A building roof thermal insulation system and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a building roof thermal insulation system and its construction method. The thermal insulation system includes a roof structure, an overhead thermal insulation structure, and a monitoring and control module. By integrating dynamic dimming glass panels and photovoltaic panels into a dual-functional layer structure, it meets the heat insulation requirements in summer when the daylight intensity is too high, the heat preservation requirements at night in winter, and the demand for using solar radiant heat for indoor heating during the day in winter. The construction method includes roof pretreatment, installation of overhead supports, installation of photovoltaic panels, installation of glass panels, installation of ventilation components, deployment of the monitoring and control module, and system function verification. The prefabricated and assembled construction methods of the overhead supports, dynamic dimming glass panels, and photovoltaic panels improve the construction efficiency and quality and meet the environmental protection requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of roofing covering isolation facilities, and particularly relates to a building roof heat insulation system and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of the building's exterior envelope structure, the heat insulation performance of the roof directly affects building energy consumption. In summer, the heat insulation layer can effectively reduce the transfer of solar radiant heat, block the heat conduction into the room, and reduce the frequency of air conditioner use; in winter, the heat insulation layer reduces heat loss, maintains a stable indoor temperature, and enhances living comfort. In addition, the roof heat insulation layer can reduce the structural deformation and cracks caused by the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors, and extend its service life.

[0003] Traditional building roof heat insulation layers usually use thermal resistance materials such as rock wool and polyurethane. These materials have the following defects during long-term use: 1) The reflectivity of the materials is insufficient, which is prone to heat accumulation under solar radiation in summer, and the heat is conducted into the room through the roof structure; 2) The solar radiant heat cannot be actively utilized for indoor heating during the day in winter; 3) Traditional roof heat insulation materials are prone to aging, which leads to the attenuation of the thermal resistance performance.

[0004] Taking the overhead heat insulation layer as an example of the traditional building roof heat insulation structure, the sun's direct radiation is blocked by the heat insulation board, and the heat is carried away by the air flow under the heat insulation board, so as to achieve the roof heat insulation effect. However, in actual applications, the application of the overhead heat insulation layer is restricted due to disadvantages such as poor heat insulation effect caused by insufficient overhead height, poor air fluidity due to dependence on natural ventilation, and ineffective heat preservation in winter.

[0005] When using a photovoltaic panel as the heat insulation board of the overhead heat insulation layer, it has the function of generating electricity, and the reflectivity of the photovoltaic panel itself is high, which can reflect part of the sunlight to avoid excessive heat absorption. In addition, compared with traditional thermal resistance materials such as rock wool and polyurethane, the photovoltaic panel dissipates heat faster at night, which can avoid excessive heat accumulation on the roof. However, the overhead heat insulation layer using photovoltaic panels also has disadvantages such as ineffective heat preservation in winter, and is prone to overload operation and damage of the photovoltaic panel when the solar radiation intensity is large in summer; in addition, the surface of the photovoltaic panel is prone to accumulate pollutants such as dust and bird droppings, which will lead to a significant decrease in reflectivity, heat insulation ability and power generation ability, and increase the risk of overload operation and damage when the solar radiation intensity is large in summer.

[0006] Traditional building roof insulation layers are difficult to apply prefabricated and assembled construction methods, resulting in difficulties in ensuring construction efficiency and quality. The uncertainty of on-site operations often leads to insufficient production accuracy of insulation components, causing a thermal bridge effect in the insulation layer during the building's service life and seriously affecting the insulation effect. In addition, the pollution such as garbage, noise, and dust generated by on-site wet operations goes against the concept of green environmental protection and is not conducive to the high-quality development of the construction industry. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, this invention applies for a building roof insulation system and its construction method, which is beneficial to solving the requirements of building roofs for insulation, heat insulation, and heating in different seasons.

