Mine roadway supporting method

Abstract

The invention provides a mine roadway supporting method, which relates to the technical field of mine construction, and comprises the following steps: S1, detecting and measuring the interior of a roadway, determining a building area of a stand column bracket and a top beam bracket, and building the stand column bracket and the top beam bracket after the building area is determined; s2, a weak position is found in the building area, and the deformation detection device is arranged at the weak position for auxiliary reinforcement; and S3, an air pumping device communicates with the first detection cavity of the deformation detection device, and supporting of the roadway is completed. The deformation detection device can be installed at any position and does not need to be installed on a light propagation path, the number of internal related elements is small, and the installation process is simple and rapid; and the maintenance personnel can quickly position the deformation point according to the sound, so that the subsequent reinforcement efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mine construction, and in particular to a mine tunnel supporting method. Background Art

[0002] In order to ensure the safety of ore mining, support is required in the mine tunnel to avoid falling debris and ensure safety.

[0003] Shed-type support using metal brackets is a common support method. The support materials need to be installed at predetermined positions in the tunnel to form a protective barrier in the tunnel to prevent the falling of gravel. When the tunnel is deformed or the amount of gravel falling exceeds the threshold, the support structure cannot support it, affecting the safety of the support. Deformation detection devices are usually installed on the inside or outside of the support structure for real-time monitoring.

[0004] Some structures detect deformation through optical detection structures, using the characteristic of linear propagation of light. When the deformation of the support structure exceeds a threshold, it forms an obstacle to the normal propagation of light. However, more optical detection elements need to be installed through the above structure, and their installation path needs to be on a straight line. However, the actual situation varies, and the above optical detection method has limited application, which is not conducive to the normal support of mine tunnels. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a mine tunnel support method. The deformation detection device of the invention can be installed at any position and does not need to be installed on the light propagation path. It has few internal related components and the installation process is simple and fast. Maintenance personnel can quickly locate the deformation point based on the sound, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent reinforcement.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A mine tunnel support method uses a tunnel support device, the tunnel support device includes a column support and a top beam support, and also includes a deformation detection device, the deformation detection device includes a support base, a first detection device is arranged in the middle of the support base, the first detection device is a telescopic rod including a first detection base and a first detection telescopic end, the inner wall of the first detection base is slidably connected to a first sealing piston fixedly connected to the first detection telescopic end, the first detection base is divided into a first detection chamber and a second detection chamber by the first sealing piston, the first detection chamber is connected to a pumping device, the side wall of the first detection base is provided with an air outlet, and a sounding element is arranged inside the air outlet; the method includes the following steps: S1, detecting and measuring the tunnel to determine the construction area of ​​the column support and the top beam support, and completing the construction of the column support and the top beam support after the construction area is determined; S2, finding a weak position in the construction area, and arranging the above-mentioned deformation detection device at the weak position for auxiliary reinforcement; S3, connecting the pumping device with the first detection chamber of the deformation detection device to complete the support of the tunnel.

[0007] Preferably, the deformation detection device is provided in plurality, and the first detection chambers of the plurality of deformation detection devices are connected in series through a pumping pipeline to form a closed loop, and the air pump device is arranged in the closed loop.

[0008] Preferably, a second detection device is installed at the lower end of the first detection device, the second detection device is a telescopic rod, the inner diameter of the second detection device is smaller than the inner diameter of the first detection device, and the second detection device is connected to the first detection device through a conveying pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the second detection device includes a second detection base, the inner wall of the second detection base is sealingly and slidably connected with a second sealing piston, the second sealing piston separates the second detection base into a third detection chamber and a fourth detection chamber, the second detection chamber and the third detection chamber are connected through the delivery pipe, the second detection chamber is filled with alarm liquid, and the side wall of the second detection base is provided with a liquid outlet.

