 30-60 minutes.
[0025] The beneficial effects of the present disclosure include but are not limited to: the composite material provided by the present disclosure includes carbon fiber and a resin composition, an active material layer is provided on the surface of the carbon fiber, the active material layer includes an adsorbent material and an alkaline polysaccharide material, and the active material layer can increase the roughness of the carbon fiber surface and promote the formation of mechanical interlocking between the carbon fiber and the resin. In addition, the adsorbent material and the alkaline polysaccharide material surface in the active material layer contain rich functional groups, which can not only improve the activity and wettability of the carbon fiber surface, but also form chemical bonds with the resin, effectively enhancing the interface interaction between the carbon fiber and the resin, so that the composite material has good mechanical properties.
[0026] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] The accompanying drawings incorporated into the specification and constituting a part of the specification illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and are used together with the description to explain the principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure. In these drawings, similar reference numerals are used to represent similar elements. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all embodiments. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0028] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of a method for preparing a composite material according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a scanning electron microscope photograph of an initial untreated carbon fiber according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a scanning electron microscope photograph of a carbon fiber having a "brick-mortar" structure active material layer on the surface according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram comparing the interlaminar shear strength and bending strength of the composite material obtained in Example 1 of an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and the composite material obtained in Comparative Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solution of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described in combination with the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.
[0033] Carbon fiber resin-based composites have been gradually applied in aerospace, new energy, advanced equipment manufacturing and other high-tech industries. However, the smooth surface and chemical inertness of carbon fiber hinder the interfacial adhesion with the resin matrix, which limits its application. In order to solve this problem, the surface of carbon fiber has been modified. Traditional modification methods include chemical vapor deposition, chemical grafting, plasma treatment, electrophoretic deposition, etc. However, a single modification method is difficult to meet the requirements of the mechanical properties of composite materials, and is accompanied by varying degrees of weakening of the fiber body properties.
[0034] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a composite material, which includes carbon fiber and a resin composition, an active material layer is provided on the surface of the carbon fiber, the active material layer includes an adsorbent material and an alkaline polysaccharide material, and the active material layer can increase the roughness of the carbon fiber surface and promote the formation of mechanical interlocking between the carbon fiber and the resin. In addition, the adsorbent material and the alkaline polysaccharide material surface in the active material layer contain rich functional groups, which can not only improve the activity and wettability of the carbon fiber surface, but also form chemical bonds with the resin, effectively enhance the interface interaction between the carbon fiber and the resin, so that the composite material has good mechanical properties.
[0035] An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a composite material, for example, a carbon fiber-resin-based composite material, the composite material includes carbon fiber and a resin composition, an active material layer is provided on the surface of the carbon fiber to enhance the bonding performance of the carbon fiber and the resin, and the active material layer includes an adsorbent material and an alkaline polysaccharide material. Among them, the active material layer can increase the roughness of the carbon fiber surface and promote the formation of mechanical interlocking between the carbon fiber and the resin. In addition, the adsorbent material and the alkaline polysaccharide material surface in the active material layer contain rich functional groups, which can not only improve the activity and wettability of the carbon fiber surface, but also form chemical bonds with the resin, effectively enhancing the interface interaction between the carbon fiber and the resin, so that the composite material has good mechanical properties.
[0036] Illustratively, the resin composition may include a resin and a curing agent, and the resin may be an epoxy resin.
[0037] In an exemplary embodiment, the adsorption material is adsorbed on the surface of the carbon fiber, and the alkaline polysaccharide material is embedded in the surface of the adsorption material away from the carbon fiber.
[0038] In this embodiment, the adsorbent material is adsorbed on the surface of the carbon fiber, and the alkaline polysaccharide material is embedded in the surface of the adsorbent material away from the carbon fiber. For example, the alkaline polysaccharide material is partially embedded inside the side of the adsorbent material away from the carbon fiber, and is also partially attached to the surface of the side of the adsorbent material away from the carbon fiber. The adsorbent material and the alkaline polysaccharide material are used as "bricks" and "mortar" to construct a "brick-mortar" imitation pearl layer structure on the surface of the carbon fiber. On the one hand, the "brick-mortar" imitation pearl layer structure increases the roughness of the carbon fiber surface and promotes the formation of mechanical interlocking between the carbon fiber and the resin. On the other hand, the "brick-mortar" imitation pearl layer structure can absorb more fracture energy, making stress transfer more effective.
