Steam seal adjusting process of steam turbine

Abstract

The invention discloses a steam seal adjusting process for a steam turbine, relates to the technical field of steam turbine through-flow transformation, and aims to solve the technical problems that the overall performance of the steam turbine is limited and the power generation cost is increased due to the lack of pertinence in steam seal clearance adjustment in the current process. Accurately measuring an original gap; and making a personalized adjustment scheme. In the high-pressure cylinder, the steam seal gap is accurately reduced according to the high-pressure and high-temperature characteristics of the high-pressure cylinder, the safety of a rotor is guaranteed through finite element analysis, and meanwhile the steam leakage amount is greatly reduced. The medium-pressure cylinder is scientifically adjusted according to the steam flow, the flow speed and the abrasion degree, the low-pressure cylinder determines the appropriate gap range by means of fluid dynamics software and experience, and energy losses are reduced. After the steam turbine is transformed, the heat efficiency is improved, so that the coal consumption is remarkably reduced, a large amount of cost is saved for power generation enterprises, and the competitiveness of the enterprises in the energy market is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of steam turbine flow modification, and more specifically to a steam turbine steam seal adjustment process. Background Art

[0002] In today's global energy structure, thermal power generation is still an important pillar of power supply due to its stability and reliability. As the core equipment of thermal power generation, steam turbine is the key hub that converts steam thermal energy into mechanical energy and then drives the generator to generate electricity. Its operating efficiency and performance are directly related to the economy and stability of the entire power generation system.

[0003] With the continuous growth of energy demand and increasingly stringent environmental protection standards, power generation companies are facing multiple pressures to reduce energy consumption, improve power generation efficiency and reduce pollutant emissions. In order to adapt to this trend, it is inevitable to upgrade and optimize the technology of steam turbines. The flow part is the key channel for energy conversion of steam turbines, and its performance directly affects the overall efficiency of steam turbines. As an important component of the flow part, the steam seal plays a key role in preventing steam leakage and improving the efficiency of steam turbines.

[0004] However, the existing technology lacks pertinence in the adjustment of steam seal gap of steam turbines. The high-pressure cylinder does not accurately reduce the steam seal gap according to its high pressure and high temperature characteristics, resulting in large steam leakage, energy loss, reduced thermal efficiency of steam turbines, and increased power generation costs. When adjusting the steam seal gap, the medium-pressure cylinder does not fully consider the steam flow, flow velocity and wear degree, making the adjustment not scientific and reasonable, and unable to effectively reduce energy loss. When determining the range of the steam seal gap of the low-pressure cylinder, the combination of fluid dynamics software and experience is not used, resulting in inappropriate gap setting, which also causes energy waste. Due to the shortcomings of the existing technology in adjusting the steam seal gap of steam turbines, the overall performance of steam turbines is limited, the cost of power generation enterprises is increased, and the competitiveness in the energy market is also affected. In view of this, we propose a steam turbine steam seal adjustment process. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, meet actual needs, and provide a turbine steam seal adjustment process to solve the technical problem that the current process steam seal gap adjustment lacks pertinence, resulting in limited overall performance of the turbine and increased power generation costs.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a steam turbine seal adjustment process, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Comprehensive inspection of the flow-through part;

[0008] S2: Accurately measure the original gap;

[0009] S3: Develop a personalized adjustment plan;

[0010] S4: Adjust the steam seal through the equipment;

[0011] S5: Dynamic adjustment;

[0012] S6: Sealing test;

[0013] S7: Secondary adjustment;

[0014] S8: run simulation test;

[0015] S9: Data recording and storage.