[0010] Preferably, a second detection telescopic end is fixed to the side wall of the second sealing piston, and the second detection telescopic end passes through the second detection base and is sealed and slidably connected thereto.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting rod is fixed to the side wall of the first detection telescopic end, and an inclined detection rod is provided on the side wall of the connecting rod. The detection rod is provided in two groups and the inclination directions of the two groups of detection rods are opposite.

[0012] Preferably, the detection rod is connected to the support base through a connecting assembly on one side close to the support base, a mounting groove penetrating from top to bottom is provided on the surface of the support base, and the connecting assembly is located in the mounting groove.

[0013] Preferably, after determining the weak position, use a cleaning tool to clean the gravel and soil in the weak position to ensure that the weak position is flat and clean; then measure the distance between the weak position and the top plane of the column bracket, and determine the installation position and installation status of the deformation detection device based on the distance.

[0014] Preferably, before installing the deformation detection device, the deformation detection device is first abutted against the surface of the weak position, the position of the higher points of the two detection rods is controlled to abut against the weak position, and the deformation detection device and the column bracket are fixed while keeping the detection rods in a tight state.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: Compared with the existing technology, the deformation detection device can be installed arbitrarily through sound detection and traditional optical detection. It does not need to be installed on the light propagation path. It has few internal related components and the installation process is simple and fast. At the same time, after the alarm occurs, the alarm sound can be heard directly, and the staff can be reminded to evacuate in time without the need for signal conversion through intermediate detection elements. Maintenance personnel can quickly locate the deformation point based on the sound, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent reinforcement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the top view structure.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the deformation detection device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the side structure.

[0020] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure viewed from above.

[0021] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the top view structure.

[0022] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the main structure.

[0023] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A is an enlarged structural diagram of FIG.

[0024] In the figure: 100, column bracket; 200, top beam bracket; 300, deformation detection device; 310, support base; 311, mounting groove; 320, detection rod; 321, mounting hole; 330, connecting assembly; 331, first connecting rod; 332, second connecting rod; 333, third connecting rod; 340, first detection device; 3401, first detection chamber; 3402, second detection chamber; 341, first detection base; 342, first detection telescopic end; 343, connecting rod; 344, first sealing piston; 345, air outlet; 346, spring; 350, second detection device; 3501, third detection chamber; 351, second detection base; 352, second detection telescopic end; 353, liquid outlet; 354, second sealing piston; 360, delivery pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology, Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8 A mine tunnel support method uses a tunnel support device, which includes a column support 100 and a top beam support 200, and also includes a deformation detection device 300. The column support 100 here is selected as a U-shaped support structure, which can support the inner wall and top wall of the tunnel. The top beam support 200 here is selected as a long strip structure, which can support the top structure or side wall structure between two adjacent column supports 100, thereby ensuring the stability of the support in the tunnel and avoiding tunnel collapse or falling of gravel to affect safety.

[0027] The deformation detection device 300 can detect the places where the top wall or side wall is deformed more greatly. When the deformation exceeds the threshold, it means that the support of the support device cannot play a protective role at this time and there is a risk of collapse. The deformation detection device 300 will issue an alarm in time to remind the staff to leave quickly or carry out reinforcement.

[0028] Specifically, the deformation detection device 300 includes a support base 310, and a first detection device 340 is disposed in the middle of the support base 310. The first detection device 340 can be fixed at a predetermined position through the support base 310 to achieve real-time monitoring of the point.

[0029] The first detection device 340 is a telescopic rod including a first detection base 341 and a first detection telescopic end 342. The inner wall of the first detection base 341 is slidably connected to a first sealing piston 344 fixedly connected to the first detection telescopic end 342. The first detection base 341 is divided into a first detection chamber 3401 and a second detection chamber 3402 by the first sealing piston 344. The first detection chamber 3401 is connected to an air pump device. The side wall of the first detection base 341 is provided with an air outlet 345, and a sound-emitting element is arranged inside the air outlet 345.

