Large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of logging while drilling instruments, and discloses a large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser capable of improving the transmission rate and the displacement. Comprising a vortex generating drill collar with a built-in turbine generator, a circuit drill collar with a built-in instrument circuit, a pulser drill collar with a built-in pulse generator and a hard connection drill collar with a built-in hard connection, and the two ends of a circuit framework in the circuit drill collar are connected with an upper flow channel converter connected with the turbine generator and a lower flow channel converter connected with the pulse generator respectively. The pulse generator comprises a motor shell connected with the lower flow channel converter, a motor stator fixed in the motor shell, a motor rotor located in the motor stator, a torsion shaft connected with the motor rotor, a shear valve connected with the torsion shaft and a shear valve block which is connected with the motor shell and is parallel to the shear valve in a spaced mode. The torsion shaft at least comprises a fixed section which axially penetrates through the motor rotor and is connected with the motor shell, a torsion section which axially penetrates into and is suspended in the motor rotor, and a shear valve mounting section which is connected with the shear valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of logging while drilling instruments, and in particular to a large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser. Background Art

[0002] The high-speed mud pulser while drilling instrument is used to complete the power supply and signal transmission of downhole tools while drilling under high temperature, high pressure and vibration conditions.

[0003] Conventional high-speed mud pulsers can only meet the power supply and two-way communication requirements for downhole tools in boreholes below 8.5 inches. In addition, due to the stator and rotor structure limitations of the high-speed mud pulser, the maximum transmission rate of the instrument is 12bps, and the maximum applicable displacement is 3.6m 3 / min, which is not enough to meet the large-volume operation requirements of surface wells. At the same time, the instrument is limited by the turbine structure. The maximum power of the turbine generator is 300W. The number of downhole tools that can be attached while drilling is limited, and the applicable displacement of existing downhole tools while drilling is fixed, which cannot be adjusted for operations outside the displacement range. In addition, existing high-speed mud pulsers all use the process of directly cladding the wear-resistant belt on the drill collar body. Large-volume downhole operations will form eddies near the connection between the wear-resistant belt and the drill collar, which will cause the drill collar near the wear-resistant belt to be easily eroded. The cost of repairing the drill collar is high and time-consuming, resulting in huge losses. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the transmission rate and displacement of the existing high-speed mud pulser, the present invention proposes a large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser. The large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser according to the present invention comprises: a vortex generator drill collar, a circuit drill collar, a pulser drill collar and a hard connection drill collar which are threadedly connected in sequence, the vortex generator drill collar has a built-in turbine generator, the circuit drill collar has a built-in instrument circuit, the pulser drill collar has a built-in pulse generator, the hard connection drill collar has a built-in hard connection, the two ends of the circuit skeleton in the circuit drill collar are respectively fixedly connected with an upper flow channel converter and a lower flow channel converter, the upper flow channel converter is connected to the turbine generator, the lower flow channel converter is connected to the pulse generator, wherein the pulse generator includes The invention comprises a motor housing connected to the downstream flow channel converter, a motor stator fixed in the motor housing, a motor rotor coaxially arranged in the motor stator, a torsion shaft connected to the motor rotor, a shear valve connected to the torsion shaft, and a shear valve plate fixedly connected to the motor housing, the shear valve and the shear valve plate are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the torsion shaft at least comprises a fixed section, a torsion section and a shear valve installation section which are connected in sequence, the fixed section axially passes through the motor rotor and is fixedly connected to the motor housing, the torsion section axially penetrates into and is suspended in the motor rotor, and the shear valve installation section is used to connect the shear valve.

[0005] Furthermore, the torsion shaft also includes a first bearing mounting section and a second bearing mounting section connected between the torsion section and the shear valve mounting section, and a limit section located between the first bearing mounting section and the second bearing mounting section. The pulse generator also includes a bearing group installed on the first bearing mounting section, a small bearing installed on the second bearing mounting section, and a leather bladder installed between the motor housing and the small bearing, one end of the leather bladder is fixedly connected to the small bearing, and the other end is fixedly connected to an area of ​​the motor housing near the limit section, and the area of ​​the first bearing mounting section located between the torsion section and the bearing group is fixedly connected to the motor rotor.

[0006] Furthermore, the shear valve installation section is constructed as a special-shaped pentagonal structure, and a special-shaped pentagonal hole for cooperating with the special-shaped pentagonal structure is provided at the center of the shear valve.