[0016] Preferably, the step S1 includes the following steps:

[0017] S101: Before starting the steam seal adjustment, conduct a comprehensive inspection of the flow passage of the steam turbine;

[0018] For the steam seal block, check its wear degree, determine the specific depth and width of the wear through appearance inspection and measuring tools, analyze the wear area, determine whether the wear is concentrated or dispersed, mark the wear position, and provide a basis for subsequent targeted adjustments. Check the material integrity of the steam seal block to see if there are cracks or corrosion;

[0019] For the rotor, select multiple measuring points at different axial positions, including the shaft end, shaft neck, and shaft body, and use a dial indicator to measure the axial and radial runout to ensure that the rotor is in good operating condition;

[0020] For the steam seal clearance, use professional measuring tools to measure the initial data of radial and axial clearances at different stages and different circumferential positions. At the same time, carefully check the shape and integrity of the steam seal teeth to see if the tooth tip is worn and blunt, whether the tooth surface is flat, and whether there is any bending deformation;

[0021] S102: When inspecting the cylinder body, use a precise measuring tool to measure the deformation of the cylinder body, calculate the ovality by measuring the different diameter positions of the cylinder body, measure the height dimension of the cylinder body, determine the cylindricity, use a laser scanner to check the local concave and convex deformation; use a roughness meter to measure the roughness of the inner wall of the cylinder body;

[0022] S103: Check the cleanliness of the steam channel, use an endoscope to observe the inside of the channel, clean up debris and dirt, and ensure smooth flow of steam.

[0023] Preferably, in step S2, an advanced measuring instrument is used to switch between contact measurement and non-contact measurement;

[0024] For comb-tooth steam seals, use a high-precision feeler gauge to measure the gap between teeth. For hard-to-reach locations, use a laser measuring instrument to measure.

[0025] For honeycomb steam seals, insert the endoscope into the honeycomb holes to assist in measuring the gap size in the honeycomb holes;

[0026] For the Bryden steam seal, the deformation of the elastic element is measured by a strain gauge to determine the corresponding gap change. During the measurement process, the temperature inside the cylinder is measured by a built-in temperature sensor based on the actual temperature inside the cylinder, and the measured data is temperature compensated to ensure the accuracy of the measured data.

[0027] Preferably, in step S3, based on the measured original clearance data of the steam seal, combined with the operating parameters of the steam turbine, the steam pressure, temperature, flow rate, flow rate at different levels, and the cylinder position where the steam seal is located, a personalized adjustment plan is formulated for each steam seal block;

[0028] For the steam seal of the high-pressure cylinder, considering its high pressure and high temperature characteristics, priority is given to reducing the gap, and the safety of the rotor is ensured through the finite element analysis method;

[0029] For the steam seal of the intermediate pressure cylinder, the adjustment amount is calculated according to the steam flow rate and velocity, combined with the degree of wear, and numerical simulation verification is performed at the same time;

[0030] For the low-pressure cylinder steam seal, fluid dynamics software is used for calculation, combined with actual operating experience to determine the appropriate adjustment range.

[0031] Preferably, in step S4, the position of the steam seal block is adjusted using existing equipment;

[0032] For the annularly arranged steam seal blocks, linear adjustment is performed through a precise screw-nut mechanism;

[0033] For the steam seal block installed at an angle, adjust its angle;

[0034] After the adjustment is completed, the locking mechanism is used to firmly lock the steam seal block to prevent its position from shifting.

[0035] Preferably, during the adjustment process in step S5, the steam pressure, temperature, humidity, flow rate and flow are monitored by multiple sensors installed at the steam seal. The built-in intelligent control system predicts the adjustment timing and adjustment amount in advance according to the changing trend of the parameters, adjusts the steam seal gap according to the steam humidity, avoids the degradation of steam seal performance due to corrosion, and adjusts the steam seal gap according to the changes in steam flow rate and flow to ensure the balance between steam flow characteristics and sealing performance.

[0036] Preferably, in step S6, the adjusted steam seal is tested for sealing performance;

[0037] When using the helium leak detection method, the detection probes of the highly sensitive helium mass spectrometer leak detector are arranged at different test points to fully cover the steam seal area, and the weak points of the seal are determined based on the trace helium leakage;

[0038] When using the pressure drop test method, high-precision pressure sensors are installed before and after the steam seal, and the test results are corrected by considering the effect of steam temperature on pressure drop;

[0039] When using the ultrasonic detection method, the ultrasonic propagation characteristics are used to determine the degree and location of the leak based on the signal strength and frequency.

