Photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with an antistatic function and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of self-cleaning coatings. Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120-140 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, 13-21 parts of carbon nanotubes, 5-15 parts of an anti-aging agent, 3-7 parts of an anti-hydrolysis agent, 4-9 parts of a dispersing agent and 20-30 parts of water. The coating prepared by the invention takes polytetrafluoroethylene as a matrix, so that the coating is endowed with excellent self-cleaning performance; the carbon nanotubes are introduced into the raw materials, so that the coating is endowed with excellent antistatic performance; the anti-aging agent is synthesized through two-step reaction, and molecules of the anti-aging agent contain functional groups, so that the anti-aging performance of the coating is improved, and the self-cleaning performance of the coating is further improved; therefore, the coating prepared by the invention has excellent self-cleaning, anti-aging and antistatic properties, and has important application value in the technical field of self-cleaning coatings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of self-cleaning coatings, and in particular, relates to a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing exhaustion of energy and the deterioration of the environment, governments around the world have increasingly higher requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction, resulting in more and more attention being paid to the field of new energy. In the field of new energy, solar energy is a green, pollution-free and inexhaustible energy source. Compared with other energy sources, solar energy is universal in most areas of the earth and can be used locally. The use of solar energy is mainly based on the principle of photovoltaic effect, also known as photovoltaic effect, using solar cells to directly convert sunlight energy into electrical energy. Photovoltaic equipment is used in the production of silicon materials, silicon wafer processing, solar cell wafers, and the production of components, as well as the construction of corresponding pure water preparation, environmental protection treatment, purification projects, and testing equipment and simulators corresponding to the photovoltaic industry chain. The development scale and development prospects are broad.

[0003] In order to protect the internal structure of solar cells, tempered glass panels are installed on the surface. Some solar cell power plants in remote areas cannot frequently clean the surface of solar cells due to lack of manpower and fresh water, which will lead to a decrease in the efficiency of solar cells.

[0004] Hydrophobic coating has a lower surface free energy, can reduce the adhesion of pollutants such as dust in the air, and can be washed away by rainwater to remove surface pollutants, so it is considered to be one of the main ways to reduce dust accumulation. Among them, super-hydrophobic materials generally refer to materials with a static water contact angle greater than 150° and a rolling angle less than 10°. On the surface of this material, water droplets cannot spread and keep a spherical rolling shape, thereby achieving a rolling self-cleaning effect. At present, although super-hydrophobic materials have been developed to a certain extent, solar cell glass panels have particularly strict requirements for anti-static, so super-hydrophobic materials are still difficult to apply to solar cell glass panels. And because solar cells are installed outdoors, ordinary hydrophobic coatings are exposed to sunlight for a long time, and are prone to aging and yellowing, which limits their application. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the above problems to meet the higher demands in the field of self-cleaning coating technology. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for preparing a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1, mixing polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, carbon nanotubes, an anti-aging agent, an anti-hydrolysis agent, a dispersant and water in a mixer to obtain a coating;

[0009] Step 2: Place the solar panel horizontally, drip the coating obtained in step 1 onto the solar panel, apply 1 mL per square decimeter, and quickly and evenly apply it with a non-woven fabric; then place the solar panel at an angle to drain off excess emulsion, and finally transfer the solar panel to an oven for heating. After taking it out, a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function is formed on the solar panel.

[0010] Furthermore, the raw materials are calculated in parts by weight as follows: 120-140 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, 13-21 parts of carbon nanotubes, 5-15 parts of anti-aging agent, 3-7 parts of anti-hydrolysis agent, 4-9 parts of dispersant, and 20-30 parts of water.

[0011] Furthermore, the anti-hydrolysis agent is one of carbodiimide and polycarbodiimide.

[0012] Furthermore, the dispersant is one of paraffin and stearic acid.

[0013] Furthermore, the rotation speed of the mixer is 300-400 rpm, and the time is 10-20 min.

