Ventilation system for tunnel construction

Abstract

The invention provides a ventilation system for tunnel construction, relates to a tunnel ventilation technology, and particularly discloses a mounting main frame matched with a tunnel excavation section, a construction cavity is formed in the mounting main frame, and sealing structures used for sealing the construction cavity are arranged on the two sides of the mounting main frame; a driving mechanism is arranged on the mounting main frame and used for enabling the mounting main frame to move in the tunnel excavation direction; a plurality of ventilation pipes are mounted on the side, opposite to the tunnel excavation section, of the mounting main frame, a ventilation main pipe communicated with the ventilation pipes is mounted on the mounting main frame, and the ventilation main pipe is communicated with external air supply equipment; an air outlet communicated with the construction cavity is formed in the side wall, opposite to the tunnel excavation section, of the mounting main frame, a first pipeline is mounted on the mounting main frame, an air exhaust pipeline communicated with the air outlet is mounted in the construction cavity, and the output end of the first pipeline is opposite to the air outlet; a dust removal mechanism is arranged in the exhaust pipeline; and the air replacement efficiency in the area from the to-be-excavated face of the tunnel to the mounting main frame is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation, and in particular to a ventilation system for tunnel construction. Background Art

[0002] During the construction of tunnel projects, the ventilation system is a key link to ensure construction safety and efficiency. Good ventilation can effectively remove harmful gases and smoke in the tunnel, provide fresh air for construction workers, and also help reduce the temperature and humidity in the tunnel and improve the construction environment.

[0003] However, there are many problems with the current tunnel ventilation system. As tunnel construction continues to advance, tunnel length increases, ventilation ducts become longer and longer, and the power of ventilation fans is limited, making it difficult to deliver fresh air to distant construction faces. At the same time, wind pressure loss will also lead to poor air circulation at the far end. In addition, a large amount of harmful gases and smoke will be generated after blasting operations, and traditional ventilation methods are difficult to discharge them in time, affecting the health of construction workers. Moreover, most of the current ventilation systems use a uniform air supply volume, which cannot be flexibly adjusted according to actual working conditions, resulting in a waste of fan power and electricity resources. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation system for tunnel construction, which can solve the problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology in view of the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0006] The invention provides a ventilation system for tunnel construction, comprising a main mounting frame adapted to the tunnel excavation section, a construction chamber is provided inside the main mounting frame, and sealing structures for closing the construction chamber are provided on both sides of the main mounting frame;

[0007] The main installation frame is provided with a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used to move the main installation frame along the tunnel excavation direction;

[0008] Several ventilation pipes are installed on the side of the installation main frame opposite to the tunnel excavation section. A ventilation main pipe connected to the ventilation pipes is installed on the installation main frame, and the ventilation main pipe is connected to the external air supply equipment;

[0009] An exhaust port connected to the construction chamber is provided on the side wall of the installation main frame opposite to the tunnel excavation section, a first pipe is installed on the installation main frame, an exhaust pipe connected to the exhaust port is installed in the construction chamber, and an output end of the first pipe is opposite to the exhaust port;

[0010] A dust removal mechanism is provided in the exhaust duct.

[0011] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the sealing structure includes two fixed sealing plates arranged in pairs, and the two fixed sealing plates are respectively fixed to two sides of the mounting main frame;

[0012] The middle of the fixed sealing plate is provided with an inlet and outlet connected to the construction chamber, and a sealing door is installed in the inlet and outlet, and the exhaust port is provided in the middle of one of the sealing doors;

[0013] An annular airbag adapted to the fixed sealing plate is installed on its outer circumference, the outer side wall of the annular airbag abuts against the wall surface of the tunnel, and an air supply device connected with the annular airbag is installed in the main mounting frame.

[0014] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes several load-bearing frames installed in the main installation frame, each of which is equipped with a load-bearing support, and several load-bearing wheels are installed on the load-bearing support. The main installation frame is equipped with a hydraulic push rod connected to the load-bearing frame, and also includes a track installed on the bottom of the tunnel, and the load-bearing wheels are slidably set on the track.

[0015] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the dust removal mechanism includes a ring-shaped filter screen; one end of the exhaust duct is closed, and the other end of the exhaust duct is provided with an air inlet;

[0016] The filter screen is installed in the exhaust duct, and the filter screen is fixedly connected to the closed end of the exhaust duct; an exhaust chamber is formed between the filter screen and the inner wall of the exhaust duct;

[0017] The exhaust duct is provided with a first exhaust pipe which is in communication with the exhaust chamber;

[0018] A cleaning mechanism for cleaning the mesh holes of the filter screen is installed in the annular space of the filter screen.

[0019] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the cleaning mechanism includes a turbine blade structure and a shaft rod rotatably arranged at the opening of the exhaust duct; a cleaning cylinder is passed through the closed end of the exhaust duct, and a part of the cleaning cylinder is placed in the filter screen;

[0020] An installation hole is provided at one end of the cleaning barrel away from the turbine blade structure, and a shaft sleeve is passed through the installation hole; a retainer is installed on the closed end of the exhaust duct, the retainer is rotatably connected to the shaft sleeve, a shaft rod is installed in the shaft sleeve, the shaft rod passes through the cleaning barrel and then extends outward, and the extended end of the shaft rod is transmission-connected to the turbine blade structure;

[0021] A first bevel gear is mounted on the shaft rod, a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear is mounted on the shaft sleeve, a convex block is mounted on the second bevel gear, an annular groove is formed on the inner wall of the cleaning cylinder, and a part of the convex block is embedded in the groove;

[0022] A spiral cleaning strip is arranged on the outer wall of the cleaning cylinder, a through slot is arranged on the side wall opposite to the filter screen, the through slot is connected with the cleaning cylinder, and a negative pressure conveying structure for adsorbing and conveying dust is arranged in the cleaning cylinder.

