Front eccentric block excitation cutting disc rock breaking device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hard rock cutting and tunneling, and particularly relates to a front eccentric block excitation cutting disc rock breaking device which comprises a cutting assembly, an eccentric excitation device, a driving assembly and a supporting assembly, and the rear portion of the supporting assembly is fixedly connected with a cutting arm of a tunneling machine; the driving assembly comprises a motor, a main shaft and various connecting devices; an eccentric excitation device and a cutting assembly are mounted at the front end of the main shaft; the cutting assembly is mounted at the front end of the main shaft; the driving device ensures stable rotation of the cutterhead and enables vibration generated by the eccentric excitation device to be transmitted to the cutterhead. Vibration generated by rotation of the eccentric block is utilized to enable the cutter head to impact the rock, so that the rock is collapsed, and the rock is efficiently cut; as the cutter head cuts the rock mainly by means of vibration impact generated by the eccentric device, compared with a self-rotating mode and a traditional milling rock breaking mode and a TBM rolling mode, the efficiency of cutting the rock is improved, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of hard rock cutting and tunneling, and in particular relates to a rock breaking device with a front eccentric block exciting cutting disk. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of society, the scale of underground engineering construction in my country continues to expand. However, hard rock excavation technology has always faced technical difficulties such as short tool life, low cutting efficiency, and large cutting load, especially in hard and extremely hard rock formations with a Pugh hardness coefficient of f>8. These problems are more prominent. Therefore, the drilling and blasting method is still mainly used for hard rock excavation. However, the drilling and blasting method also has many disadvantages, such as under-excavation or over-excavation, large disturbance to the surrounding rock, and poor safety, which limits its application in complex geological conditions.

[0003] At present, rock excavation equipment mainly adopts two methods: pick milling and TBM cutter rock breaking. However, these two technologies have some shortcomings. In the case of pick milling and rock breaking under hard rock conditions, the picks are prone to severe wear, resulting in high maintenance costs. In addition, as the power increases, the vibration of the propulsion body will also increase, thereby shortening the service life of equipment accessories. On the other hand, TBM cutter rock breaking requires a large propulsion force by driving the cutter disc to squeeze and impact between rock layers, but the energy actually used for cutting and breaking the rock accounts for a small proportion, so the overall cutting efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a pre-eccentric block excitation cutter disc rock breaking device that destroys rocks by generating vibration through the rotation of an eccentric mass block to achieve efficient rock cutting; at the same time, because the cutter disc can rub against the rock to generate self-rotation, the cutter disc wear is greatly reduced and the service life of the cutter disc is extended.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted is: a front eccentric block excitation cutting disc rock breaking device, including a cutting assembly, an eccentric excitation device, a driving assembly and a supporting assembly, the rear part of the supporting assembly is connected and fixed to the cutting arm of the tunnel boring machine; the cutting assembly is fixed at the front end of the main shaft; the cutting assembly rotates freely by friction with the rock; the driving assembly is inside the supporting assembly, and the excitation device is installed at the front end of the main shaft; the driving device provides power to the eccentric excitation device to generate radial vibration, so that the cutter disc can stably cut the rock.

[0006] According to the eccentric vibration rock breaking device of the present invention, the driving component in the rock breaking device is started, and the main shaft drives the eccentric excitation device to rotate to generate high-frequency vibration, so that the cutter head can perform radial vibration rock breaking.

[0007] According to the eccentric vibration rock breaking device of the present invention, the main shaft is driven by the eccentric excitation device to rotate, and the cutter head contacts the rock to generate collision, so that the cutter head generates self-rotation.

[0008] By means of the above scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0009] The oscillation intensity and frequency of the cutting assembly are adjusted through the eccentric excitation device, the mass of the eccentric block and the spindle speed are adjusted according to different rocks, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the eccentric excitation device driven by the spindle causes the cutter disc to vibrate at high frequency to cause fatigue cracks in the rock, and the rock breaking head is driven by the cutting arm to peel off the rock with fatigue cracks, thereby reducing the cutting force; the mass and position of the mass block on the eccentric excitation device are adjusted, a sensor is added to the knife barrel, and the spindle speed is adjusted according to the actual cutting situation, which can also improve the rock cutting efficiency and expand the range of rock types that can be broken.

[0010] When the cutterhead is eccentrically vibrating and breaking the rock, the cutterhead rubs against the rock and rotates. This follow-up motion can reduce the wear of the cutterhead and increase its service life, thereby reducing costs and solving problems such as uneven wear and severe wear of the cutterhead when cutting hard rock.