[0014] Furthermore, the oven is heated at a temperature of 80-90° C. for 3-5 hours.

[0015] The coating is based on polytetrafluoroethylene, which has excellent hydrophobicity and corrosion resistance, giving the coating excellent self-cleaning properties; the introduction of carbon nanotubes into the raw materials gives the coating excellent antistatic properties, and as the water evaporates, the film becomes transparent.

[0016] Furthermore, the anti-aging agent is prepared by the following steps:

[0017] A1. Add cyanuric chloride and toluene to a three-necked flask equipped with a thermometer and a stirring device, mix and stir continuously, then add aluminum chloride and resorcinol in sequence, place the device in a water bath, maintain the temperature at 65°C, stir and react for 7 hours, the reaction is completed, filter, distill under reduced pressure, wash with anhydrous ethanol 2-3 times, and dry in an oven to obtain an intermediate product; the ratio of cyanuric chloride, toluene, resorcinol, and aluminum chloride is 19.4g:100mL:21.9g:5.3g;

[0018] Under the catalysis of aluminum chloride, 1 mol of cyanuric chloride and 2 mol of resorcinol undergo alkylation reaction to obtain an intermediate product; the specific reaction process is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] A2, the intermediate product, dihydroxyethyl sulfide, triethylamine and tetrahydrofuran were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a thermometer and a stirring device, the reaction temperature was controlled to be 60 ° C, stirring was continued during the reaction, and the reaction was kept warm for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, part of the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and then purified by column chromatography (the eluent was a mixed solvent of benzene / ethyl acetate, and the volume ratio of the two was 4:1), the eluent was removed by rotary evaporation, and dried to obtain an antioxidant; the ratio of the amount of the intermediate product, dihydroxyethyl sulfide, triethylamine, and tetrahydrofuran was 68.1g:12.2g:30mL:200mL;

[0021] Under the catalysis of triethylamine, 1 mol of dihydroxyethyl sulfide and 2 mol of the intermediate product undergo SN nucleophilic substitution reaction to obtain an antioxidant; the specific reaction process is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] The prepared anti-aging agent molecule contains a triazine structure, and the triazine structure is connected to three ortho-hydroxyphenyl groups, and belongs to a triazine ultraviolet absorber. After absorbing ultraviolet rays of a specific wavelength, the hydrogen of the hydrogen bond in the molecule and the carbonyl oxygen or the nitrogen atom on the triazine ring form a chelate ring. When the stabilizer absorbs ultraviolet light energy, thermal vibration occurs, the hydrogen bond breaks, the chelate ring opens, and the absorbed ultraviolet energy is converted into harmless heat energy or other energy forms and released, which can greatly enhance the anti-aging performance of the substrate; not only that, the anti-aging agent molecule also contains a thioester structure. The sulfur atom in the thioester has a high electron density and can effectively capture free radicals (such as alkoxy free radicals, peroxy free radicals, etc.), thereby interrupting the free radical chain reaction, and can synergize with the anti-aging agent to greatly enhance the anti-aging performance of the substrate; finally, the anti-aging agent molecule contains a benzene ring structure, which can improve the hydrophobicity of the substrate and thereby enhance the self-cleaning property of the coating.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] 1. The coating prepared by the present invention is based on polytetrafluoroethylene, which gives the coating excellent self-cleaning performance;

[0026] 2. The introduction of carbon nanotubes into the raw materials gives the coating excellent antistatic properties;

[0027] 3. The anti-aging agent is synthesized through a two-step reaction. The anti-aging agent molecules contain functional groups, which not only improve the anti-aging performance of the coating, but also further improve the self-cleaning performance of the coating;

[0028] Therefore, the coating prepared by the present invention has excellent self-cleaning, anti-aging and antistatic properties, and has important application value in the field of self-cleaning coating technology. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] Preparation of anti-aging agent:

[0032] A1. Add 19.4 g of cyanuric chloride and 100 mL of toluene to a three-necked flask equipped with a thermometer and a stirring device, mix and stir continuously, then add 21.9 g of aluminum chloride and 5.3 g of resorcinol in sequence, place the device in a water bath, maintain the temperature at 65 ° C, stir and react for 7 hours, the reaction is completed, filter, distill under reduced pressure, wash twice with anhydrous ethanol, and dry in an oven to obtain an intermediate product;

[0033] A2. Add 68.1 g of the intermediate product, 12.2 g of dihydroxyethyl sulfide, 30 mL of triethylamine and 200 mL of tetrahydrofuran to a three-necked flask equipped with a thermometer and a stirring device, control the reaction temperature to 60 ° C, stir continuously during the reaction, and keep the reaction warm for 8 hours. After the reaction is completed, part of the solvent is removed by rotary evaporation, and then purified by column chromatography (the eluent is a mixed solvent of benzene / ethyl acetate, and the volume ratio of the two is 4:1), the eluent is removed by rotary evaporation, and dried to obtain an antioxidant.

[0034] Embodiment 2

[0035] Preparation of anti-aging agent:

[0036] A1. Add 38.8 g of cyanuric chloride and 200 mL of toluene to a three-necked flask equipped with a thermometer and a stirring device, mix and stir continuously, then add 43.8 g of aluminum chloride and 10.6 g of resorcinol in sequence, place the device in a water bath, maintain the temperature at 65 ° C, stir and react for 7 hours, the reaction is completed, filter, distill under reduced pressure, wash twice with anhydrous ethanol, and dry in an oven to obtain an intermediate product;

[0037] A2. 136.2 g of the intermediate product, 24.4 g of dihydroxyethyl sulfide, 60 mL of triethylamine and 400 mL of tetrahydrofuran were added to a three-necked flask equipped with a thermometer and a stirring device, the reaction temperature was controlled to 60 ° C, stirring was continued during the reaction, and the reaction was kept warm for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, part of the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and then purified by column chromatography (the eluent was a mixed solvent of benzene / ethyl acetate, and the volume ratio of the two was 4:1), the eluent was removed by rotary evaporation, and dried to obtain an antioxidant.

[0038] Embodiment 3

[0039] Step 1: 120 g of polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, 13 g of carbon nanotubes, 5 g of the anti-aging agent prepared in Example 1, 3 g of an anti-hydrolysis agent, 4 g of a dispersant and 20 g of water were mixed in a mixer at 300 rpm for 10 min to obtain a coating;

[0040] Step 2: Place the solar panel horizontally, drip the coating obtained in step 1 onto the solar panel, apply 1 mL per square decimeter, and quickly and evenly apply it with a non-woven fabric; then place the solar panel at an angle to drain off excess emulsion, and finally transfer the solar panel to an oven at 80°C and heat for 3 hours. After taking it out, a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function is formed on the solar panel.

[0041] Embodiment 4

[0042] Step 1: 130 g of polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, 17 g of carbon nanotubes, 10 g of the anti-aging agent prepared in Example 2, 5 g of an anti-hydrolysis agent, 6 g of a dispersant and 25 g of water were mixed in a mixer at 400 rpm for 20 min to obtain a coating;

[0043] Step 2: Place the solar panel horizontally, drip the coating obtained in step 1 onto the solar panel, apply 1 mL per square decimeter, and quickly and evenly apply it with a non-woven fabric; then place the solar panel at an angle to drain off excess emulsion, and finally transfer the solar panel to a 90°C oven and heat it for 5 hours. After taking it out, a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function is formed on the solar panel.

