Device and method for generating power by utilizing gravitational potential energy of ship

By installing linear and rotary power generation mechanisms under the bottom plate of the ship, power generation is generated using the ship's gravity potential energy, the problem of waste of gravity potential energy during ship navigation is solved, and more efficient energy utilization and bump relief effects are achieved.

CN119982300APending Publication Date: 2025-05-13HARBIN ENG UNIV
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202510204611.6
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2025-02-24
Publication Date
2025-05-13

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

When a ship sails at sea, due to the action of waves and undercurrents, the gravity potential energy generated cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in waste of energy.

Method used

A device is designed to be installed under the bottom plate of a ship, and power generation is generated by a linear power generation mechanism and a rotary power generation mechanism. The linear power generation mechanism includes a permanent magnet, a copper coil and a connecting rod, and the rotary power generation mechanism includes a rack and a gear transmission mechanism.

Benefits of technology

The electromagnetic induction phenomenon generated by magnets and copper coils, as well as the operation of generators, convert the gravity potential energy of the ship into electrical energy, improve the energy utilization efficiency of the ship, reduce energy costs, and alleviate the impact of ship bumps.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for generating electricity by utilizing gravitational potential energy of a ship. The device comprises a linear power generation mechanism and a rotary power generation mechanism which are mounted between a bottom plate and a lower plate of a ship; the linear power generation mechanism comprises a connecting rod installed below a ship bottom plate, a permanent magnet is installed on the connecting rod, a spring is arranged between the lower end of the permanent magnet and a lower plate, a copper coil is fixed to the lower plate, and the permanent magnet and the spring are sleeved with the copper coil. The rotary power generation mechanism comprises a rack installed below a ship bottom plate, the rack is meshed with a gear transmission mechanism, and the gear transmission mechanism is connected with a first power generator and a second power generator. The device is installed below a bottom plate of a ship, the gravitational potential energy of the ship is converted into electric energy through normal relative displacement between the two plates, the electromagnetic induction phenomenon generated by the magnet and the copper coil and operation of the generator, linear power generation and rotary power generation are combined together, and the gravitational potential energy of the ship is fully utilized for power generation.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of power generation devices, and in particular relates to a device for generating electricity by utilizing the gravitational potential energy of a ship. Background Art

[0002] Energy has been an important resource on the earth since ancient times and plays an important role in human civilization. Improving energy efficiency is the key to the development of human civilization. Energy is also closely related to our lives. A large amount of energy is used in metallurgy, heating, power generation, transportation and other fields. At the same time, the research on new energy can promote the progress of science and technology. For example, the research and development of various new energy internal combustion engines not only reduces the dependence on traditional energy, but also makes outstanding contributions to environmental protection. Nowadays, the emergence of various new power generation devices has effectively improved the efficiency of energy utilization, but some energy still cannot be effectively utilized, such as the gravitational potential energy generated by the ups and downs of ships when they are traveling. Improving the energy utilization efficiency of ships can not only improve the endurance of ships, but also reduce the energy cost of ships.

[0003] When a ship is sailing on the sea, it will bump up and down. This is because the waves have crests and troughs. When the ship sails on the waves, the hull will move up and down with the ups and downs of the waves. At the same time, when the ship encounters turbulent water or undercurrent, the force of the water flow will impact the hull, causing the hull to bump and move up and down. This phenomenon is especially strong on yachts. Some yachts are designed to be streamlined, which will generate a certain lift when traveling at high speeds, causing the bow to tilt up, and then cause jumping. When the ship is acted upon by the upward thrust of waves or undercurrents, the ship moves upward, and the gravitational potential energy of the ship increases. When the waves or undercurrents pass, the upward thrust disappears, and the ship moves downward under the action of its own gravity, and the gravitational potential energy of the ship decreases, resulting in a waste of gravitational potential energy. However, there is currently no special device to utilize this part of the energy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device to use the gravitational potential energy of ships to generate electricity. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for generating electricity using the gravitational potential energy of a ship, which is installed under the bottom plate of the ship and generates electricity using the gravitational potential energy of the ship through the relative displacement in the normal direction between the two plates.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for generating electricity using the gravitational potential energy of a ship, comprising: a linear power generation mechanism and a rotary power generation mechanism, wherein the linear power generation mechanism and the rotary power generation mechanism are installed between a bottom plate and a lower plate of the ship;