[0040] Preferably, in step S7, the steam seal is adjusted for the second time according to the result of the sealing test. For the area where the leakage exceeds the standard, local fine-tuning is performed by an adjustable steam seal adjustment device. The adjustment amount is calculated according to the size and position of the leakage, and the leakage is gradually reduced. During the adjustment process, the steam parameters are continuously monitored to ensure that the adjustment does not affect the stability of other operating parameters. At the same time, a variety of test methods are combined to verify the adjustment effect.

[0041] Preferably, in step S8, an operation simulation test is performed on the adjusted flow passage of the steam turbine, simulating different load, speed and steam parameter combinations. During the test, performance indicators of the steam turbine including efficiency, power output, vibration value, temperature field distribution and pressure field distribution are monitored. By comparing with the data before adjustment, the adjustment effect is evaluated, and the long-term operation stability of the steam seal under different working conditions is observed, including changes in wear, sealing performance and steam seal clearance.

[0042] Preferably, the data of the entire steam seal adjustment process, including measurement data, adjustment amount, test results, simulation test data, operation logs and fault records, are recorded in step S9 and stored in a cloud database. The data is encrypted and can only be accessed and modified by authorized users. Big data analysis and machine learning algorithms are used to analyze the data and predict the trend of changes in steam seal performance, so as to provide decision support for subsequent maintenance and adjustment.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. The present invention reduces the steam seal gap precisely in the high-pressure cylinder according to its high-pressure and high-temperature characteristics, and greatly reduces the steam leakage while ensuring the rotor safety through finite element analysis. The medium-pressure cylinder is scientifically adjusted according to the steam flow, flow velocity and wear degree, and the low-pressure cylinder determines the appropriate gap range with the help of fluid dynamics software and experience, both of which reduce energy losses. After the steam turbine is transformed, the present invention improves the thermal efficiency, thereby significantly reducing coal consumption, saving a lot of costs for power generation companies and enhancing the competitiveness of companies in the energy market.

[0045] 2. The present invention timely discovers potential problems through careful inspection of the steam seal block, rotor, cylinder and steam channel. During the adjustment process, the steam seal gap is dynamically adjusted according to the change of steam parameters to avoid problems such as steam seal corrosion, increased wear or seal failure caused by changes in humidity, flow rate and flow rate. After the steam turbine is transformed, the sealing performance of the present invention is improved, the operation stability of the steam turbine is greatly improved, the failure rate is reduced, the downtime for maintenance is reduced, the stability and continuity of power supply are guaranteed, and the safety and reliability of the power grid are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the process of the present invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1 As shown, the present invention relates to a steam turbine steam seal adjustment process, comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1: Comprehensive inspection of the flow-through parts.

[0049] The step S1 includes the following steps:

[0050] S101: Before starting the steam seal adjustment, conduct a comprehensive inspection of the flow passage of the steam turbine;

[0051] For steam seal blocks, in addition to conventional appearance inspections and the use of measuring tools, high-resolution microscopes are also needed to assist in determining the specific depth and width of wear in order to more accurately assess the wear condition. When analyzing the wear area, professional image analysis software is used to digitize the wear marks on the surface of the steam seal block, so as to clearly determine whether the wear is concentrated or dispersed, and accurately mark the wear location. For the material integrity inspection of the steam seal block, advanced non-destructive testing technology is used, such as a combination of ultrasonic testing and eddy current testing, to comprehensively check whether there are internal cracks and corrosion, to ensure the quality of the steam seal block.

[0052] For the rotor, when selecting the measuring points, representative measuring points are determined at key locations such as the shaft end, shaft neck, and shaft body based on the rotor dynamics principle and previous empirical data. In the process of measuring the axial and radial runout, a high-precision, high-resolution dial indicator is used, and a data acquisition system is equipped to record the measurement data in real time. At the same time, the measurement environment is strictly controlled to avoid external interference factors affecting the measurement results and ensure that the rotor is in good operating condition.