[0023] In some technical schemes of the present invention, the negative pressure conveying structure includes an output pipe installed in the shaft rod, a baffle is installed on the first bevel gear, the outer wall of the baffle is abutted against the inner wall of the cleaning cylinder, a plurality of slag discharge holes are opened on the side wall of the baffle away from the second bevel gear, and the slag discharge holes are all connected to the output pipe, a conveying pump connected to the output pipe is installed on the main mounting frame, a filter box is connected at the output end of the conveying pump, and the filter box is connected to the first exhaust duct.

[0024] In some technical schemes of the present invention, an air-tight ring is also included. A second telescopic tube is installed at the air inlet of the exhaust duct, the second telescopic tube is connected to the air-tight ring, a plurality of first telescopic rods are installed on the outer wall of the exhaust duct, the telescopic ends of the first telescopic rods are connected to the air-tight ring, a sealing plate is installed on the side wall of the exhaust duct, a through hole connected to the exhaust duct is opened in the middle of the sealing plate, and the air-tight ring is installed in the through hole.

[0025] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a liquid inlet channel connected to the output pipe is opened on the shaft rod, a plurality of flushing pipes connected to the liquid inlet channel are installed on the outer wall of the shaft rod, and an opening and closing structure for opening and closing the liquid inlet channel is installed in the cleaning cylinder.

[0026] In some technical schemes of the present invention, the opening and closing structure includes an adjusting cylinder installed on the baffle, the adjusting cylinder, a connecting rod installed in the liquid inlet channel, two mounting grooves are provided on the inner wall of the liquid inlet channel, the two mounting grooves are respectively located on both sides of the connecting rod with the axis of the liquid inlet channel as the axis of symmetry, both ends of the connecting rod are provided with sealing blocks adapted to the mounting grooves, an adjusting hole connected to the liquid inlet channel is provided on the outer wall of the shaft rod, an adjusting rod connected to the connecting rod is passed through the adjusting hole, an adjusting spring adapted to the adjusting hole is sleeved on the adjusting rod, a first inner conical surface is provided on the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder, and an inclined surface adapted to the first inner conical surface is provided on the adjusting rod; in the initial state, the sealing block close to the connection between the liquid inlet channel and the output pipe is located in the mounting groove, and the other sealing block is located in the liquid inlet channel, and its part is located in the mounting groove adapted to it.

[0027] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a plurality of ventilation branches are provided on the outer side wall of the ventilation pipe along its extension direction, and the ventilation branches are all connected to the ventilation duct.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: the installation of the main frame in conjunction with the sealing structure can divide the tunnel into two parts, one of which is the area from the tunnel to be excavated to the installation of the main frame; the other is the area from the installation of the main frame to the tunnel entrance and exit; the above structure is used to block the dust, gas and polluted gases emitted by the equipment at the section of the tunnel to be excavated, so as to prevent the above pollutants from running rampant in the tunnel, and ensure that the air quality in most areas of the tunnel is not affected; the high-flow rate flowing liquid or gas ejected from the first pipe will generate a suction force on the airflow located behind it; the pollutants in the area from the tunnel to be excavated to the installation of the main frame can be sucked into the exhaust duct, and the air flow rate in the area from the tunnel to be excavated to the installation of the main frame can be accelerated; the efficiency of replacing polluted air from the tunnel to be excavated to the installation of the main frame with fresh air is improved; the dust removal mechanism can separate dust and polluted gas, so as to prevent dust from accumulating in the pipeline, resulting in the problem of reduced exhaust efficiency in the later stage of the pipeline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a partial front view structural diagram of the connection between the driving mechanism and the mounting main frame in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a side cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the dust removal mechanism in the present invention from the first perspective.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the dust removal mechanism in the present invention from a second viewing angle.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a partial installation structure diagram of the first pipeline in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the dust removal mechanism in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the dust removal mechanism in the present invention.

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a structural diagram of the internal installation structure of the cleaning cylinder in the present invention.

[0038] Fig.10 It is the installation structure diagram of the opening and closing structure in the present invention.

[0039] Fig.11 This is a diagram of the installation structure of the ventilation pipe and the ventilation branch pipe in the present invention.

[0040] Fig.12 This is a diagram of the installation structure of the cleaning strip and the cleaning barrel in the present invention.