[0007] Furthermore, the shear valve includes a valve body and a plurality of valve leaves formed on the periphery of one side end face of the valve body, the special-shaped pentagonal hole axially penetrates the center of the valve body, the shear valve also includes a reinforcing rib extending from the upper area of ​​the valve leaf toward the other side end face of the valve body, the area where the reinforcing rib is connected to the valve leaf is rounded, the outer diameter range of the shear valve is: 95-115mm, the number of opening angles range is: 6-8, the range of rounded angles is: R10-R50mm, the angle range of the reinforcing rib is: 35°-60°, the thickness range of the reinforcing rib is: 8-16mm, the shear valve plate includes a shear valve plate body and a plurality of valve plates formed on the periphery of the shear valve plate body, a flow channel is formed between adjacent valve plates, the outer diameter range of the valve plate is: 90-110mm, and the number of opening angles range is: 6-8.

[0008] Furthermore, the pulse generator also includes a micro reducer mounted on the first bearing mounting section and located at the front end of the bearing group.

[0009] Furthermore, the turbine generator includes a generator body connected to the upper flow channel converter, a guide wheel fixedly connected to the generator body, and a turbine magnetically coupled to the generator body. The turbine is located behind the guide wheel. High-speed mud flows toward the turbine under the guidance of the guide wheel, causing the turbine to rotate, thereby driving the generator body to generate electricity.

[0010] Furthermore, the guide wheel and the generator body are integrally formed, and the turbine is integrally formed.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer surfaces of the guide wheel and the turbine, the inner surfaces of the upper flow channel converter and the lower flow channel converter are sprayed with strength reinforcement material.

[0012] Furthermore, the circuit skeleton includes a test section and a circuit board installation section which are connected in sequence, the test section is connected to the upper flow channel converter, the circuit board installation section is connected to the lower flow channel converter, a circuit board is installed on the circuit board installation section, a holding tube is provided on the outer cover of the circuit board, a circuit test port is opened on the area of ​​the circuit drill corresponding to the test section, a cover plate is detachably connected to the circuit test port, and a sunken wear-resistant belt is provided on the area of ​​the circuit drill near the cover plate and / or the outer peripheral wall of the holding tube.

[0013] Furthermore, grooves are provided in the area of ​​the circuit drill bit near the cover plate and / or on the outer peripheral wall of the clamping tube. The sunken wear-resistant belt includes a plurality of wear-resistant layers which are connected in sequence from bottom to top in the groove and are arranged in a stepped manner with gradually decreasing sizes. The wear-resistant layer at the bottom fills and is fixed in the entire groove, and its top end is flush with the opening of the groove.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) The structure of connecting the torsion shaft and the shear valve was first created, and the structure of the torsion shaft was optimized, so that each section has different functions and outer diameters, and the overall length of the torsion shaft is more slender, thus realizing the multi-speed selection of the swing frequency in the range of 12~60Hz, which can adapt to the maximum of 6m 3 / min high displacement mud flow, can meet the highest transmission rate of 40bps; 2) The use of the bearing group enables the torsion shaft and the motor housing to be connected through a ball bearing, which ensures the concentricity of the inner and outer circles, reduces the friction between the rotation of the torsion shaft, reduces fatigue stress, and thus increases the service life of the torsion shaft; 3) The torsion shaft and the shear valve are connected by a special-shaped five-sided structure, which can not only drive the shear valve to swing with less energy consumption, but also ensure that the fatigue stress under high-frequency swing is not too large, reducing the risk of slipping teeth, thereby further improving the service life of the torsion shaft; 4) The size parameters of the shear valve and shear valve plate are optimized, effectively increasing the service life of the shear valve and shear valve plate; 5) A small-sized reducer is installed in front of the bearing group of the torsion shaft, which reduces the swing frequency of the torsion shaft, increases the swing torque of the torsion shaft, reduces energy consumption, and thus reduces the output power of the motor; 6) A limit arm is set between the torsion shaft and the motor housing to limit the swing amplitude of the torsion shaft and prevent the torsion shaft from breaking and failing due to excessive torsion; 7) A bladder is set between the motor housing and the small bearing to ensure that the internal and external pressures of the pulser assembly remain dynamically balanced under the action of mud. At the same time, a small bearing is installed at the front end of the torsion shaft shear valve to prevent the bladder from being broken and failing due to high-frequency deformation of the torsion shaft and excessive fatigue stress; 8) Optimize the mechanical structure and processing technology of the turbine, guide wheel, upper flow channel converter and lower flow channel converter, and spray strength reinforcement materials on the turbine, guide wheel, upper flow channel converter and lower flow channel converter to make them more resistant to erosion and extend the service life of the instrument, which is conducive to meeting the operating requirements of the instrument under high displacement; 9) The structural design of the sunken wear-resistant belt makes it so that the mud in the well is not flushed on the drill collar itself, but on the sunken wear-resistant belt. After the operation is completed, the sunken wear-resistant belt can be repaired, which increases the number of wells and the length of time the drill collar is used. At the same time, it also optimizes the mud flow field between the wellbore and the tool annulus, which not only protects the tool body, but also extends the service life of the tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of a large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a pulse generator is shown; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view along the BB direction is shown; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the torsion shaft shown, wherein the upper figure shows the front structure of the torsion shaft, and the lower figure shows the back structure of the torsion shaft; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a shear valve installation section is shown; Figure 6 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of the shear valve shown in the figure, wherein the upper figure shows the front structure of the shear valve, and the lower figure shows the three-dimensional structure of the shear valve; Figure 7 for Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the structure of the shear valve piece shown in the figure, wherein the upper figure shows the three-dimensional structure of the shear valve piece, and the lower figure shows the front structure of the shear valve piece; Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a pulse generator shown; Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of a large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 for Fig. 9 The structural schematic diagram of the sunken wear-resistant belt shown; Fig.11 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the upper deflector assembly shown; Fig.12for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the lower deflector assembly is shown.