[0053] For the steam seal clearance, professional measuring tools with high precision and high reliability, such as laser interferometers and electronic feeler gauges, are used to measure at different levels and different circumferential positions. During the measurement process, the standardized measurement process is strictly followed, and the average value is taken after multiple measurements to improve the accuracy of the data. For the inspection of steam seal teeth, in addition to observing the tooth tip, tooth surface and bending deformation, a hardness tester is also used to detect the hardness change of the tooth to determine whether there is a problem of material performance degradation.

[0054] S102: When inspecting the cylinder, a high-precision three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine is used to measure the deformation of the cylinder. The ellipticity and cylindricity are accurately calculated by arranging dense measurement points at different diameter positions and height directions of the cylinder. A high-resolution laser scanner is used to scan the cylinder surface with millimeter-level accuracy to comprehensively check the local concave and convex deformation, and a detailed three-dimensional model is generated to intuitively display the deformation state of the cylinder. A high-precision roughness tester is used to measure the roughness of the inner wall of the cylinder according to the international standard measurement method to ensure that the geometric shape and surface quality of the cylinder meet the requirements of the steam seal adjustment.

[0055] S103: When inspecting the cleanliness of the steam channel, use an endoscope with a high-definition camera and a flexible probe to conduct a full-scale observation of every corner of the channel. When cleaning debris and dirt, select appropriate cleaning tools and equipment, such as high-pressure water guns, steam cleaners, special pipe brushes, etc., according to the nature and degree of adhesion of the pollutants, and formulate detailed cleaning processes and standards to ensure the smooth flow of steam.

[0056] S2: Accurately measure the original gap.

[0057] In step S2, an advanced measuring instrument is used to switch between contact measurement and non-contact measurement;

[0058] For comb-tooth steam seals, high-precision feeler gauges are used to measure the gap between teeth, and they are strictly calibrated and inspected before measurement. For hard-to-reach locations, high-resolution laser measuring instruments are used for measurement, and the reliability of the measurement results is ensured through precise optical systems and signal processing algorithms.

[0059] For honeycomb steam seals, carefully insert a high-definition endoscope into the honeycomb hole. The endoscope is equipped with lighting and magnification functions, which can clearly observe the structure and gap conditions in the honeycomb hole. At the same time, a specially designed micro-measurement probe with a high-precision displacement sensor and angle sensor is used to accurately measure the gap size in the honeycomb hole with the help of the endoscope.

[0060] For the Brayden steam seal, high-precision strain gauges are attached to the key parts of the elastic element, and the accuracy and stability of the strain gauges are strictly tested. The deformation of the elastic element under different working conditions is monitored in real time through advanced strain gauges, which can capture small deformation changes. During the measurement process, according to the actual temperature in the cylinder, the temperature in the cylinder is measured by a high-precision built-in temperature sensor, and advanced temperature compensation algorithms and calibration models are used to perform real-time and accurate temperature compensation correction on the measured data to ensure the accuracy of the measured data.

[0061] S3: Develop a personalized adjustment plan.

[0062] In step S3, based on the measured original clearance data of the steam seal, combined with the operating parameters of the steam turbine, the steam pressure, temperature, flow rate, flow rate at different levels, and the cylinder position where the steam seal is located, a personalized adjustment plan is formulated for each steam seal block;

[0063] For the steam seal of the high-pressure cylinder, in view of the harsh working conditions of high temperature and high pressure, while giving priority to reducing the gap to improve the sealing performance, advanced finite element analysis software is used to build a multi-physics field coupling model including the steam seal, rotor and cylinder body. In the model, factors such as the nonlinear characteristics of the material, heat conduction and thermal expansion effects, and the flow characteristics of the fluid are fully considered to simulate the stress, deformation and sealing performance of the steam seal under different gaps. Through a large number of numerical calculations and optimization analysis, the safety and stability of the rotor during operation are ensured.

