Solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel condensation

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel condensation, and relates to the technical field of carbonization furnaces, the solar biomass carbonization device comprises a bottom rotating platform, a mounting bracket is mounted at the upper end of the bottom rotating platform, and a carbonization furnace bracket and a plurality of Fresnel condensation lens bodies are mounted on the mounting bracket; a carbonization furnace body is mounted at the upper end of the carbonization furnace bracket, a plurality of Fresnel condenser bodies are distributed on two sides of the carbonization furnace body, the Fresnel condenser bodies are used for focusing sunlight onto the carbonization furnace body, and the bottom rotating platform is electrically connected with a controller. Sunlight can be focused on the carbonization furnace body through the Fresnel condenser body, heat needed by carbonization reaction is provided for the carbonization furnace body, and energy consumption is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of carbonization furnaces, and in particular to a solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration. Background Art

[0002] Biochar is a porous material formed by pyrolysis of biomass in an oxygen-deficient environment. It has the functions of improving soil fertility and water body restoration. In recent years, it has been gradually applied to the adsorption and storage of carbon dioxide and is one of the key raw materials for achieving carbon neutrality. my country produces a large amount of biomass resources with good shapes such as corn cobs, willow branches and walnut shells, as well as biomass molded fuels every year, which are ideal resources for producing biochar.

[0003] Biomass carbonization furnace is the main equipment for producing biochar. The current biomass carbonization furnaces include: 1. Laboratory biochar carbonization furnace, the main structure includes a furnace base, a furnace box, a combustion chamber and a door. A carbonization barrel is fixed inside the furnace base, and an inner support plate is fixed inside the furnace box outside the carbonization barrel. By filling the water storage chamber with cold water, the carbonization barrel can be cooled after carbonization to speed up the cooling speed. 2. Continuous carbonization furnace, the raw materials enter the furnace through a spiral feeder, first receive preliminary heating in the preheating zone, and then undergo high-temperature pyrolysis in the carbonization zone to remove impurities such as moisture and volatiles to form biochar.

[0004] However, no matter which carbonization furnace structure is used, the existing carbonization furnace for biochar production requires external input of heating heat, so the energy loss is relatively high.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for a novel solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and effectively reduce energy consumption.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The invention discloses a solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration, comprising a bottom rotating platform, a mounting bracket is installed on the upper end of the bottom rotating platform, a carbonization furnace bracket and a plurality of Fresnel concentrator bodies are installed on the mounting bracket, a carbonization furnace body is installed on the upper end of the carbonization furnace bracket, a plurality of Fresnel concentrator bodies are distributed on both sides of the carbonization furnace body, the Fresnel concentrator body is used to focus sunlight onto the carbonization furnace body, and the bottom rotating platform is electrically connected to a controller.

[0009] Preferably, a rotating motor is fixed on the outer side wall of the carbonization furnace body, the output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is located inside the carbonization furnace body, and a rotating member is provided on the rotating shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating member is a rotating box.

[0011] Preferably, a chimney and a feed port are provided at the upper end of the carbonization furnace body.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a power supply device, which includes a solar photovoltaic panel and a battery. The solar photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the battery, and the bottom rotating platform and the controller are both electrically connected to the battery.

[0013] Preferably, a thermocouple thermometer is provided in the carbonization furnace body, and the thermocouple thermometer is electrically connected to the controller.

[0014] Preferably, a heat-insulating layer is provided on the outer side of the carbonization furnace body, and the heat-insulating layer is filled with ceramic particles.

[0015] Preferably, a heat absorbing coating is provided on the outer side of the thermal insulation layer.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom rotating platform comprises an outer-tooth slewing support and an outer ring driving motor, the mounting bracket is fixed to the outer ring of the outer-tooth slewing support, the output shaft of the outer ring driving motor is provided with an outer-tooth driving gear, and the outer-tooth driving gear is meshed with the outer ring of the outer-tooth slewing support;

[0017] Alternatively, the bottom rotating platform includes an internal gear rotating support and an inner ring driving motor, the mounting bracket is fixed on the outer ring of the internal gear rotating support, the inner ring driving motor is fixed on the mounting bracket, and the output shaft of the inner ring driving motor is provided with an internal gear driving gear, and the internal gear driving gear is meshed with the inner ring of the internal gear rotating support.