[0008] The first aspect of this application discloses a building roof insulation system, including a roof structure, an overhead insulation structure, and a monitoring and control module; the roof structure is the covering layer at the top of the building; the overhead insulation structure is fixed above the roof structure and includes an overhead support, a dynamic dimming glass panel, a photovoltaic panel, a rotary drive device, an air inlet component, and an air outlet component;

[0009] The overhead support is a frame structure spliced by alloy profiles, with an installation groove on the top layer and a rubber sealing strip embedded therein, a snap-in track in the middle layer, and the surrounding side walls are enclosed by alloy plates; the dynamic dimming glass panel is hermetically installed in the installation groove; the photovoltaic panel is installed on the snap-in track; a lower cavity is enclosed among the photovoltaic panel, the roof structure, and the overhead support, and an upper cavity is enclosed among the dynamic dimming glass panel, the photovoltaic panel, and the overhead support; the rotary drive device is symmetrically installed on both sides of the photovoltaic panel and includes a stepper motor and a coupling, which is used to drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the central axis, and the rotation angle adjustment range is 360°; the air inlet component and the air outlet component are respectively arranged on the two side walls of the overhead support, and both the air inlet component and the air outlet component include pipes, valves, filters, and fans;

[0010] The monitoring and control module includes a sensor cluster and a control unit; the sensor cluster includes a solar altitude sensor and a first light intensity sensor arranged above the side of the overhead support, a first temperature sensor arranged indoors, and a second light intensity sensor and a second temperature sensor arranged in the upper cavity; the control unit is connected and controls the rotation of the rotary drive device, the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel, the start and stop of the fan, and the opening degree of the valve through a wireless connection method.

[0011] Preferably, the dynamic dimming glass plate sequentially includes a surface protection coating, an upper glass layer, an electrochromic dimming layer, and a lower glass layer from top to bottom; the surface protection coating is a homopolymer with a low surface energy, which can prevent the surface of the dynamic dimming glass plate from being contaminated by various liquids and dust; the electrochromic dimming layer is used to change the light transmittance according to the signal sent by the control unit; the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass plate τ ( V ) shall meet the requirements as shown in the following formula:

[0012]

[0013] wherein, T 0 is the ambient temperature in the upper cavity, in °C; T max is the highest ambient temperature to ensure the normal operation of the photovoltaic panel, in °C; R is the unit light intensity temperature rise coefficient, in °C·m 2 / W; G o is the external light intensity, in W / m 2 .

[0014] Preferably, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel is preferentially supplied to the building roof heat insulation system, and the surplus electricity is stored in the solid-state battery.

[0015] Preferably, a flexible heat insulation material layer is provided on the inner wall of the pipeline of the air inlet component and the air outlet component, and a sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the pipeline and the overhead support.

[0016] The second aspect of the present application discloses a construction method of a building roof heat insulation system, including the following steps:

[0017] S100. Pretreatment of the roof: Clean the floating dust, oil stains and sharp objects on the surface of the roof structure, use a laser rangefinder to detect the flatness of the roof structure layer and level it with cement mortar to ensure the stability of the subsequent construction foundation and the smoothness of the air flow in the lower cavity is not affected;

[0018] S200. Installation of the overhead support: Fix the base of the prefabricated overhead support to the roof structure through chemical anchor bolts;

[0019] S300. Installation of the photovoltaic panel: Slide the photovoltaic panel into the middle layer of the overhead support along the snap-in track, and connect the wiring terminals through a waterproof junction box;

[0020] S400. Installation of the glass plate: Hoist and embed the prefabricated dynamic dimming glass plate into the installation groove, pad silicone rubber buffer pads at the four corners, and install rubber sealing strips at the joints to form a continuous glue joint;

[0021] Installation of the S500 ventilation components: Connect the ducts of the air inlet component and the air exhaust component to the overhead bracket through flange bolts, sandwich an asbestos rubber gasket between the flanges, and paste a flexible thermal insulation material layer on the inner wall of the duct;

[0022] Deployment of the S600 monitoring and control module: Install the solar altitude sensor and the first light intensity sensor in an unobstructed area above the side of the overhead bracket, install the first temperature sensor in the center of the indoor ceiling below the roof, and install the second light intensity sensor and the second temperature sensor inside the upper cavity; The control unit is connected to the rotary drive device, the dynamic dimming glass panel, the fan, and the valve by wireless connection;

[0023] S700 System function verification: Simulate the working conditions of summer day, spring and autumn day, winter day and winter night, and obtain the external light intensity G o , solar altitude angle, indoor ambient temperature, ambient temperature inside the upper cavity T 0 and light intensity, and control the rotary drive device, the dynamic dimming glass panel, the fan, and the valve through the control unit to verify whether the building roof thermal insulation system can operate normally.