[0064] For the steam seal of the medium pressure cylinder, the adjustment amount is accurately calculated based on the real-time monitored steam flow and velocity data, combined with the wear degree of the steam seal and actual operating experience, using professional fluid mechanics calculation formulas and advanced computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. In the numerical simulation process, the complex flow field structure in the medium pressure cylinder is finely modeled, including components such as blades, steam channels and steam seals, and the flow boundary conditions under different working conditions are considered. Multiple adjustment schemes are simulated, analyzed and compared to ensure that the adjusted steam seal can maintain good sealing performance and stability under various operating conditions of the medium pressure cylinder.

[0065] For the low-pressure cylinder steam seal, a comprehensive flow field analysis and performance prediction are carried out by using powerful fluid dynamics software combined with the structural characteristics and actual operating parameters of the low-pressure cylinder. Based on the consideration of the steam seal wear, gap distribution and rotor vibration characteristics, the appropriate adjustment range is determined through comparative analysis of multiple sets of simulation calculations and experimental data. At the same time, during the adjustment process, the steam seal structure and gap are optimized by using optimization algorithms to achieve the low-pressure cylinder steam seal, while ensuring the sealing performance, to minimize steam leakage losses and improve the overall efficiency of the steam turbine.

[0066] S4: Adjust the steam seal through the equipment.

[0067] In step S4, the position of the steam seal block is adjusted using existing equipment;

[0068] For the annular steam seal block, a precision-made screw-nut mechanism is used for linear adjustment. The screw-nut mechanism is made of high-strength, low thermal expansion coefficient alloy material, and the screw pitch is strictly optimized and ultra-precision machined. During the adjustment process, the screw is driven to rotate by a high-precision motor, and the linear motion of the nut is used to drive the steam seal block to move smoothly, achieving precise linear adjustment. At the same time, it is equipped with a high-resolution displacement sensor to monitor the displacement of the steam seal block in real time and feed back the data to the advanced control system. The control system accurately controls the speed and direction of the motor according to the preset adjustment parameters and feedback data.

[0069] For the tilted steam seal block, a specially designed angle adjustment device is used for adjustment. The device uses a high-precision gear transmission mechanism or hydraulic rotation mechanism. The module and tooth shape of the gear are carefully designed, and the pressure and flow of the hydraulic system can be accurately controlled. During the adjustment process, a high-precision angle sensor is used to monitor the angle change of the steam seal block in real time. The measurement accuracy of the angle sensor reaches [specific accuracy value] to ensure that the adjusted angle meets the design requirements. At the same time, the angle adjustment device is strictly calibrated and tested to ensure its adjustment accuracy and stability under different working conditions.

[0070] After adjustment, the steam seal block is firmly locked with a reliable locking mechanism. The locking mechanism uses a combination of high-strength bolts, nuts and anti-loosening washers, or a special hydraulic clamping device to ensure that the steam seal block will not be displaced during the operation of the turbine due to factors such as vibration and thermal expansion. During the locking process, the operation is carried out in accordance with strict torque standards or clamping force requirements, and a torque wrench or pressure sensor is used for detection and verification to ensure the position stability of the steam seal block.

[0071] S5: Dynamic adjustment.

[0072] During the adjustment process in step S5, the steam pressure, temperature, humidity, flow rate and flow are monitored by multiple sensors installed at the steam seal. These sensors include pressure sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, flow rate sensors and flow sensors, all of which use advanced sensing technology and manufacturing processes. The pressure sensor uses a high-precision piezoelectric sensor, which can accurately measure small changes in steam pressure; the temperature sensor uses a thermocouple or platinum resistance sensor, which has the characteristics of fast response and high stability; the humidity sensor uses a capacitive or resistive sensor, which can accurately measure the humidity change of steam; the flow rate sensor and flow sensor use ultrasonic or electromagnetic induction principles.