[0018] Preferably, a sunlight tracking sensor is provided on the mounting bracket or the carbonization furnace body, and the sunlight tracking sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0020] The present invention can focus sunlight onto the carbonization furnace body through the Fresnel condenser body, providing the carbonization furnace body with heat required for the carbonization reaction, so there is no need to burn other fuels, thereby reducing energy consumption, and pollutant emissions will also be reduced accordingly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentrator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 The positional relationship between the carbonization furnace body and the Fresnel concentrator body in the solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentrator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] In the figure: 1- bottom rotating platform; 2- mounting bracket; 3- carbonization furnace bracket; 4- carbonization furnace body; 5- Fresnel condenser body; 6- chimney; 7- feed inlet; 8- rotating motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and effectively reduce energy consumption.

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel focusing, including a bottom rotating platform 1, a mounting bracket 2 is installed on the upper end of the bottom rotating platform 1, and the bottom rotating platform 1 is used to drive the mounting bracket 2 and various parts on the mounting bracket 2 to rotate. A carbonization furnace bracket 3 and a plurality of Fresnel condenser bodies 5 are installed on the mounting bracket 2, and a carbonization furnace body 4 is installed on the upper end of the carbonization furnace bracket 3. The two are an integrated structure, and the carbonization furnace bracket 3 and the bottom mounting bracket 2 form an inverted T-shaped frame. A plurality of Fresnel condenser bodies 5 are evenly distributed on both sides of the carbonization furnace body 4, and the Fresnel condenser body 5 is tilted. The function of the Fresnel condenser body 5 is to focus sunlight onto the carbonization furnace body 4. The bottom rotating platform 1 is electrically connected to the controller, and its specific operation is controlled by the controller. The controller can use the existing AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer controller.

[0029] In actual use, sunlight will be reflected by the Fresnel condenser body 5 and concentrated onto the carbonization furnace body 4 to provide heat for the carbonization furnace body 4 .

[0030] In this embodiment, the positional relationship between the carbonization furnace body 4 and the Fresnel condenser lens body 5 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the calculation formula of the tracking angle of the Fresnel condenser body 5 is:

[0031] Where n = 1, 2, 3, ...;

[0032] Where n = 1, 2, 3, ...;

[0033] The meanings of the above letters are as follows: n is the number of the Fresnel condenser body 5, increasing from the middle to both sides; β ln is the inclination angle of the nth mirror row located on the left side of the carbonization furnace body 4; β rn are the inclination angles of the nth mirror row on the right side of the carbonization furnace body 4; H is the vertical distance between the center of the mirror surface of the Fresnel focusing mirror body 5 and the carbonization furnace body 4; Q n is the distance between the nth mirror row and the collector center; α is the incident angle of sunlight.

[0034] In this embodiment, a rotating motor 8 is fixed to the outer wall of the carbonization furnace body 4 by screws, and the rotating motor 8 is electrically connected to the controller. The output shaft of the rotating motor 8 passes through the side wall of the carbonization furnace body 4 and is connected to a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is located inside the carbonization furnace body 4, and a plurality of rotating parts are provided on the rotating shaft. When the rotating motor 8 is started, the rotating motor 8 can drive the rotating parts to rotate through the rotating shaft.

[0035] In this embodiment, the rotating member is a rotating box with an opening, and the biomass can be placed in the rotating box. When the rotating motor 8 drives the rotating box to rotate, the biomass can be fully turned in the rotating box, so that it is heated more evenly and the reaction rate is accelerated. The reason for setting the rotating box is to avoid excessive damage to the biomass by sharp blades.

[0036] Alternatively, those skilled in the art may also provide a stirring shaft on the side wall of the rotating shaft (ie, another form of a rotating member). Of course, the stirring shaft preferably does not have a sharp rod-like structure to avoid damaging the biomass that needs to be stirred.