[0024] Preferably, in step S700, the verification of the functions of the building roof thermal insulation system under various working conditions specifically includes the following steps:

[0025] S701 Simulate the summer day working condition: Reduce the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel to the lowest value, keep the photovoltaic panel in the initial rotation position, and turn on the air inlet component and the air exhaust component for ventilation;

[0026] S702 Simulate the spring and autumn day working condition: Dynamically adjust the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel according to the external light intensity, keep the photovoltaic panel in the initial rotation position, and turn on the air inlet component and the air exhaust component for ventilation;

[0027] S703 Simulate the winter day working condition: Increase the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel to the highest value, adjust the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the solar altitude angle, so that the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel is parallel to the solar altitude angle, so that sunlight directly irradiates on the roof structure after passing through the dynamic dimming glass panel;

[0028] S704 Simulate the winter night working condition: Reset the photovoltaic panel to the initial rotation position, and close the valves of the air inlet component and the air exhaust component, so as to form an air thermal insulation layer in the lower cavity and the upper cavity.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: A building roof thermal insulation system and its construction method are disclosed in view of the requirements of building roofs for thermal insulation, heat insulation, and heating in different seasons. The thermal insulation system includes a roof structure, an overhead thermal insulation structure, and a monitoring and control module. By integrating the dynamic dimming glass panel and the photovoltaic panel into a dual-functional layer structure, when the light intensity is too high during the day in summer, the dynamic dimming glass panel is controlled to reduce the light transmittance, so that the light intensity of the sunlight passing through the dynamic dimming glass panel is reduced, avoiding the overloading operation of the photovoltaic panel. At the same time, by strengthening the air circulation in the double-layer cavity, the heat accumulated near the photovoltaic panel and itself is discharged in time. In spring and autumn seasons, by controlling the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel, the photovoltaic panel is in a better working state. When heat preservation is required at night in winter, by controlling the valve opening, a sealed air heat preservation layer is formed in the double-layer cavity. When solar radiation heat is required for indoor heating during the day in winter, the dynamic dimming glass panel is controlled to increase the light transmittance, and at the same time, the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted to be parallel to the solar altitude angle, so that the sunlight directly irradiates on the roof structure after passing through the dynamic dimming glass panel, and then the solar radiation heat is used for indoor heating. According to the monitoring data of sunlight and temperature obtained by the sensor cluster, the control module timely adjusts the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel, the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel, the start and stop of the fan, and the valve opening to achieve the dynamic thermal balance of the building roof under various seasonal conditions. The structure of the overhead support separates the photovoltaic panel from the external environment, and the air flow in the double-layer cavity and the rotation of the photovoltaic panel itself are conducive to the dust falling off the surface of the photovoltaic panel, keeping the photovoltaic panel clean and thus avoiding a significant decrease in the heat insulation ability and power generation ability. The protective coating on the surface of the dynamic dimming glass panel is beneficial to maintaining the surface cleanliness. The construction method includes the pretreatment of the roof, the installation of the overhead support, the installation of the photovoltaic panel, the installation of the glass panel, the installation of the ventilation component, the deployment of the monitoring and control module, and the verification of the system function. The prefabricated and assembled construction methods of the overhead support, the dynamic dimming glass panel, and the photovoltaic panel improve the construction efficiency and quality and meet the environmental protection requirements. The application of the snap-on track and the rubber sealing strip ensures the installation accuracy and airtightness. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a building roof thermal insulation system of the present invention under the working condition of daytime in summer;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a building roof thermal insulation system of the present invention under the working condition of daytime in winter;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the dynamic dimming glass panel of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4It is a flowchart of a construction method for a building roof thermal insulation system of the present invention;