[0041] Figure numerals: 1. Install the main frame; 101. Hydraulic push rod; 102. Track; 103. Load-bearing wheel; 104. Load-bearing frame; 105. Load-bearing support; 106. Annular airbag; 107. Fixed cover plate; 108. Sealing door; 109. Exhaust port; 2. Ventilation duct; 201. Ventilation branch pipe; 202. Ventilation main pipe; 3. Sewage main pipe; 301. Exhaust main pipe; 4. First pipeline; 401. First telescopic pipe; 402. First nozzle; 403. Second telescopic rod; 404. Connecting frame; 5. Exhaust duct; 501. Lifting equipment; 502. Frame structure; 503. Cleaning cylinder; 504. Bushing; 505. First exhaust duct; 506. Output pipeline; 507. Shaft rod ; 508, groove; 510, filter screen; 509, first bevel gear; 511, baffle; 513, turbine blade structure; 514, second telescopic tube; 515, airtight ring; 516, sealing plate; 517, bump; 518, second bevel gear; 519, cleaning strip; 520, guide body; 521, slag discharge hole; 522, through groove; 523, liquid inlet channel; 524, retaining frame; 525, first telescopic rod; 526, inner groove; 527, limit strip; 528, guide groove; 6, flushing pipeline; 601, adjusting cylinder; 602, mounting cylinder; 603, adjusting rod; 604, blocking block; 605, connecting rod; 606, adjusting spring; 7, delivery pump; 8, filter box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0043] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] Example

[0045] The present invention provides a ventilation system for tunnel construction, such as Figure 1-Figure 12As shown, it includes a main installation frame 1 adapted to the tunnel excavation section. The main installation frame 1 is a steel frame type. In actual use, a tunnel construction trolley can be used to reduce the difficulty of equipment manufacturing. A construction chamber is opened inside the main installation frame 1. The construction chamber can provide a larger operating space for the above-mentioned structure to perform exhaust operations at the tunnel excavation section, which is conducive to the installation of large equipment or equipment entering and exiting the tunnel. Both sides of the main installation frame 1 are provided with sealing structures for closing the construction chamber. The main installation frame 1 cooperates with the sealing structure to divide the tunnel into two parts, one of which is from the tunnel to be excavated to the main installation frame 1; the other area is from the main installation frame 1 to the tunnel entrance and exit. In this way, the dust, gas and polluted gas emitted by the equipment at the tunnel to be excavated section are blocked by the above-mentioned structure to prevent the above-mentioned pollutants from rampant in the tunnel, causing the ventilation system to fail to ensure the air quality of the tunnel, and the fresh air introduced into the tunnel cannot be effectively utilized.

[0046] The main installation frame 1 is provided with a driving mechanism, which is used to move the main installation frame 1 in the tunnel excavation direction. With the gradual increase of the tunnel construction depth, the pollutants in the tunnel section to be excavated can be continuously blocked, and the exhaust system installed in the main installation frame 1 can be used to discharge the pollutants from the tunnel section to be excavated to the area of ​​the main installation frame 1, providing a better construction environment for operators.

[0047] A plurality of ventilation pipes 2 are installed on the side of the installation main frame 1 opposite to the tunnel excavation section. The number of ventilation pipes 2 is at least 6 groups, and the 6 groups of ventilation pipes 2 are arranged on the side wall of the installation main frame 1 along the circumference of the circle where the installation main frame 1 is located, and the ventilation pipes 2 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the installation main frame 1 by bolts. The length of the ventilation pipes 2 is approximately equal to the distance from the tunnel excavation section to the installation main frame 1.

[0048] A ventilation main pipe 202 connected to the ventilation pipe 2 is installed on the main frame 1, and the ventilation main pipe 202 is connected to an external air supply device. The air supply device is a conventional technical means, and the air supply device can adjust the air supply volume of the tunnel to improve the air supply efficiency.

[0049] An exhaust port 109 connected to the construction chamber is provided on the side wall of the installation main frame 1 opposite to the tunnel excavation section, a first pipe 4 is installed on the installation main frame 1, an exhaust pipe 5 connected to the exhaust port 109 is installed in the construction chamber, and the output end of the first pipe 4 is opposite to the exhaust port 109; when it is necessary to discharge pollutants from the tunnel to be excavated to the area of ​​the installation main frame 1, the pumping equipment connected to the first pipe 4 is started, and the pumping equipment sprays the water source outside the tunnel into the exhaust port 109 through the first pipe 4, and enters the exhaust pipe 5 from the exhaust port 109. Since the water sprayed from the first pipe 4 to the exhaust port 109 flows into the exhaust pipe 5. According to Bernoulli's principle, when a liquid or gas flows at a high flow rate, the air pressure on its rear side will be less than the air pressure in the direction of the high flow rate liquid or gas injection, at this time, the high flow rate liquid or gas will generate a suction force on the airflow located at the rear side. Through the above principle, pollutants placed in the area from the tunnel to be excavated to the installation of the main frame 1 can be sucked into the exhaust duct 5, the air flow rate in the area from the tunnel to be excavated to the installation of the main frame 1 can be accelerated, and the polluted air can be replaced with fresh air from the tunnel to be excavated to the installation of the main frame 1. In the above structure, the liquid sprayed from the first pipe 4 is water, which can absorb dust and other substances mixed in the pollutants and increase the water content in the air in the area from the tunnel to be excavated to the installation of the main frame 1.

[0050] The water sprayed from the first pipe 4 can perform primary dust reduction treatment on dust and other substances in the air. A first nozzle 402 is installed at the output end of the first pipe 4 to improve the atomization efficiency of the water sprayed from the output end of the first pipe 4 and increase the area of ​​the negative pressure pumping of the polluted air by the above structure.