[0016] Description of the accompanying drawings: 100-large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser, 1-vortex drill collar, 2-circuit drill collar, 3-pulser drill collar, 4-hard-connected drill collar, 5-upper guide assembly, 6-circuit skeleton, 7-pulse generator, 8-hard connection, 9-upper flow channel converter, 10-lower flow channel converter, 11-turbine generator, 12-lower guide assembly, 13-holding tube, 14-circuit board installation section, 71-motor housing, 72-motor stator, 73-motor rotor, 74-torsion shaft, 75-shear valve, 76-shear valve plate, 77-bearing group, 78-skin bag, 79-small bearing, 70-first top screw, 741-fixed section, 742-torsion section, 743-first bearing installation section, 744-limiting section, 745-second bearing mounting section, 746-shear valve mounting section, 747-limiting arm, 700-special shape, 751-valve body, 752-valve leaf, 753-special shape pentagonal hole, 754-reinforcement rib, 755-fillet, 756-outer diameter of shear valve, 761-valve plate, 762-flow channel, 763-outer diameter of valve plate, 701-micro reducer, 702-planet carrier, 703-planetary gear, 704-inner ring gear, 705-sun gear, 101-sunken wear-resistant belt, 102-cover plate, 104-groove, 1011-first wear-resistant layer, 1012-second wear-resistant layer, 1013-third wear-resistant layer, 51-upper guide, 52-TIP head, 121-lower guide, 122-hard connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 FIG. 2 shows the structure of a large-sized high-speed shear valve type mud pulser 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the large-size high-speed shear valve mud pulser 100 may include: a vortex generator drill collar 1, a circuit drill collar 2, a pulser drill collar 3 and a hard connection drill collar 4 which are threadedly connected in sequence, the vortex generator drill collar 1 has a built-in turbine generator 11, the circuit drill collar 2 has a built-in instrument circuit, the pulser drill collar 3 has a built-in pulse generator 7, the hard connection drill collar 4 has a built-in hard connection 8, and the two ends of the circuit skeleton 6 in the circuit drill collar 2 are respectively fixedly connected with an upper flow channel converter 9 and a lower flow channel converter 10, the upper flow channel converter 9 is connected to the turbine generator 11, and the lower flow channel converter 10 is connected to the pulse generator 7. Among them, combined with Figure 2As shown, the pulse generator 7 may include a motor housing 71 connected to the downflow converter 10, a motor stator 72 fixed in the motor housing 71, a motor rotor 73 coaxially arranged in the motor stator 72, a torsion shaft 74 connected to the motor rotor 73, a shear valve 75 connected to the torsion shaft 74, and a shear valve plate 76 fixedly connected to the motor housing 71, the shear valve 75 and the shear valve plate 76 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the shear valve 75 is connected to the downflow converter 10. Figure 4 As shown, the torsion shaft 74 includes at least a fixed section 741, a torsion section 742 and a shear valve mounting section 746 which are connected in sequence. The fixed section 741 axially passes through the motor rotor 73 and is fixedly connected to the motor housing 71. The torsion section 742 axially penetrates into and is suspended in the motor rotor 73. The shear valve mounting section 746 is used to connect the shear valve 75.