[0030] Under normal conditions, the air outlet 345 and the first detection chamber 3401 are separated from each other. At this time, the gas in the air pumping device cannot be discharged from the air pumping device, and no sound will be generated.

[0031] When the top of the first detection device 340 is subjected to excessive pressure, the first detection telescopic end 342 and the first sealing piston 344 are pressed downward under the action of pressure. During this process, the first detection chamber 3401 gradually expands, and the second detection chamber 3402 gradually shrinks. When the first sealing piston 344 moves to a position below the air outlet 345, the gas of the air pumping device can be discharged through the air outlet 345, and the discharged gas blows out an alarm sound through the sound-emitting element.

[0032] The sound-generating element here can be selected as an existing metal wire or an existing whistle or other element, and the sound is produced when the gas blows the sound-generating element to vibrate at a high frequency.

[0033] The specific support method includes the following steps: S1. Detect and measure the inside of the tunnel to determine the construction area of ​​the column support 100 and the top beam support 200. After the construction area is determined, the column support 100 and the top beam support 200 are constructed; first install multiple column supports 100, and then fix multiple top beam supports 200.

[0034] S2. Find a weak position in the construction area and place the above-mentioned deformation detection device 300 at the weak position for auxiliary reinforcement; the installation position of the deformation detection device 300 can be selected arbitrarily and will not be affected. It can be in a straight line or have a certain angle.

[0035] S3. Connect the air pump device to the first detection chamber 3401 of the deformation detection device 300 to complete the support of the tunnel. After the air pump device is connected, the overall support and monitoring equipment are completed. When the staff hears the alarm sound, they evacuate in time or reinforce the sound source.

[0036] Compared with the traditional optical detection method, the deformation detection device 300 can be installed arbitrarily through sound detection. It does not need to be installed on the light propagation path. It has few internal related components and the installation process is simple and fast. At the same time, after the alarm occurs, the alarm sound can be heard directly, and the staff can be reminded to evacuate in time without the need for signal conversion through intermediate detection elements. Maintenance personnel can quickly locate the deformation point based on the sound, thereby improving the efficiency of subsequent reinforcement.

[0037] Preferably, a plurality of deformation detection devices 300 are provided, and the first detection chambers 3401 of the plurality of deformation detection devices 300 are connected in series through a pumping pipeline to form a closed loop, and the air pumping device is provided in the closed loop.

[0038] The closed circuit can be controlled to be in a high-pressure state through the pumping device. When one of the air outlet holes 345 is connected to the closed circuit, gas can be blown out continuously to achieve continuous sounding, which is convenient for overall detection.

[0039] A second detection device 350 is installed at the lower end of the first detection device 340, and auxiliary detection can be performed through the second detection device 350, and auxiliary detection can be performed by other means; the second detection device 350 is a telescopic rod, and the inner diameter of the second detection device 350 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first detection device 340, and the second detection device 350 is connected to the first detection device 340 through a conveying pipe 360. After the first detection device 340 is pressurized, the second detection device 350 here can change synchronously. Since the inner diameter of the second detection device 350 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first detection device 340, the second detection device 350 here has a larger range of telescopic changes, and can be accurately calculated based on the telescopic length of the second detection device 350.

[0040] Specifically; the second detection device 350 includes a second detection base 351, and the inner wall of the second detection base 351 is sealed and slidably connected with a second sealing piston 354, the second sealing piston 354 separates the second detection base 351 into a third detection chamber 3501 and a fourth detection chamber, and the second detection chamber 3402 and the third detection chamber 3501 are connected through a delivery pipe 360, the second detection chamber 3402 is filled with alarm liquid, and a liquid outlet 353 is opened on the side wall of the second detection base 351.

[0041] After the first detection device 340 is pressurized, the first sealing piston 344 here can be pressed down, and the alarm liquid in the second detection chamber 3402 can be pumped into the third detection chamber 3501. The alarm liquid entering the third detection chamber 3501 can push the second sealing piston 354 to move upward. When the second sealing piston 354 moves to a height exceeding the height of the liquid outlet hole 353, the alarm liquid is discharged from the liquid outlet hole 353 and drips onto the ground.