[0051] A dust removal mechanism is provided in the exhaust duct 5. The dust removal mechanism can separate dust and polluted gas to prevent dust from accumulating in the duct, thereby reducing the exhaust efficiency of the duct in the later stage.

[0052] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the sealing structure includes two fixed sealing plates 107 arranged in pairs, and the sealing plate 516 is welded by multiple prefabricated plates, which are adapted to the excavation section of the tunnel, and can improve the sealing performance when the above structure divides the tunnel into two areas. The two fixed sealing plates 107 are fixed to both sides of the installation main frame 1 by bolts or welding, so that a construction chamber can be formed in the installation main frame 1, providing sufficient installation space for the dust removal mechanism.

[0053] The middle of the fixed sealing plate 107 is provided with an inlet and outlet connected to the construction chamber, and the inlet and outlet are rectangular. A sealed door 108 is installed in the inlet and outlet through a hinge, and the sealed door 108 is a double-side opening structure or a single-side opening structure. The exhaust port 109 is opened in the middle of one of the sealed doors 108; this facilitates the connection between the area from the tunnel to be excavated to the installation main frame 1 and the exhaust duct 5, thereby improving the ventilation and exhaust efficiency.

[0054] An annular airbag 106 adapted to the fixed sealing plate 107 is installed on the outer circumference thereof. The annular airbag 106 is composed of a complete capsule body and has good flexibility. The outer side of the annular airbag 106 is covered with a wear-resistant rubber belt, which can expand with the expansion of the annular airbag 106 to increase the wear resistance of the annular airbag 106. The outer wall of the annular airbag 106 abuts against the wall of the tunnel, and can fill the gullies and gaps that cannot be filled when the fixed sealing plate 107 contacts the wall of the tunnel, so as to prevent the leakage of untreated polluted gas and cause the problem that the exhaust gas treatment in the tunnel does not meet the standards. An air supply device connected to the annular airbag 106 is installed in the main frame 1. The air supply device is an air pump, which can fill the air in the tunnel into the annular airbag 106, and can adaptively adjust the expansion state of the annular airbag 106 to improve the sealing effect of the fixed sealing plate 107 on the tunnel. When the installation main frame 1 is transferred at a later stage, it is also convenient for operators to disassemble and assemble the entire equipment, and it is convenient for the installation main frame 1 to move along the construction direction of the tunnel, thereby improving the timeliness of the above structure for tunnel ventilation.

[0055] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a plurality of bearing frames 104 installed in the installation main frame 1, the bearing frames 104 are located at the bottom of the installation main frame 1, the number of bearing frames 104 is 8, and two bearing frames 104 form a group. The bearing frames 104 are all installed with bearing supports 105 by welding. The bearing supports 105 are installed with a plurality of bearing wheels 103. The installation main frame 1 is installed with a plurality of hydraulic push rods 101 respectively connected with the bearing frames 104, the body of the hydraulic push rod 101 is fixed on the inner side of the installation main frame 1, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic push rod 101 is fixed in the bearing frame 104. By adjusting the telescopic length of the hydraulic push rod 101, the relative distance between the installation main frame 1 and the top wall of the tunnel can be adjusted, providing favorable conditions for the annular airbag 106 to cooperate with the fixed sealing plate 107 to seal the tunnel, and adjusting the horizontal height of the installation main frame 1 when the installation main frame 1 is subsequently transported, so as to facilitate the movement of the above structure in the narrow tunnel space. It also includes a track 102 installed on the bottom of the tunnel. The track 102 is a steel rail. The track 102 is laid along the construction direction of the tunnel. The load-bearing wheel 103 is slidably arranged on the track 102. In this way, when the installation main frame 1 is transferred later, it is convenient for the entire equipment to be moved, and the installation main frame 1 is convenient to move along with the construction of the tunnel, thereby improving the timeliness of the above structure for tunnel ventilation.

[0056] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the dust removal mechanism includes a ring-shaped filter screen 510, and the mesh size of the filter screen 510 is small, and the number of meshes that can filter dust is small, which can improve the filtering effect of the above structure on dust. One end of the exhaust duct 5 is closed, and the other end of the exhaust duct 5 is provided with an air inlet, and the cross section of the exhaust duct 5 is circular.

[0057] The filter 510 is installed in the exhaust duct 5, and the filter 510 is fixedly connected to the closed end of the exhaust duct 5; an exhaust chamber is formed between the filter 510 and the inner wall of the exhaust duct 5, and a first exhaust pipe 505 connected to the exhaust chamber is provided on the exhaust duct 5; when the polluted air enters and exits the exhaust duct from the air inlet, the polluted air passes through the filter 510 and enters the exhaust chamber, and the dust and other substances in the air are blocked by the filter 510, and the gas substances in the air enter the exhaust chamber and are discharged from the exhaust duct 5 from the first exhaust pipe 505, and then are led out of the tunnel through the exhaust main pipe 301. A polluted gas treatment device is installed at the output end of the exhaust main pipe 301 outside the tunnel, and the polluted gas treatment device placed outside the tunnel further treats the polluted gas and then discharges it into the atmosphere. The polluted gas treatment device includes a filter, an electrostatic precipitator (ESP), a water flushing spray device and a wastewater treatment device that are sequentially connected to each other, and the above mechanical structures are all conventional technical means. The sewage discharge main pipe in this structure is communicated with the wastewater treatment device.