[0011] The device of the present invention adopts a block disassembly design. When the cutter disc is severely worn, it only needs to be disassembled and replaced. The cutter barrel part, the eccentric excitation device, etc. are all detachable mechanisms, and the worn parts are easy to replace.

[0012] The above description is only a summary of the technical method of the present invention, so that the technical method can be more clearly understood and can be implemented according to its content. The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 This is a front view of the eccentric vibration rock breaking device of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the eccentric vibration rock breaking device of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 An exploded view of the eccentric vibration rock breaking device of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Exploded view at A;

[0017] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Exploded view at point B.

[0018] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0019] 1. Cutter disc; 2. Half-round knife cylinder; 3. Cutter cylinder sealing end cover; 4. Lug; 5. Center axis; 6. Shell sealing end cover; 7. Shell; 8. Wrist; 9. Cutter head sealing end cover; 10. First bearing; 11. Cutter head front end fixing device; 12. Ring; 13. Eccentric device; 14. Oil soaking strip; 15. Connector; 16. Coupling; 17. Motor; 18. Spline; 19. Second bearing; 20. Cutter head rear end fixing device; 21. Round nut; 22. Stop washer; 23. Third bearing; 24. Fourth bearing; 25. Spindle.

[0020] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings and examples to explain the specific embodiments of the present invention in more detail. The following embodiments are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be pointed out that when one element is "connected", "coupled" or "connected" to another element, they can be considered to be directly connected, coupled or connected, but it should be recognized that there may be intermediate elements between them; this includes the positional relationship of direct connection and indirect connection.

[0022] It should be noted that when the terms “first”, “second” and “third” are used to describe the various elements of the present invention, they do not mean any limitation of order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish one element from another.

[0023] It should be noted that when using words such as "up", "down", "left" and "right" to indicate directions, it is only for the convenience of explaining the relationship of relative positions, and does not require that the device or element mentioned must have a specific direction, or be constructed and operated in a specific direction; when the absolute position of the object being described changes, this relative position relationship will also change accordingly.

[0024] The present embodiment discloses a front eccentric block excitation cutting disc rock breaking device, comprising a support assembly whose rear portion is connected and fixed to the cutting arm of the tunnel boring machine; the cutting assembly is connected and fixed to the eccentric excitation device at the front end of the main shaft; the cutting assembly self-rotates by friction with the rock; the driving assembly is installed inside the support assembly, the motor is installed and fixed in the lug, the motor drives the main shaft to drive the eccentric excitation device to rotate; the eccentric device is installed and fixed at the front end of the main shaft, and rotates driven by the main shaft to generate centrifugal force and high-frequency vibration.

[0025] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The attached figure shows the structure of the rock breaking device. Most of the parts of the device are distributed and installed on the main shaft with the main shaft as the center. Among them, the wrist and the lug part are connected to the cutting arm of the tunnel boring machine and remain fixed. The main shaft and the eccentric device rotate synchronously, and the cutter head and the cutter barrel rotate automatically.

[0026] The cutter disc and the cutter barrel are installed at the front end of the main shaft and connected to the main shaft through the first bearing and the second bearing. When cutting rocks, the cutter head will receive a large radial force. Two tapered roller bearings are used here to be installed in reverse. When the overall size of the cutter barrel is small, through the reasonable design of the cutter barrel parts, enough space is left between the cutter barrels to install the eccentric device, so that the eccentric device does not interfere with the cutter barrel when rotating, and the size and position of the eccentric block on the eccentric device can be adjusted more flexibly. The eccentric device is installed on the spline part of the main shaft and fixed by the shoulder and the collar to reduce the damage to other parts caused by the vibration generated by it.

[0027] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that the rear end of the knife barrel and the front end of the shell are sealed with non-contact gaps. By installing a lubricating oil adding device, when the spindle rotates at high speed, sand and dust are prevented from entering the elbow, ensuring the sealing of the knife barrel and the shell, and reducing the friction between the knife barrel and the shell.

[0028] Depend on Figure 2 It can be seen that the third bearing and the fourth bearing are fixed by round nuts and locking washers. At the same time, since the installation of the locking washers requires slotting on the shaft, in order to ensure the sealing of the housing, an oil-immersed strip is added here.