[0007] The linear power generation mechanism comprises a connecting rod installed under the bottom plate of the ship, a permanent magnet is installed on the connecting rod, a spring is arranged between the lower end of the permanent magnet and the lower plate, a copper coil is spirally fixed on the lower plate, and the copper coil is sleeved outside the permanent magnet and the spring;

[0008] The rotating power generation mechanism comprises a rack installed below the bottom plate of the ship, the rack is meshed with a gear transmission mechanism, and the gear transmission mechanism is respectively connected to the generator one and the generator two.

[0009] Further, the gear transmission mechanism includes gear 2, gear 2 meshes with the rack, gear 2 and gear 1 are mounted on shaft 1, gear 1 meshes with gear 3 and gear 7 respectively, gear 3 meshes with gear 4 when rotating clockwise, and meshes with gear 8 when rotating counterclockwise, gear 4 and gear 5 are mounted on shaft 3, gear 5 meshes with gear 6, gear 8 and gear 9 are mounted on shaft 5, gear 9 meshes with gear 10, gear 6 is connected to generator 1 through shaft 6, gear 10 is connected to generator 2 through shaft 7, generator 1 is mounted on the lower plate through support 1, and generator 2 is mounted on the lower plate through support 2.

[0010] Furthermore, the axis one, axis three, and axis five are fixed on the support plate through holes; the axis two is fixed on the support plate through slot one, and the axis four is fixed on the support plate through slot two, and the axis two and axis four move horizontally in slot one and slot two, respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, when the shaft 2 moves horizontally to the right, the gear 3 and the gear 4 are meshed, and the center distance between the gear 3 and the gear 1 increases, so the pitch circles of the gear 3 and the gear 1 are not tangent, but still meshed, and the meshing area is reduced;

[0012] When the shaft 4 moves horizontally to the left, the gear 7 and the gear 8 are meshed, and the center distance between the gear 7 and the gear 1 increases, so the pitch circles of the gear 7 and the gear 1 are not tangent, but are still meshed, and the meshing area is reduced.

[0013] Furthermore, the pitch circle diameter of gear one is larger than the pitch circle diameters of gear three and gear four, and the pitch circle diameters of gear six and gear ten are smaller than the pitch circle diameters of gear five and gear nine.

[0014] Furthermore, the gear three, gear four, gear seven, and gear eight are of the same model, the gear five and gear nine are of the same model, and the gear six and gear ten are of the same model.

[0015] Furthermore, the gear five, gear six, gear nine and gear ten are bevel gears.

[0016] Furthermore, the copper coil, generator one and generator two are respectively connected to external power storage devices.

[0017] Furthermore, the support plate is fixed on the lower plate, and the lower plate is in direct contact with the water surface.

[0018] The present invention may also include:

[0019] A method for generating electricity using the above-mentioned device for generating electricity using the gravitational potential energy of a ship, the method comprising:

[0020] When the ship rises and falls, the lower plate is squeezed upward by the upward thrust of waves or undercurrents, causing the bottom plate of the ship to move downward relative to the lower plate. The connecting rod drives the permanent magnet to move downward relative to the lower plate, the spring is compressed, the copper coil and the lower plate are relatively stationary, and relative displacement occurs between the permanent magnet and the copper coil, thereby realizing power generation by the linear power generation mechanism;