[0039] In an exemplary embodiment, the adsorbent material may be a metal oxide. First, the metal oxide is adsorbed onto the surface of the carbon fiber in the form of nanoparticles, increasing the surface roughness and specific surface area of the carbon fiber, thereby improving the wettability between the carbon fiber and the resin. Second, the metal oxide has surface active hydroxyl groups, so a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups can be formed on its surface, which can improve the surface activity of the carbon fiber.
[0040] In an exemplary embodiment, the metal oxide may be, for example, MnO 2 、TiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 、ZnO、ZrO 2 、CeO 2 SnO 2 , MgO and CuO. The basic polysaccharide material includes chitosan.
[0041] In this embodiment, metal oxide is adsorbed on the surface of carbon fiber as an adsorption material, chitosan is embedded in the surface of metal oxide away from carbon fiber as an alkaline polysaccharide material, and metal oxide and chitosan are respectively used as "bricks" and "mortar" to construct a "brick-mortar" imitation pearl layer structure on the surface of carbon fiber. On the one hand, the "brick-mortar" imitation pearl layer structure increases the roughness of the carbon fiber surface and promotes the formation of mechanical interlocking between carbon fiber and resin. On the other hand, the "brick-mortar" imitation pearl layer structure can absorb more fracture energy, making stress transfer more effective.
[0042] In an exemplary embodiment, the ratio of the depth of the alkaline polysaccharide material embedded in the active material layer to the thickness of the active material layer is 0.1:1-0.5:1.
[0043] In this embodiment, an active material layer is provided on the surface of the carbon fiber, and the active material layer includes an adsorbent material and an alkaline polysaccharide material. The adsorbent material is adsorbed on the surface of the carbon fiber, and the alkaline polysaccharide material is embedded in the surface of the adsorbent material away from the carbon fiber to form an active material layer. The ratio of the depth of the alkaline polysaccharide material embedded in the active material layer to the thickness of the active material layer can be 0.1:1-0.5:1. Within this thickness ratio range, the alkaline polysaccharide material is embedded in the surface of the adsorbent material away from the carbon fiber to form an active material layer. The active material layer increases the roughness of the carbon fiber surface, promotes the formation of mechanical interlocking between the carbon fiber and the resin, and the active material layer can absorb more fracture energy, making stress transfer more effective.
[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, the mass ratio of the alkaline polysaccharide material to the adsorption material is 1:1-5.3:1.
[0045] In this embodiment, an active material layer is provided on the surface of the carbon fiber, and the active material layer includes an adsorbent material and an alkaline polysaccharide material. The adsorbent material is adsorbed on the surface of the carbon fiber, and the alkaline polysaccharide material is embedded in the surface of the adsorbent material away from the carbon fiber to form an active material layer. The mass ratio of the alkaline polysaccharide material to the adsorbent material can be 1:1-5.3:1. Within this mass ratio range, the alkaline polysaccharide material is embedded in the surface of the adsorbent material away from the carbon fiber to form an active material layer. The active material layer increases the roughness of the carbon fiber surface, promotes the formation of mechanical interlocking between the carbon fiber and the resin, and the active material layer can absorb more fracture energy, making stress transfer more effective.
[0046] An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a composite material, wherein the method is used to prepare the composite material as above. Figure 1 As shown, the preparation method comprises:
[0047] S100, forming an active material layer on the surface of the carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber reinforcement; the active material layer includes an adsorption material and an alkaline polysaccharide material.
[0048] S200, placing the carbon fiber reinforcement in a molding die, pouring the resin composition into the molding die by vacuum infusion molding and molding, to obtain a composite material.