[0058] Preferably, a lifting device 501 is installed on the inner top of the installation main frame 1, and the lifting device 501 is an electric winch structure. A frame structure 502 is installed on the outer wall of the exhaust duct 5, and the frame structure 502 is fixedly connected to the exhaust duct 5 by bolt connection. The horizontal height of the exhaust duct 5 in the installation main frame 1 can be adjusted by the lifting device 501, so that the later construction equipment can quickly enter between the tunnel section to be excavated and the installation main frame 1. The exhaust duct 5 will not cause any obstruction to it.

[0059] Preferably, the first pipe 4 is connected to a first telescopic pipe 401 through an elbow, a first nozzle 402 is installed on the output end of the first telescopic pipe 401, a connecting frame 404 is fixed on the main mounting frame 1, a second telescopic rod 403 is installed on the connecting frame 404, and the telescopic end of the second telescopic rod 403 is connected to the first telescopic pipe 401. The horizontal height of the first telescopic pipe 401 can be adjusted by the second telescopic rod 403 to prevent the first pipe 4 from obstructing the construction equipment from entering and exiting the main mounting frame 1. The second telescopic rod 403 is a hydraulic rod or an electric telescopic rod.

[0060] A cleaning mechanism is installed in the filter 510, which is used to clean the mesh of the filter 510. The cleaning mechanism is arranged in the annular space of the filter 510 to clean dust and other substances in the air, so as to avoid the problem that the filter 510 is blocked due to the accumulation of dust and other substances on the filter 510 for a long time, and the dust and other substances in the air cannot be filtered. The cleaning mechanism can ensure that the filter 510 always maintains an efficient filtering effect.

[0061] Preferably, an inner bevel 526 is provided in the air inlet of the exhaust duct 5. The air volume entering the exhaust duct 5 from the air inlet can be increased, and the problem of polluted air overflowing and escaping can be avoided when the fluid output from the output port of the first duct 4 sucks polluted air into the exhaust duct 5.

[0062] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the cleaning mechanism includes a turbine blade structure 513 and a shaft 507 rotatably arranged at the opening of the exhaust duct 5. The turbine blade structure 513 is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet through a bearing. A cleaning cylinder 503 is pierced through the closed end of the exhaust duct 5, and a part of the cleaning cylinder 503 is placed in the filter 510. An installation space is reserved between the cleaning cylinder 503 and the filter 510. The cleaning cylinder 503 is cylindrical, and a conical guide body 520 can be installed at one end close to the air inlet. The guide body 520 can guide the air entering the exhaust duct 5 from the air inlet and the high-speed flowing liquid to enter between the cleaning cylinder 503 and the filter 510, thereby accelerating the treatment efficiency of the above structure for the polluted air in the tunnel.

[0063] Preferably, a guide groove 528 is defined in the guide body 520 , and a limit strip 527 adapted to the guide groove 528 is installed on the shaft rod 507 .

[0064] Preferably, a plurality of sealing rings are installed between the cleaning cylinder 503 and the exhaust duct 5 , and the sealing rings can prevent water vapor or dust from entering between the cleaning cylinder 503 and the exhaust duct 5 .

[0065] A mounting hole is provided at one end of the cleaning barrel 503 away from the turbine blade structure 513, and a shaft sleeve 504 is inserted into the mounting hole. The shaft sleeve 504 is rotatably arranged in the mounting hole through a bearing. A retainer 524 is fixed to the closed end of the exhaust duct 5 by bolts, and the retainer 524 is rotatably connected to the shaft sleeve 504 through a bearing. A shaft rod 507 is installed in the shaft sleeve 504, and the shaft rod 507 extends outward after passing through the cleaning barrel 503, and a sealing ring is installed between the shaft rod 507 and the cleaning barrel 503. After the extended end of the shaft rod 507 is embedded in the turbine blade structure 513, the two are fixedly connected by a pin shaft. The shaft rod 507 is slidably arranged in the shaft sleeve 504.

[0066] The shaft 507 is sleeved with a first bevel gear 509. The sleeve 504 is provided with a second bevel gear 518 meshing with the first bevel gear 509 via a rotating shaft. The second bevel gear 518 is provided with a projection 517. The inner wall of the cleaning cylinder 503 is provided with an annular groove 508, and a part of the projection 517 is embedded in the groove 508.

[0067] A spiral cleaning strip 519 is provided on the outer side wall of the cleaning barrel 503, and a through slot 522 is provided on the side wall of the cleaning strip 519 opposite to the filter screen 510, and the through slot 522 is provided along the spiral line of the cleaning strip 519. The through slot 522 is connected to the cleaning barrel 503. A negative pressure delivery structure is also included, and the cleaning barrel 503 is connected to the input end of the negative pressure delivery structure.