[0019] The purpose of the large-scale high-speed shear valve mud pulser 100 of the embodiment of the present invention is to meet the high requirements of large-displacement wellbore operations. In the large-scale high-speed shear valve mud pulser 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, a structure in which the torsion shaft 74 is connected to the shear valve 75 is firstly created. By optimizing the structure and function of the torsion shaft 74, the large-scale mud pulser can achieve efficient and stable operation under high displacement and high transmission rate conditions in a large wellbore. The structure of the torsion shaft 74 is optimized so that each section has different functions and outer diameters. In this way, the segmented torsion shaft design adapts to the high torque requirements of the large-scale shear valve, and can achieve 12-60Hz wide-band adjustment to meet high-displacement operations. The segmented torsion shaft design also makes the overall length of the torsion shaft 74 more slender, and the total length can be increased by 40%, which can adapt to a maximum of 6m 3 The high-displacement mud flow rate of 1.25677 / min meets the maximum transmission rate of 40bps.

[0020] In such Figure 4 In the preferred embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the torsion shaft 74 may further include a first bearing mounting section 743 and a second bearing mounting section 745 connected between the torsion section 742 and the shear valve mounting section 746, and a limiting section 744 located between the first bearing mounting section 743 and the second bearing mounting section 745. Figure 2 As shown, the pulse generator 7 may also include a bearing group 77 installed on the first bearing mounting section 743, a small bearing 79 installed on the second bearing mounting section 745, and a leather bag 78 installed between the motor housing 71 and the small bearing 79, one end of the leather bag 78 is fixedly connected to the small bearing 79, and the other end is fixedly connected to the area of ​​the motor housing 71 near the limiting section 744, and the area of ​​the first bearing mounting section 743 located between the torsion section 742 and the bearing group 77 is fixedly connected to the motor rotor 73.

[0021] In this embodiment, a bearing group 77 is arranged between the first bearing mounting section 743 of the torsion shaft 74 and the motor housing 71. The bearing group 77 can be a plurality of combined ball bearings, which ensures the concentricity of the inner and outer circles, reduces the friction generated by the rotation of the torsion shaft 74, thereby reducing fatigue stress and increasing the service life of the torsion shaft 74. The function of the bladder 78 is to inject oil into the pulse generator 7 to ensure that the internal and external pressures of the pulse generator 7 maintain a dynamic balance under the action of mud. The small bearing 79 on the second bearing mounting section 745 is used to prevent the bladder 78 from being deformed at high frequency due to the torsion of the torsion shaft, and prevent the bladder 78 from breaking and failing due to more fatigue stress.

[0022] Preferably, if Figure 4 As shown, the limiting section 744 may include two limiting arms 747 extending radially outward from opposite sides of the limiting section, and a limiting groove (not shown in the figure) cooperating with the limiting arm 747 is formed on the inner surface of the motor housing 71 opposite to the limiting section 744, and the limiting arm 747 moves within the range defined by the limiting groove. The limiting arm 747 is used to limit the swing amplitude of the torsion shaft 74 to prevent the torsion shaft 74 from breaking and failing due to excessive torsion.

[0023] In such Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the preferred embodiment shown, three first top screws 70 evenly spaced at 120° may be provided on the pulse drill collar 3 for fixing and straightening the shear valve plate 76 .

[0024] In such Figure 4 He Ru Figure 5 In the preferred embodiment shown, the shear valve mounting section 746 can be constructed as a special-shaped pentagonal structure, and its cross-sectional shape is as follows: Figure 5 The flower-shaped special-shaped 700 shown in FIG. 1 has a special-shaped pentagonal hole 753 (such as Figure 6 As shown). In this embodiment, the signal controls the electromagnet of the motor stator 72, thereby driving the motor rotor 73 to rotate, and then driving the torsion shaft 74 to rotate. The torsion shaft 74 is twisted in the torsion section 742, and then the shear valve 75 is twisted through the special-shaped five-angle structure of the shear valve installation section 746, thereby changing the mud flow area, and then changing the mud pressure, and realizing the generation of a pulse signal. The special-shaped five-angle structure can not only drive the shear valve 75 to swing while consuming less energy, but also ensure that the fatigue stress under high-frequency swing is not too large, reducing the risk of slipping teeth, thereby increasing the service life of the torsion shaft 74.