[0037] In this embodiment, the upper end of the carbonization furnace body 4 is provided with a chimney 6 and a feed port 7, wherein the feed port 7 is used to put in biomass, and the chimney 6 is used to discharge pyrolysis gas. It should be noted that plugs or covers are required at both the feed port 7 and the chimney 6. When it is necessary to add biomass raw materials to the carbonization furnace body 4, the plug or cover of the feed port 7 can be opened, and it can be closed after the feeding work is completed. Of course, before the biomass raw materials are introduced, the biomass raw materials must first be impregnated or ground and mixed with chemical agents (activators). When the biomass raw materials are heated in the carbonization furnace body 4, the chimney 6 and the feed port 7 need to be blocked at the same time. When the carbonization reaction in the carbonization furnace body 4 is completed, the plug or cover at the chimney 6 can be opened to discharge the pyrolysis gas.

[0038] In this embodiment, a power supply device is also included. The power supply device can be fixed on the mounting bracket 2. The power supply device includes a solar photovoltaic panel and a battery. The solar photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the battery. The solar photovoltaic panel is used to convert light energy into electrical energy and store it in the battery. The bottom rotating platform 1 and the controller are both electrically connected to the battery, thereby providing electrical energy for the bottom rotating platform 1 and the controller.

[0039] In this embodiment, a thermocouple thermometer is provided in the carbonization furnace body 4, and the thermocouple thermometer is electrically connected to the controller. The thermocouple thermometer is used to monitor the temperature in the carbonization furnace body 4 in real time, and transmit the corresponding temperature data to the controller, which is convenient for remote monitoring by the staff.

[0040] In this embodiment, in the design process of the carbonization furnace body 4, the insulation design is a key part. A good insulation design can ensure the thermal efficiency of the equipment and improve the quality of the product. Therefore, an insulation layer is provided on the outside of the carbonization furnace body 4. The insulation layer can be understood as a sandwich structure provided on the outside of the carbonization furnace body 4. The insulation layer is filled with ceramic particles with low thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance, which helps to improve the thermal efficiency of the equipment and reduce energy consumption and operating costs.

[0041] In this embodiment, a black heat absorbing coating is provided on the outside of the insulation layer to better absorb sunlight and increase internal heat, and the absorbed heat can be stored in the insulation layer. The material of the heat absorbing coating includes but is not limited to the existing black chrome coating or black nickel coating.

[0042] In this embodiment, the bottom rotating platform 1 includes an existing external gear slewing support and an outer ring driving motor, wherein a gear ring is provided on the outer side of the outer ring of the external gear slewing support. The mounting bracket 2 is fixed to the outer ring of the external gear slewing support by bolts, and the output shaft of the outer ring driving motor is provided with an external gear driving gear, which meshes with the outer ring gear of the external gear slewing support, and the inner ring of the external gear slewing support is fixed to the ground or a support plate or a support platform by bolts. When the outer ring driving motor is running, the outer ring of the external gear slewing support is driven to rotate through the external gear driving gear, and finally the mounting bracket 2 is rotated.

[0043] Alternatively, the bottom rotating platform 1 includes an inner gear slewing support and an inner ring driving motor, the inner side of the inner ring of the inner gear slewing support is provided with a gear ring, and the inner ring of the inner gear slewing support is fixed to the ground or a support plate or a support platform by bolts. The mounting bracket 2 is fixed to the outer ring of the inner gear slewing support by bolts, and the inner ring driving motor is fixed to the mounting bracket 2. The output shaft of the inner ring driving motor is provided with an inner gear driving gear, and the inner gear driving gear is meshed with the inner ring of the inner gear slewing support. When the inner gear driving motor is running, it will drive the inner gear driving gear to rotate. Since the inner gear driving gear is meshed with the inner ring of the inner gear slewing support, and the inner ring of the inner ring slewing support will not move, the inner gear driving motor will eventually drive the mounting bracket 2 and the outer ring of the inner ring slewing support to rotate under the reaction force.