[0021] When the ship rises and falls, the lower plate is squeezed upward by the upward thrust of waves or undercurrents, so that the bottom plate of the ship moves downward relative to the lower plate, and at the same time drives the rack to move downward relative to the lower plate, the rack drives gear 2 to rotate clockwise, gear 2 drives gear 1 to rotate clockwise through shaft 1, gear 1 drives gear 3 and gear 7 to rotate counterclockwise, and at the same time applies a horizontal force to the left to push the central axis shaft 2 of gear 3 and the central axis shaft 4 of gear 7 to move leftward in slot 1 and slot 2 respectively, thereby pushing gear 7 to mesh with gear 8, gear 7 drives gear 8 to rotate clockwise, and at the same time gear 3 and gear 4 are disengaged, so that gear 3 idles, thereby avoiding the reverse rotation of engine 1; gear 8 drives gear 9 to rotate clockwise through shaft 5, gear 9 drives gear 10 to rotate downward, and gear 10 drives generator 2 to generate electricity through shaft 7;

[0022] When the ship pitches down, the lower plate moves downward relative to the ship's bottom plate due to its own gravity and the thrust of the spring, causing the ship's bottom plate to move upward relative to the lower plate. The connecting rod drives the permanent magnet to move upward relative to the lower plate, the spring stretches, the copper coil and the lower plate remain relatively still, and a relative displacement occurs between the permanent magnet and the copper coil, thereby realizing power generation by the linear power generation mechanism.

[0023] When the ship bumps and descends, the lower plate moves downward relative to the ship's bottom plate due to its own gravity and the thrust of the spring, causing the ship's bottom plate to move upward relative to the lower plate, and at the same time drives the rack to move upward relative to the lower plate, the rack drives gear two to rotate counterclockwise, gear two drives gear one to rotate counterclockwise through shaft one, gear one drives gear three and gear seven to rotate clockwise, and at the same time applies horizontal force to the right on gear three and gear seven, pushing the central axis shaft two of gear three and the central axis shaft four of gear seven to move right in slot one and slot two respectively, thereby pushing gear three to engage with gear four, gear three drives gear four to rotate counterclockwise, and at the same time gear seven and gear eight disengage, causing gear seven to idle, thereby avoiding reverse rotation of engine two; gear four drives gear five to rotate counterclockwise through shaft three, gear five drives gear six to rotate downward, and gear six drives generator one to generate electricity through shaft six.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] The present invention can convert the gravitational potential energy of the ship into electrical energy through the coordination of various components through the electromagnetic induction phenomenon generated by the magnet and the copper coil and the operation of the generator.

[0026] The present invention combines bidirectional power generation of linear power generation and rotational power generation together. Since the weight of the ship is large, the combination of the two power generation methods can more fully utilize the gravitational potential energy of the ship. While generating electricity, it also has a shock-absorbing effect, reducing the bumpy feeling caused by the ship moving forward. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Attached Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gear transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Attached Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shaft fixed on the support plate and the support plate groove of the present invention;

[0030] Attached Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the linear power generation mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 1- ship bottom plate; 201- gear one; 202- gear two; 203- gear three; 204- gear four; 205- gear five; 206- gear six; 207- gear seven; 208- gear eight; 209- gear nine; 210- gear ten; 3- rack; 4- support plate; 501- shaft one; 502- shaft two; 503- shaft three; 504- shaft four; 505- shaft five; 506- shaft six; 507- shaft seven; 601- slot one; 602- slot two; 701- generator one; 702- generator two; 801- support one; 802- support two; 9- lower plate; 10- spring; 11- copper coil; 12- permanent magnet; 13- connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The present invention discloses a device for generating electricity by utilizing the gravitational potential energy of a ship, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a linear power generation mechanism and a rotary power generation mechanism, wherein the linear power generation mechanism and the rotary power generation mechanism are installed between the bottom plate 1 and the lower plate 9 of the ship;

[0035] As attached Figure 4 As shown, the linear power generation mechanism comprises a connecting rod 13 installed under the bottom plate 1 of the ship, a permanent magnet 12 is installed on the connecting rod 13, a spring 10 is provided between the lower end of the permanent magnet 12 and the lower plate 9, a copper coil 11 is spirally fixed on the lower plate 9, and the copper coil 11 is sleeved outside the permanent magnet 12 and the spring 10;

[0036] As attached Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the rotating power generation mechanism includes a rack 3 installed below the bottom plate 1 of the ship, and the rack 3 is meshed with a gear transmission mechanism, and the gear transmission mechanism is connected to the generator 1 701 and the generator 2 702 respectively.