[0025] In such Figure 6 He Ru Figure 7In the preferred embodiment shown, the shear valve 75 may include a valve body 751 and a plurality of valve leaves 752 formed on the outer periphery of one end surface of the valve body 751, and a special-shaped pentagonal hole 753 axially penetrates the center of the valve body 751. The shear valve 75 also includes a reinforcing rib 754 extending from the upper area of ​​the valve leaf 752 toward the other end surface of the valve body 751, and a fillet 755 is formed in the area where the reinforcing rib 754 is connected to the valve leaf 752. The outer diameter 756 of the shear valve is preferably in the range of: 95-115 mm, and the number of opening angles α The range is preferably: 6-8, the range of the fillet 755 is preferably: R10-R50mm, the angle range of the reinforcing rib 754 is preferably: 35°-60°, the thickness range of the reinforcing rib 754 is preferably: 8-16mm, the shear valve plate 76 includes a shear valve plate body and a plurality of valve plates 761 formed on the outer periphery of the shear valve plate body, and a flow channel 762 is formed between adjacent valve plates 761. The outer diameter 763 of the valve plate is preferably in the range of: 90-110mm, and the number of opening angles β is preferably in the range of: 6-8.

[0026] In this embodiment, by optimizing the structure of the shear valve 75 and the shear valve plate 76, it can further adapt to the operation requirements of high displacement and high transmission rate, and at the same time improve the durability and stability of the large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser 100 under large-size conditions. Among them, the number of opening angles and the opening angle of the shear valve 75 and the shear valve plate 76 determine the flow area of ​​the mud flowing through the shear valve, that is, determine the flow rate of the mud. By setting the range of the number of the above opening angles, the opening angle of the valve is appropriately increased, the flow area can be increased, the mud flow rate can be reduced, and the erosion of the mud can be reduced, thereby improving the service life of the shear valve 75 and the shear valve plate 76; at the same time, the number of opening angles of the shear valve 75 and the shear valve plate 76 also determines the rotation amplitude of the torsion shaft 74. Through the above setting, the appropriate increase in the number of opening angles can reduce the torsion amplitude of the torsion shaft 74 and extend the service life of the torsion shaft 74. Preferably, the number of the opening angles α of the shear valve 75 is preferably 3, and the number of the opening angles β of the valve plate 761 is preferably 3.

[0027] The outer diameter of the shear valve 75 and the shear valve plate 76 determines the flow area of ​​the mud flowing through the shear valve 75 and the shear valve plate 76. By appropriately reducing the outer diameter of the shear valve 75 and the shear valve plate 76, the erosion of the shear valve 75 and the shear valve plate 76 by the mud can be reduced. However, this will also bring about the disadvantage that the mud signal fluctuation is not strong enough. Therefore, the present application sets the above-mentioned outer diameter size range, which can reduce the erosion of the shear valve by the mud while increasing the degree of mud signal fluctuation.

[0028] The fillet 755 determines the size of the vortex generated when mud flows through. By setting the radius range of the fillet 755, the radius of the fillet 755 is appropriately increased, so that the mud flow rate changes smoothly, the erosion of the mud is reduced, and the service life of the shear valve 75 is increased.

[0029] The angle and thickness of the reinforcing rib 754 of the shear valve 75 determine the structural strength of the shear valve 75. By setting the angle and thickness range of the reinforcing rib 754 and appropriately increasing the thickness, the strength of the shear valve 75 can be improved and its service life can be increased.

[0030] In such Figure 8 In the preferred embodiment shown, Figure 2 The difference of the embodiment shown is that the pulse generator 7 may also include a micro reducer 701 mounted on the first bearing mounting section 743 and located at the front end of the bearing group 77. The micro reducer 701 is provided to reduce the swing frequency of the torsion shaft 74, increase the swing torque of the torsion shaft 74, reduce energy consumption, and reduce the output power of the motor. By introducing the micro reducer 701 in the large-size high-speed shear valve mud pulser 100, the driving efficiency and energy management of the torsion shaft 74 are optimized, so that it can better adapt to the operation requirements of high displacement and high transmission rate.