[0049] The preparation method of the composite material provided in the present embodiment forms an active material layer on the surface of the carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber reinforcement. The carbon fiber reinforcement is then placed in a molding mold, and the resin composition is poured into the molding mold and molded in a vacuum infusion molding manner. The preparation method is simple and low in cost, and provides a promising strategy for preparing a carbon fiber resin composite material with excellent performance. In addition, the composite material prepared by the preparation method is provided with an active material layer on the surface of the carbon fiber, and the active material layer includes an adsorbent material and an alkaline polysaccharide material, and the active material layer can increase the roughness of the carbon fiber surface and promote the formation of mechanical interlocking between the carbon fiber and the resin. In addition, the adsorbent material and the alkaline polysaccharide material surface in the active material layer contain rich functional groups, which can not only improve the activity and wettability of the carbon fiber surface, but also form chemical bonds with the resin, effectively enhancing the interface interaction between the carbon fiber and the resin. Therefore, the setting of the active material layer can enhance the interface interaction between the carbon fiber and the resin, so that the composite material has good mechanical properties.
[0050] In an exemplary embodiment, the resin composition may include a resin and a curing agent, the resin may be an epoxy resin, such as E51 epoxy resin, and the curing agent may be diethylenetriamine, and the mass ratio of the resin to the curing agent may be 100:9.8-100:11.9.
[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, the resin composition is poured into a molding mold by vacuum infusion molding and molded. The resin composition can be poured into a molding mold by vacuum infusion molding, first cured at a temperature of 85-95 degrees Celsius for 1.5-2.5 hours, and then cured at a temperature of 115-125 degrees Celsius for 1.5-2.5 hours.
[0052] In an exemplary embodiment, before the active material layer is formed on the surface of the carbon fiber, the method for preparing the composite material may also include: soaking the carbon fiber in acetone for 48-72 hours to remove the sizing agent on the surface of the carbon fiber, and then repeatedly washing and drying the carbon fiber soaked in acetone with deionized water. For example, after rinsing with deionized water 3-5 times, it is placed in an oven at 60-80 degrees Celsius and dried for 12 hours.
[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, forming an active material layer on the surface of carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber reinforcement includes:
[0054] S101, performing a first treatment on the carbon fiber to adsorb an adsorption material on the surface of the carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber including the adsorption material.
[0055] S102, subjecting the carbon fiber including the adsorption material to a second treatment, so as to embed the alkaline polysaccharide material on the surface of the adsorption material away from the carbon fiber, so as to form a carbon fiber reinforcement.
[0056] In this embodiment, the carbon fiber is subjected to a first treatment, an adsorbent material is adsorbed on the surface of the carbon fiber, and then the carbon fiber including the adsorbent material is subjected to a second treatment, so that an alkaline polysaccharide material is embedded on the surface of the adsorbent material away from the carbon fiber, thereby forming an active material layer on the surface of the carbon fiber. Among them, the adsorbent material and the alkaline polysaccharide material in the active material layer are used as "bricks" and "mortar" to construct a "brick-mortar" imitation pearl layer structure on the surface of the carbon fiber, respectively. On the one hand, the "brick-mortar" imitation pearl layer structure increases the roughness of the carbon fiber surface and promotes the formation of mechanical interlocking between the carbon fiber and the resin. On the other hand, the "brick-mortar" imitation pearl layer structure can absorb more fracture energy, making stress transfer more effective.
[0057] In an exemplary embodiment, the adsorption material includes metal oxides. The carbon fiber is subjected to a first treatment to adsorb the adsorption material on the surface of the carbon fiber to form the carbon fiber including the adsorption material, including: placing the carbon fiber in a potassium permanganate solution of a first preset concentration, reacting under first preset conditions to adsorb the metal oxide on the surface of the carbon fiber to form the carbon fiber including the adsorption material.
[0058] In this embodiment, the carbon fiber is placed in a potassium permanganate solution of a first preset concentration, and a hydrothermal reaction is performed under the first preset conditions. After the reaction is completed, the carbon fiber is cooled to room temperature, rinsed with deionized water for 3-5 times, and then placed in a 60-80 degree Celsius oven for 12 hours to form a carbon fiber with metal oxide adsorbed on the surface. The surface of the metal oxide contains abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, which can not only improve the activity and wettability of the carbon fiber surface, but also form chemical bonds with the resin, effectively enhancing the interface interaction between the carbon fiber and the resin.