[0044] Embodiment 5

[0045] Step 1: 140 g of polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, 21 g of carbon nanotubes, 15 g of the anti-aging agent prepared in Example 2, 7 g of an anti-hydrolysis agent, 9 g of a dispersant and 30 g of water were mixed in a mixer at 400 rpm for 20 min to obtain a coating;

[0046] Step 2: Place the solar panel horizontally, drip the coating obtained in step 1 onto the solar panel, apply 1 mL per square decimeter, and quickly and evenly apply it with a non-woven fabric; then place the solar panel at an angle to drain off excess emulsion, and finally transfer the solar panel to a 90°C oven and heat it for 5 hours. After taking it out, a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function is formed on the solar panel.

[0047] Comparative Example 1

[0048] A commercially available hindered phenol antioxidant was used to replace the antioxidant in Example 5, and the remaining steps were the same as in Example 5 to prepare a coating.

[0049] Comparative Example 2

[0050] Use commercially available polytetrafluoroethylene coatings.

[0051] Embodiments 3, 4, 5, and comparative examples 1 and 2 were made into corresponding shapes to be tested according to different test standards, and the following performance tests were performed:

[0052] Adopt national standard GB / T 1720-1989 to measure adhesion;

[0053] The national standard GB / T 9274-1988 is used to determine the acid and alkali resistance;

[0054] The anti-ultraviolet performance is measured according to the national standard GB / T 1865-2009 and rated according to the GB / T 1766 standard;

[0055] The contact angle of the sample was measured using a contact angle meter;

[0056] The surface resistance of the samples was measured using ST-3 (SIMCO Co., Japan);

[0057] The measured results are shown in the following table:

[0058]

[0059]

[0060] It can be seen from the above table that the coating prepared in the embodiment of the present invention has a contact angle and anti-aging performance higher than that of the comparative example, and has excellent antistatic performance. Therefore, the present invention has important application value in the field of self-cleaning coating technology.

[0061] In the description of the specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0062] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, mixing polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, carbon nanotubes, an anti-aging agent, an anti-hydrolysis agent, a dispersant and water in a mixer to obtain a coating; Step 2: Place the solar panel horizontally, drip the coating obtained in step 1 onto the solar panel, and quickly and evenly apply it with a non-woven fabric; then place the solar panel at an angle to drain off excess emulsion, and finally transfer the solar panel to an oven for heating. After taking it out, a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function is formed on the solar panel.

2. The method for preparing a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw materials are calculated in parts by weight as follows: 120-140 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, 13-21 parts of carbon nanotubes, 5-15 parts of anti-aging agent, 3-7 parts of anti-hydrolysis agent, 4-9 parts of dispersant, and 20-30 parts of water.

3. The method for preparing a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-hydrolysis agent is one of carbodiimide and polycarbodiimide.

4. The method for preparing a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersant is one of paraffin and stearic acid.

5. The method for preparing a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating speed of the mixer is 300-400 rpm, and the mixing time is 10-20 min.

6. The method for preparing a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oven is heated at 80-90°C for 3-5 hours.

7. The method for preparing a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-aging agent is prepared by the following steps: A1. Add cyanuric chloride and toluene into a three-necked flask, mix and stir continuously, then add aluminum chloride and resorcinol in sequence, stir and react at 65°C for 7 hours, the reaction is complete, filter, distill under reduced pressure, wash, and dry in an oven to obtain an intermediate product; A2. Add the intermediate product, dihydroxyethyl sulfide, triethylamine and tetrahydrofuran into a three-necked flask, control the reaction temperature to 60°C, stir continuously during the reaction, and keep the reaction warm for 8 hours. After the reaction is completed, perform rotary evaporation, purify by column chromatography, rotary evaporation, and dry to obtain an antioxidant.

8. The method for preparing a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step A1, the ratio of cyanuric chloride, toluene, resorcinol and aluminum chloride is 19.4 g:100 mL:21.9 g:5.3 g.

9. The method for preparing a photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step A2, the ratio of the intermediate product, dihydroxyethyl sulfide, triethylamine and tetrahydrofuran is 68.1 g:12.2 g:30 mL:200 mL.

10. A photovoltaic self-cleaning coating with antistatic function, characterized in that: Prepared according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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