[0042] The alarm liquid can be a common liquid with good volatility. The amount of the dripping liquid is small and will not have a significant impact. At the same time, the staff can quickly determine the deformation point by observing the newly added liquid on the ground, and can make a quick judgment in combination with the sound alarm, further shortening the time for maintenance and positioning.

[0043] A second detection telescopic end 352 is fixed on the side wall of the second sealing piston 354. The second detection telescopic end 352 passes through the second detection base 351 and is sealed and slidably connected thereto. By setting the second detection telescopic end 352, on the one hand, the movement of the second sealing piston 354 can be guided to ensure the stability of the sealed sliding of the second sealing piston 354; at the same time, the cross-sectional size in the third detection chamber 3501 can also be reduced. At this time, the second detection device 350 is more sensitive to detect and meets the detection requirements under different situations.

[0044] A connecting rod 343 is fixed to the side wall of the first detection telescopic end 342, and an inclined detection rod 320 is arranged on the side wall of the connecting rod 343. Two groups of detection rods 320 are arranged, and the two groups of detection rods 320 are inclined in opposite directions. The inclined detection rods 320 can extend the pressure detection area of ​​the first detection telescopic end 342. After deformation occurs at various positions along the path of the detection rods 320, the first detection telescopic end 342 can be squeezed down, thereby increasing the detection area.

[0045] At the same time, the two groups of detection rods 320 with opposite tilt directions can utilize the effect of the lever to achieve sensitive and efficient detection of the extreme positions on both sides, thereby avoiding damage or blockage of traditional linear detection plates.

[0046] The detection rod 320 is connected to the support base 310 through a connecting assembly 330 at one side thereof close to the support base 310 . A mounting groove 311 extending vertically through the support base 310 is formed on the surface of the support base 310 . The connecting assembly 330 is located in the mounting groove 311 .

[0047] The connecting assembly 330 here includes a first connecting rod 331, a second connecting rod 332 and a third connecting rod 333. The third connecting rod 333 and the first connecting rod 331 are respectively located on both sides of the installation groove 311. The first connecting rod 331 is connected to the detection rod 320. The second connecting rod 332 here is used to connect the first connecting rod 331 and the third connecting rod 333. The third connecting rod 333 can be used to control the detection rod 320 to be in a locked state in the vertical direction, thereby realizing the rapid installation of the detection rod 320. At the same time, it also avoids the limitation of the lateral movement of the detection rod 320, thereby ensuring the stability of the overall detection.

[0048] The side wall of the detection rod 320 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 321 , and different mounting holes 321 can be selected to be connected with the connecting rod 343 according to the actual detection environment, thereby meeting the detection requirements in different environments.

[0049] After the weak position is determined in step S2, the gravel and soil in the weak position are cleaned with a cleaning tool to ensure that the weak position is flat and clean; then the distance between the weak position and the top plane of the column bracket 100 is measured, and the installation position and installation state of the deformation detection device 300 are determined according to the distance. It is necessary to control the detection rod 320 of the deformation detection device 300 to be tightly pressed against the inner wall of the weak position to ensure the accuracy of subsequent detection; at the same time, it is prevented that gravel and soil fall later and affect the subsequent accurate detection.

[0050] Furthermore, before installing the deformation detection device 300, the deformation detection device 300 is first pressed against the surface of the weak position, and the position of the higher points of the two detection rods 320 is controlled to press against the weak position. While keeping the detection rods 320 in a tight state, the deformation detection device 300 and the column bracket 100 are fixed. At this time, the two detection rods 320 are in a tight state. After deformation occurs on both sides and in the middle, the first detection device 340 can be squeezed and compressed. After the first detection device 340 is compressed, a series of actions are performed to achieve rapid deformation detection.