[0073] The built-in intelligent control system is the core of dynamic adjustment. The system uses advanced microprocessors and complex algorithms to collect and process data from sensors in real time. By establishing a mathematical model of steam parameters and steam seal clearances, combined with the operating conditions and performance requirements of the steam turbine, the system predicts the timing and amount of adjustment in advance according to the trend of parameter changes. For example, when the steam humidity increases, the system automatically adjusts the steam seal clearance according to the preset humidity-clearance adjustment curve to avoid the degradation of steam seal performance due to corrosion; when the steam flow rate and flow rate change, the system dynamically adjusts the steam seal clearance based on the principles of fluid mechanics and real-time monitoring data to ensure the balance of steam flow characteristics and sealing performance, and ensure the efficient and stable operation of the steam turbine under different working conditions.

[0074] S6: Sealing test.

[0075] In step S6, the adjusted steam seal is tested for sealing performance;

[0076] When using the helium leak detection method, a highly sensitive helium mass spectrometer leak detector is selected, and its detection sensitivity can reach [specific sensitivity value]. The detection probes are arranged at different test points in a scientific and reasonable layout to ensure full coverage of the steam seal area. During the test, the injection pressure and flow of helium are strictly controlled, and advanced data analysis algorithms are used to accurately determine the location of the weak point of the seal and the degree of leakage based on the detection results of trace helium leaks.

[0077] When using the pressure drop test method, high-precision pressure sensors are installed before and after the steam seal. During the test, the pressure changes before and after the steam seal are accurately measured, and the effect of steam temperature on the pressure drop is considered. By establishing a temperature-pressure correction model, the test results are accurately corrected to truly reflect the leakage of the steam seal.

[0078] When using the ultrasonic detection method, high-frequency, high-resolution ultrasonic sensors are selected based on the propagation characteristics and reflection laws of ultrasonic waves in different media. The sensor can transmit and receive ultrasonic signals of specific frequencies, and accurately determine the extent and location of the leak based on the received signal strength and frequency characteristics through advanced signal processing technology and pattern recognition algorithms. At the same time, combined with graphical display technology, the leak situation is intuitively displayed, making it easier for operators to analyze and judge.

[0079] S7: Secondary adjustment.

[0080] In step S7, the steam seal is adjusted for the second time according to the result of the sealing test, and the area where the leakage exceeds the standard is locally fine-tuned by an adjustable steam seal adjustment device. The adjustment device has a high-precision adjustment function and can achieve precise adjustment of small displacements and angles. According to the size and location of the leakage, the adjustment amount and adjustment direction are accurately calculated using advanced calculation models and algorithms. During the adjustment process, steam parameters such as pressure, temperature, flow rate and flow are continuously monitored to ensure that the adjustment does not affect the stability of other operating parameters. At the same time, combined with a variety of test methods, such as helium leak detection, pressure drop test and ultrasonic detection, the adjustment effect is verified in real time to ensure that the leakage of the steam seal is reduced to the specified standard range to meet the operation requirements of the steam turbine.

[0081] S8: Run the simulation test.

[0082] In the step S8, the flow passage of the adjusted steam turbine is subjected to an operation simulation test, and the parameters of the simulation test cover different load, speed and steam parameter combinations, the load range includes multiple operating points such as low load, rated load and overload, the speed range is from different proportional values ​​of the turbine starting speed to the rated speed, and the steam parameter combination includes various conditions of different pressures, temperatures, humidity, flow rates and flows. During the test, advanced monitoring equipment and systems are used to comprehensively monitor the performance indicators of the steam turbine, such as efficiency, power output, vibration value, temperature field distribution and pressure field distribution. Through high-precision sensors and data acquisition systems, the data of these performance indicators are collected and recorded in real time, and compared and analyzed in detail with the data before adjustment to evaluate the effect of steam seal adjustment on the overall performance of the steam turbine.