[0031] like Figure 8 As shown, the micro reducer 701 may include a planetary carrier 702 connected to the right half of the first bearing mounting section 743, a planetary gear 703 connected to the planetary carrier 702, a sun gear 705 connected to the left half of the first bearing mounting section 743, the outer side of the sun gear 705 meshing with the planetary gear 703, an inner ring gear 704 meshing with the outer side of the planetary gear 703, and the inner ring gear 704 is fixedly connected to the pulser drill collar 3.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the turbine generator 11 may include a generator body connected to the upper flow channel converter 9, a guide wheel fixedly connected to the generator body, and a turbine connected to the generator body by magnetic coupling. The turbine is located behind the guide wheel. The high-speed mud flows to the turbine under the diversion effect of the guide wheel, causing the turbine to rotate. The rotation of the turbine converts the kinetic energy of the mud into the rotation energy of the motor rotor, thereby driving the generator body to generate electricity. The power generated by the generator body is transmitted to the instrument circuit through the three-phase line on the upper flow channel converter 9, and then transmitted to the lower instrument through the pulse generator 7, so as to realize the power supply of the entire string of instruments. In this embodiment, the guide wheel is installed in front of the turbine, which has a diversion effect on the mud fluid, controls the direction of mud flow, increases the rotation torque of the turbine, and thus increases the output power of the generator.

[0033] Preferably, different turbine and stator combinations can be used according to different displacements to broaden the displacement range of the mud that the instrument is suitable for. The displacement range can preferably meet the needs of small displacement (2.8~3.8 m 3 / min), medium displacement (3.8~4.8 m 3 / min) and high displacement (4.8~6 m 3 / min) demand.

[0034] Also preferably, three second top screws can be installed near the guide wheel to support the guide wheel and straighten it.

[0035] Under high-displacement mud flow, since the high-speed mud carries a large amount of solid particles through the guide wheel and turbine quickly, it will cause high erosion to the guide wheel and turbine. Once the turbine and guide wheel fail due to erosion damage, the generator will not be able to generate electricity and the instrument will not be able to operate. In view of this, in a preferred embodiment, the guide wheel and the generator body can be integrally formed, and the turbine can be integrally formed. The guide wheel and the generator body are preferably integrally formed by 3D printing. The outer surface of the guide wheel and the turbine can be sprayed with strength reinforcement material. The strength reinforcement material can preferably be a nickel-based high-temperature alloy, such as Inconel 718 alloy.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the turbine is formed by machining Inconel 718 alloy + surface electroplating coating, and the guide wheel is formed by 3D printing Inconel 718 alloy, which improves the erosion resistance of the turbine and the guide wheel and meets the operating requirements under high displacement.

[0037] Similarly, at high mud flow rate, if the upper flow channel converter 9 and the lower flow channel converter 10 fail due to erosion damage, the bus will be exposed or even broken, that is, the generator cannot generate electricity or the pulse generator 7 cannot generate pulse signals, and the communication between the well and the downhole is disconnected. In view of this, in a preferred embodiment, a strength reinforcement material can be sprayed on the inner surface of the upper flow channel converter 9 and the lower flow channel converter 10. The strength reinforcement material can preferably be a nickel-based high-temperature alloy, such as Inconel 718 alloy.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the upper flow channel converter 9 and the lower flow channel converter 10 can automatically generate an erosion-resistant flow channel structure through parametric fluid simulation optimization modeling. At the same time, a special process of supersonic spraying of cemented carbide is adopted on the surface to improve the erosion resistance, increase the service life of the instrument, and meet the operating requirements of the instrument under high displacement.

[0039] In such Figure 1 and Fig. 9In the preferred embodiment shown, the circuit skeleton 6 may include a test section and a circuit board mounting section 14 connected in sequence, the test section is connected to the upper flow channel converter 9, the circuit board mounting section 14 is connected to the lower flow channel converter 10, a circuit board is mounted on the circuit board mounting section 14, a holding tube 13 is provided on the outer cover of the circuit board, and a circuit test port is provided on the area of ​​the circuit drill collar 2 corresponding to the test section, such as Fig. 9 As shown, a cover plate 102 is detachably connected to the circuit test port, and a sunken wear-resistant belt 101 is provided on the area of ​​the circuit drill collar 2 near the cover plate 102 and / or the outer peripheral wall of the holding tube 13.