[0037] In this embodiment, the gear transmission mechanism includes a gear 202, which meshes with the rack 3. The gear 202 and the gear 1 201 are mounted on the shaft 1 501. The gear 1 201 is respectively meshed with the gear 3 203 and the gear 7 207. When the gear 3 203 rotates clockwise, it meshes with the gear 4 204. When the gear 7 207 rotates counterclockwise, it meshes with the gear 8 208. The gear 4 204 and the gear 5 205 are mounted on the shaft 3 503. Gear five 205 is meshed with gear six 206, gear eight 208 and gear nine 209 are mounted on shaft five 505, gear nine 209 is meshed with gear ten 210, gear six 206 is connected to generator one 701 via shaft six 506, gear ten 210 is connected to generator two 702 via shaft seven 507, generator one 701 is mounted on the lower plate 9 via support one 801, and generator two 702 is mounted on the lower plate 9 via support two 802.

[0038] When the rack 3 moves downward, gear two 202 rotates clockwise, gear one 201 rotates clockwise, gear three 203 rotates counterclockwise, gear four 204 stops rotating, gear seven 207 rotates counterclockwise, gear eight 208 rotates clockwise, gear nine 209 rotates clockwise, and gear ten 210 rotates downward.

[0039] When the rack 3 moves upward, gear two 202 rotates counterclockwise, gear one 201 rotates counterclockwise, gear three 203 rotates clockwise, gear four 204 rotates counterclockwise, gear five 205 rotates counterclockwise, gear six 206 rotates downward, gear seven 207 rotates clockwise, and gear eight 208 stops rotating.

[0040] In this embodiment, the pitch circle diameter of gear one 201 is larger than the pitch circle diameters of gear three 203 and gear four 204, and the pitch circle diameters of gear six 206 and gear ten 210 are smaller than the pitch circle diameters of gear five 205 and gear nine 209.

[0041] In this embodiment, the gear three 203, the gear four 204, the gear seven 207, and the gear eight 208 are of the same model, the gear five 205 and the gear nine 209 are of the same model, and the gear six 206 and the gear ten 210 are of the same model.

[0042] In this embodiment, the gear five 205, the gear six 206, the gear nine 209, and the gear ten 210 are bevel gears.

[0043] In this embodiment, the copper coil 11, generator 1 701, and generator 2 702 are respectively connected to external power storage devices.

[0044] In this embodiment, the support plate 4 is fixed on the lower plate 9, and the lower plate 9 is in direct contact with the water surface.

[0045] In this embodiment, the present invention generates electricity by utilizing the gravitational potential energy of the ship through the relative displacement in the normal direction between the two plates.

[0046] In this embodiment, the generator 1 701 and the generator 2 702 are of the same model.

[0047] As attached Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the axis 1 501, the axis 3 503, and the axis 505 are fixed on the support plate through holes; the axis 2 502 is fixed on the support plate 4 through the groove 1 601, and the axis 4 504 is fixed on the support plate 4 through the groove 2 602. The axis 2 502 and the axis 4 504 move horizontally in the groove 1 601 and the groove 2 602, respectively.

[0048] In this embodiment, when the shaft 2 502 moves horizontally to the right, the gear 3 203 and the gear 4 204 are meshed, and the center distance between the gear 3 209 and the gear 1 201 increases, so the pitch circles of the gear 3 203 and the gear 1 201 are not tangent, but still meshed, and the meshing area is reduced;

[0049] In this embodiment, when the shaft four 504 moves horizontally to the left, the gear seven 207 and the gear eight 208 are meshed, and the center distance between the gear seven 203 and the gear one 201 is increased, so the pitch circles of the gear seven 207 and the gear one 201 are not tangent, but are still meshed, and the meshing area is reduced.