[0034] Reference numerals: 1 - roof structure, 21 - overhead support, 211 - installation groove, 212 - snap - on track, 213 - side wall, 22 - dynamic dimming glass panel, 221 - surface protection coating, 222 - upper glass layer, 223 - electro - chromic dimming layer, 224 - lower glass layer, 23 - photovoltaic panel, 24 - rotary drive device, 25 - air intake component, 26 - air exhaust component, 27 - lower cavity, 28 - upper cavity, 31 - solar altitude sensor, 32 - first light intensity sensor, 33 - first temperature sensor, 34 - second light intensity sensor, 35 - second temperature sensor, 4 - sunlight incident direction. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The following further elaborates on the implementation manners of the present invention in conjunction with the attached drawings and reference numerals, enabling those skilled in the art to implement it after studying this specification. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] The first aspect of this application discloses a Figures 1-3 building roof thermal insulation system as shown, including a roof structure 1, an overhead thermal insulation structure, and a monitoring and control module; the roof structure 1 is a covering layer on the top of the building; the overhead thermal insulation structure is fixed on the roof structure 1 and includes an overhead support 21, a dynamic dimming glass panel 22, a photovoltaic panel 23, a rotary drive device 24, an air intake component 25, and an air exhaust component 26;

[0037] The overhead support 21 is a frame structure spliced by alloy profiles, with an installation groove 211 on the top layer and a rubber sealing strip embedded therein, a snap - on track 212 in the middle layer, and the surrounding side walls 213 are enclosed by alloy plates; the dynamic dimming glass panel 22 is hermetically installed in the installation groove 211; the photovoltaic panel 23 is installed on the snap - on track 212; a lower cavity 27 is formed by enclosing between the photovoltaic panel 23, the roof structure 1, and the overhead support 21, and an upper cavity 28 is formed by enclosing between the dynamic dimming glass panel 22, the photovoltaic panel 23, and the overhead support 21; the rotary drive device 24 is symmetrically installed on both sides of the photovoltaic panel 23 and includes a stepper motor and a coupling for driving the photovoltaic panel 23 to rotate around the central axis, and the rotation angle adjustment range is 360°; the air intake component 25 and the air exhaust component 26 are respectively arranged on the two side walls of the overhead support 21, and both the air intake component 25 and the air exhaust component 26 include pipes, valves, filters, and fans;

[0038] The monitoring and control module includes a sensor cluster and a control unit; the sensor cluster includes a solar altitude sensor 31 and a first light intensity sensor 32 disposed above the side of the overhead support, a first temperature sensor 33 disposed indoors, and a second light intensity sensor 34 and a second temperature sensor 35 disposed in the upper cavity; the control unit is connected to and controls the rotation drive device 24, the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass plate 22, the start and stop of the fan, and the opening degree of the valve by means of wireless connection.

[0039] In a specific implementation, the dynamic dimming glass plate 22 sequentially includes a surface protection coating 221, an upper glass layer 222, an electrochromic dimming layer 223, and a lower glass layer 224 from top to bottom; the surface protection coating 221 is a homopolymer with low surface energy, which can prevent the surface of the dynamic dimming glass plate 22 from being contaminated by various liquids and dust; the electrochromic dimming layer 223 includes a dispersed particle type dimming film, which is used to change the light transmittance according to the signal sent by the control unit; the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass plate 22 τ ( V ) shall meet the requirements as shown in the following formula:

[0040] (1)

[0041] Wherein, T 0 is the ambient temperature in the upper cavity, °C; T max is the highest ambient temperature to ensure the normal operation of the photovoltaic panel, °C; R is the unit light intensity temperature rise coefficient, °C·m 2 / W; G o is the external light intensity, W / m 2 ;

[0042] Under typical conditions, the ambient temperature T 0 in the upper cavity is 35 °C, the highest ambient temperature T max to ensure the normal operation of the photovoltaic panel is 85 °C, the unit light intensity temperature rise coefficient R is 0.05 °C·m 2 / W, the external light intensity G o is 1200W / m 2 , and the light transmittance τ ( V ) is calculated as follows according to formula (1):

[0043] (2)

[0044] That is, under this condition, the light transmittance of the dimming glass plate 22 should τ ( V ) be adjusted to no higher than 0.83.