[0059] In an exemplary embodiment, the first preset concentration is 1.5-4.5 mmol / L, and the first preset conditions include: the first preset temperature is 110-160 degrees Celsius, and the first preset time is 0.5-4.5 hours.
[0060] In this embodiment, the carbon fiber is placed in a 1.5-4.5mmol / L potassium permanganate solution, and a hydrothermal reaction is performed for a first preset time of 0.5-4.5 hours at a first preset temperature of 110-160 degrees Celsius, for example, a first preset temperature of 110 degrees Celsius, 120 degrees Celsius, 140 degrees Celsius or 160 degrees Celsius. For example, a hydrothermal reaction of 0.5 hours, 1.0 hours, 2.0 hours, 3.5 hours or 4.5 hours can be performed. The first preset temperature can also be any value between the exemplary first preset temperatures, for example, the first preset temperature can also be any value between 120-140 degrees Celsius. The first preset duration can also be any value between the exemplary first preset durations, for example, the first preset duration can also be any value between 1.0 hours and 3.5 hours. After the reaction is completed, the carbon fiber is cooled to room temperature, rinsed with deionized water 3-5 times, and then placed in a 60-80 degree Celsius oven for 12 hours to form a carbon fiber with metal oxide adsorbed on the surface. The surface of metal oxides contains abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, which can not only improve the activity and wettability of the carbon fiber surface, but also form chemical bonds with the resin, effectively enhancing the interfacial interaction between the carbon fiber and the resin.
[0061] In an exemplary embodiment, the alkaline polysaccharide material includes chitosan. The carbon fiber including the adsorbent material is subjected to a second treatment to embed the alkaline polysaccharide material on the surface of the adsorbent material away from the carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber reinforcement, including: placing the carbon fiber including the adsorbent material in a chitosan solution of a second preset concentration, reacting under second preset conditions to embed chitosan on the surface of the adsorbent material away from the carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber reinforcement.
[0062] In this embodiment, the carbon fiber including the metal oxide of the adsorbent material is placed in a chitosan solution of a second preset concentration, and a self-assembly reaction is carried out under the second preset conditions. After the reaction is completed, the carbon fiber is rinsed with deionized water for 3-5 times, and then placed in a 60-80 degree Celsius oven for drying for 12 hours, so that the carbon fiber with chitosan embedded on the surface of the adsorbent material away from the carbon fiber is formed, that is, a carbon fiber reinforcement is formed. The surface of chitosan contains rich functional groups, which can not only improve the activity and wettability of the carbon fiber surface, but also form chemical bonds with the resin, effectively enhancing the interface interaction between the carbon fiber and the resin.
[0063] In an exemplary embodiment, the second preset concentration is 0.95-1.04 g / L, and the second preset conditions include: the second preset temperature is 20-30 degrees Celsius, and the second preset time is 30-60 minutes.
[0064] In the present embodiment, the carbon fiber including the metal oxide of the adsorbent material is placed in a chitosan solution of 0.95-1.04 g / L, and at a second preset temperature of 20-30 degrees Celsius, for example, a second preset temperature of 20 degrees Celsius, 25 degrees Celsius or 30 degrees Celsius, a self-assembly reaction of a second preset time length of 30-60 minutes is performed, for example, a hydrothermal reaction of 30 minutes, 40 minutes, 50 minutes or 60 minutes can be performed. The second preset temperature can also be any numerical value between the exemplary second preset temperatures, for example, the second preset temperature can also be any numerical value between 20 degrees Celsius and 22-28 degrees Celsius. The second preset duration can also be any numerical value between the exemplary second preset duration, for example, the second preset duration can also be any numerical value between 40-50 minutes. After the reaction is completed, the carbon fiber is rinsed 3-5 times with deionized water, and then placed in a 60-80 degree Celsius oven for drying for 12 hours to form a carbon fiber with chitosan embedded on the surface of the adsorbent material away from the carbon fiber, that is, a carbon fiber reinforcement is formed. The surface of chitosan contains abundant functional groups, which can not only improve the activity and wettability of the carbon fiber surface, but also form chemical bonds with the resin, effectively enhancing the interfacial interaction between the carbon fiber and the resin.