[0068] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the negative pressure delivery structure includes an output pipe 506 installed in the shaft 507, and the output pipe 506 extends outward after passing through the shaft 507. A baffle 511 is installed on the first bevel gear 509, and the cross section of the baffle 511 is circular, which is adapted to the inner diameter of the cleaning cylinder 503. The outer wall of the baffle 511 abuts against the inner wall of the cleaning cylinder 503, and a sealing ring is installed between the baffle 511 and the cleaning cylinder 503. A plurality of slag discharge holes 521 are opened on the side wall of the baffle 511 away from the second bevel gear 518, and the slag discharge holes 521 are trumpet-shaped, and the large diameter end of the slag discharge hole 521 faces the air inlet. The slag discharge holes 521 are all connected to the output pipe 506. A delivery pump 7 connected to the output pipe 506 is installed on the main frame 1, and a filter box 8 is connected at the output end of the delivery pump 7, and the filter box 8 is connected to the first exhaust pipe 505, and the filter box 8 is filled with liquid. The filter box 8 is communicated with the sewage pipe 3 arranged on the main mounting frame 1 , and a solenoid valve is installed at the connection point between the filter box 8 and the sewage pipe 3 .

[0069] In some technical solutions of the present invention, an airtight ring 515 is also included, and the airtight ring 515 is made of rubber material. A second telescopic tube 514 is installed at the air inlet of the exhaust duct 5, and the second telescopic tube 514 is a bellows. The second telescopic tube 514 is fixedly connected to the airtight ring 515 through a flange. A plurality of first telescopic rods 525 are installed on the outer wall of the exhaust duct 5, and the number of the first telescopic rods 525 is 3, and the first telescopic rods 525 are electric telescopic rods or hydraulic rods. The telescopic end of the first telescopic rod 525 is fixedly connected to the airtight ring 515 by bolts. A sealing plate 516 is installed on the side wall of the exhaust duct 5. The sealing plate 516 is a rubber plate, which can increase the contact area between the airtight ring 515 and the closed door. Prevent gas leakage. A through hole adapted to the airtight ring 515 is opened in the middle of the sealing plate 516. The airtight ring 515 is embedded in the through hole.

[0070] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a liquid inlet channel 523 connected to the output pipe 506 is provided on the shaft 507, and a plurality of flushing pipes 6 connected to the liquid inlet channel 523 are installed on the outer wall of the shaft 507. When the liquid ejected from the first pipe 4 enters the area between the cleaning barrel 503 and the exhaust pipe 5, part of the liquid carrying high pressure also enters the liquid inlet channel 523. The liquid enters the cleaning barrel 503 along the liquid inlet channel 523 and the flushing pipe 6, and the mixture of dust and water accumulated in the cleaning barrel 503 can be flushed to avoid the problem of the mixture of dust and water blocking the cleaning barrel. An opening and closing structure for opening and closing the liquid inlet channel 523 is installed in the cleaning barrel 503. By setting the opening and closing structure, the accumulation in the cleaning barrel 503 can be periodically cleaned.

[0071] A second nozzle is installed on the output end of the flushing pipe 6 to increase the spraying area of ​​the flushing pipe 6 and improve the cleaning effect.

[0072] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the opening and closing structure includes an adjusting cylinder 601 installed on the baffle 511, and the adjusting cylinder 601 is fixed on the baffle 511 by bolts. A connecting rod 605 is installed in the liquid inlet channel 523, and the outer diameter of the connecting rod 605 is smaller than the inner diameter of the liquid inlet channel 523. Two mounting grooves are provided on the inner wall of the liquid inlet channel 523, and the two mounting grooves are respectively located on both sides of the connecting rod 605 with the axis of the liquid inlet channel 523 as the symmetry axis. Both ends of the connecting rod 605 are provided with blocking blocks 604 adapted to the mounting grooves, and an adjusting hole connected to the liquid inlet channel 523 is provided on the outer wall of the shaft rod 507, and an adjusting rod 603 connected to the connecting rod 605 is penetrated in the adjusting hole, and an adjusting spring 606 adapted to the adjusting hole is sleeved on the adjusting rod 603, and a first inner conical surface is provided on the inner wall of the adjusting cylinder 601, and an inclined surface adapted to the first inner conical surface is provided on the adjusting rod 603. In the initial state, the blocking block 604 near the connection between the liquid inlet channel 523 and the output pipe 506 is located in the installation groove, and the other blocking block 604 is located in the liquid inlet channel 523, and its part is located in the installation groove adapted thereto.

[0073] In the initial state, the blocking block 604 near the connection between the liquid inlet channel 523 and the output pipe 506 is located in the installation groove, and the other blocking block 604 is located in the liquid inlet channel 523, and its part is located in the installation groove adapted thereto.

[0074] Preferably, the mounting tube 602 is fixed on the inner wall of the cleaning tube 503 through a frame, and the adjusting tube 601 and the mounting tube 602 are integrally formed, and the inner diameter of the adjusting tube 601 is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting tube 602. Both ends of the mounting tube 602 and the adjusting tube 601 that are away from each other are closed.