[0045] In specific implementation, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 23 is preferentially supplied to the building roof heat insulation system, and the surplus electricity is stored in the solid-state battery.

[0046] In specific implementation, a flexible heat insulation material layer is provided on the inner wall of the pipes of the air inlet assembly 25 and the air exhaust assembly 26, and a sealing gasket is provided at the connection between the pipes and the overhead bracket 21.

[0047] The second aspect of the present application discloses a construction method of a building roof heat insulation system as Figure 4 shown, including the following steps:

[0048] S100. Pretreatment of the roof: Clean the floating dust, oil stains and sharp objects on the surface of the roof structure 1, use a laser rangefinder to detect the flatness of the roof structural layer and level it with cement mortar to ensure the stability of the subsequent construction foundation and the smoothness of the air flow in the lower cavity 27 is not affected;

[0049] S200. Installation of the overhead bracket: Fix the base of the prefabricated overhead bracket 21 on the roof structure 1 through chemical anchor bolts, and weld a stainless steel flange at the reserved hole on the side wall of the overhead bracket 21;

[0050] S300. Installation of the photovoltaic panel: Slide the photovoltaic panel 23 into the middle layer of the overhead bracket 21 along the snap-on track 212, and connect the wiring ends through a waterproof junction box;

[0051] S400. Installation of the glass plate: Lift and embed the prefabricated dynamic dimming glass plate 22 into the installation groove 211, pad silicone rubber buffer pads at the four corners, and install rubber sealing strips at the joints to form a continuous glue seam;

[0052] S500. Installation of the ventilation component: Connect the pipes of the air inlet component 25 and the air exhaust component 26 to the overhead bracket 21 through flange bolts, sandwich an asbestos rubber gasket between the flanges, and paste a flexible heat insulation material layer on the inner wall of the pipe;

[0053] Deployment of S600 and monitoring and control module: Install the solar altitude sensor 31 and the first light intensity sensor 32 in an unobstructed area above the side of the overhead bracket 21, install the first temperature sensor 33 at the center of the indoor ceiling below the roof, and install the second light intensity sensor 34 and the second temperature sensor 35 inside the upper cavity 28; the control unit is connected to the rotary drive device 24, the dynamic dimming glass panel 22, the fan and the valve in a wireless connection manner;

[0054] System function verification in S700: Simulate the working conditions of summer day, spring and autumn day, winter day and winter night. Obtain the external light intensity, solar altitude angle, indoor environmental temperature, environmental temperature and light intensity in the upper cavity through the sensor cluster, and control the rotary drive device 24, the dynamic dimming glass panel 22, the fan and the valve through the control unit to verify whether the building roof thermal insulation system can operate normally.

[0055] In specific implementation, in step S700, the verification of the functions of the building roof thermal insulation system under various working conditions specifically includes the following steps:

[0056] Simulate the summer day working condition in S701: Reduce the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel 22 to the lowest value, keep the photovoltaic panel 23 at the initial rotation position, and turn on the air inlet assembly 25 and the air exhaust assembly 26 for ventilation;

[0057] Simulate the spring and autumn day working condition in S702: Dynamically adjust the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel 22 according to the external light intensity, keep the photovoltaic panel 23 at the initial rotation position, and turn on the air inlet assembly 25 and the air exhaust assembly 26 for ventilation;

[0058] Simulate the winter day working condition in S703: Increase the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel 22 to the highest value, adjust the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel 23 according to the solar altitude angle, so that the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel 23 is parallel to the sunlight incident angle 4, so that the sunlight directly irradiates on the roof structure 1 after passing through the dynamic dimming glass panel 22;

[0059] Simulate the winter night working condition in S704: Reset the photovoltaic panel 23 to the initial rotation position, and close the valves of the air inlet assembly 25 and the air exhaust assembly 26, so as to form an air insulation layer in the lower cavity 27 and the upper cavity 28.