[0050] The device for generating electricity by utilizing the gravitational potential energy of a ship in this embodiment, and the method for generating electricity include:

[0051] When the ship rises and falls, the lower plate 9 is pushed upward by the upward thrust of waves or undercurrents, so that the ship bottom plate 1 moves downward relative to the lower plate 9. The ship bottom plate 1 drives the permanent magnet 12 to move downward relative to the lower plate 9 through the connecting rod 13, the spring 10 is compressed, the copper coil 11 and the lower plate 9 are relatively stationary, and a relative displacement occurs between the permanent magnet 12 and the copper coil 11, thereby realizing the power generation of the linear power generation mechanism;

[0052] When the ship rises and falls, the lower plate 9 is squeezed upward by the upward thrust of waves or undercurrents, and the bottom plate 1 of the ship moves downward relative to the lower plate 9, and at the same time drives the rack 3 to move downward relative to the lower plate 9, and the rack 3 drives the gear 2 202 to rotate clockwise, and the gear 2 202 drives the gear 1 201 to rotate clockwise through the shaft 1 501, and the gear 1 201 drives the gear 3 203 and the gear 7 207 to rotate counterclockwise, and at the same time, a horizontal force to the left is applied to the gear 3 203 and the gear 7 207, pushing the central axis shaft 2 502 of the gear 3 203 and the central axis shaft 4 504 of the gear 7 207 to move leftward in the groove 1 601 and the groove 2 602 respectively, thereby pushing the gear 7 207 to mesh with the gear 8 208, and the gear 7 207 drives the gear 8 208 to rotate clockwise, and at the same time, the gear 3 203 and the gear 4 204 are disengaged, so that the gear 3 203 idles, thereby avoiding the reverse rotation of the engine 1 701. The gear eight 208 drives the gear nine 209 to rotate clockwise through the shaft five 505, the gear nine 209 drives the gear ten 210 to rotate downward, and the gear ten 210 drives the generator two 702 to generate electricity through the shaft seven 507;

[0053] When the ship pitches down, the lower plate 9 moves downward relative to the ship bottom plate 1 due to its own gravity and the thrust of the spring 10, so that the ship bottom plate 1 moves upward relative to the lower plate 9. The ship bottom plate 1 drives the permanent magnet 12 to move upward relative to the lower plate 9 through the connecting rod 13. The spring 10 stretches, the copper coil 11 and the lower plate 9 are relatively stationary, and a relative displacement occurs between the permanent magnet 12 and the copper coil 11, thereby realizing the power generation of the linear power generation mechanism;

[0054] When the ship pitches down, the lower plate 9 moves downward relative to the ship's bottom plate 1 due to its own gravity and the thrust of the spring 10, so that the ship's bottom plate 1 moves upward relative to the lower plate 9, and at the same time drives the rack 3 to move upward relative to the lower plate 9, the rack 3 drives the gear 2 202 to rotate counterclockwise, the gear 2 202 drives the gear 1 201 to rotate counterclockwise through the shaft 1 501, the gear 1 201 drives the gear 3 203 and the gear 7 207 to rotate clockwise, and at the same time, a horizontal rightward force is applied to the gear 3 203 and the gear 7 207, pushing the central axis 2 502 of the gear 3 203 and the central axis 4 04 of the gear 7 207 to move rightward in the groove 1 601 and the groove 2 602 respectively, thereby pushing the gear 3 203 to mesh with the gear 4 204, the gear 3 203 drives the gear 4 204 to rotate counterclockwise, and at the same time, the gear 7 207 and the gear 8 208 are disengaged, so that the gear 7 207 idles, thereby avoiding the reverse rotation of the generator 2 702. Gear four 204 drives gear five 205 to rotate counterclockwise through shaft three 503, gear five 205 drives gear six 206 to rotate downward, and gear six 206 drives generator one 701 to generate electricity through shaft six 506.