[0044] No matter which of the above structures is adopted by the bottom rotating platform 1, it can drive the mounting bracket 2 to rotate, thereby adjusting the angle of each Fresnel concentrator body 5 so that it can reflect and focus more sunlight onto the carbonization furnace body 4.

[0045] Furthermore, an encoder is installed on the main shaft of the external gear drive motor or the internal gear drive motor, and the encoder is electrically connected to the controller.

[0046] In this embodiment, a sunlight tracking sensor is provided on the mounting bracket 2 or the carbonization furnace body 4, which is an existing sensor component, and the sunlight tracking sensor is electrically connected to the controller. Based on the date and time information provided by the clock provided by the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer, the expected position of the solar photovoltaic panel is calculated, and compared with the current position provided by the encoder, and then a control signal is output to control the operation of the external gear drive motor or the internal gear drive motor, so that the solar photovoltaic panel and the Fresnel concentrator body 5 move to the optimal sun irradiation point to achieve tracking. When the solar photovoltaic panel or the Fresnel concentrator body 5 has a position error, the sunlight tracking sensor will make corrections, thereby improving the tracking accuracy and tracking various changes in real time.

[0047] In this embodiment, the carbonization furnace body 4 is also connected to a nitrogen delivery pipe, a delivery pump is provided on the nitrogen delivery pipe, and the other end of the nitrogen delivery pipe is connected to a nitrogen source, and the nitrogen source can be an existing nitrogen tank. Nitrogen is delivered to the carbonization furnace body 4 through the nitrogen tank and the nitrogen delivery pipe, and the air inside the carbonization furnace body 4 is discharged, so that the inside of the carbonization furnace body 4 presents an oxygen-free environment, which is convenient for the carbonization reaction of the raw materials.

[0048] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentrator, characterized in that: It includes a bottom rotating platform, a mounting bracket is installed on the upper end of the bottom rotating platform, a carbonization furnace bracket and a plurality of Fresnel condenser bodies are installed on the mounting bracket, a carbonization furnace body is installed on the upper end of the carbonization furnace bracket, a plurality of Fresnel condenser bodies are distributed on both sides of the carbonization furnace body, the Fresnel condenser body is used to focus sunlight onto the carbonization furnace body, and the bottom rotating platform is electrically connected to the controller.

2. The solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A rotating motor is fixed on the outer side wall of the carbonization furnace body, an output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is located inside the carbonization furnace body, and a rotating member is arranged on the rotating shaft.

3. The solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rotating member is a rotating box body.

4. The solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper end of the carbonization furnace body is provided with a chimney and a feed port.

5. The solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a power supply device, which includes a solar photovoltaic panel and a battery. The solar photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the battery, and the bottom rotating platform and the controller are both electrically connected to the battery.

6. The solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A thermocouple thermometer is arranged in the carbonization furnace body, and the thermocouple thermometer is electrically connected to the controller.

7. The solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A heat-insulating layer is arranged on the outer side of the carbonization furnace body, and ceramic particles are filled in the heat-insulating layer.

8. The solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A heat absorbing coating is arranged on the outer side of the thermal insulation layer.

9. The solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom rotating platform comprises an outer gear slewing support and an outer ring driving motor, the mounting bracket is fixed to the outer ring of the outer gear slewing support, the output shaft of the outer ring driving motor is provided with an outer gear driving gear, and the outer gear driving gear is meshed with the outer ring of the outer gear slewing support; Alternatively, the bottom rotating platform includes an internal gear rotating support and an inner ring driving motor, the mounting bracket is fixed on the outer ring of the internal gear rotating support, the inner ring driving motor is fixed on the mounting bracket, and the output shaft of the inner ring driving motor is provided with an internal gear driving gear, and the internal gear driving gear is meshed with the inner ring of the internal gear rotating support.

10. The solar biomass carbonization device based on Fresnel concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sunlight tracking sensor is provided on the mounting bracket or the carbonization furnace body, and the sunlight tracking sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

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