[0029] axis Figure 2 as well as Figure 4 Yes, the main shaft can be fixed in the housing by the third bearing and the fourth bearing. The bearings used are tapered roller bearings. In order to ensure the stability of the device when breaking rocks, a pair of tapered roller bearings are used here as a device to connect the main shaft and the housing. The outer ring of the clamping bearing is pre-tightened to improve the rotation accuracy of the bearing, increase the stiffness of the bearing and reduce the vibration of the cutting arm connected to the rock breaking device.

[0030] The eccentric mechanism is arranged in the cavity of the knife barrel, the eccentric device is connected and fixed to the main shaft by a spline, and the eccentric block is installed in the eccentric device, including but not limited to threaded connection forms. Figure 4 The eccentric device is only for illustration, and the actual rhythm can be adjusted according to the size and type of the eccentricity. Its position is fixed between the first bearing and the second bearing, wherein the inner diameter and outer diameter of the first bearing are both smaller than the second bearing; the rear section of the main shaft is connected to the motor through a connection form not limited to splines and couplings; the motor is fixedly connected in the wrist.

[0031] Specifically, the eccentric mechanism and the motor of the present invention can be replaced with other power devices that can provide power according to specific circumstances, such as hydraulic motors, etc.; the eccentric mass block of the present invention can be replaced with other devices that can induce oscillation according to specific circumstances, such as electromagnetic oscillation devices, etc.

[0032] The working principle of rock breaking in the present invention is: the main shaft drives the eccentric device to rotate to generate centrifugal force, which acts on the front end of the main shaft. At this time, the cutter barrel installed at the front end of the main shaft will rotate eccentrically, and the center of the cutter head and the rotation center of the main shaft will be at a distance. When the spindle speed reaches a certain value, high-frequency vibration will be generated. The vibration causes stress accumulation inside the rock, causing relative displacement of internal particles, thereby accumulating elastic potential energy; when the stress accumulates to a certain extent and reaches the destruction limit, the cutter head scrapes against the rock, destroying the tensile strength of the rock and causing large-scale rock collapse.

[0033] It should be noted that the size and position of the eccentric block in the eccentric device, the speed of the main shaft, and the vibration frequency of the cutter head are all different according to the type of rock to be cut. According to the type of rock to be cut, the size and position of the eccentric block and the speed of the motor are adjusted to achieve efficient and accurate rock breaking effect.

[0034] In summary, the rock breaking method provided by the present invention can improve the cutting efficiency, reduce the cutting force on the cutter head, expand the range of rock use, reduce the wear of the cutter head, and reduce the cost of rock breaking.

[0035] What is described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that a person skilled in the art may make several modifications and variations without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A front eccentric block vibration cutting disc rock breaking device, characterized in that: It includes a cutting assembly, an eccentric excitation device, a driving assembly and a supporting assembly. The rear part of the supporting assembly is connected and fixed to the cutting arm of the tunnel boring machine; the cutting assembly is fixed to the front end of the main shaft; the cutting assembly rotates freely by friction with the rock; the driving assembly is inside the supporting assembly, and the excitation device is installed at the front end of the main shaft; the driving device provides power for the eccentric excitation device to generate radial vibration, so that the cutter disc can stably cut the rock.

2. A pre-eccentric block exciting cutter rock breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting assembly comprises: a cutter disc (1), a mating semicircular cutter cylinder (2), a cutter head sealing end cover (9), a first bearing (10), a cutter head front end fixing device (11), a second bearing (19), a cutter head rear end fixing device (20), and a cutter head sealing end cover (3); the cutter disc (1) is detachably mounted on the front end of the mating semicircular cutter cylinder (2) and is fixed by the cutter head front end fixing device (11); the first bearing (10) is mounted on the front end of the main shaft (25) and is fixed by the cutter head sealing end cover (9) and the collar (12), and its outer ring is fixed to the cutter head front end fixing device (11). The first and second bearings (19) are mounted on the front end of the main shaft (25) and fixed by the eccentric device (13) and the shaft shoulder, and the outer ring of the second bearing (19) is connected to the rear end fixing device (20) of the cutter head; the mating semicircular knife barrel (2) is mounted on the front end fixing device (11) of the cutter head and the rear end fixing device (20) of the cutter head, and is sealed by the knife barrel sealing end cover (3); the cutting assembly rotates freely by friction with the rock, and the first bearing and the second bearing mounted on the main shaft (25) ensure that the cutter head and the main shaft (25) can rotate at different speeds around the central axis (5).