[0055] The invention is installed under the bottom plate of the ship and can generate electricity by using the gravitational potential energy of the ship through the relative displacement between the two plates in the normal direction, thereby causing a waste of gravitational potential energy.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for generating electricity using the gravitational potential energy of a ship, characterized in that: include: A linear power generation mechanism and a rotary power generation mechanism, wherein the linear power generation mechanism and the rotary power generation mechanism are installed between a ship bottom plate (1) and a lower plate (9); The linear power generation mechanism comprises a connecting rod (13) installed below the bottom plate (1) of the ship, a permanent magnet (12) is installed on the connecting rod (13), a spring (10) is provided between the lower end of the permanent magnet (12) and the lower plate (9), a copper coil (11) is fixed on the lower plate (9) in a spiral manner, and the copper coil (11) is sleeved outside the permanent magnet (12) and the spring (10); The rotating power generation mechanism comprises a rack (3) installed below the bottom plate (1) of the ship, the rack (3) meshing with a gear transmission mechanism, and the gear transmission mechanism is respectively connected to generator one (701) and generator two (702).

2. The device for generating electricity by utilizing the gravitational potential energy of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear transmission mechanism comprises a second gear (202), the second gear (202) meshing with the rack (3), the second gear (202) and the first gear (201) being mounted on the first shaft (501), the first gear (201) being meshing with the third gear (203) and the seventh gear (207) respectively, the third gear (203) being meshing with the fourth gear (204) when rotating clockwise, the seventh gear (207) being meshing with the eighth gear (208) when rotating counterclockwise, the fourth gear (204) and the fifth gear (205) being mounted on the third shaft (503), the fifth gear (206) being meshing with the fourth gear (207) when rotating counterclockwise. 5) is meshed with gear six (206), gear eight (208) and gear nine (209) are mounted on shaft five (505), gear nine (209) is meshed with gear ten (210), gear six (206) is connected to generator one (701) via shaft six (506), gear ten (210) is connected to generator two (702) via shaft seven (507), generator one (701) is mounted on the lower plate (9) via support one (801), and generator two (702) is mounted on the lower plate (9) via support two (802).

3. The device for generating electricity by utilizing the gravitational potential energy of a ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axis one (501), axis three (503), and axis five (505) are fixed on the support plate through holes; the axis two (502) is fixed on the support plate (4) through the groove one (601), and the axis four (504) is fixed on the support plate (4) through the groove two (602); the axis two (502) and the axis four (504) move horizontally in the groove one (601) and the groove two (602), respectively.

4. The device for generating electricity by utilizing the gravitational potential energy of a ship according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: When the shaft 2 (502) moves horizontally to the right, the gear 3 (203) and the gear 4 (204) mesh, and the center distance between the gear 3 (209) and the gear 1 (201) increases, so the pitch circles of the gear 3 (203) and the gear 1 (201) are not tangent, but still mesh, and the meshing area decreases; When the shaft four (504) moves horizontally to the left, the gear seven (207) and the gear eight (208) are meshed, and the center distance between the gear seven (203) and the gear one (201) increases, so the pitch circles of the gear seven (207) and the gear one (201) are not tangent, but are still meshed, and the meshing area is reduced.

5. The device for generating electricity by utilizing the gravitational potential energy of a ship according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pitch circle diameter of gear one (201) is larger than the pitch circle diameters of gear three (203) and gear four (204), and the pitch circle diameters of gear six (206) and gear ten (210) are smaller than the pitch circle diameters of gear five (205) and gear nine (209).

6. The device for generating electricity by utilizing the gravitational potential energy of a ship according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear three (203), gear four (204), gear seven (207), and gear eight (208) are of the same model, the gear five (205) and gear nine (209) are of the same model, and the gear six (206) and gear ten (210) are of the same model.

7. The device for generating electricity by utilizing the gravitational potential energy of a ship according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear five (205), gear six (206), gear nine (209) and gear ten (210) are bevel gears.

8. The device for generating electricity by utilizing the gravitational potential energy of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper coil (11), generator one (701), and generator two (702) are respectively connected to external power storage devices.