[0040] In such Fig.10 In the preferred embodiment shown, a groove 104 is provided on the area of ​​the circuit drill collar 2 near the cover plate 102 and / or the outer peripheral wall of the holding tube 13, and the sunken wear-resistant belt 101 includes a plurality of wear-resistant layers which are sequentially connected from bottom to top in the groove 104 and are arranged in a step-like manner with gradually decreasing sizes. Fig.10 The first wear-resistant layer 1011, the second wear-resistant layer 1012 and the third wear-resistant layer 1013 are shown in a stepped arrangement, and the first wear-resistant layer 1011 located at the bottom is filled and fixed in the entire groove 104, and its top is flush with the opening of the groove 104. The first wear-resistant layer 1011 can be fixed in the groove 104 by a laser cladding process, and adjacent wear-resistant layers can also be fixedly connected by a laser cladding process.

[0041] In this embodiment, due to the eddy current generated near the wear-resistant belt under high-displacement well conditions, the structure of the drill collar itself is destroyed and its strength is reduced. The structural design of the sinking wear-resistant belt 101 makes it so that the mud in the well is not flushed on the drill collar itself, but on the sinking wear-resistant belt 101. After the operation is completed, the sinking wear-resistant belt 101 can be repaired, which increases the number of wells and the length of time the drill collar is used. At the same time, it also optimizes the mud flow field between the wellbore and the tool annulus, which not only protects the tool body, but also extends the tool life.

[0042] By designing the structure of the sunken wear-resistant belt 101, that is, digging a certain depth (preferably 1mm) of the groove at the position of the wear-resistant belt of the drill collar, laser cladding a layer of wear-resistant belt as a base layer, and then laser cladding a layer of cemented carbide wear-resistant layer with a greater height (preferably 1.5mm). The hardness of the sunken wear-resistant belt 101 after laser cladding is preferably not less than 40HRC, the hardness of the embedded material is greater than 2000HV, and the hardness of the working surface is greater than 55HRC.

[0043] Preferably, if Fig. 9As shown, the sunken wear-resistant belt 101 formed on the tube 13 can be formed into a spiral laser-clad wear-resistant belt. The spiral line design pitch can preferably be 2000mm, the height is 445mm, and the spiral direction is right-handed, which conforms to the drilling direction of the instrument; considering that the tube 13 will be deformed under the condition of high-temperature cladding of the wear-resistant belt, the wear-resistant belt is designed to cover most of the position of the tube 13, avoiding the sealing surface, improving the process, and reducing the impact of deformation.

[0044] Also preferably, if Fig. 9 As shown, in the sunken wear-resistant belt 101 formed near the cover plate 102, the surface of the wear-resistant belt after laser cladding is polished to reduce the surface roughness of the wear-resistant belt and reduce the wear between the instrument and the well wall during drilling.

[0045] In such Figure 1 In the preferred embodiment shown, the Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the vortex drill collar is also connected to an upper flow guide assembly 5, and the pulse drill collar 3 is also connected to a lower flow guide assembly 12. Fig.11 As shown, the upper flow guide assembly 5 may include an upper flow guide 51 and a TIP head 52 connected to the upper flow guide 51, and the lower flow guide assembly 12 may include a lower flow guide 121 and a hard connector 122 connected to the lower flow guide 121. In this embodiment, in order to realize the connection and signal transmission between instruments, the upper end of the unified standard instrument is a standard API female thread + TIP head 52, and the lower end of the instrument is a standard API male thread + hard connector 122; the instrument connection is realized by matching the API male and female threads, and the communication between the instruments is realized by plugging the TIP head 52 and the hard connector 122. When the instrument communicates from top to bottom, the transmission signal is input from the TIP head 52 at the upper end of the instrument, transmitted to the circuit board on the circuit skeleton 6 through the bus of the vortex generator drill collar 1, and after the circuit board is processed, it is transmitted to the hard connector 122 at the lower end of the instrument through the bus of the pulser drill collar 3, and the signal is transmitted to the lower instrument through the plugging of the hard connector and the TIP head between the instruments. Similarly, when the instrument communicates from bottom to top, the transmission signal is input from the hard connector 122 at the bottom of the instrument, transmitted to the circuit board on the circuit skeleton 6 through the bus of the pulser drill collar 3, and after processing on the circuit board, it is transmitted to the TIP head 52 at the top of the instrument through the bus of the vortex generator drill collar 1, and the signal is transmitted to the upper instrument through the plug-in of the hard connector and the TIP head between the instruments.