[0065] The chitosan solution can be prepared by dissolving chitosan in 2% CH 3 For example, to prepare a 1.0 g / L chitosan solution, 1 g of chitosan can be dissolved in 1 liter of 2% CH 3 Prepared in COOH solution.
[0066] In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present disclosure, a specific example of a method for preparing a composite material provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure is given below to prepare the composite material provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0067] Example 1
[0068] Soak the carbon fiber in acetone for 48-72 hours. After removing the sizing agent on the surface of the carbon fiber, rinse the carbon fiber with deionized water for 3-5 times and then dry it in an oven at 60-80 degrees Celsius for 12 hours.
[0069] The carbon fiber with the sizing agent removed and the prepared potassium permanganate solution with a concentration of 1.5-4.5mmol / L are placed in a polytetrafluoroethylene-lined stainless steel autoclave for hydrothermal reaction. The hydrothermal reaction conditions are heating temperature of 110-160 degrees Celsius and reaction time of 0.5-4.5 hours. After the reaction is completed, after the reactor is cooled to room temperature, the carbon fiber is rinsed with deionized water for 3-5 times, and then placed in a 60-80 degrees Celsius oven for drying for 12 hours to obtain carbon fiber with manganese dioxide grown on the surface.
[0070] The carbon fiber with manganese dioxide grown on the surface is placed in a 0.95-1.04 g / L chitosan solution at 20-30 degrees Celsius for a self-assembly reaction for 30-60 minutes. After the reaction is completed, the carbon fiber is rinsed with deionized water for 3-5 times and then placed in an oven at 60-80 degrees Celsius for 12 hours to obtain a carbon fiber with a "brick-mortar" structure active material layer on the surface, i.e., a carbon fiber reinforcement.
[0071] The carbon fiber with a "brick-mortar" structure active material layer on the surface is placed in a molding mold, and a vacuum infusion molding process is used. After the release cloth and the guide net are placed in sequence, the molding mold is sealed with a vacuum bag. Then, the resin composition (the mass ratio of E51 epoxy resin to diethylenetriamine is 100:9.8-100:11.9) is poured into the molding mold, mixed with the carbon fiber reinforcement, and fully impregnated under vacuum conditions. Finally, it is cured at 85-95 degrees Celsius and 115-125 degrees Celsius for 1.5-2.5 hours to obtain a composite material.
[0072] The following is a table showing a method for preparing the composite material provided by the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a comparison between the composite material example provided by the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and the composite material of Comparative Example 1, and interlaminar shear strength and flexural strength tests of the composite materials of the example and Comparative Example 1.
[0073] Table 1
[0074]
[0075] The composite material of Comparative Example 1 was prepared by the following method:
[0076] The carbon fiber cloth was cut into a size of 80×80 mm, soaked in acetone for 48-72 hours to remove the sizing agent on the surface of the carbon fiber cloth, and then rinsed with deionized water for 3-5 times, and then placed in an oven at 60-80 degrees Celsius to dry for 12 hours.
[0077] Nine layers of carbon fiber cloth after removing the sizing agent were placed in the molding mold. The release cloth and the guide net were placed in sequence using a vacuum infusion molding process, and the molding mold was sealed with a vacuum bag. Then, the resin composition (the mass ratio of E51 epoxy resin to diethylenetriamine was 100:10.8) was poured into the molding mold, mixed with the carbon fiber cloth, and fully impregnated under vacuum conditions. Finally, it was cured at 90 degrees Celsius and 120 degrees Celsius for 2 hours respectively to obtain a composite material.
[0078] The carbon fibers that were not treated initially and the carbon fibers with the active material layer of the "brick-mortar" structure on the surface in Example 1 were photographed under a scanning electron microscope, respectively. Figure 2 The scanning electron micrographs of the initial untreated carbon fibers shown in FIG. Figure 3The scanning electron microscope image of a carbon fiber with a "brick-mortar" structured active material layer on the surface is shown. Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the surface of the carbon fiber with the "brick-mortar" structure active material layer is obviously rough.