[0051] The installation direction of the deformation detection device 300 can be tilted or deflected around the length direction, and can be adjusted arbitrarily according to the actual installation position, thereby improving the adaptability of the overall installation.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mine tunnel support method, using a tunnel support device, the tunnel support device comprising a column support (100) and a top beam support (200), and also comprising a deformation detection device (300), characterized in that: The deformation detection device (300) comprises a support base (310), a first detection device (340) is arranged in the middle of the support base (310), the first detection device (340) is a telescopic rod comprising a first detection base (341) and a first detection telescopic end (342), the inner wall of the first detection base (341) is slidably connected to a first sealing piston (344) fixedly connected to the first detection telescopic end (342), the first detection base (341) is divided into a first detection chamber (3401) and a second detection chamber (3402) by the first sealing piston (344), the first detection chamber (3401) is connected to a pumping device, the side wall of the first detection base (341) is provided with an air outlet (345), and a sound-generating element is arranged inside the air outlet (345); The steps include: S1, inspecting and measuring the tunnel to determine the construction area of ​​the column support (100) and the top beam support (200), and after the construction area is determined, the column support (100) and the top beam support (200) are completed; S2, finding a weak position in the construction area, and placing the above-mentioned deformation detection device (300) at the weak position for auxiliary reinforcement; S3, connecting the air pump device to the first detection chamber (3401) of the deformation detection device (300) to complete the support of the tunnel.

2. A mine tunnel support method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformation detection device (300) is provided with a plurality of first detection chambers (3401) of the plurality of deformation detection devices (300) are connected in series via a pumping pipeline to form a closed loop, and the air pump device is provided in the closed loop.

3. A mine tunnel support method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second detection device (350) is installed at the lower end of the first detection device (340); the second detection device (350) is a telescopic rod; the inner diameter of the second detection device (350) is smaller than the inner diameter of the first detection device (340); and the second detection device (350) is connected to the first detection device (340) via a delivery pipe (360).

4. A mine tunnel support method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second detection device (350) comprises a second detection base (351), the inner wall of the second detection base (351) is sealingly and slidably connected with a second sealing piston (354), the second sealing piston (354) divides the second detection base (351) into a third detection chamber (3501) and a fourth detection chamber, the second detection chamber (3402) and the third detection chamber (3501) are connected via the delivery pipe (360), the second detection chamber (3402) is filled with alarm liquid, and the side wall of the second detection base (351) is provided with a liquid outlet (353).

5. A mine tunnel support method according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second detection telescopic end (352) is fixed to the side wall of the second sealing piston (354); the second detection telescopic end (352) passes through the second detection base (351) and is sealingly and slidably connected thereto.

6. A mine tunnel support method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting rod (343) is fixed to the side wall of the first telescopic detection end (342), and an inclined detection rod (320) is arranged on the side wall of the connecting rod (343). Two groups of the detection rods (320) are arranged, and the two groups of detection rods (320) are inclined in opposite directions.

7. A mine tunnel support method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection rod (320) is connected to the support base (310) via a connecting assembly (330) on a side close to the support base (310); a mounting groove (311) extending vertically through the support base (310) is formed on the surface of the support base (310); and the connecting assembly (330) is located in the mounting groove (311).

8. A mine tunnel support method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the weak position is determined, the gravel and soil in the weak position are cleaned using a cleaning tool to ensure that the weak position is flat and clean; then the distance between the weak position and the top plane of the column bracket (100) is measured, and the installation position and installation state of the deformation detection device (300) are determined based on the distance.

9. A mine tunnel support method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before installing the deformation detection device (300), the deformation detection device (300) is first abutted against the surface of the weak position, the positions of the higher points of the two detection rods (320) are controlled to abut against the weak position, and the deformation detection device (300) and the column bracket (100) are fixed while keeping the detection rods (320) in a tight abutment state.

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