3. A pre-eccentric block exciting cutter rock breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The eccentric excitation device comprises: an eccentric device (13), a collar (12), and a spline (18); a detachable mass block is installed on the eccentric device (13), and different mass blocks are replaced according to actual working conditions. The structure on the eccentric device (13) and the installation method of the mass block are not described here; the eccentric device (13) is installed on the spline (18) at the front end of the main shaft (25), and is fixed by the collar (12) and the second bearing (19) to ensure that the main shaft (25) can drive the eccentric device (13) to rotate around the central axis (5) to generate vibration;.

4. The rock breaking device with a front eccentric block and a vibration cutting disk according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The coupled semicircular knife cylinder (2) and the main shaft (25) are connected and fixed via a first bearing (10), a front end fixing device (11) of the cutter head, a second bearing (19), and a rear end fixing device (20) of the cutter head; the coupled semicircular knife cylinder (2) is composed of two identical parts, which are mounted on the outermost side of the knife cylinder, and the cutter head (1) is mounted on the coupled semicircular knife cylinder (2); a space is reserved inside the knife cylinder for mounting the eccentric excitation device; and the cutting assembly is freely rotated by friction with the rock via the first bearing (10) and the second bearing (19).

5. The rock breaking device with a front eccentric block and a vibration cutting disk according to claim 3 is characterized by: The eccentric device (13) is installed at the front end of the main shaft (25) through a spline, and is located between the first bearing (10) and the second bearing (19), close to the cutter head (1). When the main shaft (25) drives the eccentric device (13) to rotate, the vibration generated by the rotation of the eccentric device (13) can be effectively transmitted to the cutter head (1), thereby improving the efficiency of cutting rocks.

6. The rock breaking device with front eccentric block and exciting cutting disk according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises: a main shaft (25), a connector (15), a coupling (16), and a motor (17); in the driving assembly, the motor (17) is connected to the main shaft through the coupling (16) and the connector (15), and the motor (17) is fixedly mounted on the wrist to provide power to rotate the main shaft (25).

7. The rock breaking device with a front eccentric block and a vibration cutting disk according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The support assembly comprises: a housing sealing end cover (6), an oil soaking strip (14), a housing (7), a wrist (8), a lug (4), a third bearing (23), a fourth bearing (24), a round nut (21), and a stop washer (22); the lug (4) is connected to the rear end cutting arm. The housing (7) is installed on the outside of the third bearing (23) and the fourth bearing (24), and is connected to the wrist (8). The third bearing (23) and the fourth bearing (24) are fixed by a round nut (21) and a stop washer (22). The housing sealing end cover (6) is installed at the front end of the housing (7), and the part in contact with the bearing is a sealing device, and the oil soaking strip is used to ensure that the lubricating oil does not enter the interior of the housing.

8. The rock breaking device with a front eccentric block and a vibration cutting disk according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The cutter disc (1) is self-rotating, and its rotation speed is different from that of the main shaft (25). The rotation speeds of the inner and outer rings of the first bearing (10) and the second bearing (19) are different.

9. The rock breaking device with a front eccentric block and a vibration cutting disk according to claim 5, characterized in that: The eccentric device (13) is installed at the front end of the main shaft, inside the knife barrel, and generates vibration through the rotation of the eccentric mass block.

10. A pre-eccentric block exciting cutter rock breaking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third bearing (23) and the fourth bearing (24) are installed on the main shaft in pairs and fixed by a round nut (21) and a stop washer (22). The outer rings are fixed and the inner rings rotate with the main shaft.

11. A pre-eccentric block exciting cutter rock breaking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The front end of the housing (7) is sealed by a housing sealing end cover (6) and an oil soaking strip (14), and the oil soaking strip (14) is mounted on the main shaft (25).

12. The rock breaking device with front eccentric block and exciting cutting disk according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drive assembly is arranged inside the support assembly, the motor (17) is installed in the wrist (8), and the rear end of the wrist (8) is connected to the lug (4). The structure of the lug (4) is for reference only, and the specific structure depends on the installation method of the cutting arm of the tunnel boring machine.

13. The rock breaking device with front eccentric block and exciting cutting disk according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support assembly is connected and fixed to the cutting arm of the tunnel boring machine.

14. A front eccentric block vibration cutting disk rock breaking device, characterized in that: include: The main body of the tunnel boring machine; A cutting arm of a tunnel boring machine, which is arranged at the front of the tunnel boring machine body; And a rock breaking device as described in any one of claims 1 to 13, which is arranged at the front end of the cutting arm of the tunnel boring machine.

Images