[0079] The interlaminar shear strength and flexural strength of the composite material of Example 1, which has the lowest mechanical properties among the embodiments, are compared with the composite material of Comparative Example 1. The comparison results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The y-axis on the left side represents the interlaminar shear strength (MPa), and the y-axis on the right side represents the bending strength (MPa). In the bar graphs of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1, the bar graph on the left side represents the interlaminar shear strength (MPa), and the bar graph on the right side represents the bending strength (MPa). Figure 4 It can be seen that the composite material obtained in Example 1, due to the construction of an active material layer with a "brick-mortar" structure on the surface of the carbon fiber, increases the roughness of the carbon fiber surface and promotes the formation of mechanical interlocking between the carbon fiber and the resin. In addition, the adsorbent material and the alkaline polysaccharide material surface in the active material layer contain rich functional groups, which can not only improve the activity and wettability of the carbon fiber surface, but also form chemical bonds with the resin, effectively enhancing the interfacial interaction between the carbon fiber and the resin. Therefore, even the interlaminar shear strength and bending strength of the composite material obtained in Example 1, which has the lowest mechanical properties among the embodiments, are far superior to the composite material made by directly infusing the carbon fiber cloth with resin in Comparative Example 1.
[0080] The contents described above may be implemented individually or in combination in various ways, and these variations are all within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
[0081] Finally, it should be noted that in this article, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.
[0082] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than to limit them. Although the present disclosure is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A composite material, characterized in that: The composite material comprises carbon fiber and a resin composition. An active material layer is arranged on the surface of the carbon fiber to enhance the bonding performance between the carbon fiber and the resin. The active material layer comprises an adsorption material and an alkaline polysaccharide material.
2. The composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that The adsorption material is adsorbed on the surface of the carbon fiber, and the alkaline polysaccharide material is embedded in the surface of the adsorption material away from the carbon fiber.
3. The composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that The ratio of the depth of the alkaline polysaccharide material embedded in the active material layer to the thickness of the active material layer is 0.1:1-0.5:
1.
4. The composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the alkaline polysaccharide material to the adsorption material is 1:1-5.3:
1.
5. The composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The adsorption material includes metal oxides, and the alkaline polysaccharide material includes chitosan.
6. A method for preparing a composite material, characterized in that: The preparation method is used to prepare the composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the preparation method comprises: An active material layer is formed on the surface of the carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber reinforcement; the active material layer includes an adsorption material and an alkaline polysaccharide material; The carbon fiber reinforcement is placed in a molding die, and the resin composition is poured into the molding die in a vacuum infusion molding manner and molded to obtain the composite material.
7. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of forming an active material layer on the surface of the carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber reinforcement comprises: The carbon fiber is subjected to a first treatment to adsorb an adsorbent material on the surface of the carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber including the adsorbent material; The carbon fiber including the adsorption material is subjected to a second treatment so as to embed the basic polysaccharide material on the surface of the adsorption material away from the carbon fiber to form the carbon fiber reinforcement.
8. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adsorbent material includes a metal oxide; The step of subjecting the carbon fiber to a first treatment and adsorbing an adsorption material on the surface of the carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber including the adsorption material comprises: The carbon fiber is placed in a potassium permanganate solution of a first preset concentration and reacted under a first preset condition to adsorb the metal oxide on the surface of the carbon fiber to form the carbon fiber including the adsorption material.
9. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The alkaline polysaccharide material includes chitosan; The step of subjecting the carbon fiber including the adsorption material to a second treatment so as to embed the alkaline polysaccharide material on the surface of the adsorption material away from the carbon fiber to form the carbon fiber reinforcement comprises: The carbon fiber including the adsorption material is placed in a chitosan solution of a second preset concentration, and reacted under second preset conditions to embed the chitosan on the surface of the adsorption material away from the carbon fiber to form the carbon fiber reinforcement.
10. The method for preparing a composite material according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first preset concentration is 1.5-4.5mmol / L; The first preset condition includes: the first preset temperature is 110-160 degrees Celsius, and the first preset time is 0.5-4.5 hours; The second preset concentration is 0.95-1.04 g / L; The second preset condition includes: the second preset temperature is 20-30 degrees Celsius, and the second preset time is 30-60 minutes.