[0075] The working process of the cleaning mechanism in the dust removal mechanism and the flushing pipeline 6 is as follows:

[0076] The pumping device connected to the first pipe 4 is started, and the pumping device sprays the water source outside the tunnel into the exhaust port 109 through the first pipe 4. The water sprayed from the first pipe 4 to the exhaust port 109 flows into the exhaust pipe 5, and the pollutants in the area from the tunnel to be excavated to the installation of the main frame 1 are sucked into the exhaust pipe 5. After the polluted air enters and exits the exhaust pipe from the air inlet, the polluted air passes through the filter 510 and enters the exhaust chamber. The dust and other substances in the air are blocked by the filter 510, and the gas substances in the air enter the exhaust chamber and are discharged from the first exhaust pipe 505 to the exhaust pipe 5, and then are led out of the tunnel through the exhaust main pipe 301. Under the action of the high-speed flowing fluid and gas, the turbine blade structure 513 drives the shaft 507 to make a clockwise circular motion in the exhaust pipe 5. In the first cycle of the counterclockwise circular motion of the first bevel gear 509 driving the second bevel gear 518 meshing therewith in the cleaning barrel 503, the second bevel gear 518 drives the cleaning barrel 503 to make a linear reciprocating motion on the shaft 507 and the sleeve 504 through the protrusion 517. That is, when the guide body 520 installed on the cleaning barrel 503 approaches the direction of the first pipeline 4. And under the restriction of the guide groove 528 provided in the guide body 520 and the limit strip 527 adapted to the guide groove 528 installed on the shaft 507, the cleaning barrel 503 also makes a clockwise circular motion relative to the sleeve 504 under the drive of the shaft 507, so that the inner side of the filter screen 510 is periodically cleaned by the spiral cleaning strip 519 installed on the cleaning barrel 503. The delivery pump 7 extracts the dust material entering the cleaning barrel 503 into the filter box 8 for processing.

[0077] In the second cycle when the first bevel gear 509 drives the second bevel gear 518 meshing therewith to make counterclockwise circular motion in the cleaning cylinder 503, the second bevel gear 518 drives the cleaning cylinder 503 to make linear reciprocating motion on the shaft rod 507 and the sleeve 504 through the protrusion 517. That is, the guide body 520 installed on the cleaning cylinder 503 moves away from the first pipeline 4. At this time, the opening and closing structure is about to open, and when the regulating cylinder 601 follows the cleaning cylinder 503 to make linear reciprocating motion away from the first pipeline 4 through the installation cylinder 602, the regulating cylinder 601 will apply downward pressure to the regulating rod 603, and the blocking block 604 near the connection between the inlet channel 523 and the output pipeline 506 gradually enters the inlet channel 523 from the installation groove to block the connection between the inlet channel 523 and the output pipeline 506. Another blocking block 604 will gradually enter the installation groove from the liquid inlet channel 523, the liquid inlet channel 523 and the flushing pipe 6 will be connected, and the water sprayed from the first pipe 4 to the exhaust port 109 will enter the flushing pipe 6 through the liquid inlet channel 523. The flushing pipe 6 will periodically clean the deposits in the cleaning cylinder 503.

[0078] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a plurality of ventilation branches 201 are provided on the outer wall of the ventilation pipe 2 along its extension direction, and the ventilation branches 201 are all connected to the ventilation pipe 2. The number of ventilation branches 201 is at least 3, and the ventilation branches 201 are obliquely arranged on the outer wall of the ventilation pipe 2, so that an oblique thrust can be applied to the air between the tunnel section to be excavated and the installation main frame 1, thereby accelerating the polluted air to enter the exhaust port 109, and accelerating the flow efficiency of the air between the tunnel section to be excavated and the installation main frame 1.

[0079] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation system for tunnel construction, characterized in that: It comprises a main installation frame (1) adapted to the tunnel excavation section, a construction chamber is provided inside the main installation frame (1), and sealing structures for closing the construction chamber are provided on both sides of the main installation frame (1); The main installation frame (1) is provided with a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used to move the main installation frame (1) along the tunnel excavation direction; A plurality of ventilation pipes (2) are installed on the side of the main installation frame (1) opposite to the tunnel excavation section, and a ventilation main pipe (202) connected to the ventilation pipe (2) is installed on the main installation frame (1), and the ventilation main pipe (202) is connected to an external air supply device; An exhaust port (109) communicating with the construction chamber is provided on the side wall of the installation main frame (1) opposite to the tunnel excavation section, a first pipe (4) is installed on the installation main frame (1), an exhaust pipe (5) communicating with the exhaust port (109) is installed in the construction chamber, and an output end of the first pipe (4) is opposite to the exhaust port (109); A dust removal mechanism is provided in the exhaust duct (5).

2. A ventilation system for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing structure comprises two fixed sealing plates (107) arranged in pairs, and the two fixed sealing plates (107) are respectively fixed on two sides of the mounting main frame (1); An inlet and outlet communicating with the construction chamber are provided in the middle of the fixed sealing plate (107), and a sealing door (108) is installed in each of the inlet and outlet. The exhaust port (109) is provided in the middle of one of the sealing doors (108); An annular airbag (106) adapted thereto is mounted on the outer circumference of the fixed sealing plate (107), the outer side wall of the annular airbag (106) abuts against the wall surface of the tunnel, and an air supply device connected to the annular airbag (106) is mounted in the mounting main frame (1).

3. A ventilation system for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a plurality of bearing frames (104) installed in the main mounting frame (1), each bearing frame (104) being provided with a bearing support (105), a plurality of bearing wheels (103) being provided on the bearing support (105), a hydraulic push rod (101) connected to the bearing frame (104) being provided on the main mounting frame (1), and a track (102) installed on the bottom of the tunnel, the bearing wheels (103) being slidably arranged on the track (102).