9. The device for generating electricity by utilizing the gravitational potential energy of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate (4) is fixed on the lower plate (9), and the lower plate (9) is in direct contact with the water surface.

10. A method for generating electricity by using the gravitational potential energy of a ship according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method includes: When the ship rises and falls, the lower plate (9) is squeezed upward by the upward thrust of waves or undercurrents, so that the ship bottom plate (1) moves downward relative to the lower plate (9). The ship bottom plate (1) drives the permanent magnet (12) to move downward relative to the lower plate (9) through the connecting rod (13), the spring (10) is compressed, the copper coil (11) and the lower plate (9) are relatively stationary, and relative displacement occurs between the permanent magnet (12) and the copper coil (11), thereby realizing power generation by the linear power generation mechanism; When the ship pitches upward, the lower plate (9) is pushed upward by the upward thrust of waves or undercurrents, and the bottom plate (1) of the ship moves downward relative to the lower plate (9), and at the same time drives the rack (3) to move downward relative to the lower plate (9). The rack (3) drives the second gear (202) to rotate clockwise, and the second gear (202) drives the first gear (201) to rotate clockwise through the first shaft (501). The first gear (201) drives the third gear (203) and the seventh gear (207) to rotate counterclockwise, and at the same time applies force to the third gear (203) and the seventh gear (207). The horizontal force of gear 207 pushes the central axis 2 (502) of gear 3 (203) and the central axis 4 (504) of gear 7 (207) to move leftward in slot 1 (601) and slot 2 (602) respectively, thereby pushing gear 7 (207) to mesh with gear 8 (208), and gear 7 (207) drives gear 8 (208) to rotate clockwise. At the same time, gear 3 (203) and gear 4 (204) are disengaged, so that gear 3 (203) idles, thereby preventing the reverse rotation of engine 1 (701). Gear 8 (208) drives gear 9 (209) to rotate clockwise through shaft 5 (505), and gear 9 (209) drives gear 10 (210) to rotate downward. Gear 10 (210) drives generator 2 (702) to generate electricity through shaft 7 (507); When the ship pitches and descends, the lower plate (9) moves downward relative to the ship bottom plate (1) due to its own weight and the thrust of the spring (10), causing the ship bottom plate (1) to move upward relative to the lower plate (9). The ship bottom plate (1) drives the permanent magnet (12) to move upward relative to the lower plate (9) through the connecting rod (13), the spring (10) stretches, the copper coil (11) and the lower plate (9) remain relatively still, and a relative displacement is generated between the permanent magnet (12) and the copper coil (11), thereby realizing power generation by the linear power generation mechanism; When the ship pitches and descends, the lower plate (9) moves downward relative to the ship's bottom plate (1) due to its own weight and the thrust of the spring (10), causing the ship's bottom plate (1) to move upward relative to the lower plate (9), while driving the rack (3) to move upward relative to the lower plate (9), the rack (3) driving the gear 2 (202) to rotate counterclockwise, the gear 2 (202) drives the gear 1 (201) to rotate counterclockwise through the shaft 1 (501), the gear 1 (201) drives the gear 3 (203) and the gear 7 (207) to rotate clockwise, and at the same time, a force is applied to the gear 3 (203). The horizontal rightward force of gear 203) and gear 7 (207) pushes the central axis 2 (502) of gear 3 (203) and the central axis 4 (04) of gear 7 (207) to move rightward in slot 1 (601) and slot 2 (602) respectively, thereby pushing gear 3 (203) to mesh with gear 4 (204), and gear 3 (203) drives gear 4 (204) to rotate counterclockwise. At the same time, gear 7 (207) and gear 8 (208) are disengaged, so that gear 7 (207) idles, thereby preventing the reverse rotation of generator 2 (702). Gear 4 (204) drives gear 5 (205) to rotate counterclockwise through shaft 3 (503), and gear 5 (205) drives gear 6 (206) to rotate downward. Gear 6 (206) drives generator 1 (701) to generate electricity through shaft 6 (506).