[0083] At the same time, during the simulation test, the operating stability of the steam seal under different working conditions is observed for a long time. By regularly checking the wear of the steam seal, the trend of changes in sealing performance and the changes in the steam seal gap, using advanced detection technology and equipment, such as endoscopes, high-precision measuring instruments and non-destructive testing equipment, potential problems can be discovered in a timely manner, and the long-term operating reliability of the steam seal can be evaluated and predicted, providing guarantee for the safe and stable operation of the steam turbine.

[0084] S9: Data recording and storage.

[0085] The data of the entire steam seal adjustment process is recorded in step S9, and the recorded data includes measurement data, adjustment amount, test results, simulation test data, operation log and fault record, etc. The measurement data covers the wear data of the steam seal block, the runout of the rotor, the initial value and the adjusted value of the steam seal gap, etc. The adjustment amount records the specific value and operation process of each steam seal adjustment; the test results include detailed data of the sealing test, operation simulation test, etc.; the operation log records each step of the operator's operation and time node during the adjustment process; the fault record records in detail any abnormal conditions and solutions that occur during the adjustment process.

[0086] These data are stored in a cloud database, using advanced data encryption technology and security measures to ensure data security and integrity. The storage structure and format of the database are carefully designed to facilitate rapid query, retrieval and analysis of data. Using big data analysis and machine learning algorithms, the stored data is deeply mined and analyzed to establish a steam seal performance prediction model and a fault diagnosis model. By learning and analyzing a large amount of historical data, the performance change trend of the steam seal under different working conditions is predicted, and potential fault risks are discovered in advance, providing scientific decision support for subsequent steam seal maintenance and adjustment, and realizing continuous optimization and improvement of the steam turbine steam seal adjustment process.

[0087] The embodiments of the present invention disclose preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. A person skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. However, as long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steam turbine seal adjustment process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Comprehensive inspection of the flow-through part; S2: Accurately measure the original gap; S3: Develop a personalized adjustment plan; S4: Adjust the steam seal through the equipment; S5: Dynamic adjustment; S6: Sealing test; S7: Secondary adjustment; S8: run simulation test; S9: Data recording and storage.

2. A steam turbine seal adjustment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 includes the following steps: S101: Before starting the steam seal adjustment, conduct a comprehensive inspection of the flow passage of the steam turbine; For the steam seal block, check its wear degree, determine the specific depth and width of the wear through appearance inspection and measuring tools, analyze the wear area, determine whether the wear is concentrated or dispersed, mark the wear position, and provide a basis for subsequent targeted adjustments. Check the material integrity of the steam seal block to see if there are cracks or corrosion; For the rotor, select multiple measuring points at different axial positions, including the shaft end, shaft neck, and shaft body, and use a dial indicator to measure the axial and radial runout to ensure that the rotor is in good operating condition; For the steam seal clearance, use professional measuring tools to measure the initial data of radial and axial clearances at different stages and different circumferential positions. At the same time, carefully check the shape and integrity of the steam seal teeth to see if the tooth tip is worn and blunt, whether the tooth surface is flat, and whether there is any bending deformation; S102: When inspecting the cylinder body, use a precise measuring tool to measure the deformation of the cylinder body, calculate the ovality by measuring the different diameter positions of the cylinder body, measure the height dimension of the cylinder body, determine the cylindricity, use a laser scanner to check the local concave and convex deformation; use a roughness meter to measure the roughness of the inner wall of the cylinder body; S103: Check the cleanliness of the steam channel, use an endoscope to observe the inside of the channel, clean up debris and dirt, and ensure smooth flow of steam.

3. A steam turbine seal adjustment process according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, an advanced measuring instrument is used to switch between contact measurement and non-contact measurement; For comb-tooth steam seals, use a high-precision feeler gauge to measure the gap between teeth. For hard-to-reach locations, use a laser measuring instrument to measure. For honeycomb steam seals, insert the endoscope into the honeycomb holes to assist in measuring the gap size in the honeycomb holes; For the Bryden steam seal, the deformation of the elastic element is measured by a strain gauge to determine the corresponding gap change. During the measurement process, the temperature inside the cylinder is measured by a built-in temperature sensor based on the actual temperature inside the cylinder, and the measured data is temperature compensated to ensure the accuracy of the measured data.