4. A ventilation system for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal mechanism comprises an annular filter screen (510); one end of the exhaust duct (5) is closed, and the other end of the exhaust duct (5) is provided with an air inlet; The filter screen (510) is installed in the exhaust duct (5), and the filter screen (510) is fixedly connected to the closed end of the exhaust duct (5); an exhaust chamber is formed between the filter screen (510) and the inner wall of the exhaust duct (5); The exhaust duct (5) is provided with a first exhaust pipe (505) communicating with the exhaust chamber; A cleaning mechanism for cleaning the mesh of the filter screen (510) is installed in the annular space of the filter screen (510).

5. A ventilation system for tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism comprises a turbine blade structure (513) and a shaft (507) rotatably arranged at the opening of the exhaust duct (5); a cleaning cylinder (503) is provided on the closed end of the exhaust duct (5), and a part of the cleaning cylinder (503) is placed in the filter screen (510); A mounting hole is formed at one end of the cleaning cylinder (503) away from the turbine blade structure (513), and a shaft sleeve (504) is inserted into the mounting hole; a retaining frame (524) is mounted on the closed end of the exhaust duct (5), and the retaining frame (524) is rotatably connected to the shaft sleeve (504); the shaft rod (507) is mounted in the shaft sleeve (504), and the shaft rod (507) extends outward after passing through the cleaning cylinder (503), and the extended end of the shaft rod (507) is transmission-connected to the turbine blade structure (513); The shaft rod (507) is provided with a first bevel gear (509), the shaft sleeve (504) is provided with a second bevel gear (518) meshing with the first bevel gear (509), the second bevel gear (518) is provided with a convex block (517), an annular groove (508) is provided on the inner wall of the cleaning cylinder (503), and a part of the convex block (517) is embedded in the groove (508); A spiral cleaning strip (519) is provided on the outer wall of the cleaning cylinder (503); a through groove (522) is provided on the side wall of the cleaning strip (519) opposite to the filter screen (510); the through groove (522) is connected to the cleaning cylinder (503); and a negative pressure conveying structure for absorbing dust is provided inside the cleaning cylinder (503).

6. A ventilation system for tunnel construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The negative pressure conveying structure comprises an output pipe (506) installed in the shaft (507); a baffle (511) is installed on the first bevel gear (509); the outer wall of the baffle (511) abuts against the inner wall of the cleaning cylinder (503); a plurality of slag discharge holes (521) are opened on the side wall of the baffle (511) away from the second bevel gear (518); the slag discharge holes (521) are all connected to the output pipe (506); a conveying pump (7) connected to the output pipe (506) is installed on the mounting main frame (1); a filter box (8) is connected at the output end of the conveying pump (7); and the filter box (8) is connected to the first exhaust pipe (505).

7. A ventilation system for tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The exhaust duct (5) further comprises an airtight ring (515), a second telescopic tube (514) being installed at the air inlet of the exhaust duct (5), the second telescopic tube (514) being connected to the airtight ring (515), a plurality of first telescopic rods (525) being installed on the outer wall of the exhaust duct (5), the telescopic ends of the first telescopic rods (525) being connected to the airtight ring (515), a sealing plate (516) being installed on the side wall of the exhaust duct (5), a through hole being opened in the middle of the sealing plate (516) and being connected to the exhaust duct (5), the airtight ring (515) being installed in the through hole.

8. A ventilation system for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shaft rod (507) is provided with a liquid inlet channel (523) connected to the output pipe (506), the outer wall of the shaft rod (507) is provided with a plurality of flushing pipes (6) connected to the liquid inlet channel (523), and an opening and closing structure for opening and closing the liquid inlet channel (523) is installed in the cleaning cylinder (503).

9. A ventilation system for tunnel construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: The opening and closing structure comprises an adjusting cylinder (601) mounted on the baffle (511), wherein the adjusting cylinder (601) and a connecting rod (605) are mounted in the liquid inlet channel (523), wherein two mounting grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the liquid inlet channel (523), wherein the two mounting grooves are respectively located on both sides of the connecting rod (605) with the axis of the liquid inlet channel (523) as the axis of symmetry, wherein both ends of the connecting rod (605) are provided with blocking blocks (604) adapted to the mounting grooves, and an adjusting hole connected to the liquid inlet channel (523) is arranged on the outer wall of the shaft rod (507). An adjusting rod (603) connected to the connecting rod (605) is inserted into the adjusting hole, an adjusting spring (606) adapted to the adjusting hole is sleeved on the adjusting rod (603), a first inner conical surface is provided on the inner side wall of the adjusting cylinder (601), and an inclined surface adapted to the first inner conical surface is provided on the adjusting rod (603); in an initial state, a blocking block (604) close to the connection between the liquid inlet channel (523) and the output pipe (506) is located in the installation groove, and another blocking block (604) is located in the liquid inlet channel (523), and a part of it is located in the installation groove adapted to it.

10. A ventilation system for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of ventilation branch pipes (201) are provided on the outer side wall of the ventilation pipe (2) along its extension direction, and the ventilation branch pipes (201) are all in communication with the ventilation pipe (2).

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