[0046] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0047] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "thickness" and the like indicate orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0048] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A large-size high-speed shear valve mud pulser, characterized in that: include: A vortex generator drill collar, a circuit drill collar, a pulser drill collar and a hard connection drill collar which are threadedly connected in sequence, the vortex generator drill collar has a built-in turbine generator, the circuit drill collar has a built-in instrument circuit, the pulser drill collar has a built-in pulse generator, the hard connection drill collar has a built-in hard connection, the two ends of the circuit skeleton in the circuit drill collar are respectively fixedly connected with an upper flow channel converter and a lower flow channel converter, the upper flow channel converter is connected to the turbine generator, the lower flow channel converter is connected to the pulse generator, wherein the pulse generator includes a motor housing connected to the lower flow channel converter, A motor stator fixed in the motor housing, a motor rotor coaxially arranged in the motor stator, a torsion shaft connected to the motor rotor, a shear valve connected to the torsion shaft, and a shear valve plate fixedly connected to the motor housing, the shear valve and the shear valve plate are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, the torsion shaft at least includes a fixed section, a torsion section and a shear valve installation section connected in sequence, the fixed section axially passes through the motor rotor and is fixedly connected to the motor housing, the torsion section axially penetrates into and is suspended in the motor rotor, and the shear valve installation section is used to connect the shear valve.

2. The large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The torsion shaft also includes a first bearing mounting section and a second bearing mounting section connected between the torsion section and the shear valve mounting section, and a limit section located between the first bearing mounting section and the second bearing mounting section. The pulse generator also includes a bearing group installed on the first bearing mounting section, a small bearing installed on the second bearing mounting section, and a leather bag installed between the motor housing and the small bearing, one end of the leather bag is fixedly connected to the small bearing, and the other end is fixedly connected to the area of ​​the motor housing close to the limit section, and the area of ​​the first bearing mounting section located between the torsion section and the bearing group is fixedly connected to the motor rotor.

3. The large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The shear valve installation section is constructed as a special-shaped pentagonal structure, and a special-shaped pentagonal hole for matching with the special-shaped pentagonal structure is opened at the center of the shear valve.

4. The large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The shear valve includes a valve body and a plurality of valve leaves formed on the outer periphery of one side end face of the valve body, the special-shaped pentagonal hole axially penetrates the center of the valve body, the shear valve also includes a reinforcing rib extending from the upper area of ​​the valve leaf toward the other side end face of the valve body, the area where the reinforcing rib is connected to the valve leaf is formed with a fillet, the outer diameter range of the shear valve is: 95-115mm, the number of opening angles range is: 6-8, the range of the fillet is: R10-R50mm, the angle range of the reinforcing rib is: 35°-60°, the thickness range of the reinforcing rib is: 8-16mm, the shear valve plate includes a shear valve plate body and a plurality of valve plates formed on the outer periphery of the shear valve plate body, a flow channel is formed between adjacent valve plates, the outer diameter range of the valve plate is: 90-110mm, and the number of opening angles range is: 6-8.

5. The large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The pulse generator also includes a micro reducer mounted on the first bearing mounting section and located at the front end of the bearing group.

6. The large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The turbine generator includes a generator body connected to the upper flow channel converter, a guide wheel fixedly connected to the generator body, and a turbine magnetically coupled to the generator body. The turbine is located behind the guide wheel. High-speed mud flows toward the turbine under the guidance of the guide wheel, causing the turbine to rotate, thereby driving the generator body to generate electricity.

7. The large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide wheel is integrally formed with the generator body, and the turbine is integrally formed.

8. The large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer surfaces of the guide wheel and the turbine, the inner surfaces of the upper flow channel converter and the lower flow channel converter are sprayed with strength reinforcement materials.

9. The large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The circuit skeleton includes a test section and a circuit board installation section which are connected in sequence, the test section is connected to the upper flow channel converter, the circuit board installation section is connected to the lower flow channel converter, a circuit board is installed on the circuit board installation section, a holding tube is provided on the outer surface of the circuit board, a circuit test port is opened on the area of ​​the circuit drill collar corresponding to the test section, a cover plate is detachably connected to the circuit test port, and a sunken wear-resistant belt is provided on the area of ​​the circuit drill collar near the cover plate and / or the outer peripheral wall of the holding tube.

10. The large-size high-speed shear valve type mud pulser according to claim 9, characterized in that: The circuit drill bit is provided with grooves in the area near the cover plate and / or on the outer peripheral wall of the clamping tube. The sunken wear-resistant belt includes a plurality of wear-resistant layers which are connected in sequence from bottom to top in the groove and are arranged in steps with gradually decreasing sizes. The wear-resistant layer at the bottom is filled and fixed in the entire groove, and its top end is flush with the opening of the groove.

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