4. A steam turbine seal adjustment process according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, based on the measured original clearance data of the steam seal, combined with the operating parameters of the steam turbine, the steam pressure, temperature, flow rate, flow rate at different levels, and the cylinder position where the steam seal is located, a personalized adjustment plan is formulated for each steam seal block; For the steam seal of the high-pressure cylinder, considering its high pressure and high temperature characteristics, priority is given to reducing the gap, and the safety of the rotor is ensured through the finite element analysis method; For the steam seal of the intermediate pressure cylinder, the adjustment amount is calculated according to the flow rate and velocity of the steam and the degree of wear, and numerical simulation verification is performed at the same time; For the low-pressure cylinder steam seal, fluid dynamics software is used for calculation, combined with actual operating experience to determine the appropriate adjustment range.

5. A steam turbine seal adjustment process according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, the position of the steam seal block is adjusted using existing equipment; For the annularly arranged steam seal blocks, linear adjustment is performed through a precise screw-nut mechanism; For the steam seal block installed at an angle, adjust its angle; After the adjustment is completed, the locking mechanism is used to firmly lock the steam seal block to prevent its position from shifting.

6. A steam turbine seal adjustment process according to claim 5, characterized in that: During the adjustment process in step S5, the steam pressure, temperature, humidity, flow rate and flow are monitored by multiple sensors installed at the steam seal. The built-in intelligent control system predicts the adjustment timing and adjustment amount in advance according to the changing trend of the parameters, adjusts the steam seal gap according to the steam humidity, avoids the degradation of steam seal performance due to corrosion, and adjusts the steam seal gap according to the changes in steam flow rate and flow to ensure the balance between steam flow characteristics and sealing performance.

7. A steam turbine seal adjustment process according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S6, the adjusted steam seal is tested for sealing performance; When using the helium leak detection method, the detection probes of the highly sensitive helium mass spectrometer leak detector are arranged at different test points to fully cover the steam seal area, and the weak points of the seal are determined based on the trace helium leakage; When using the pressure drop test method, high-precision pressure sensors are installed before and after the steam seal, and the test results are corrected by considering the effect of steam temperature on pressure drop; When using the ultrasonic detection method, the ultrasonic propagation characteristics are used to determine the degree and location of the leak based on the signal strength and frequency.

8. A steam turbine seal adjustment process according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S7, the steam seal is adjusted for the second time according to the result of the sealing test. For the area where the leakage exceeds the standard, the adjustable steam seal adjustment device is used to perform local fine adjustment. The adjustment amount is calculated according to the size and position of the leakage, and the leakage is gradually reduced. During the adjustment process, the steam parameters are continuously monitored to ensure that the adjustment does not affect the stability of other operating parameters. At the same time, a variety of test methods are combined to verify the adjustment effect.

9. A steam turbine seal adjustment process according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S8, an operation simulation test is performed on the adjusted flow passage of the steam turbine, simulating different load, speed and steam parameter combinations. During the test, the performance indicators of the steam turbine including efficiency, power output, vibration value, temperature field distribution and pressure field distribution are monitored. By comparing with the data before adjustment, the adjustment effect is evaluated, and the long-term operation stability of the steam seal under different working conditions is observed, including changes in wear, sealing performance and steam seal clearance.

10. A steam turbine seal adjustment process according to claim 9, characterized in that: The data of the entire steam seal adjustment process, including measurement data, adjustment amount, test results, simulation test data, operation logs and fault records, are recorded in step S9 and stored in a cloud database. The data is encrypted and can only be accessed and modified by authorized users. Big data analysis and machine learning algorithms are used to analyze the data and predict the trend of steam seal performance changes, so as to provide decision support for subsequent maintenance and adjustment.

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