[0060] It can be seen that by integrating the dynamic dimming glass panel and the photovoltaic panel into a dual-functional layer structure, when the light intensity is too high during the daytime in summer, the dynamic dimming glass panel is controlled to reduce the light transmittance, so that the light intensity of the sunlight passing through the dynamic dimming glass panel is reduced, avoiding the overloading operation of the photovoltaic panel. At the same time, by strengthening the air circulation in the double-layer cavity, the heat accumulated near the photovoltaic panel and the photovoltaic panel itself can be discharged in time. In spring and autumn, by controlling the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel, the photovoltaic panel is in a better working state. When heat preservation is required at night in winter, a sealed air heat preservation layer is formed in the double-layer cavity by controlling the valve opening. When solar radiant heat is required for indoor heating during the daytime in winter, the dynamic dimming glass panel is controlled to increase the light transmittance, and at the same time, the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted to be parallel to the solar altitude angle, so that the sunlight directly irradiates on the roof structure after passing through the dynamic dimming glass panel, and then the solar radiant heat is used for indoor heating. According to the monitoring data of sunlight and temperature obtained by the sensor cluster, the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel, the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel, the start and stop of the fan and the valve opening are adjusted in time by the control module to achieve the dynamic thermal balance of the building roof under various seasonal conditions. The structure of the overhead support separates the photovoltaic panel from the external environment, and the air flow in the double-layer cavity and the rotation of the photovoltaic panel itself are both beneficial to the dust falling off the surface of the photovoltaic panel, keeping the photovoltaic panel clean and thus avoiding a significant decrease in the heat insulation ability and power generation ability. The protective coating on the surface of the dynamic dimming glass panel is beneficial to maintaining the surface cleanliness. The prefabricated and assembled construction method of the overhead support, the dynamic dimming glass panel and the photovoltaic panel improves the construction efficiency and quality and meets the environmental protection requirements. The application of the snap-on track and the rubber sealing strip ensures the installation accuracy and airtightness.

[0061] The above are one or more embodiments of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A building roof heat insulation system, characterized in that: It includes a roof structure, an overhead thermal insulation structure, and a monitoring and control module; the roof structure is a covering layer on the top of a building; the overhead thermal insulation structure is fixed on the roof structure and includes an overhead support, a dynamic dimming glass panel, a photovoltaic panel, a rotary drive device, an air inlet component, and an air outlet component; the overhead support is a frame structure spliced by alloy profiles, with an installation groove on the top layer and a rubber sealing strip embedded therein, a snap-on track in the middle layer, and the surrounding side walls are enclosed by alloy plates; the dynamic dimming glass panel is hermetically installed in the installation groove; the dynamic dimming glass panel sequentially includes a surface protection coating, an upper glass layer, an electrochromic dimming layer, and a lower glass layer from top to bottom; the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel τ ( V ) shall meet the requirements as shown in the following formula: Among them, T 0 is the ambient temperature in the upper cavity, °C; T max is the highest ambient temperature when ensuring the normal operation of the photovoltaic panel, °C; R is the unit light intensity temperature rise coefficient, °C·m 2 / W; G o is the external light intensity, W / m 2 ; The photovoltaic panel is installed on the snap-on track; a lower cavity is formed by enclosing between the photovoltaic panel, the roof structure and the overhead support; an upper cavity is formed by enclosing between the dynamic dimming glass panel, the photovoltaic panel and the overhead support; the rotation drive device is symmetrically installed on both sides of the photovoltaic panel and includes a stepping motor and a coupling, and is used to drive the photovoltaic panel to rotate around the central axis, and the rotation angle adjustment range is 360°; the air inlet assembly and the air exhaust assembly are respectively arranged on the two side walls of the overhead support, and both the air inlet assembly and the air exhaust assembly include a pipeline, a valve, a filter screen and a fan; The monitoring and control module includes a sensor cluster and a control unit; the sensor cluster includes a solar altitude sensor and a first light intensity sensor arranged above the side of the overhead support, a first temperature sensor arranged indoors, and a second light intensity sensor and a second temperature sensor arranged in the upper cavity; the control unit is connected to and controls the rotation of the rotation drive device, the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel, the start and stop of the fan, and the opening degree of the valve by means of wireless connection.

2. The building roof heat insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface protection coating is a homopolymer with low surface energy, which can make the surface of the dynamic dimming glass panel not easily contaminated by various liquids and dust; the electrochromic dimming layer is used to change the light transmittance according to the signal sent by the control unit.

3. A building roof thermal insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel is preferentially supplied to the building roof heat insulation system, and the surplus electricity is stored in the solid-state battery.

4. A building roof heat insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flexible heat insulation material layer is arranged on the inner wall of the pipeline of the air inlet assembly and the air exhaust assembly, and a sealing gasket is arranged at the connection between the pipeline and the overhead support.

5. A construction method for a building roof thermal insulation system, characterized in that, For a building roof heat insulation system according to any one of claims 1-4, the following steps are included: S100, Pretreatment of the roof: Clean the floating dust, oil stains and sharp objects on the surface of the roof structure, and use a laser rangefinder to detect the flatness of the roof structure layer and level it with cement mortar; S200, Installation of the overhead support: Fix the base of the prefabricated overhead support on the roof structure through chemical anchor bolts; S300, Installation of the photovoltaic panel: Slide the photovoltaic panel into the middle layer of the overhead support along the snap-on track; S400, Installation of the glass panel: Lift and install the prefabricated dynamic dimming glass panel into the installation groove, cushion silicon rubber buffer pads at the four corners, and install rubber sealing strips at the joints to form a continuous glue joint; S500, Installation of the ventilation assembly: Connect the pipelines of the air inlet assembly and the air exhaust assembly to the overhead support through flange bolts, sandwich asbestos rubber gaskets between the flanges, and paste a flexible heat insulation material layer on the inner wall of the pipeline; Deployment of S600, monitoring and control module: Install the solar altitude sensor and the first light intensity sensor in an unobstructed area above the side of the overhead bracket, install the first temperature sensor at the center of the indoor ceiling below the roof, and install the second light intensity sensor and the second temperature sensor inside the upper cavity; the control unit is connected to the rotation drive device, the dynamic dimming glass panel, the fan and the valve by wireless connection; S700. System function verification: Simulate the working conditions of summer day, spring and autumn day, winter day and winter night, and obtain the external light intensity, G o solar altitude angle, indoor environmental temperature, environmental temperature in the upper cavity T 0 and light intensity, and control the rotary drive device, the dynamic dimming glass panel, the fan and the valve through the control unit to verify whether the building roof heat insulation system can operate normally.

6. The construction method of a building roof thermal insulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that In step S700, the verification of the functions of the building roof insulation and heat insulation system under various working conditions specifically includes the following steps: S701. Simulate the summer daytime working condition: Reduce the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel to the lowest value, keep the photovoltaic panel at the initial rotation position, and turn on the air inlet component and the air outlet component for ventilation; S702. Simulate the spring and autumn daytime working conditions: Dynamically adjust the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel according to the external light intensity, keep the photovoltaic panel at the initial rotation position, and turn on the air inlet component and the air outlet component for ventilation; S703. Simulate the winter daytime working condition: Increase the light transmittance of the dynamic dimming glass panel to the highest value, adjust the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel according to the solar altitude angle, so that the rotation angle of the photovoltaic panel is parallel to the solar altitude angle, so that the sunlight directly irradiates on the roof structure after passing through the dynamic dimming glass panel; S704. Simulate the winter night working condition: Reset the photovoltaic panel to the initial rotation position, and close the valves of the air inlet component and the air outlet component, so as to form an air insulation layer in the lower cavity and the upper cavity.

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